CN115263454A - Compressed air energy storage device based on heat storage and cold storage and use method thereof - Google Patents
Compressed air energy storage device based on heat storage and cold storage and use method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115263454A CN115263454A CN202210900633.2A CN202210900633A CN115263454A CN 115263454 A CN115263454 A CN 115263454A CN 202210900633 A CN202210900633 A CN 202210900633A CN 115263454 A CN115263454 A CN 115263454A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K3/00—Plants characterised by the use of steam or heat accumulators, or intermediate steam heaters, therein
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K3/00—Plants characterised by the use of steam or heat accumulators, or intermediate steam heaters, therein
- F01K3/006—Accumulators and steam compressors
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B41/00—Pumping installations or systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
- F04B41/02—Pumping installations or systems specially adapted for elastic fluids having reservoirs
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/16—Mechanical energy storage, e.g. flywheels or pressurised fluids
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Abstract
The invention discloses a compressed air energy storage device based on heat storage and cold storage and a using method thereof. The invention introduces the compression-heat accumulation coupling type compressor and the expansion-cold accumulation coupling type expander, and the stored heat is released during expansion by using the energy storage liquid to replace fuel heat compensation, so that zero carbon emission is realized, the compression and expansion processes are close to isothermal, the efficiency of the compressed air energy storage system is improved, higher pressure can be achieved by using liquid compression, the storage volume required by air is reduced, the cost of compressed air energy storage is reduced, and the storage economy is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of energy storage, in particular to a compressed air energy storage device based on heat storage and cold storage and a using method thereof.
Background
In recent years, with the increasing emission of carbon dioxide, the problem of environmental pollution is becoming more and more serious. China proposed to strive for carbon dioxide emission to reach a peak value 2030 years ago and carbon neutralization to be achieved 2060 years ago. To achieve this goal, the construction of new power systems based on new energy sources, such as wind energy and solar energy, which are the most technically and cost competitive, should be accelerated. However, renewable energy has the characteristics of intermittency and instability, and an energy storage technology is needed to adjust the relation between energy supply and demand to improve the stability of a power grid. The compressed air energy storage technology has the advantages of large scale, environmental friendliness, long service life and large energy storage capacity, and has wide application prospect.
In some countries, compressed air energy storage systems have been used in electrical grids to stabilize power systems. The German Huntorf power station stores compressed air in a natural cave with the depth of 600 meters underground, the unit can continuously inflate for 8 hours and continuously generate power for 2 hours, an energy storage system needs to burn fossil fuel to supplement heat energy to enable the air to expand and generate power, carbon dioxide is discharged, the environment is polluted, and the total efficiency of the system is only 42%. The McIntosh power station in the United states was built in 1991 and has the improvement that the waste heat of the exhaust gas of the fuel gas can be recovered, and the compressed air at the inlet of the expansion machine is preheated, so that the fuel gas consumption is reduced by 25%. 2010 department such as the German aerospace technology center starts a project of a compressed air energy storage system with heat energy storage, adopts heat exchange to replace fuel combustion for heat supplement, but generates heat loss in the compression process and the heat exchange process with a heat exchanger, and compared with combustion, the compressed air energy storage system needs a larger and more complex air storage system, and is high in cost.
In the future, how to abandon fuel heat compensation, realize that combustion and zero carbon discharge do not exist in the operation process, and efficient compressed air energy storage system is the problem that technical personnel in the field need to solve urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a compressed air energy storage device based on heat storage and cold storage and a use method thereof, so as to improve the efficiency of a compressed air energy storage system, reduce the cost of compressed air energy storage and improve the storage economy.
In order to realize the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a compressed air energy storage device based on heat storage and cold storage comprises a low-pressure compressor, a hydraulic pump, a compression-heat storage coupling type compressor, a hydraulic motor, an air storage tank, a heat storage device, an expansion-cold storage coupling type expansion machine, a cold storage device and a low-pressure expansion machine;
the compression-heat storage coupling type compressor consists of a first collecting plate, a first array type radiating pipe and a second collecting plate; the first array type radiating pipe is composed of a plurality of radiating pipes which have the same structure and are connected in parallel, and the upper end and the lower end of the first array type radiating pipe are connected with the first bus plate and the second bus plate in series; the expansion-cold accumulation coupled expander consists of a third bus plate, a second array type radiating pipe and a fourth bus plate; the second array type radiating pipe is composed of a plurality of radiating pipes which are identical in structure and connected in parallel, and the upper end and the lower end of the second array type radiating pipe are connected with the third bus plate and the fourth bus plate in series;
the first bus plate and the third bus plate are respectively provided with an air inlet and an air outlet, and the air inlets and the air outlets are symmetrically arranged on the side walls of the first bus plate and the third bus plate; the first hydraulic pump and the first hydraulic motor are symmetrically connected to the side wall of the second collecting plate, and the second hydraulic pump and the second hydraulic motor are symmetrically connected to the side wall of the fourth collecting plate;
the inlet of the low-pressure compressor is communicated with the atmosphere, the outlet of the low-pressure compressor is connected with the air inlet of the first confluence plate through a first switch valve, the exhaust port of the first confluence plate is connected with the high-pressure air inlet of the air storage tank through a second switch valve, the high-pressure air outlet of the air storage tank is connected with the air inlet of the third confluence plate through a third switch valve, the exhaust port of the third confluence plate is connected with the inlet of the low-pressure expander through a fourth switch valve, and the outlet of the low-pressure expander is communicated with the atmosphere;
the energy storage liquid in the cold storage device is lower than the ambient temperature, and the energy storage liquid in the heat storage device is higher than the ambient temperature; the outlet of the cold accumulation device is connected with the inlet of the second collecting plate through the first hydraulic pump, the outlet of the second collecting plate is connected with the inlet of the heat accumulation device through the first hydraulic motor, the outlet of the heat accumulation device is connected with the inlet of the fourth collecting plate through the second hydraulic pump, and the outlet of the fourth collecting plate is connected with the inlet of the cold accumulation device through the second hydraulic motor.
Preferably, the radiating pipes in the first array type radiating pipe and the second array type radiating pipe are arranged in a row or a fork.
Preferably, the low pressure compressor and the low pressure expander are of non-reciprocating construction of screw type, centrifugal type or axial type.
The invention is based on the compressed air energy storage method of the above-mentioned apparatus of a kind of heat accumulation and cold accumulation, including low-pressure compression process, gas-liquid pressure boost heat accumulation process, gas-liquid expansion cold accumulation process and low-pressure expansion process;
during energy storage, air enters the air storage tank after being subjected to low-pressure compression and gas-liquid pressurization heat storage processes to store energy;
a low-pressure compression process: atmosphere is sucked into a low-pressure compressor, and low-pressure air is obtained after air compression and is discharged;
the gas-liquid supercharging and heat storage process comprises the following steps:
(1) And (3) air inlet process: the first switch valve is opened, the second switch valve is closed, low-pressure air is filled into the compression-heat storage coupling compressor through the first collecting plate, the air pushes the energy storage liquid in the first array type heat dissipation pipe to move downwards, the energy storage liquid drives the first hydraulic motor to rotate, and the energy storage liquid with the temperature higher than the ambient temperature is discharged into the heat storage device;
(2) A compression heat storage process: the first switch valve and the second switch valve are closed, the first hydraulic pump injects energy storage liquid with the temperature lower than the ambient temperature into the compression-heat storage coupled compressor from the second collecting plate from the cold storage device, the liquid level in the first array radiating pipe rises to compress air, the temperature of the air in the first array radiating pipe rises along with the compression process, the air is contacted with the energy storage liquid and the first array radiating pipe, the compression heat in the air is transferred to the first array radiating pipe and the energy storage liquid through convective heat transfer, the contact area of the energy storage liquid and the first array radiating pipe is gradually increased along with the rise of the liquid level, the energy storage liquid transfers cold energy to the first array radiating pipe to reduce the temperature of the corresponding radiating pipe, the first array radiating pipe transfers heat to the energy storage liquid, the air is transferred to the energy storage liquid through compression heat, the temperature of the energy storage liquid rises, and most of the heat in the compression process is transferred to the energy storage liquid;
(3) And (3) an exhaust process: the first switch valve is closed, the second switch valve is opened, high-pressure air is discharged and charged into the air storage tank;
when releasing energy, high-pressure air in the air storage tank is discharged, and the stored energy is released through a gas-liquid expansion cold accumulation process and a low-pressure expansion process;
the gas-liquid expansion cold accumulation process comprises the following steps:
(1) And (3) air inlet process: the third switch valve is opened, the fourth switch valve is closed, high-pressure air is filled into the expansion-cold accumulation coupled expander from the air storage tank through the third confluence plate, and the energy storage liquid is discharged into the cold accumulation device by driving the second hydraulic motor to rotate;
(2) The expansion cold accumulation process: the third switch valve and the fourth switch valve are closed, the energy storage liquid with the temperature higher than the ambient temperature occupies most of the internal space of the expansion-cold storage coupled expander and is in contact with the second array radiating pipe and the air, the energy storage liquid transfers heat to the second array radiating pipe and the air to raise the temperature, along with the reduction of the air expansion temperature, the air transfers cold to the second array radiating pipe and the energy storage liquid through heat convection to lower the temperature, the cold of the air expansion is transferred to the energy storage liquid, the expansion pressure of the high-pressure air is reduced and the volume is increased, the energy storage liquid is pushed to move downwards, the second hydraulic motor is driven to rotate to release the energy stored in the high-pressure air, and most of the cold in the expansion process is transferred to the energy storage liquid;
(3) And (3) an exhaust process: the third switch valve is closed, the fourth switch valve is opened, the second hydraulic pump injects energy storage liquid with the temperature higher than the ambient temperature from the heat storage device into the fourth confluence plate, the expansion-cold storage coupled expansion machine is filled, and low-pressure air is discharged into the low-pressure expansion machine;
low-pressure expansion process: the low-pressure air drives the low-pressure expander to release the energy stored in the low-pressure air, and the air is expanded to obtain normal-pressure air to be discharged.
Through the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention introduces a compression-heat storage coupling type compressor and an expansion-cold storage coupling type expander, the heat exchange area is increased through an array type radiating pipe with large specific surface area, in the process of compression and heat storage, the energy storage liquid with the temperature lower than the ambient temperature transmits cold energy to a first array type radiating pipe and air during compression, so that the air is approximately compressed isothermally in the compression process, the compression efficiency is improved, the air convection heat transfer transfers the compression heat to the first array type radiating pipe and the energy storage liquid, the first array type radiating pipe transfers the compression heat to the energy storage liquid, most of the compression heat is absorbed by the energy storage liquid, and the energy storage liquid is stored in a heat storage device after the temperature is raised. In the inflation cold-storage in-process, the energy storage liquid that is higher than ambient temperature is to second array cooling tube and air transfer heat, the air expansion temperature reduces, energy storage liquid and second array cooling tube are to the air transfer heat, abandon the fuel concurrent heating, make the air inflation be close the isothermal expansion, improve the inflation efficiency, the cold volume transmission that the air convection heat transfer produced the inflation is to second array cooling tube and energy storage liquid, second array cooling tube transmits the cold volume of inflation to energy storage liquid, the cold volume that most inflation produced is absorbed by energy storage liquid, store in cold-storage device after the energy storage liquid temperature reduces.
The invention uses the energy storage liquid to store the heat generated by air compression, releases the stored heat during expansion, replaces combustion, enables the compression and expansion processes to be close to isothermal, improves the system efficiency, can reach higher pressure by using liquid compression, and reduces the storage volume required by air.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a compressed air energy storage system based on heat and cold storage according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a movement direction diagram of a low-pressure compression process and a gas-liquid pressurization heat storage process proposed by the invention;
FIG. 3 is the movement direction diagram of the low pressure expansion process and the gas-liquid expansion cold accumulation process proposed by the present invention;
in the figure:
1-atmosphere; 2-a low-pressure compressor; 3-a first on-off valve; 4-compression-regenerative coupled compressor; 4 a-a first bus bar; 4 b-a first array type radiating pipe; 4 c-a second bus bar; 5-energy storage liquid; 6-a second switch valve; 7-a first hydraulic motor; 8-a gas storage tank; 9-a thermal storage device; 10-a second hydraulic pump; 11-a third on/off valve; 12-expansion-cold storage coupled expander; 12 a-a third bus bar; 12 b-a second array type heat dissipation pipe; 12 c-a fourth bus bar; 13-a second hydraulic motor; 14-a cold storage device; 15-a first hydraulic pump; 16-a fourth switching valve; 17-low pressure expander.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.
Example (b):
as shown in fig. 1, the embodiment of the invention discloses a compressed air energy storage device based on heat and cold storage, which comprises a low-pressure compressor 2, a hydraulic pump, a compression-heat storage coupled compressor 4, a hydraulic motor, an air storage tank 8, a heat storage device 9, an expansion-cold storage coupled expander 12, a cold storage device 14 and a low-pressure expander 17.
The compression-heat storage coupling type compressor 4 consists of a first collecting plate 4a, a first array type radiating pipe 4b and a second collecting plate 4 c; the first array type radiating pipe 4b is composed of a plurality of radiating pipes which are identical in structure and connected in parallel, and the upper end and the lower end of the first array type radiating pipe are connected with the first collecting plate 4a and the second collecting plate 4c in series.
The expansion-cold storage coupled expander 12 is composed of a third bus plate 12a, a second array type radiating pipe 12b and a fourth bus plate 12 c; the second array type radiating pipe 12b is composed of a plurality of radiating pipes which have the same structure and are connected in parallel, and the upper end and the lower end of the second array type radiating pipe are connected in series with the third confluence plate 12a and the fourth confluence plate 12 c.
Further, the heat pipes in the first array type heat pipes 4b and the second array type heat pipes 12b are arranged in a row or a cross.
All be equipped with air inlet and gas vent on first cylinder manifold 4a and the third cylinder manifold 12a, air inlet and gas vent symmetry set up on the lateral wall of first cylinder manifold 4a, third cylinder manifold 12 a.
The first hydraulic pump 15 and the first hydraulic motor 7 are symmetrically connected to a side wall of the second manifold plate 4c, and the second hydraulic pump 10 and the second hydraulic motor 13 are symmetrically connected to a side wall of the fourth manifold plate 12 c.
The inlet of the low-pressure compressor 2 is communicated with atmosphere 1, the outlet of the low-pressure compressor is connected with the air inlet of a first confluence plate 4a through a first switch valve 3, the air outlet of the first confluence plate 4a is connected with the high-pressure air inlet of an air storage tank 8 through a second switch valve 6, the high-pressure air outlet of the air storage tank 8 is connected with the air inlet of a third confluence plate 12a through a third switch valve 11, the air outlet of the third confluence plate 12a is connected with the inlet of a low-pressure expander 17 through a fourth switch valve 16, and the outlet of the low-pressure expander 17 is communicated with atmosphere 1.
The energy storage liquid 5 in the cold storage device 14 is lower than the ambient temperature, and the energy storage liquid 5 in the heat storage device 9 is higher than the ambient temperature; the outlet of the cold accumulation device 14 is connected with the inlet of the second collecting plate 4c through a first hydraulic pump 15, the outlet of the second collecting plate 4c is connected with the inlet of the heat storage device 9 through a first hydraulic motor 7, the outlet of the heat storage device 9 is connected with the inlet of the fourth collecting plate 12c through a second hydraulic pump 10, and the outlet of the fourth collecting plate 12c is connected with the inlet of the cold accumulation device 14 through a second hydraulic motor 13.
Further, the low-pressure compressor 2 and the low-pressure expander 17 in the embodiment of the present invention are of non-reciprocating structures such as a screw type, a centrifugal type, or an axial flow type.
The embodiment of the invention is based on the compressed air energy storage method based on heat storage and cold storage of the device, and referring to fig. 2 and fig. 3, the method comprises a low-pressure compression process, a gas-liquid supercharging heat storage process, a gas-liquid expansion cold storage process and a low-pressure expansion process;
during energy storage, air enters the air storage tank 8 after being subjected to low-pressure compression and gas-liquid pressurization heat storage processes;
and (3) a low-pressure compression process: atmosphere 1 is sucked into a low-pressure compressor 2, and low-pressure air obtained after air compression is discharged;
the gas-liquid supercharging and heat storage process comprises the following steps:
(1) And (3) air inlet process: the first switch valve 3 is opened, the second switch valve 6 is closed, low-pressure air is filled into the compression-heat storage coupling type compressor 4 through the first collecting plate 4a, the air pushes the energy storage liquid 5 in the first array type radiating pipe 4b to move downwards, and the energy storage liquid 5 drives the first hydraulic motor 7 to rotate so as to discharge the energy storage liquid 5 with the temperature higher than the ambient temperature into the heat storage device 9;
(2) A compression heat storage process: the first switch valve 3 and the second switch valve 6 are both closed, the first hydraulic pump 15 injects energy storage liquid 5 with the temperature lower than the ambient temperature from the cold accumulation device 14 into the compression-heat accumulation coupled compressor 4 from the second confluence plate 4c, the liquid level in the first array radiating pipe 4b rises to compress air, the temperature of the air in the first array radiating pipe 4b rises along with the progress of the compression process, the air is contacted with the energy storage liquid 5 and the first array radiating pipe 4b, the compression heat in the air is transferred to the first array radiating pipe 4b and the energy storage liquid 5 through convective heat exchange, the contact area between the energy storage liquid 5 and the first array radiating pipe 4b is gradually increased along with the rise of the liquid level, the energy storage liquid 5 transfers cold to the first array radiating pipe 4b, the temperature of the corresponding radiating pipe is reduced, the first array radiating pipe 4b transfers heat to the energy storage liquid 5, the air is compressed and transferred to the energy storage liquid 5, the temperature of the energy storage liquid 5 rises, and most of the heat in the compression process is transferred to the energy storage liquid 5;
(3) And (3) an exhaust process: the first switch valve 3 is closed, the second switch valve 6 is opened, high-pressure air is discharged, and the high-pressure air is charged into the air storage tank 8;
when releasing energy, the high-pressure air in the air storage tank 8 is discharged, and the stored energy is released through a gas-liquid expansion cold accumulation process and a low-pressure expansion process;
the gas-liquid expansion cold accumulation process comprises the following steps:
(1) And (3) air inlet process: the third switch valve 11 is opened, the fourth switch valve 16 is closed, high-pressure air is filled into the expansion-cold storage coupling type expansion machine 12 from the air storage tank 8 through the third confluence plate 12a, and the energy storage liquid 5 is discharged into the cold storage device 14 by driving the second hydraulic motor 13 to rotate;
(2) The expansion cold accumulation process: the third switch valve 11 and the fourth switch valve 16 are both closed, the energy storage liquid 5 with the temperature higher than the ambient temperature occupies most of the internal space of the expansion-cold storage coupled expander 12 and is in contact with the second array radiating pipe 12b and the air, the energy storage liquid 5 transfers heat to the second array radiating pipe 12b and the air to raise the temperature, along with the reduction of the air expansion temperature, the air transfers cold to the second array radiating pipe 12b and the energy storage liquid 5 through convection heat exchange to lower the temperature, the cold of the air expansion is transferred to the energy storage liquid 5, the expansion pressure of the high-pressure air is reduced and the volume of the high-pressure air is increased, the energy storage liquid 5 is pushed to move downwards, the second hydraulic motor 13 is driven to rotate to release the energy stored in the high-pressure air, and most of the cold in the expansion process is transferred to the energy storage liquid 5;
(3) And (3) an exhaust process: the third switch valve 11 is closed, the fourth switch valve 16 is opened, the second hydraulic pump 10 injects the energy storage liquid 5 with the temperature higher than the ambient temperature from the heat storage device 9 from the fourth confluence plate 12c to fill the expansion-cold-storage coupled expander 12, and discharges low-pressure air into the low-pressure expander 17;
low-pressure expansion process: the low-pressure air drives the low-pressure expander 17 to release the energy stored in the low-pressure air, and the air is expanded to obtain normal-pressure air to be discharged.
By adopting the device and the method of the embodiment of the invention, the air works in two states of low pressure and high pressure, and when the air works in the low pressure, an industrial compressor and an expander are adopted; when air works at high pressure, the air has two working states of gas-liquid supercharging heat storage and gas-liquid expansion heat storage, in the gas-liquid supercharging heat storage process of the system, the air compression temperature in the first array type radiating pipe rises, the air and the first array type radiating pipe transfer compression heat to the energy storage liquid, the energy storage liquid flows into the heat storage device for storage after the temperature rises, and the high-pressure air enters the air storage tank after storing energy; high-pressure air in the air storage tank is discharged, the stored energy is released through the gas-liquid expansion heat storage process, the expansion temperature of air in the second array type radiating pipes is reduced, the air and the second array type radiating pipes transmit cold energy to the energy storage liquid, and the energy storage liquid flows into the cold storage device to be stored after the temperature of the energy storage liquid is reduced.
The invention uses the energy storage liquid to store the heat generated by air compression, releases the stored heat during expansion to replace fuel heat compensation, realizes zero carbon emission, simultaneously enables the compression and expansion processes to be close to isothermal, improves the efficiency of the compressed air energy storage system, can reach higher pressure by using liquid compression, reduces the storage volume required by air, reduces the cost of compressed air energy storage, and improves the storage economy.
The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other. The device disclosed by the embodiment corresponds to the method disclosed by the embodiment, so that the description is simple, and the relevant points can be referred to the method part for description.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (4)
1. A compressed air energy storage device based on heat storage and cold storage is characterized by comprising a low-pressure compressor, a hydraulic pump, a compression-heat storage coupling type compressor, a hydraulic motor, an air storage tank, a heat storage device, an expansion-cold storage coupling type expander, a cold storage device and a low-pressure expander;
the compression-heat storage coupling type compressor consists of a first collecting plate, a first array type radiating pipe and a second collecting plate; the first array type radiating pipes consist of a plurality of radiating pipes which have the same structure and are connected in parallel, and the upper ends and the lower ends of the radiating pipes are connected with the first bus plate and the second bus plate in series; the expansion-cold accumulation coupled expander consists of a third bus plate, a second array type radiating pipe and a fourth bus plate; the second array type radiating pipe is composed of a plurality of radiating pipes which are identical in structure and connected in parallel, and the upper end and the lower end of the second array type radiating pipe are connected with the third bus plate and the fourth bus plate in series;
the first bus bar and the third bus bar are respectively provided with an air inlet and an air outlet, and the air inlets and the air outlets are symmetrically arranged on the side walls of the first bus bar and the third bus bar; the first hydraulic pump and the first hydraulic motor are symmetrically connected to the side wall of the second collecting plate, and the second hydraulic pump and the second hydraulic motor are symmetrically connected to the side wall of the fourth collecting plate;
the inlet of the low-pressure compressor is communicated with the atmosphere, the outlet of the low-pressure compressor is connected with the air inlet of the first confluence plate through a first switch valve, the exhaust port of the first confluence plate is connected with the high-pressure air inlet of the air storage tank through a second switch valve, the high-pressure air outlet of the air storage tank is connected with the air inlet of the third confluence plate through a third switch valve, the exhaust port of the third confluence plate is connected with the inlet of the low-pressure expander through a fourth switch valve, and the outlet of the low-pressure expander is communicated with the atmosphere;
the energy storage liquid in the cold storage device is lower than the ambient temperature, and the energy storage liquid in the heat storage device is higher than the ambient temperature; the outlet of the cold accumulation device is connected with the inlet of the second confluence plate through the first hydraulic pump, the outlet of the second confluence plate is connected with the inlet of the heat accumulation device through the first hydraulic motor, the outlet of the heat accumulation device is connected with the inlet of the fourth confluence plate through the second hydraulic pump, and the outlet of the fourth confluence plate is connected with the inlet of the cold accumulation device through the second hydraulic motor.
2. The compressed air energy storage device based on heat and cold accumulation as claimed in claim 1, wherein the heat dissipation pipes in the first array type heat dissipation pipe and the second array type heat dissipation pipe are arranged in an in-line or in a staggered manner.
3. The compressed air energy storage device based on heat and cold storage as claimed in claim 1, wherein the low pressure compressor and the low pressure expander are in non-reciprocating structure of screw type, centrifugal type or axial flow type.
4. A compressed air energy storage method based on heat storage and cold storage is characterized by comprising a low-pressure compression process, a gas-liquid supercharging and heat storage process, a gas-liquid expansion cold storage process and a low-pressure expansion process;
during energy storage, air enters the air storage tank after being subjected to low-pressure compression and gas-liquid pressurization heat storage processes to store energy;
a low-pressure compression process: atmosphere is sucked into a low-pressure compressor, and low-pressure air is obtained after air compression and is discharged;
the gas-liquid pressurization heat storage process comprises the following steps:
(1) And (3) air inlet process: the first switch valve is opened, the second switch valve is closed, low-pressure air is filled into the compression-heat storage coupling compressor through the first collecting plate, the air pushes the energy storage liquid in the first array type heat dissipation pipe to move downwards, the energy storage liquid drives the first hydraulic motor to rotate, and the energy storage liquid with the temperature higher than the ambient temperature is discharged into the heat storage device;
(2) A compression heat storage process: the first switch valve and the second switch valve are closed, the first hydraulic pump injects energy storage liquid with the temperature lower than the ambient temperature into the compression-heat storage coupled compressor from the second collecting plate from the cold storage device, the liquid level in the first array radiating pipe rises to compress air, the temperature of the air in the first array radiating pipe rises along with the compression process, the air is contacted with the energy storage liquid and the first array radiating pipe, the compression heat in the air is transferred to the first array radiating pipe and the energy storage liquid through convective heat transfer, the contact area of the energy storage liquid and the first array radiating pipe is gradually increased along with the rise of the liquid level, the energy storage liquid transfers cold energy to the first array radiating pipe to reduce the temperature of the corresponding radiating pipe, the first array radiating pipe transfers heat to the energy storage liquid, the air is transferred to the energy storage liquid through compression heat, the temperature of the energy storage liquid rises, and most of the heat in the compression process is transferred to the energy storage liquid;
(3) And (3) an exhaust process: the first switch valve is closed, the second switch valve is opened, high-pressure air is discharged and charged into the air storage tank;
when releasing energy, high-pressure air in the air storage tank is discharged, and the stored energy is released through a gas-liquid expansion cold accumulation process and a low-pressure expansion process;
the gas-liquid expansion cold accumulation process comprises the following steps:
(1) And (3) air inlet process: the third switch valve is opened, the fourth switch valve is closed, high-pressure air is filled into the expansion-cold accumulation coupled expander from the air storage tank through the third confluence plate, and the energy storage liquid is discharged into the cold accumulation device by driving the second hydraulic motor to rotate;
(2) The expansion cold accumulation process: the third switch valve and the fourth switch valve are closed, the energy storage liquid with the temperature higher than the ambient temperature occupies most of the internal space of the expansion-cold storage coupled expander and is in contact with the second array radiating pipe and the air, the energy storage liquid transfers heat to the second array radiating pipe and the air to raise the temperature, along with the reduction of the air expansion temperature, the air transfers cold to the second array radiating pipe and the energy storage liquid through heat convection to lower the temperature, the cold of the air expansion is transferred to the energy storage liquid, the expansion pressure of the high-pressure air is reduced and the volume is increased, the energy storage liquid is pushed to move downwards, the second hydraulic motor is driven to rotate to release the energy stored in the high-pressure air, and most of the cold in the expansion process is transferred to the energy storage liquid;
(3) And (3) an exhaust process: the third switch valve is closed, the fourth switch valve is opened, the second hydraulic pump injects energy storage liquid with the temperature higher than the ambient temperature from the heat storage device into the fourth confluence plate, the expansion-cold storage coupled expansion machine is filled, and low-pressure air is discharged into the low-pressure expansion machine;
low-pressure expansion process: the low-pressure air drives the low-pressure expander to release the energy stored in the low-pressure air, and the air is expanded to obtain normal-pressure air to be discharged.
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