CN115263351B - Long-distance intelligent jacking pipe construction method for high-stress soft rock large roadway surrounding rock pressure relief roadway - Google Patents
Long-distance intelligent jacking pipe construction method for high-stress soft rock large roadway surrounding rock pressure relief roadway Download PDFInfo
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- CN115263351B CN115263351B CN202211044584.3A CN202211044584A CN115263351B CN 115263351 B CN115263351 B CN 115263351B CN 202211044584 A CN202211044584 A CN 202211044584A CN 115263351 B CN115263351 B CN 115263351B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/14—Layout of tunnels or galleries; Constructional features of tunnels or galleries, not otherwise provided for, e.g. portals, day-light attenuation at tunnel openings
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/003—Arrangement of measuring or indicating devices for use during driving of tunnels, e.g. for guiding machines
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/005—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries by forcing prefabricated elements through the ground, e.g. by pushing lining from an access pit
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/10—Making by using boring or cutting machines
- E21D9/108—Remote control specially adapted for machines for driving tunnels or galleries
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/10—Making by using boring or cutting machines
- E21D9/11—Making by using boring or cutting machines with a rotary drilling-head cutting simultaneously the whole cross-section, i.e. full-face machines
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
Abstract
The invention discloses a long-distance intelligent jacking pipe construction method for a high-stress soft rock roadway surrounding rock pressure relief roadway, and belongs to the field of high-stress soft rock roadway surrounding rock pressure relief. After a large tunnel is constructed in a high-stress soft rock area, a section chamber is made as an initial chamber at the position which is inward l from the vertical side part of the end of the large tunnel and the surrounding rock below the vertical bottom plate, and a section chamber is made as a receiving chamber at the position which is inward distance l from the surrounding rock of the side part of the large tunnel in a stress concentration area and the other end of the surrounding rock below the vertical bottom plate; three pressure relief roadways are constructed from the starting chamber to the receiving chamber along a jacking axis parallel to the main roadway by using a pipe jacking machine head and a plurality of small-caliber pipe jacking pipe joints connected end to end, wherein the three pressure relief roadways are a left wall surrounding rock long-distance pressure relief roadway positioned on the left side of the main roadway, a right wall surrounding rock long-distance pressure relief roadway positioned on the right side of the main roadway and a bottom plate surrounding rock long-distance pressure relief roadway positioned below the main roadway. The construction of the pressure relief lane can realize remote control, intelligent tunneling and one-step forming, and the tunneling speed of the pressure relief lane is greatly improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for constructing a long-distance intelligent jacking pipe of a surrounding rock pressure relief roadway of a high-stress soft rock large roadway, which is suitable for being used underground coal mines.
Background
At present, a heavy metal support, a steel pipe concrete passive support or a multi-layer anchor-shotcrete net cable-grouting and anchor frame-jetting combined support is mainly adopted for a high-stress soft rock roadway of a coal mine, but surrounding rocks of the high-stress soft rock roadway are prone to water seepage and mud-formation expansion, an anchoring structure is prone to failure, the roadway is prone to early deformation, long-term rheological and serious in damage, front excavation and rear repair and frequent repair are carried out, the investment cost is high, the maintenance effect is poor, the labor intensity of workers is high, the long-term stability control of the high-stress soft rock roadway is extremely difficult, and the safe and efficient production of the coal mine is severely restricted.
The surrounding rock pressure relief method is adopted to transfer the high stress of the shallow part of the surrounding rock of the high-stress soft rock roadway to the deep part, and the improvement of the surrounding rock stress environment is an effective means for controlling the surrounding rock of the high-stress soft rock roadway. At present, a slot and a large-diameter drilling hole are mainly used for pressure relief (the diameter of the drilling hole is about 90 to 120mm) in a high-stress soft rock roadway, but the large-diameter drilling hole of the soft rock has low hole forming rate and difficult hole forming. Because the axial distance of the high-stress soft rock roadway of the coal mine is long, generally ranges from hundreds of meters to thousands of meters, and the axial or radial construction grooving and pressure relief drilling of the roadway are numerous. However, the effective pressure relief space constructed by grooving and large-diameter drilling is small, the stress transfer effect of the surrounding rock is not obvious, and the effect of absorbing and compensating the volume expansion deformation of the surrounding rock by grooving or drilling space is poor, so that the stress environment of the surrounding rock cannot be effectively improved. In addition, the local structural integrity and the bearing capacity of surrounding rock at the shallow part of the roadway are artificially destroyed by pressure relief modes such as grooving, large-diameter drilling and the like, and the supporting difficulty of the surrounding rock is further increased. The traditional pressure relief modes such as grooving, large-diameter drilling and the like have huge engineering quantity and high labor intensity of workers, and are not beneficial to safe and efficient production of mines, personnel reduction, efficiency improvement and quality improvement.
If the pressure relief lane is arranged around the high stress soft rock roadway, the cross section of the pressure relief lane is far larger than the cross section space of pressure relief modes such as grooving, drilling and the like, so that the high stress at the shallow part of the surrounding rock of the roadway can be effectively transferred to the deep part, and the stress environment of the surrounding rock is improved. However, the traditional drilling and blasting method or fully mechanized excavation method for tunneling construction pressure relief roadways increases the labor intensity of workers, and is low in construction efficiency and slow in progress, so that the pressure relief roadways cannot be quickly constructed in a long distance. Therefore, an intelligent long-distance rapid construction method for the surrounding rock pressure relief roadway of the high-stress soft rock roadway is sought, the shallow part of the surrounding rock of the roadway is subjected to high stress transfer to the deep part, an effective pressure relief roadway space is constructed to absorb and compensate the volume expansion deformation of the surrounding rock, the structural integrity and the bearing capacity of the supporting surrounding rock of the shallow part of the roadway are not damaged, the long-term stability of the surrounding rock of the high-stress soft rock roadway is maintained, the labor intensity of construction workers of the surrounding rock pressure relief method is reduced, and the method is a key technical problem to be solved urgently in recent years in the control of the surrounding rock of the high-stress soft rock roadway.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the long-distance intelligent jacking pipe construction method for the surrounding rock pressure relief roadway of the high-stress soft rock is provided, the machine head and the small-caliber jacking pipe joint are jacked into the rock mass of the high-stress soft rock roadway in the stress concentration area through an intelligent jacking pipe machine, the small-caliber jacking pipe joint is jacked into the long-distance pressure relief roadway along the jacking axis parallel to the high-stress soft rock roadway at a single time, and the small-caliber jacking pipe can be recycled. The construction of the pressure relief roadway transfers the high stress of the shallow part of the surrounding rock of the high-stress soft rock main roadway to the deep part, the stress environment of the surrounding rock is optimized, the volume expansion deformation of the surrounding rock is compensated by the space absorption of the pressure relief roadway, the rheological phenomenon of the surrounding rock of the main roadway caused by long-term stress concentration is eliminated or reduced, the deformation amount of the high-stress soft rock main roadway is obviously reduced, the structural integrity and the bearing capacity of the supporting surrounding rock of the shallow part of the roadway are not damaged, the long-term stability of the surrounding rock of the high-stress soft rock main roadway is maintained, the repair or the reduction of the repair times of the high-stress soft rock main roadway is effectively avoided, the labor intensity of workers and the comprehensive cost of roadway maintenance are obviously reduced, and the safe and efficient production of a mine is ensured.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention discloses a long-distance intelligent jacking pipe construction method of a surrounding rock pressure relief roadway of a high-stress soft rock large roadwaylThe position of the tunnel and surrounding rock below the vertical bottom plate are made into a section chamber as an initial chamber, and the inward distance of the surrounding rock at the side of the large tunnel in the stress concentration arealThe other end of the surrounding rock below the vertical bottom plate and the position of the lower end of the surrounding rock are made into a section chamber as a receiving chamber; three pressure relief roadways are constructed from the starting chamber to the receiving chamber along a jacking axis parallel to the main roadway by using a pipe jacking machine head and a plurality of small-caliber pipe jacking pipe joints connected end to end, wherein the three pressure relief roadways are a left wall surrounding rock long-distance pressure relief roadway positioned on the left side of the main roadway, a right wall surrounding rock long-distance pressure relief roadway positioned on the right side of the main roadway and a bottom plate surrounding rock long-distance pressure relief roadway positioned below the main roadway.
Furthermore, the small-caliber jacking pipes are formed by a plurality of small-caliber jacking pipe joints which are connected end to end through pipe joint socket connectors, four grout outlets are arranged on the side wall of each small-caliber jacking pipe joint at equal intervals, a grouting sensor is arranged on each grout outlet, a grouting hose connected with each grout outlet is arranged in each small-caliber jacking pipe joint, and each small-caliber jacking pipe joint is of a diameterdIs 800 to 2000mm,lthe distance is 8 to 15m.
Further, one-time jacking length of long-distance pipe jacking construction of pressure relief roadwayL100 to 1000m; the small-caliber pipe jacking joints connected end to end adopt socket joint type connection, and the pipe jacking is carried outThe rear side of the machine head sequentially jacks a small-caliber pipe jacking joint to form a pressure relief lane, after the jacking of the first section of small-caliber pipe jacking joint is completed, the first section of small-caliber pipe jacking joint returns to the initial position, the second section of small-caliber pipe jacking joint is in socket joint connection with the first section of small-caliber pipe jacking joint, and a gluing coating is added at the joint to increase the sealing performance of the pipe joint.
Further, when the small-caliber jacking pipe is jacked in, the end part of the small-caliber jacking pipe is provided with a jacking pipe machine head, the end part of the jacking pipe machine head is provided with a cutter head, the cutter head is provided with a cutter head sensor and a slurry outlet, and the slurry outlet is connected with a slurry conveying pipe extending through the inside of the small-caliber jacking pipe.
The method for constructing the long-distance intelligent jacking pipe of the high-stress soft rock large roadway surrounding rock pressure relief roadway comprises the following specific steps:
s1, completing large roadway construction of a high-stress soft rock area, determining the position of a large roadway surrounding rock stress concentration area according to field measurement and numerical simulation, and enabling the position to be inward at the vertical side part of the end of the large roadway of the high-stress soft rocklMaking a section chamber at the position of 8-15m and surrounding rock below the vertical bottom plate as an initial chamber, and making the surrounding rock at the side part of a main roadway in a stress concentration area inwardslA section chamber is made at the position of 8 to 15m and the other end of the surrounding rock below the vertical bottom plate to serve as a receiving chamber, a rear supporting wall is built on one side back to the driving face, and a head of a pipe jacking machine is erected by means of the bearing capacity of the wall;
s2, installing the pipe jacking machine head and the small-caliber pipe jacking, hoisting and positioning in the originating chamber, and continuously grouting outside the small-caliber pipe jacking pipe by utilizing a jack to jack the pipe jacking machine head and the small-caliber pipe jacking pipe in the jacking process so as to form a slurry sleeve outside the pipe jacking machine head and the small-caliber pipe jacking pipe and reduce friction resistance;
s3, when a small-caliber jacking pipe is jacked along a jacking axis parallel to the high-stress soft rock large roadway, a slurry outlet of the small-caliber jacking pipe is used for discharging a chronic lubricant to the periphery along with the jacking process so as to form a slurry sleeve outside the small-caliber jacking pipe, so that the stratum is not in direct contact with the small-caliber jacking pipe joint, the friction force between the small-caliber jacking pipe and the surrounding stratum is changed from dry friction to wet friction, the contact between the small-caliber jacking pipe joint and a pipe joint-rock body of the stratum is changed into pipe-slurry contact, the friction resistance is reduced, meanwhile, the chronic lubricating slurry plays a role in supporting the stratum due to the thixotropy of the chronic lubricating slurry, and the chronic lubricant comprises bentonite, carboxymethyl cellulose, soda and water;
s4, sensing the pressure in front of the cutter head of the excavation route by a cutter head sensor arranged on the cutter head of the pipe pushing jack; collecting grouting pressure and slurry consumption by using a grouting sensor; a gyroscope and a laser sensor are arranged on the head of the push bench, and information of the inclination angle and the route offset distance of the head of the push bench is acquired;
s5, uploading data collected in work to a pipe jacking machine control system located on an industrial personal computer by a grouting sensor, a cutter head sensor and a jacking force sensor in an intelligent pipe jacking machine jack, determining whether a pipe jacking machine head and a small-caliber pipe jacking are in a normal working state or not by the pipe jacking machine control system according to real-time data, and actively correcting deviation if deviation occurs;
s6, after the construction of the left wall rock long-distance pressure relief roadway, the right wall rock long-distance pressure relief roadway and the bottom plate wall rock long-distance pressure relief roadway is completed, the machine head of the pipe jacking machine and the small-caliber pipe jacking pipe joints are recovered, and the steps from S1 to S6 are repeated to carry out the construction operation of the next pressure relief roadway;
and S7, after the small-caliber pipe jacking joint is recovered, the space formed by the left wall surrounding rock long-distance pressure relief roadway, the right wall surrounding rock long-distance pressure relief roadway and the bottom plate surrounding rock long-distance pressure relief roadway absorbs and compensates the volume expansion deformation of surrounding rocks around the large roadway, the shallow part of the high-stress soft rock surrounding rock is transferred to the deep part by the left wall surrounding rock long-distance pressure relief roadway, the right wall surrounding rock long-distance pressure relief roadway and the bottom plate surrounding rock long-distance pressure relief roadway around the large roadway, the surrounding rock stress environment is improved, the structural integrity and the bearing capacity of the shallow part of the roadway supporting surrounding rock are not damaged, the long-term stability of the high-stress soft rock surrounding rock is maintained, the high-stress soft rock large roadway is effectively prevented from being repaired or the repair frequency of the high-stress soft rock is reduced, the labor intensity of workers and the comprehensive cost of roadway maintenance are obviously reduced, and the safe and efficient production of mines is ensured.
Further, each part of the pipe jacking machine head: the cutter head, the sensor and the attitude sensing device arranged on the cutter head, the headstock, the main bearing, the main girder, the supporting device, the driving system, the hydraulic device and the back matching system are as follows: the heading machine hydraulic equipment, the power supply device, the slag discharging device, the cooling and dust preventing system and the guiding device establish a mathematical simulation model through computer simulation, and the information of cutter head pressure, jacking resistance of the pipe jacking machine, grouting pressure, grouting quantity, heading and footage speed, attitude and pipe jacking machine advancing route deviation obtained through the sensors is used as a sensing layer to be coupled with the RBF neural network model after training, so that the industrial personal computer and the PLC (programmable logic controller) which are packaged with the RBF neural network model after training participate in behavior autonomous judgment and automatic guiding, automatic deviation correction and abnormal working condition processing in the heading process of the intelligent pipe jacking machine.
Further, according to the field measurement and numerical simulation means, two sides of the tunnel and a stress concentration area of the bottom plate are determined, and an originating chamber and a receiving chamber serving as section chambers are constructed at the stress concentration position, so that the subsequent pipe-jacking construction pressure relief tunnel can be conveniently carried out.
Advantageous effects
The method can quickly construct the long-distance pressure relief roadway, the construction of the pressure relief roadway can realize remote control, autonomous tunneling and one-step forming, the tunneling speed of the pressure relief roadway is greatly improved, and the labor intensity of workers is obviously reduced. The high stress of the shallow part of the surrounding rock of the high-stress soft rock large roadway is transferred to the deep part in the construction of the pressure relief roadway, the volume expansion deformation of the surrounding rock is absorbed and compensated by the space of the pressure relief roadway, the long-distance continuous pressure relief can be realized, the deformation of the surrounding rock is obviously reduced, the shallow part support of the roadway, the structural integrity and the bearing capacity of the surrounding rock are not damaged, the long-term stability of the surrounding rock of the high-stress soft rock large roadway is maintained, the repair or repair times of the high-stress soft rock large roadway are effectively avoided, and the labor intensity of workers and the comprehensive cost of roadway maintenance are obviously reduced. In addition, the pipe joints of the jacking pipes can be recycled, and the investment of ore deposit cost is reduced.
The method adopts an intelligent pipe jacking machine, can automatically, quickly and long-distance construct the surrounding rock pressure relief roadway of the high-stress soft rock large roadway, can realize remote control, intelligent tunneling and one-step forming in the construction of the pressure relief roadway, has high construction speed and low labor intensity, does not damage the structural integrity and the bearing capacity of the supporting surrounding rock at the shallow part of the roadway, and is an effective method for improving the stress environment of the surrounding rock of the high-stress soft rock roadway, constructing effective space to absorb and compensate the volume expansion deformation of the surrounding rock and maintaining the long-term stability of the surrounding rock of the high-stress soft rock roadway.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a plan view of a surrounding rock pressure relief roadway arrangement method of a high-stress soft rock main roadway of the invention;
FIG. 2 isbase:Sub>A section view A-A ofbase:Sub>A surrounding rock pressure relief roadway arrangement method ofbase:Sub>A high-stress soft rock main roadway;
FIG. 3 is a schematic longitudinal section view of pipe jacking tunneling of a high-stress soft rock large roadway surrounding rock pressure relief roadway of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a B-B section of the high-stress soft rock main roadway surrounding rock pressure relief roadway in the top pipe tunneling process;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a machine head of the surrounding rock pressure relief roadway pipe jacking machine for the high-stress soft rock large roadway;
FIG. 6 is a sectional view of a pipe-jacking tunneling grouting port of a high-stress soft rock large roadway surrounding rock pressure relief roadway of the invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an RBF neural network of the high-stress soft rock large roadway surrounding rock pressure relief roadway pipe jacking tunneling intelligent control system.
In the figure: 1-high stress soft rock large roadway, 2-left wall surrounding rock long-distance pressure relief roadway, 3-right wall surrounding rock long-distance pressure relief roadway, 4-bottom plate surrounding rock long-distance pressure relief roadway, 5-intelligent pipe jacking machine, 6-initial collecting chamber, 7-receiving chamber, 8-high stress soft rock, 9-slurry outlet, 10-pipe jacking machine head, 11-slurry conveying pipe, 12-pipe joint socket joint connector, 13-slurry outlet, 14-slurry injection hose, 15-small-caliber pipe joint, 16-slurry sleeve, 17-slurry injection sensor, 18-cutter head sensor and 19-cutter head
Detailed description of the preferred embodiments
Embodiments of the invention are further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
as shown in fig. 1, fig. 2 and fig. 3, the invention provides a long-distance intelligent pipe jacking construction method for a high-stress soft rock roadway surrounding rock pressure relief roadway, which comprises the high-stress soft rock roadway, a left upper surrounding rock long-distance pressure relief roadway, a right upper surrounding rock long-distance pressure relief roadway, a bottom plate surrounding rock long-distance pressure relief roadway, an intelligent pipe jacking machine, a primary collecting chamber, a receiving chamber, high-stress soft rock, a slurry outlet, a pipe jacking machine head, a slurry conveying pipe, a pipe joint socket joint, a slurry outlet, a slurry injection hose, a small-caliber pipe jacking pipe joint, a slurry sleeve, a slurry injection sensor, a cutter head sensor and a cutter head. The method is characterized in that a gluing coating is added at the steel pipe joint to increase the sealing performance of the pipe joint, a grouting sensor is used for sensing the consumption condition and grouting pressure of a lubricant, a sensor on a cutter senses the stress condition of the cutter, and a pressure sensor on a jack is used for supporting decision jacking pressure, posture adjustment, grouting pressure and grouting amount of the intelligent pipe jacking machine.
The mud sleeve formed by bentonite, CMC (carboxymethyl cellulose), soda ash and water is pushed into the mud sleeve to wrap the pushed part in the mud sleeve, and dry friction is wet friction, so that the pipe-rock contact of the small-caliber pipe jacking joint and the stratum is changed into pipe-slurry contact, thereby playing a role in lubrication and reducing frictional resistance.
The intelligent long-distance pipe jacking rapid construction high-stress soft rock large roadway surrounding rock pressure relief roadway comprises a rear intelligent pipe jacking machine, a jacking small-caliber pipe jacking pipe joint, a connector, an injection port and various installed sensors. The intelligent pipe jacking machine needs to be arranged at the vertical upper part of the end of a large roadway inwardslAnd (4) making an underground chamber as an initial underground chamber at the position of 8 to 15m and surrounding rock below the vertical bottom plate. The intelligent tunneling control system of the pipe jacking machine is used for packaging a trained RBF neural network model industrial personal computer and a PLC (programmable logic controller) based on the problems and the countermeasure database generated in the construction process of the pipe jacking machine as a training set, and realizing the behavior autonomous judgment, the automatic guiding, the automatic deviation correction and the abnormal working conditions in the tunneling process of the intelligent pipe jacking machine. The pipe joint adopts the diameterdThe steel pipe is 800 to 2000mm, the steel pipe joints are in socket joint connection, and a glue coating can be added at the socket joint to ensure the sealing of the pipe joints. The lubrication fluid for reducing the pushing resistance is prepared from bentonite, CMC (carboxymethyl cellulose), sodium carbonate and water, and is used for grouting, and the preparation of the chronic lubricant is changed according to the field grouting and the pushing force monitoring conditions. And after the jacking is finished, recovering the small-caliber jacking pipe joint, and finishing the construction of the pressure relief roadway.
The implementation of the present invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings:
the method comprises the following steps:
s1 in high stress soft rockAfter the construction of the lane 1 is finished, determining a surrounding rock stress concentration area of the high-stress soft rock main lane 1 according to means such as field measurement, numerical simulation and the like, and inwards arranging at the vertical side part of the end of the high-stress soft rock main lane 1lA section chamber is made at the position of 8 to 15m and the surrounding rock below the vertical bottom plate to be used as an initial chamber 6, and the surrounding rock at the side part of the main roadway in the stress concentration area faces inwardslAnd a section chamber is made at the position of 8-15m and the other end of the surrounding rock below the vertical bottom plate to be used as a receiving chamber 7. And a rear supporting wall with certain bearing capacity is built on one side back to the tunneling surface, and jacking equipment such as a jack and the like is erected by means of the bearing capacity of the rear supporting wall.
S2, hoisting and positioning the pipe jacking machine head 10 and the subsequent small-caliber pipe jacking pipe joint 15, jacking the pipe jacking machine head 10 and the subsequent small-caliber pipe jacking pipe joint 15 by using a jack, and continuously grouting outside the pipe in the jacking process to form a slurry sleeve 16 and reduce friction resistance.
Firstly, pipe jacking equipment and equipment are transported to the position of an initial chamber 6 which is constructed in advance, hoisting in the initial chamber 6 is completed, and the diameter of the initial chamber is jacked on the basis of single pipe jackingdJacking the small-caliber jacking pipe joint 15 of 800-2000 mm into the high-stress soft rock 8 of the roadway side part and the bottom plate in the stress concentration area along the jacking axis parallel to the large roadway 1 according to the designed position by using a jack, selecting a corresponding cutter head cutter by a head 10 of the pipe jacking machine according to the conditions of the hardness, the abrasion condition and the like of stratum rocks, arranging a relay in the jacking route, and relieving the length of the roadwayLThe length is 100 to 1000m, the subsequent small-caliber pipe jacking pipe joints 15 are connected in a socket joint manner, the small-caliber pipe jacking pipe joints are sequentially jacked into the rear side of the pipe jacking machine head 10 to form a pressure relief lane, after jacking of the first section of steel pipe is completed, the first section of steel pipe is retracted to the initial position, the second section of steel pipe is in socket joint connection with the first section of steel pipe, a gluing coating can be added at the joint to increase the sealing performance of the pipe joints, as shown in figures 4 and 5,
s3, when jacking the jacking pipe along the jacking axis parallel to the high-stress soft rock roadway 1, in order to reduce jacking resistance, a slurry outlet 13 is arranged at the head of the pipe jacking machine and a subsequent small-caliber pipe jacking joint, and a chronic lubricant prepared from bentonite, CMC (carboxymethyl cellulose), sodium carbonate and water is injected to form a slurry sleeve 16, as shown in FIG. 6, the stratum 8 is not directly contacted with the small-caliber pipe jacking joint 15, the friction force between a pipeline and the surrounding stratum is changed from dry friction to wet friction, the pipe-rock contact between the small-caliber pipe jacking joint 15 and the stratum 8 is changed into pipe-slurry contact, and the friction resistance is reduced, and meanwhile, the chronic lubricating slurry can play a role in supporting the stratum due to thixotropy.
S4, the cutter head sensor 18 is arranged on the cutter head of the intelligent pipe jacking machine, so that the pressure in front of the cutter head 19 of the excavation route can be sensed; the grouting system is provided with a grouting sensor 17 which comprises a cutter head sensor and a slurry flow sensor and can acquire grouting pressure and slurry consumption; the pipe jacking machine head 10 is provided with a gyroscope and a laser sensor, and the inclination angle and the route offset distance of the pipe jacking machine head are acquired.
And S5, uploading the data collected in the jacking process to a push bench control system by the grouting hole 13, the cutter head 19 and a sensor of a jack on the rear intelligent push bench 5. The pipe jacking machine control system comprises an intelligent control system based on an RBF neural network model, a large database is established for problems and countermeasures occurring in the construction process of the pipe jacking machine, training samples in the database are used as a training set of the RBF neural network model after being subjected to normalization transformation, the RBF neural network model is trained by using the training set, and a network connection weight of a mapping relation is obtained after the training is finished, so that the intelligent tunneling control system can give an alarm and corresponding countermeasures according to information fed back by a grouting sensor 17 and a cutter head sensor 18, when an alarm is given out under abnormal working conditions in the excavation process, the difference between the actual conditions of the grouting sensor 17, the cutter head sensor 18 and a jacking force sensor of a jack and the prediction condition of the RBF neural network model is compared to obtain the variable quantity of the position of each sensor, the pipe jacking machine is compensated and rectified to ensure the smoothness of the excavation process, and is shown in figure 7;
s6, processing the parts of the pipe jacking machine head 10: the cutter head, a sensor, an attitude sensing device, a headstock, a main bearing, a main girder, a supporting device, a driving system, a hydraulic device and a rear matching system are arranged on the cutter head: a mathematical model is established by a hydraulic device, a power supply device, a slag discharging device, a cooling and dust preventing system and a guiding device of the tunneling machine, cutter head pressure, jacking resistance of the pipe jacking machine, grouting pressure, grouting amount, tunneling drilling speed, posture and route deviation information of all subordinate systems are used as sensing layers to be coupled with a trained RBF neural network model, and an industrial personal computer and a PLC (programmable logic controller) which are packaged with the trained RBF neural network model participate in behavior autonomous judgment and automatic guiding, automatic deviation correction and abnormal working conditions in the tunneling process of the intelligent pipe jacking machine.
The posture sensing device of the S7 push bench head mainly comprises a laser light source, a light target, a laser sensor and a gyroscope. Arranging a laser light source at a specific base point of the starting chamber, and enabling a laser beam to be incident on a light target arranged on a head of the push bench along a set route so as to monitor the deviation of the head of the push bench relative to the set jacking route; in addition, the pitch angle, the yaw angle and the rotation angle of the pipe jacking machine head relative to a given jacking route can be obtained through a gyroscope of which the pipe jacking machine is arranged in the pipe jacking machine head. Signals of the gyroscope and the laser sensor are sent to the industrial personal computer through the PLC in the pipe jacking machine head, and the industrial personal computer compares the current pipe jacking machine head posture with the normal machine head posture obtained by model prediction to obtain whether the working condition of the current pipe jacking machine head posture is abnormal or not.
S8, automatic deviation rectifying control and jacking force adjustment are achieved by obtaining the current machine head posture and jacking force of the pipe jacking machine through the posture sensing device and the jacking force sensing device and transmitting the current machine head posture and the jacking force to the industrial personal computer, the industrial personal computer compares the current machine head posture and the jacking force with the normal machine head posture and the jacking force obtained through model prediction, and therefore the stretching amount and the jacking force of the deviation rectifying oil cylinder are obtained, the stretching amount information and the jacking force are transmitted to the PLC, and the stretching of the deviation rectifying oil cylinder is achieved through the PLC to achieve adjustment of the machine head posture and the jacking force of the pipe jacking machine.
S9, the adjustment under the abnormal jacking resistance condition is realized by obtaining the current jacking force, grouting pressure and grouting amount of the push bench through the jacking force sensing device, the grouting pressure sensor and the grouting device and transmitting the current jacking force, the grouting pressure and the grouting amount to the industrial personal computer, the industrial personal computer compares the current jacking force, the grouting pressure and the grouting amount with the normal current jacking force, the grouting pressure and the grouting amount obtained by model prediction, so that the adjustment amount of the jacking force, the grouting pressure and the grouting amount is obtained, the adjustment amount of the jacking force, the grouting pressure and the grouting amount is transmitted to the PLC, and the adjustment of the jacking force and the grouting pressure and the grouting amount is realized through the PLC.
S10 sequentially jacking diameter according to the methoddAnd (4) jacking the small-caliber jacking pipe joint 15 of 800 to 2000mm until the required position is reached. And after the head of the pipe jacking machine is recovered, moving equipment such as the pipe jacking machine and the like, performing construction operation of the next pressure relief lane according to the steps, and recovering jacking equipment and the small-caliber pipe jacking pipe joints 15 in the pressure relief lanes 2, 3 and 4 after all the pressure relief lanes 2, 3 and 4 are constructed according to a preset plan.
And S11, after the small-caliber jacking pipe joint 15 is recovered, the expansion deformation of the volume of the surrounding rock is compensated by the space absorption of the pressure relief roadways 2, 3 and 4. The high-stress soft rock roadway surrounding rock long-term stability is maintained, the high-stress soft rock roadway repairing or repairing times are effectively avoided or reduced, the labor intensity of workers and the comprehensive cost of roadway maintenance are obviously reduced, and the safe and efficient production of a mine is ensured.
The scope of the present invention includes, but is not limited to, the above embodiments, and the present invention is defined by the appended claims, and any alterations, modifications, and improvements that may occur to those skilled in the art are all within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A method for constructing a long-distance intelligent jacking pipe of a high-stress soft rock large roadway surrounding rock pressure relief roadway is characterized by comprising the following steps of: when the construction of the large roadway (1) is completed in the high stress soft rock area, the vertical side part of the end head of the large roadway (1) is inwardlThe position of the tunnel and surrounding rock below the vertical bottom plate are made into a section chamber as an initial chamber (6), and the inward distance of the surrounding rock at the side part of a large tunnel in a stress concentration arealThe other end of the surrounding rock below the vertical bottom plate is made into a section chamber as a receiving chamber (7); small-caliber pipe jacking pipe utilizing head (10) of pipe jacking machine and a plurality of head-to-tail connected small-caliber pipe jacking pipesThe section (15) is constructed with three pressure relief roadways from the starting chamber (6) to the receiving chamber (7) along a jacking axis parallel to the main roadway, namely a left side surrounding rock long-distance pressure relief roadway (2) positioned on the left side of the main roadway (1), a right side surrounding rock long-distance pressure relief roadway (3) positioned on the right side of the main roadway (1) and a bottom plate surrounding rock long-distance pressure relief roadway (4) positioned below the main roadway (1);
the method comprises the following specific steps:
s1, completing construction of a large roadway (1) in a high-stress soft rock area, determining the position of a surrounding rock stress concentration area of the large roadway (1) according to field measurement and numerical simulation, and inwards arranging at the vertical side part of the end of the high-stress soft rock large roadway (1)lA section chamber is made at the position of 8 to 15m and surrounding rock below the vertical bottom plate to be used as an initial chamber (6), and the surrounding rock at the side part of the main roadway in the stress concentration area faces inwardslA section chamber is made at the position of 8 to 15m and the other end of the surrounding rock below the vertical bottom plate to serve as a receiving chamber (7), a rear supporting wall is built on one side back to the driving face, and a pipe jacking machine head (10) is erected by means of the bearing capacity of the rear supporting wall;
s2, installing a pipe jacking machine head (10) and the small-caliber pipe jacking, hoisting and positioning in the starting chamber (6), and continuously grouting outside the small-caliber pipe jacking by using a jack to jack the pipe jacking machine head (10) and the small-caliber pipe jacking in the jacking process, so that a slurry sleeve (16) is formed outside the pipe jacking machine head (10) and the small-caliber pipe jacking to reduce friction resistance;
s3, when a small-caliber jacking pipe is jacked along a jacking axis parallel to the high-stress soft rock large roadway (1), discharging a chronic lubricant to the periphery along with a jacking process through a slurry outlet (13) of the small-caliber jacking pipe mountain so as to form a slurry sleeve (16) outside the small-caliber jacking pipe, enabling a stratum (8) not to be in direct contact with a small-caliber jacking pipe joint (15), changing the friction force between the small-caliber jacking pipe and the peripheral stratum from dry friction to wet friction, changing the pipe joint-rock mass contact between the small-caliber jacking pipe joint (15) and the stratum (8) into pipe-slurry contact, reducing the friction resistance, and meanwhile, enabling the chronic lubricating slurry to play a role in supporting the stratum (8) due to the thixotropy of the chronic lubricating slurry, wherein the chronic lubricant comprises bentonite, carboxymethyl cellulose, soda and water;
s4, sensing the pressure in front of the cutter head (19) of the excavation route by a cutter head sensor (18) arranged on the cutter head (19) of the pipe pushing jack machine head (10); a grouting sensor (17) is used for collecting grouting pressure and slurry consumption; a gyroscope and a laser sensor are arranged on a head (10) of the push bench, and information of the inclination angle and the route offset distance of the head of the push bench is acquired;
s5, uploading data collected during working to a pipe jacking machine control system located on an industrial personal computer by a grouting sensor (17), a cutter head sensor (18) and a jacking force sensor in a jack of the intelligent pipe jacking machine (5), determining whether a pipe jacking machine head (10) and a small-caliber pipe jacking machine are in a normal working state or not by the pipe jacking machine control system according to real-time data, and actively correcting deviation if deviation occurs;
s6, after the construction of the left wall surrounding rock long-distance pressure relief roadway (2), the right wall surrounding rock long-distance pressure relief roadway (3) and the bottom plate surrounding rock long-distance pressure relief roadway (4) is completed, recovering a pipe jacking machine head (10) and a small-caliber pipe jacking pipe joint (15), and repeating the steps from S1 to S6 to perform the construction operation of the next pressure relief roadway;
s7, after the small-caliber pipe joint (15) is recovered, surrounding rock volume expansion deformation around the large roadway (1) is compensated through space absorption formed by the left wall surrounding rock long-distance pressure relief roadway (2), the right wall surrounding rock long-distance pressure relief roadway (3) and the bottom plate surrounding rock long-distance pressure relief roadway (4), the left wall surrounding rock long-distance pressure relief roadway (2), the right wall surrounding rock long-distance pressure relief roadway (3) and the bottom plate surrounding rock long-distance pressure relief roadway (4) around the large roadway transfer high stress at the shallow part of the surrounding rock of the high-stress soft rock large roadway to the deep part, surrounding rock stress environment is improved, structural integrity and bearing capacity of the supporting surrounding rock of the shallow part of the roadway are not damaged, long-term stability of the high-stress soft rock large roadway is maintained, repair of the high-stress soft rock large roadway is effectively avoided or repair times are reduced, labor intensity of workers and comprehensive maintenance cost are remarkably reduced, and safe and efficient production of a mine is ensured.
2. The method for constructing the high-stress soft rock large roadway surrounding rock pressure relief roadway long-distance intelligent jacking pipe according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the small-caliber jacking pipes are inserted and connected through pipe jointsThe small-caliber jacking pipe joint (15) is formed by connecting the connectors (12) end to end, the side wall of each small-caliber jacking pipe joint (15) is provided with four grout outlets (13) at equal intervals, the grout outlets (13) are provided with grouting sensors (17), a grouting hose (14) connected with each grout outlet (13) is arranged in each small-caliber jacking pipe joint (15), and the diameter of each small-caliber jacking pipe joint (15) is equal to that of each small-caliber jacking pipe joint (15)dIs 800 to 2000mm,lthe distance is 8 to 15m.
3. The method for constructing the high-stress soft rock large roadway surrounding rock pressure relief roadway long-distance intelligent jacking pipe according to claim 1, is characterized in that: one-time jacking length for long-distance pipe jacking construction of pressure relief roadwayL100 to 1000m; the small-caliber pipe jacking joints (15) connected end to end are connected in a socket joint manner, the small-caliber pipe jacking joints are sequentially jacked in the rear side of a machine head (10) of the pipe jacking machine to form a pressure relief roadway, after jacking of the first section of small-caliber pipe jacking joint (15) is completed, the pipe is returned to the initial position, the second section of small-caliber pipe jacking joint (15) is in socket joint with the first section of small-caliber pipe jacking joint (15), and a gluing coating is added at the joint to improve the sealing performance of the pipe joints.
4. The method for constructing the high-stress soft rock large roadway surrounding rock pressure relief roadway long-distance intelligent jacking pipe according to claim 1, is characterized in that: tip installation pipe-jacking machine aircraft nose (10) when small-bore push pipe jacking, pipe-jacking machine aircraft nose (10) tip are equipped with blade disc (19), are equipped with blade disc sensor (18) and sediment thick liquid outlet (9) on blade disc (19), and wherein sediment thick liquid outlet (9) are connected with through the inside sediment thick liquid conveyer pipe (11) that extends of small-bore push pipe.
5. The method for constructing the high-stress soft rock large roadway surrounding rock pressure relief roadway long-distance intelligent jacking pipe according to claim 1, is characterized in that: all parts of a pipe jacking machine head (10) are as follows: the cutter head, the sensor and the attitude sensing device arranged on the cutter head, the headstock, the main bearing, the main girder, the supporting device, the driving system, the hydraulic device and the back matching system are as follows: the heading machine hydraulic equipment, the power supply device, the slag discharging device, the cooling and dust preventing system and the guiding device establish a mathematical simulation model through computer simulation, and the information of cutter head pressure, jacking resistance of the pipe jacking machine, grouting pressure, grouting quantity, heading and footage speed, attitude and pipe jacking machine advancing route deviation obtained through the sensors is used as a sensing layer to be coupled with the RBF neural network model after training, so that the industrial personal computer and the PLC (programmable logic controller) which are packaged with the RBF neural network model after training participate in behavior autonomous judgment and automatic guiding, automatic deviation correction and abnormal working condition processing in the heading process of the intelligent pipe jacking machine.
6. The method for constructing the high-stress soft rock large roadway surrounding rock pressure relief roadway long-distance intelligent jacking pipe according to claim 1, is characterized in that: according to field measurement and numerical simulation means, two sides of the roadway and a stress concentration area of a bottom plate are determined, and an originating chamber (6) and a receiving chamber (7) which are used as section chambers are constructed at the stress concentration positions, so that the subsequent pipe-jacking construction pressure relief roadway can be conveniently developed.
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