CN115263908A - Universal joint and engineering measuring instrument using same - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a universal joint and an engineering measuring instrument using the universal joint, wherein the universal joint comprises an upper yoke and a lower yoke which are connected with each other through a cross shaft, the cross shaft comprises a first shaft and a second shaft which are arranged vertically, the lower yoke comprises two first yoke lugs which are arranged at intervals, a first mounting hole is formed in each first yoke lug, a first bearing for supporting the second shaft to rotate is fixed in each first mounting hole in a matched mode, an adjusting device is arranged on each first yoke lug, one end of each adjusting device abuts against two ends of the second shaft respectively and is in point contact with the two ends of the second shaft, the point contact position is on the axis of the second shaft, and the adjusting device is suitable for adjusting the position of the lower yoke along the axis direction of the second shaft; the laser level meter using the universal joint has the characteristic of high repeated positioning precision.

Description

Universal joint and engineering measuring instrument using the universal joint

technical field

The invention relates to a universal joint for engineering measuring instruments and an engineering measuring instrument using the universal joint.

Background technique

As shown in Fig. 3-4, the universal joint used for engineering measuring instruments in the prior art includes an upper yoke 2 and a lower yoke 3 connected to each other through a cross shaft 1, and the upper yoke 2 is suitable for rotating the laser level. On the fixed support, the lower yoke 3 is suitable for fixed connection with the laser assembly, the cross shaft 1 includes a first shaft 6 and a second shaft 7 arranged perpendicular to each other, and the lower yoke 3 includes two second shafts arranged at intervals. A fork ear 4, the first fork ear 4 is provided with a first mounting hole 5, and a first bearing 8 supporting the rotation of the second shaft 7 is fitted and fixed in the first mounting hole 5; the first bearing 8 The rotation accuracy of the laser level will directly affect the positioning accuracy of the laser level.

The universal joints of the prior art have the following problems: since the first bearing 8 must have a radial clearance, the existence of the radial clearance will cause the lower joint yoke 3 to displace along the axial direction of the second shaft 7 (that is, the shaft To the clearance) and the center of gravity shifts, the lower fork 3 will affect the positioning accuracy of the laser level after the center of gravity shifts, the accuracy of each positioning of the same laser level is often not the same, and the repeat positioning accuracy is poor; To ensure that the laser level can obtain good positioning accuracy, the bearings with small axial clearance are usually screened out by manual tooling and assembled on the lower yoke 3. This method can neither solve the problem fundamentally nor achieve the expected effect.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to use a universal joint and an engineering measuring instrument using the universal joint, and use the universal joint laser level of the application, which has the characteristics of high repeat positioning accuracy.

In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a universal joint, which includes an upper yoke and a lower yoke connected to each other through a cross shaft, and the cross shaft includes a first shaft and a second shaft arranged perpendicularly to each other. The lower fork includes two first fork lugs arranged at intervals, and a first mounting hole is opened on the first fork lug, and a first bearing supporting the rotation of the second shaft is fitted and fixed in the first mounting hole. An adjustment device is provided on the first fork lug, and one end of the two adjustment devices respectively abuts against the two ends of the second shaft and is in point contact, and the point contact position is on the axis of the second shaft, and the adjustment device is suitable for Adjust the position of the lower yoke along the axial direction of the second shaft.

Further, the adjustment device includes a column-shaped fixing seat, the fixing seat is arranged in the outer port of the first installation hole, a threaded hole is opened in the middle of the fixing seat, and the internal thread of the threaded hole is matched with an adjusting screw, The two ends of the second shaft are provided with counterbore respectively, the counterbore is equipped with a ball, and the ball is located between the inner end surface of the counterbore and the adjusting screw; or, the counterbore is opened in the inner end of the adjusting screw point contact between the end surface of the second shaft and the ball in the counterbore; the structure of the adjustment device is simple, the inner end of the adjustment screw is in point contact with the ball, and the point contact position is on the second shaft on the axis.

Further, the inner end surface of the counterbore is a tapered surface; the inner end surface of the counterbore is a tapered surface, which can better ensure that the point contact position is on the axis of the second shaft.

Further, one end of the fixing seat is screwed into the outer port of the first installation hole, a limit ring is provided in the first installation hole, and the outer ring of the first bearing is located between the limit ring and the fixing seat; The axial fixing of the outer ring of the first bearing is realized by using the fixing seat and the limiting ring.

Further, the upper yoke includes two second fork lugs arranged at intervals, and a second installation hole is opened on the second fork lug, and a first shaft supporting the rotation of the first shaft is fitted and fixed in the second installation hole. Two bearings.

An engineering measuring instrument, the base of which is set on the upper yoke of the universal joint.

Beneficial effects of the present invention: Since one end of the two adjusting devices respectively abuts against the two ends of the second shaft, the lower yoke and the second shaft are relatively fixed, even if there is a radial play in the first bearing, it will not cause The lower fork moves along the axial direction of the second shaft, the repeat positioning accuracy of the laser level is guaranteed, and the radial clearance requirement of the first bearing is also reduced; The two ends of the two ends are offset and point contact, and the point contact position is on the axis of the second shaft, so the lower yoke can rotate normally around the axis of the second shaft, and when the adjustment device is used to adjust the position of the lower yoke, it will not Affect the flexibility of the first bearing; the laser level using the universal joint of the present invention has the characteristics of high repeat positioning accuracy.

Description of drawings

In order to clearly illustrate the innovative principle of the invention and its advantages over existing universal joints, a possible embodiment is described below by means of a non-limiting example of the application of said principle with the aid of the drawings. In the picture:

Fig. 1 is the sectional view of universal joint of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a sectional view on the center line of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is the sectional view of the universal joint of prior art;

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view on the centerline of FIG. 3 .

Detailed ways

The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments. Apparently, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them.

Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

It should be noted that all directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back...) in the embodiments of the present invention are only used to explain the relationship between the components in a certain posture (as shown in the accompanying drawings). Relative positional relationship, movement conditions, etc., if the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

In the present invention, unless otherwise specified and limited, the terms "connection" and "fixation" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, "fixation" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral body; It can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediary, and it can be an internal communication between two elements or an interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention according to specific situations.

Example 1

As shown in Figure 1-2, the universal joint of this embodiment includes an upper joint 2 and a lower joint 3 connected to each other through a cross shaft 1, and the cross shaft 1 includes a first shaft 6 and a second shaft arranged perpendicular to each other 7. The lower fork 3 includes two first fork lugs 4 arranged at intervals, the first fork lugs 4 are provided with a first installation hole 5, and the first installation hole 5 is fitted with a supporting second The first bearing 8 for the rotation of the shaft 7, the first fork lug 4 is provided with an adjustment device 9, and one end of the two adjustment devices 9 respectively abuts against the two ends of the second shaft 7 and is in point contact, and the point contact Positioned on the axis of the second shaft 7 , the adjusting device 9 is adapted to adjust the position of the lower yoke 3 along the axis of the second shaft 7 .

The adjustment device 9 includes a columnar fixing seat 10, the fixing seat 10 is arranged in the outer port of the first installation hole 5, and the middle part of the fixing seat 10 is provided with a threaded hole, and the internal thread of the threaded hole is equipped with an adjusting screw 11, the two ends of the second shaft 7 are respectively provided with counterbore 12, the counterbore 12 is equipped with a ball 14, the ball 14 is located between the inner end surface 13 of the counterbore 12 and the adjustment screw 11; or , the counterbore 12 is opened at the inner end of the adjusting screw 11, and the end surface of the second shaft 7 is in point contact with the ball 14 in the counterbore 12; a point can also be formed between the tip of the cone and the plane. For contact, in this embodiment, point contact is preferably formed between the ball and the plane.

The inner end surface 13 of the counterbore 12 is a tapered surface; the inner end surface of the counterbore is a tapered surface, which can better ensure that the point contact position is on the axis of the second shaft.

One end of the fixed seat 10 is threadedly fitted on the outer port of the first mounting hole 5, the first mounting hole 5 is provided with a limit ring 15, and the outer ring of the first bearing 8 is located between the limit ring 15 and the fixed seat. 10; use the fixed seat and the limit ring to realize the axial fixation of the outer ring of the first bearing.

The upper fork 2 includes two second fork lugs 18 arranged at intervals, the second fork lugs 18 are provided with a second mounting hole 16, and the second mounting hole 16 is fitted with a supporting first shaft 6 The second bearing 17 rotates.

Since the inner ends of the adjustment screws 11 of the two adjustment devices 9 respectively abut against the two ends of the second shaft 7, even if there is radial play in the first bearing 8, it will not cause the lower joint yoke 3 to move along the second shaft 7. The direction of the axis moves, so that the engineering measuring instruments using the universal joint (including: laser sweeper, total station locator, range finder, theodolite, level, automatic leveling level, plotter, laser measuring instrument, projector, camera, etc.) the repeated positioning accuracy is guaranteed, and at the same time the radial clearance requirement of the first bearing 8 is reduced; since one end of the two adjustment devices 9 respectively offsets the two ends of the second shaft 7 and is in point contact, The point contact position is on the axis of the second shaft 7, so the lower yoke 3 can rotate normally around the axis of the second shaft 7, and when the position of the lower yoke 3 is adjusted using the adjustment device 9, the first bearing will not be affected 8 flexibility; the laser level using the universal joint of this embodiment has the characteristics of high repeat positioning accuracy.

The above is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, some improvements and modifications can also be made, and these improvements and modifications should also be It is regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. The utility model provides a universal joint, includes upper segment fork (2) and lower section fork (3) that link to each other through cross (1), cross (1) is including first axle (6) and second axle (7) that mutually perpendicular set up, lower section fork (3) are including first fork ear (4) that two intervals set up, first mounting hole (5) have been seted up on first fork ear (4), first mounting hole (5) fit in is fixed with first bearing (8) that support second axle (7) are rotatory, its characterized in that: adjusting devices (9) are arranged on the first fork lug (4), one ends of the two adjusting devices (9) are respectively abutted against two ends of the second shaft (7) and are in point contact, and the point contact positions are located on the axis of the second shaft (7).

2. The gimbal according to claim 1, wherein: the adjusting device (9) comprises a columnar fixing seat (10), the fixing seat (10) is arranged in an outer port of the first mounting hole (5), a threaded hole is formed in the middle of the fixing seat (10), an adjusting screw (11) is in threaded fit with the threaded hole, counter bores (12) are formed in two ends of the second shaft (7) respectively, balls (14) are matched in the counter bores (12), and the balls (14) are located between the inner side end face (13) of the counter bores (12) and the adjusting screw (11); or the counter bore (12) is arranged at the inner end of the adjusting screw (11), and the end surface of the second shaft (7) is in point contact with the ball (14) in the counter bore (12).

3. The gimbal according to claim 2, wherein: the inner side end face (13) of the counter bore (12) is a conical surface.

4. The gimbal according to claim 2, wherein: one end screw-thread fit of fixing base (10) is at the outer port of first mounting hole (5), be equipped with spacing ring (15) in first mounting hole (5), the outer lane of first bearing (8) is located between spacing ring (15) and fixing base (10).

5. The gimbal according to claim 1, wherein: the upper yoke (2) comprises two second yokes (18) arranged at intervals, second mounting holes (16) are formed in the second yokes (18), and second bearings (17) for supporting the first shaft (6) to rotate are fixed in the second mounting holes (16) in a matched mode.

6. An engineering measurement instrument, characterized in that: the base of the engineering and measurement instrument is arranged on the upper yoke (2) of the universal joint according to claim 1.

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