CN115263908A

CN115263908A - Universal joint and engineering measuring instrument using same

Info

Publication number: CN115263908A
Application number: CN202210802624.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陆建红; 金中义; 顾春景
Original assignee: Laisai Optoelectronics Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Laisai Optoelectronics Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-07-07
Filing date: 2022-07-07
Publication date: 2022-11-01

Abstract

The invention relates to a universal joint and an engineering measuring instrument using the universal joint, wherein the universal joint comprises an upper yoke and a lower yoke which are connected with each other through a cross shaft, the cross shaft comprises a first shaft and a second shaft which are arranged vertically, the lower yoke comprises two first yoke lugs which are arranged at intervals, a first mounting hole is formed in each first yoke lug, a first bearing for supporting the second shaft to rotate is fixed in each first mounting hole in a matched mode, an adjusting device is arranged on each first yoke lug, one end of each adjusting device abuts against two ends of the second shaft respectively and is in point contact with the two ends of the second shaft, the point contact position is on the axis of the second shaft, and the adjusting device is suitable for adjusting the position of the lower yoke along the axis direction of the second shaft; the laser level meter using the universal joint has the characteristic of high repeated positioning precision.

Description

Universal joint and engineering measuring instrument using same

Technical Field

The invention relates to a universal joint for an engineering measuring instrument and the engineering measuring instrument using the universal joint.

Background

Referring to fig. 3-4, a universal joint for an engineering measuring instrument in the prior art includes an upper yoke 2 and a lower yoke 3 connected to each other through a cross 1, where the upper yoke 2 is adapted to be rotatably disposed on a fixed support of a laser level, the lower yoke 3 is adapted to be fixedly connected to a laser assembly, the cross 1 includes a first shaft 6 and a second shaft 7 disposed perpendicular to each other, the lower yoke 3 includes two first yoke lugs 4 disposed at intervals, the first yoke lugs 4 are provided with first mounting holes 5, and first bearings 8 for supporting the second shaft 7 to rotate are fittingly fixed in the first mounting holes 5; the accuracy of the swivel of the first bearing 8 directly affects the accuracy of the positioning of the laser level.

The prior art universal joint has the following problems: because the first bearing 8 inevitably has a radial play, the presence of the radial play can cause the lower yoke 3 to displace along the axis direction of the second shaft 7 (namely, an axial play) and generate a gravity center offset, the positioning accuracy of the laser level instrument can be influenced after the gravity center offset is generated on the lower yoke 3, the positioning accuracy of each time of the same laser level instrument is different, and the repeated positioning accuracy is poor; in order to ensure that the laser level can obtain good positioning accuracy, a bearing with small axial play is screened out by a tool manually and assembled on the lower yoke 3, and the method can not solve the problem fundamentally and can not achieve the expected effect.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is that the laser level meter using the universal joint has the characteristic of high repeated positioning precision through the universal joint and an engineering measuring instrument using the universal joint.

In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a universal joint, which comprises an upper yoke and a lower yoke which are connected with each other through a cross shaft, wherein the cross shaft comprises a first shaft and a second shaft which are arranged vertically, the lower yoke comprises two first yoke lugs which are arranged at intervals, a first mounting hole is formed in each first yoke lug, a first bearing for supporting the second shaft to rotate is fixed in each first mounting hole in a matched mode, an adjusting device is arranged on each first yoke lug, one end of each adjusting device abuts against two ends of the second shaft and is in point contact with the two ends of the second shaft, the point contact position is located on the axis of the second shaft, and the adjusting device is suitable for adjusting the position of the lower yoke along the axis direction of the second shaft.

Furthermore, the adjusting device comprises a columnar fixing seat, the fixing seat is arranged in an outer port of the first mounting hole, a threaded hole is formed in the middle of the fixing seat, an adjusting screw is matched with the threaded hole in a threaded manner, counter bores are formed in two ends of the second shaft respectively, balls are matched in the counter bores, and the balls are located between the inner side end faces of the counter bores and the adjusting screw; or the counter bore is arranged at the inner end of the adjusting screw, and the end surface of the second shaft is in point contact with the ball in the counter bore; the adjusting device is simple in structure, the inner end of the adjusting screw is in point contact with the ball, and the point contact position is on the axis of the second shaft.

Furthermore, the end surface of the inner side of the counter bore is a conical surface; the end face of the inner side of the counter bore is a conical surface, so that point contact positions can be better guaranteed to be on the axis of the second shaft.

Furthermore, one end of the fixed seat is in threaded fit with an outer port of the first mounting hole, a limiting ring is arranged in the first mounting hole, and an outer ring of the first bearing is positioned between the limiting ring and the fixed seat; and the fixed seat and the limiting ring are utilized to realize the axial fixation of the outer ring of the first bearing.

Furthermore, the upper section fork comprises two second fork lugs arranged at intervals, a second mounting hole is formed in each second fork lug, and a second bearing for supporting the first shaft to rotate is fixed in each second mounting hole in a matched mode.

An engineering measuring instrument is characterized in that a base of the engineering measuring instrument is arranged on an upper yoke of a universal joint.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: one ends of the two adjusting devices are respectively abutted against two ends of the second shaft, so that the lower yoke and the second shaft are relatively fixed, even if the first bearing has radial play, the lower yoke cannot move along the axis direction of the second shaft, the repeated positioning precision of the laser level meter is ensured, and meanwhile, the requirement of the radial play of the first bearing is also reduced; one ends of the two adjusting devices are respectively abutted against two ends of the second shaft and are in point contact, and the point contact position is on the axis of the second shaft, so that the lower yoke can normally rotate around the axis of the second shaft, and the flexibility of the first bearing cannot be influenced when the adjusting devices are used for adjusting the position of the lower yoke; the laser level meter using the universal joint has the characteristic of high repeated positioning precision.

Drawings

In order to clearly illustrate the innovative principles of the invention and its advantages compared to the known gimbals, a possible embodiment is illustrated below by way of non-limiting example applying said principles, with the aid of the accompanying drawings. In the figure:

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a gimbal according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view on the centerline of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a prior art gimbal;

fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view on the centerline of fig. 3.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the drawings in the embodiments, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments.

All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

It should be noted that all directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, and back \8230;) in the embodiments of the present invention are only used to explain the relative positional relationship between the components, the motion situation, etc. in a specific posture (as shown in the attached drawings), and if the specific posture is changed, the directional indicators are changed accordingly.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and for example, "secured" may be a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral part; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be interconnected within two elements or in a relationship where two elements interact with each other unless otherwise specifically limited. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations by those of ordinary skill in the art.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1-2, the universal joint of the present embodiment includes an upper yoke 2 and a lower yoke 3 connected to each other through a cross 1, where the cross 1 includes a first shaft 6 and a second shaft 7 that are perpendicular to each other, the lower yoke 3 includes two first yoke ears 4 that are disposed at an interval, a first mounting hole 5 is opened on the first yoke 4, a first bearing 8 that supports the second shaft 7 to rotate is fixed in the first mounting hole 5 in a matching manner, an adjusting device 9 is disposed on the first yoke 4, one end of each of the two adjusting devices 9 abuts against and is in point contact with two ends of the second shaft 7, the point contact position is on an axis of the second shaft 7, and the adjusting device 9 is adapted to adjust a position of the lower yoke 3 along an axis direction of the second shaft 7.

The adjusting device 9 comprises a columnar fixing seat 10, the fixing seat 10 is arranged in an outer port of the first mounting hole 5, a threaded hole is formed in the middle of the fixing seat 10, an adjusting screw 11 is in threaded fit with the threaded hole, counter bores 12 are formed in two ends of the second shaft 7 respectively, a ball 14 is matched in the counter bores 12, and the ball 14 is located between an inner side end face 13 of the counter bore 12 and the adjusting screw 11; or, the counter bore 12 is arranged at the inner end of the adjusting screw 11, and the end face of the second shaft 7 is in point contact with the ball 14 in the counter bore 12; the point contact between the point of the cone and the flat surface can also be made, and this embodiment preferably makes point contact through the ball and the flat surface.

The inner side end surface 13 of the counter bore 12 is a conical surface; the end face of the inner side of the counter bore is a conical surface, so that point contact positions can be better guaranteed to be on the axis of the second shaft.

One end of the fixed seat 10 is in threaded fit with an outer port of the first mounting hole 5, a limiting ring 15 is arranged in the first mounting hole 5, and an outer ring of the first bearing 8 is positioned between the limiting ring 15 and the fixed seat 10; and the fixed seat and the limiting ring are utilized to realize the axial fixation of the outer ring of the first bearing.

The upper yoke 2 comprises two second yokes 18 arranged at intervals, a second mounting hole 16 is formed in the second yokes 18, and a second bearing 17 for supporting the first shaft 6 to rotate is fixed in the second mounting hole 16 in a matching manner.

Because the inner side ends of the adjusting screws 11 of the two adjusting devices 9 are respectively abutted against the two ends of the second shaft 7, even if the first bearing 8 has radial play, the lower yoke 3 can not be caused to move along the axis direction of the second shaft 7, so that the repeated positioning precision of the engineering measuring instrument (comprising a laser swinger, a total station locator, a distance measurer, a theodolite, a level, an automatic leveling level, a plotting instrument, a laser measuring instrument, a projector, a photographic instrument and the like) adopting the universal joint is ensured, and the requirement on the radial play of the first bearing 8 is also reduced; because one end of each of the two adjusting devices 9 abuts against and is in point contact with the two ends of the second shaft 7, and the point contact position is on the axis of the second shaft 7, the lower yoke 3 can normally rotate around the axis of the second shaft 7, and the flexibility of the first bearing 8 cannot be influenced when the adjusting devices 9 are used for adjusting the position of the lower yoke 3; the laser level meter using the universal joint has the characteristic of high repeated positioning precision.

While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a universal joint, includes upper segment fork (2) and lower section fork (3) that link to each other through cross (1), cross (1) is including first axle (6) and second axle (7) that mutually perpendicular set up, lower section fork (3) are including first fork ear (4) that two intervals set up, first mounting hole (5) have been seted up on first fork ear (4), first mounting hole (5) fit in is fixed with first bearing (8) that support second axle (7) are rotatory, its characterized in that: adjusting devices (9) are arranged on the first fork lug (4), one ends of the two adjusting devices (9) are respectively abutted against two ends of the second shaft (7) and are in point contact, and the point contact positions are located on the axis of the second shaft (7).

2. The gimbal according to claim 1, wherein: the adjusting device (9) comprises a columnar fixing seat (10), the fixing seat (10) is arranged in an outer port of the first mounting hole (5), a threaded hole is formed in the middle of the fixing seat (10), an adjusting screw (11) is in threaded fit with the threaded hole, counter bores (12) are formed in two ends of the second shaft (7) respectively, balls (14) are matched in the counter bores (12), and the balls (14) are located between the inner side end face (13) of the counter bores (12) and the adjusting screw (11); or the counter bore (12) is arranged at the inner end of the adjusting screw (11), and the end surface of the second shaft (7) is in point contact with the ball (14) in the counter bore (12).

3. The gimbal according to claim 2, wherein: the inner side end face (13) of the counter bore (12) is a conical surface.

4. The gimbal according to claim 2, wherein: one end screw-thread fit of fixing base (10) is at the outer port of first mounting hole (5), be equipped with spacing ring (15) in first mounting hole (5), the outer lane of first bearing (8) is located between spacing ring (15) and fixing base (10).

5. The gimbal according to claim 1, wherein: the upper yoke (2) comprises two second yokes (18) arranged at intervals, second mounting holes (16) are formed in the second yokes (18), and second bearings (17) for supporting the first shaft (6) to rotate are fixed in the second mounting holes (16) in a matched mode.

6. An engineering measurement instrument, characterized in that: the base of the engineering and measurement instrument is arranged on the upper yoke (2) of the universal joint according to claim 1.