CN115263351A - Long-distance intelligent jacking pipe construction method for high-stress soft rock large roadway surrounding rock pressure relief roadway - Google Patents
Long-distance intelligent jacking pipe construction method for high-stress soft rock large roadway surrounding rock pressure relief roadway Download PDFInfo
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/14—Layout of tunnels or galleries; Constructional features of tunnels or galleries, not otherwise provided for, e.g. portals, day-light attenuation at tunnel openings
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/003—Arrangement of measuring or indicating devices for use during driving of tunnels, e.g. for guiding machines
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/005—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries by forcing prefabricated elements through the ground, e.g. by pushing lining from an access pit
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/10—Making by using boring or cutting machines
- E21D9/108—Remote control specially adapted for machines for driving tunnels or galleries
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/10—Making by using boring or cutting machines
- E21D9/11—Making by using boring or cutting machines with a rotary drilling-head cutting simultaneously the whole cross-section, i.e. full-face machines
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
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Abstract
The invention discloses a long-distance intelligent jacking pipe construction method for a high-stress soft rock roadway surrounding rock pressure relief roadway, and belongs to the field of high-stress soft rock roadway surrounding rock pressure relief. After a large roadway is constructed in a high-stress soft rock area, a section chamber is made at the position, inwards of a vertical side part, of the end of the large roadway and at the surrounding rock below a vertical bottom plate to serve as an initial chamber, and a section chamber is made at the position, inwards away by a distance l, of the surrounding rock of the side part of the large roadway in a stress concentration area and at the other end of the surrounding rock below the vertical bottom plate to serve as a receiving chamber; three pressure relief roadways are constructed from the starting chamber to the receiving chamber along a jacking axis parallel to the main roadway by using a pipe jacking machine head and a plurality of small-caliber pipe jacking pipe joints connected end to end, wherein the three pressure relief roadways are a left wall surrounding rock long-distance pressure relief roadway positioned on the left side of the main roadway, a right wall surrounding rock long-distance pressure relief roadway positioned on the right side of the main roadway and a bottom plate surrounding rock long-distance pressure relief roadway positioned below the main roadway. The construction of the pressure relief lane can realize remote control, intelligent tunneling and one-step forming, and the tunneling speed of the pressure relief lane is greatly improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for constructing a long-distance intelligent jacking pipe of a surrounding rock pressure relief roadway of a high-stress soft rock large roadway, which is suitable for being used underground coal mines.
Background
At present, a heavy metal support, a steel pipe concrete passive support or a multi-layer anchor-shotcrete net cable-grouting and anchor frame-jetting combined support is mainly adopted for a high-stress soft rock roadway of a coal mine, but surrounding rocks of the high-stress soft rock roadway are prone to water seepage and mud-formation expansion, an anchoring structure is prone to failure, the roadway is prone to early deformation, long-term rheological and serious in damage, front excavation and rear repair and frequent repair are carried out, the investment cost is high, the maintenance effect is poor, the labor intensity of workers is high, the long-term stability control of the high-stress soft rock roadway is extremely difficult, and the safe and efficient production of the coal mine is severely restricted.
The method for relieving the pressure of the surrounding rock is adopted, the high stress at the shallow part of the surrounding rock of the high-stress soft rock roadway is transferred to the deep part, and the improvement of the stress environment of the surrounding rock is an effective means for controlling the surrounding rock of the high-stress soft rock roadway. At present, a cutting groove and a large-diameter drilling hole are mainly adopted for pressure relief (the diameter of the drilling hole is about 90-120 mm) in a high-stress soft rock roadway, but the large-diameter drilling hole of the soft rock has low hole forming rate and difficult hole forming. Because the axial distance of the high-stress soft rock roadway of the coal mine is long, generally ranges from hundreds of meters to thousands of meters, and the axial or radial construction grooving and pressure relief drilling of the roadway are numerous. However, the effective pressure relief space constructed by grooving and large-diameter drilling is small, the stress transfer effect of the surrounding rock is not obvious, and the effect of absorbing and compensating the volume expansion deformation of the surrounding rock by grooving or drilling space is poor, so that the stress environment of the surrounding rock cannot be effectively improved. In addition, the local structural integrity and the bearing capacity of surrounding rock at the shallow part of the roadway are artificially destroyed by pressure relief modes such as grooving, large-diameter drilling and the like, and the supporting difficulty of the surrounding rock is further increased. The traditional pressure relief modes such as grooving, major diameter drilling and the like have huge engineering quantity and high labor intensity of workers, and are not beneficial to safe and efficient production of mines, personnel reduction, efficiency improvement and quality improvement.
If the pressure relief lane is arranged around the high-stress soft rock roadway, the cross section of the pressure relief lane is far larger than the cross section space of pressure relief modes such as grooving, drilling and the like, so that the shallow part high stress of the surrounding rock of the roadway can be effectively transferred to the deep part, and the surrounding rock stress environment is improved. However, the traditional drilling and blasting method or fully mechanized excavation method for tunneling construction pressure relief roadways increases the labor intensity of workers, and is low in construction efficiency and slow in progress, so that the pressure relief roadways cannot be quickly constructed in a long distance. Therefore, an intelligent long-distance rapid construction method for the surrounding rock pressure relief roadway of the high-stress soft rock roadway is sought, the shallow part of the surrounding rock of the roadway is subjected to high stress transfer to the deep part, an effective pressure relief roadway space is constructed to absorb and compensate the volume expansion deformation of the surrounding rock, the structural integrity and the bearing capacity of the supporting surrounding rock of the shallow part of the roadway are not damaged, the long-term stability of the surrounding rock of the high-stress soft rock roadway is maintained, the labor intensity of construction workers of the surrounding rock pressure relief method is reduced, and the method is a key technical problem to be solved urgently in recent years in the control of the surrounding rock of the high-stress soft rock roadway.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the long-distance intelligent jacking pipe construction method for the surrounding rock pressure relief roadway of the high-stress soft rock is provided, the machine head and the small-caliber jacking pipe joints are jacked into the rock mass of the high-stress soft rock roadway in the stress concentration area through the intelligent jacking pipe machine, the small-caliber jacking pipe joints are jacked into the long-distance pressure relief roadway along the jacking axis parallel to the high-stress soft rock roadway at a single time, and the small-caliber jacking pipes can be recycled. The construction of the pressure relief lane transfers the high stress of the shallow part of the surrounding rock of the high-stress soft rock large lane to the deep part, the stress environment of the surrounding rock is optimized, the volume expansion deformation of the surrounding rock is compensated by the space absorption of the pressure relief lane, the rheological phenomenon of the surrounding rock of the large lane caused by long-term stress concentration is eliminated or reduced, the deformation of the high-stress soft rock large lane is obviously reduced, the structural integrity and the bearing capacity of the supporting surrounding rock of the shallow part of the lane are not damaged, the long-term stability of the surrounding rock of the high-stress soft rock large lane is maintained, the repair of the high-stress soft rock large lane or the repair times are effectively avoided, the labor intensity of workers and the comprehensive cost of roadway maintenance are obviously reduced, and the safe and efficient production of a mine is ensured.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention relates to a long-distance intelligent push pipe construction method of a surrounding rock pressure relief roadway of a high-stress soft rock, which is characterized in that after the construction of the large roadway in a high-stress soft rock area is completed, a section chamber is made as an originating chamber at the inward l-shaped position of a vertical wall part of the end of the large roadway and the surrounding rock below a vertical bottom plate, and a section chamber is made as a receiving chamber at the inward l-shaped position of the surrounding rock of the wall part of the large roadway in a stress concentration area and at the other end of the surrounding rock below the vertical bottom plate; three pressure relief roadways are constructed from the starting chamber to the receiving chamber along a jacking axis parallel to the main roadway by using a pipe jacking machine head and a plurality of small-caliber pipe jacking pipe joints connected end to end, wherein the three pressure relief roadways are a left wall surrounding rock long-distance pressure relief roadway positioned on the left side of the main roadway, a right wall surrounding rock long-distance pressure relief roadway positioned on the right side of the main roadway and a bottom plate surrounding rock long-distance pressure relief roadway positioned below the main roadway.
Furthermore, the small-caliber jacking pipe is composed of a plurality of small-caliber jacking pipe joints which are connected end to end through pipe joint socket connectors, four grout outlets are arranged on the side wall of each small-caliber jacking pipe joint at equal intervals, a grouting sensor is arranged on each grout outlet, a grouting hose connected with each grout outlet is arranged in each small-caliber jacking pipe joint, the diameter d of each small-caliber jacking pipe joint is 800-2000mm, and the distance l is 8-15 m.
Further, the one-time jacking length L of long-distance pipe jacking construction of the pressure relief roadway is 100-1000 m; the small-caliber pipe jacking joints connected end to end are connected in a socket joint manner, the small-caliber pipe jacking joints are sequentially jacked in the rear side of the head of the pipe jacking machine to form a pressure relief lane, after the jacking of the first section of the small-caliber pipe jacking joint is completed, the pipe jacking machine returns to the initial position, the second section of the small-caliber pipe jacking joint is in socket joint connection with the first section of the small-caliber pipe jacking joint, and a gluing coating is added at the joint to improve the sealing performance of the pipe joints.
Furthermore, the rear push bench head is arranged at the end part of the small-caliber push bench during jacking, a cutter head is arranged at the end part of the push bench head, a cutter head sensor and a slurry outlet are arranged on the cutter head, and the slurry outlet is connected with a slurry conveying pipe extending through the inside of the small-caliber push bench.
The method for constructing the long-distance intelligent jacking pipe of the high-stress soft rock main roadway surrounding rock pressure relief roadway comprises the following specific steps:
s1, completing large roadway construction of a high-stress soft rock area, determining the position of a large roadway surrounding rock stress concentration area according to field measurement and numerical simulation, making a section chamber as an originating chamber at the position of 8-15 m inward l of a vertical upper part of a high-stress soft rock large roadway end head and surrounding rock below a vertical bottom plate, making a section chamber as a receiving chamber at the position of 8-15 m inward l of the large roadway upper part surrounding rock at the stress concentration area and the other end of the surrounding rock below the vertical bottom plate, building a rear supporting wall at one side back to a driving surface, and erecting a pipe jacking machine head by means of the bearing capacity of the rear supporting wall;
s2, installing a machine head of the pipe jacking machine and the small-caliber pipe jacking and hoisting and positioning in the originating chamber, and continuously grouting outside the small-caliber pipe jacking by using the jacking pipe jacking machine head and the small-caliber pipe jacking through a jack in the jacking process so as to form a slurry sleeve outside the machine head of the pipe jacking machine and the small-caliber pipe jacking and reduce the friction resistance;
s3, when a small-caliber jacking pipe is jacked along a jacking axis parallel to the high-stress soft rock large roadway, a slurry outlet of the small-caliber jacking pipe is used for discharging a chronic lubricant to the periphery along with the jacking process so as to form a slurry sleeve outside the small-caliber jacking pipe, so that the stratum is not in direct contact with the small-caliber jacking pipe joint, the friction force between the small-caliber jacking pipe and the surrounding stratum is changed from dry friction to wet friction, the contact between the small-caliber jacking pipe joint and a pipe joint-rock body of the stratum is changed into pipe-slurry contact, the friction resistance is reduced, meanwhile, the chronic lubricating slurry plays a role in supporting the stratum due to the thixotropy of the chronic lubricating slurry, and the chronic lubricant comprises bentonite, carboxymethyl cellulose, soda and water;
s4, sensing the pressure in front of the cutter head of the excavation route by a cutter head sensor arranged on the cutter head of the pipe pushing jack; collecting grouting pressure and slurry consumption by using a grouting sensor; the head of the push bench is provided with a gyroscope and a laser sensor, and the information of the inclination angle and the route offset distance of the head of the push bench is acquired;
s5, uploading data collected in work to a pipe jacking machine control system located on an industrial personal computer by a grouting sensor, a cutter head sensor and a jacking force sensor in an intelligent pipe jacking machine jack, determining whether a pipe jacking machine head and a small-caliber pipe jacking are in a normal working state or not by the pipe jacking machine control system according to real-time data, and actively correcting deviation if deviation occurs;
s6, after the construction of the left wall surrounding rock long-distance pressure relief lane, the right wall surrounding rock long-distance pressure relief lane and the bottom plate surrounding rock long-distance pressure relief lane is completed, recovering the machine head of the pipe jacking machine and the small-caliber pipe jacking joint, and repeating the steps S1-S6 to perform the construction operation of the next pressure relief lane;
and S7, after the small-caliber pipe jacking joint is recovered, the space formed by the left wall surrounding rock long-distance pressure relief roadway, the right wall surrounding rock long-distance pressure relief roadway and the bottom plate surrounding rock long-distance pressure relief roadway absorbs and compensates the volume expansion deformation of surrounding rocks around the large roadway, the shallow part of the high-stress soft rock surrounding rock is transferred to the deep part by the left wall surrounding rock long-distance pressure relief roadway, the right wall surrounding rock long-distance pressure relief roadway and the bottom plate surrounding rock long-distance pressure relief roadway around the large roadway, the surrounding rock stress environment is improved, the structural integrity and the bearing capacity of the shallow part of the roadway supporting surrounding rock are not damaged, the long-term stability of the high-stress soft rock surrounding rock is maintained, the high-stress soft rock large roadway is effectively prevented from being repaired or the repair frequency of the high-stress soft rock is reduced, the labor intensity of workers and the comprehensive cost of roadway maintenance are obviously reduced, and the safe and efficient production of mines is ensured.
Further, each part of the pipe jacking machine head: the sensor and the attitude sensing device arranged on the cutter head and the cutter head, the machine head frame, the main bearing, the main girder, the supporting device, the driving system, the hydraulic device and the back matching system are as follows: the heading machine hydraulic equipment, the power supply device, the slag discharging device, the cooling and dust preventing system and the guiding device establish a mathematical simulation model through computer simulation, and the information of cutter head pressure, jacking resistance of the pipe jacking machine, grouting pressure, grouting quantity, heading and footage speed, attitude and pipe jacking machine advancing route deviation obtained through the sensors is used as a sensing layer to be coupled with the RBF neural network model after training, so that the industrial personal computer and the PLC (programmable logic controller) which are packaged with the RBF neural network model after training participate in behavior autonomous judgment and automatic guiding, automatic deviation correction and abnormal working condition processing in the heading process of the intelligent pipe jacking machine.
Further, according to the field measurement and numerical simulation means, two sides of the tunnel and a stress concentration area of the bottom plate are determined, and an originating chamber and a receiving chamber serving as section chambers are constructed at the stress concentration position, so that the subsequent pipe-jacking construction pressure relief tunnel can be conveniently carried out.
Advantageous effects
The method can quickly construct the long-distance pressure relief roadway, the construction of the pressure relief roadway can realize remote control, autonomous tunneling and one-step forming, the tunneling speed of the pressure relief roadway is greatly improved, and the labor intensity of workers is obviously reduced. The high stress of the shallow part of the surrounding rock of the high-stress soft rock large roadway is transferred to the deep part in the construction of the pressure relief roadway, the volume expansion deformation of the surrounding rock is absorbed and compensated by the space of the pressure relief roadway, the long-distance continuous pressure relief can be realized, the deformation of the surrounding rock is obviously reduced, the shallow part support of the roadway, the structural integrity and the bearing capacity of the surrounding rock are not damaged, the long-term stability of the surrounding rock of the high-stress soft rock large roadway is maintained, the repair or repair times of the high-stress soft rock large roadway are effectively avoided, and the labor intensity of workers and the comprehensive cost of roadway maintenance are obviously reduced. In addition, the pipe joints of the jacking pipes can be recycled, and the investment of ore deposit cost is reduced.
The method adopts an intelligent pipe jacking machine, can independently, quickly and long-distance construct the surrounding rock pressure relief roadway of the high-stress soft rock large roadway, can realize remote control, intelligent tunneling and one-step forming during construction of the pressure relief roadway, has high construction speed and low labor intensity, does not damage the structural integrity and the bearing capacity of the supporting surrounding rock at the shallow part of the roadway, and is an effective method for improving the stress environment of the surrounding rock of the high-stress soft rock roadway, constructing effective space to absorb and compensate the volume expansion deformation of the surrounding rock and maintaining the long-term stability of the surrounding rock of the high-stress soft rock roadway.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a plan view of a surrounding rock pressure relief roadway arrangement method of a high-stress soft rock main roadway of the invention;
FIG. 2 isbase:Sub>A section view A-A ofbase:Sub>A surrounding rock pressure relief roadway arrangement method ofbase:Sub>A high-stress soft rock main roadway;
FIG. 3 is a schematic longitudinal section view of pipe jacking tunneling of a high-stress soft rock large roadway surrounding rock pressure relief roadway of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a B-B section of the high-stress soft rock large roadway surrounding rock pressure relief roadway pipe jacking tunneling;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a head of a high-stress soft rock large roadway surrounding rock pressure relief roadway pipe jacking machine of the invention;
FIG. 6 is a sectional view of a pipe-jacking tunneling grouting port of a high-stress soft rock large roadway surrounding rock pressure relief roadway of the invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an RBF neural network of the high-stress soft rock large roadway surrounding rock pressure relief roadway pipe jacking tunneling intelligent control system.
In the figure: 1-high stress soft rock large roadway, 2-left wall surrounding rock long-distance pressure relief roadway, 3-right wall surrounding rock long-distance pressure relief roadway, 4-bottom plate surrounding rock long-distance pressure relief roadway, 5-intelligent pipe jacking machine, 6-initial collecting chamber, 7-receiving chamber, 8-high stress soft rock, 9-slurry outlet, 10-pipe jacking machine head, 11-slurry conveying pipe, 12-pipe joint socket joint connector, 13-slurry outlet, 14-slurry injection hose, 15-small-caliber pipe joint, 16-slurry sleeve, 17-slurry injection sensor, 18-cutter head sensor and 19-cutter head
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the invention are further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
the invention provides a long-distance intelligent pipe-jacking construction method for a surrounding rock pressure-relief roadway of a high-stress soft rock large roadway, which comprises the high-stress soft rock large roadway, a left surrounding rock long-distance pressure-relief roadway, a right surrounding rock long-distance pressure-relief roadway, a bottom plate surrounding rock long-distance pressure-relief roadway, an intelligent pipe-jacking machine, an initial collecting chamber, a receiving chamber, the high-stress soft rock, a slurry outlet, a pipe-jacking machine head, a slurry conveying pipe, a pipe joint socket joint connector, a slurry outlet, a slurry hose, a small-caliber pipe-jacking pipe joint, a slurry sleeve, a slurry sensor, a cutter head sensor and a cutter head. The steel pipe joint is provided with a bonding coating to increase the sealing performance of the pipe joint, the consumption condition and the grouting pressure of a lubricant are sensed through a grouting sensor, the stress condition of a cutter head is sensed through a sensor on the cutter head, and support is provided for decision jacking pressure, posture adjustment, grouting pressure and grouting quantity of the intelligent pipe jacking machine through a pressure sensor on a jack and the like.
The mud sleeve formed by bentonite, CMC (carboxymethyl cellulose), soda ash and water is pushed into the mud sleeve to wrap the pushed part in the mud sleeve, and dry friction is wet friction, so that the pipe-rock contact of the small-caliber pipe jacking joint and the stratum is changed into pipe-slurry contact, thereby playing a role in lubrication and reducing frictional resistance.
The intelligent long-distance pipe jacking rapid construction high-stress soft rock large roadway surrounding rock pressure relief roadway comprises a rear intelligent pipe jacking machine, a jacking small-caliber pipe jacking pipe joint, a connector, an injection port and various installed sensors. The intelligent pipe jacking machine needs to be used as an initiating chamber at a position where the inward l of the vertical upper part of the end of the large roadway is 8-15 m and surrounding rock below a vertical bottom plate. The intelligent tunneling control system of the pipe jacking machine is based on the fact that a problem and countermeasure database occurring in the construction process of the pipe jacking machine is used as a training set, a RBF neural network model industrial personal computer and a PLC (programmable logic controller) are packaged after training is completed, and the behavior of the intelligent pipe jacking machine can be automatically judged, automatically guided, automatically corrected and abnormally operated in the tunneling process. The pipe joints are made of steel pipes with the diameter d of 800-2000 mm, the steel pipe joints are in socket joint connection, and a gluing coating can be added at the socket joint to ensure the sealing of the pipe joints. The lubrication fluid for reducing the pushing resistance is prepared from bentonite, CMC (carboxymethyl cellulose), sodium carbonate and water, and is used for grouting, and the preparation of the chronic lubricant is changed according to the field grouting and the pushing force monitoring conditions. And after the jacking is finished, recovering the small-caliber jacking pipe joint, and finishing the construction of the pressure relief roadway.
The implementation of the present invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings:
the method comprises the following steps:
s1, after the construction of the high-stress soft rock roadway 1 is completed, determining a surrounding rock stress concentration area of the high-stress soft rock roadway 1 according to means such as site measurement, numerical simulation and the like, making a section chamber as an initial chamber 6 at a position where the inward l of the vertical side part of the end of the high-stress soft rock roadway 1 is 8-15 m and the surrounding rock below the vertical bottom plate, and making a section chamber as a receiving chamber 7 at a position where the inward l of the surrounding rock of the side part of the high roadway in the stress concentration area is 8-15 m and the other end of the surrounding rock below the vertical bottom plate. And a rear supporting wall with certain bearing capacity is built on one side back to the tunneling surface, and jacking equipment such as a jack and the like is erected by means of the bearing capacity of the rear supporting wall.
S2, hoisting and positioning the pipe jacking machine head 10 and the subsequent small-caliber pipe jacking pipe joint 15, jacking the pipe jacking machine head 10 and the subsequent small-caliber pipe jacking pipe joint 15 by using a jack, and continuously grouting outside the pipe in the jacking process to form a slurry sleeve 16 and reduce friction resistance.
Firstly transporting pipe jacking equipment and equipment to a pre-constructed starting chamber 6, completing hoisting in the starting chamber 6, jacking a small-caliber pipe jacking pipe joint 15 with the diameter d of 800-2000 mm into a roadway side part and a stratum 8 with a bottom plate in a stress concentration area along a jacking axis parallel to a large roadway 1 by using a jack according to a designed position on the basis of single-pipe jacking, selecting a corresponding cutter head cutter according to conditions such as hardness and abrasion of stratum rocks by a pipe jacking machine head 10, arranging a relay room in a jacking route, wherein the length L of a pressure relief roadway is 100-1000 m, the subsequent small-caliber pipe joints 15 are connected in a socket joint manner, sequentially jacking the small-caliber pipe joints at the rear side of the pipe jacking machine head 10 to form a pressure relief roadway, retreating to an initial position after the jacking of a first section of steel pipe, socket joint connection between a second section of steel pipe and the first section of steel pipe, and a gluing coating can be added at the joint to increase the sealing performance of the pipe joints, as shown in figures 4 and 5,
s3, when jacking the jacking pipe along the jacking axis parallel to the high-stress soft rock roadway 1, in order to reduce jacking resistance, a lubricant injection port 13 is arranged on the head of the pipe jacking machine and a subsequent small-caliber pipe jacking joint, and a chronic lubricant prepared from bentonite, CMC (carboxymethyl cellulose), sodium carbonate and water is injected to form a slurry sleeve 16, as shown in FIG. 6, the stratum 8 is not directly contacted with the small-caliber pipe jacking joint 15, the friction force between the pipeline and the surrounding stratum is changed from dry friction to wet friction, the pipe-rock contact between the small-caliber pipe jacking joint 15 and the stratum 8 is changed into pipe-slurry contact, the friction resistance is reduced, and meanwhile, the chronic lubricating slurry can play a role in supporting the stratum due to thixotropy.
S4, the cutter head sensor 18 is arranged on the cutter head of the intelligent pipe jacking machine, so that the pressure in front of the cutter head 19 of the excavation route can be sensed; the grouting system is provided with a grouting sensor 17 which comprises a cutter head sensor and a slurry flow sensor and can acquire grouting pressure and slurry consumption; the pipe jacking machine head 10 is provided with a gyroscope and a laser sensor, and the inclination angle and the route offset distance of the pipe jacking machine head are acquired.
And S5, uploading data collected in the jacking process to a push bench control system by the grouting hole 13, the cutter head 19 and a sensor of a jack on the intelligent push bench 5 behind. The pipe jacking machine control system comprises an intelligent control system based on an RBF neural network model, a large database is established for problems and countermeasures occurring in the construction process of the pipe jacking machine, training samples in the database are used as a training set of the RBF neural network model after being subjected to normalization transformation, the RBF neural network model is trained by using the training set, and a network connection weight of a mapping relation is obtained after the training is finished, so that the intelligent tunneling control system can give an alarm and corresponding countermeasures according to information fed back by a grouting sensor 17 and a cutter head sensor 18, when an alarm is given out under abnormal working conditions in the excavation process, the difference between the actual conditions of the grouting sensor 17, the cutter head sensor 18 and a jacking force sensor of a jack and the prediction condition of the RBF neural network model is compared to obtain the variable quantity of the position of each sensor, the pipe jacking machine is compensated and rectified to ensure the smoothness of the excavation process, and is shown in figure 7;
s6, processing the parts of the pipe jacking machine head 10: the cutter head, a sensor, an attitude sensing device, a headstock, a main bearing, a main girder, a supporting device, a driving system, a hydraulic device and a rear matching system are arranged on the cutter head: the method comprises the steps that a mathematical model is established by a hydraulic device, a power supply device, a slag discharging device, a cooling and dust preventing system and a guiding device of the tunneling machine, cutter head pressure, jacking resistance of the pipe jacking machine, grouting pressure, grouting amount, tunneling advancing speed, posture and route deviation information of all subordinate systems are used as sensing layers to be coupled with a trained RBF neural network model, and an industrial personal computer and a PLC (programmable logic controller) of the trained RBF neural network model are made to participate in behavior autonomous judgment and automatic guiding, automatic deviation rectifying and abnormal working conditions in the tunneling process of the intelligent pipe jacking machine.
The posture sensing device of the S7 push bench head mainly comprises a laser light source, a light target, a laser sensor and a gyroscope. Arranging a laser light source at a specific base point of the starting chamber, and enabling a laser beam to be incident on a light target arranged on a head of the push bench along a set route so as to monitor the deviation of the head of the push bench relative to the set jacking route; in addition, the pitch angle, the yaw angle and the rotation angle of the pipe jacking machine head relative to a given jacking route can be obtained through a gyroscope of which the pipe jacking machine is arranged in the pipe jacking machine head. Signals of the gyroscope and the laser sensor are sent to the industrial personal computer through the PLC in the pipe jacking machine head, and the industrial personal computer compares the current pipe jacking machine head posture with the normal machine head posture obtained by model prediction to obtain whether the working condition of the current pipe jacking machine head posture is abnormal or not.
S8, automatic deviation rectification control and jacking force adjustment are achieved by obtaining the current machine head posture and jacking force of the pipe jacking machine through the posture sensing device and the jacking force sensing device and transmitting the current machine head posture and the jacking force to the industrial personal computer, the industrial personal computer compares the current machine head posture and the jacking force with the normal machine head posture and the jacking force obtained through model prediction, so that the stretching amount and the jacking force of the deviation rectification oil cylinder are obtained, stretching amount information and the jacking force are transmitted to the PLC, and the PLC is used for achieving stretching of the deviation rectification oil cylinder and achieving adjustment of the machine head posture and the jacking force of the pipe jacking machine.
S9, under the condition of abnormal jacking resistance, the current jacking force, the grouting pressure and the grouting amount of the pipe jacking machine are obtained through the jacking force sensing device, the grouting pressure sensor and the grouting device and are transmitted to the industrial personal computer, the industrial personal computer compares the current jacking force, the grouting pressure and the grouting amount with the normal current jacking force, the grouting pressure and the grouting amount obtained through model prediction, so that the adjusting amount of the jacking force, the grouting pressure and the grouting amount is obtained, the adjusting amount of the jacking force, the grouting pressure and the grouting amount is transmitted to the PLC, and the jacking force adjustment and the grouting pressure and the grouting amount adjustment are realized through the PLC.
S10, sequentially jacking the small-caliber jacking pipe joints 15 with the diameters d of 800-2000 mm according to the method until the small-caliber jacking pipe joints are jacked to the required positions. And after the head of the pipe jacking machine is recovered, moving equipment such as the pipe jacking machine and the like, performing construction operation of the next pressure relief lane according to the steps, and recovering jacking equipment and the small-caliber pipe jacking pipe joints 15 in the pressure relief lanes 2, 3 and 4 after all the pressure relief lanes 2, 3 and 4 are constructed according to a preset plan.
And S11, after the small-caliber jacking pipe joint 15 is recovered, the expansion deformation of the volume of the surrounding rock is compensated by the space absorption of the pressure relief roadways 2, 3 and 4. The high-stress soft rock roadway surrounding rock long-term stability is maintained, the high-stress soft rock roadway repairing or repairing times are effectively avoided or reduced, the labor intensity of workers and the comprehensive cost of roadway maintenance are obviously reduced, and the safe and efficient production of a mine is ensured.
The scope of the present invention includes, but is not limited to, the above embodiments, and the present invention is defined by the appended claims, and any alterations, modifications, and improvements that may occur to those skilled in the art are all within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A method for constructing a long-distance intelligent jacking pipe of a high-stress soft rock large roadway surrounding rock pressure relief roadway is characterized by comprising the following steps of: after a large roadway (1) is constructed in a high-stress soft rock area, a section chamber is made as an initial chamber (6) at the inward l-shaped position of the vertical side part of the end of the large roadway (1) and the surrounding rock below the vertical bottom plate, and a section chamber is made as a receiving chamber (7) at the inward l-shaped position of the surrounding rock of the large roadway side part in the stress concentration area and the other end of the surrounding rock below the vertical bottom plate; three pressure relief roadways are constructed from an initial chamber (6) to a receiving chamber (7) along a jacking axis parallel to a main roadway by utilizing a pipe jacking machine head (10) and a plurality of small-caliber pipe jacking pipe joints (15) connected end to end, namely a left side surrounding rock long-distance pressure relief roadway (2) positioned on the left side of the main roadway (1), a right side surrounding rock long-distance pressure relief roadway (3) positioned on the right side of the main roadway (1) and a bottom plate surrounding rock long-distance pressure relief roadway (4) positioned below the main roadway (1).
2. The method for constructing the high-stress intelligent jacking pipe of the surrounding rock pressure relief roadway of the soft rock roadway with the long distance according to claim 1, is characterized by comprising the following steps: the small-caliber jacking pipe is composed of a plurality of small-caliber jacking pipe joints (15) which are connected end to end through pipe joint socket connectors (12), four grout outlets (13) are arranged on the side wall of each small-caliber jacking pipe joint (15) at equal intervals, a grouting sensor (17) is arranged on each grout outlet (13), a grouting hose (14) connected with each grout outlet (13) is arranged in each small-caliber jacking pipe joint (15), the diameter d of each small-caliber jacking pipe joint (15) is 800-2000mm, and the l distance is 8-15 m.
3. The method for constructing the high-stress intelligent jacking pipe of the surrounding rock pressure relief roadway of the soft rock roadway with the long distance according to claim 1, is characterized by comprising the following steps: the primary jacking length L of long-distance pipe jacking construction of the pressure relief roadway is 100-1000 m; the small-caliber pipe jacking joints (15) connected end to end are connected in a socket joint manner, the small-caliber pipe jacking joints are sequentially jacked in the rear side of a machine head (10) of the pipe jacking machine to form a pressure relief roadway, after jacking of the first section of small-caliber pipe jacking joint (15) is completed, the pipe is returned to the initial position, the second section of small-caliber pipe jacking joint (15) is in socket joint with the first section of small-caliber pipe jacking joint (15), and a gluing coating is added at the joint to improve the sealing performance of the pipe joints.
4. The method for constructing the high-stress intelligent jacking pipe of the surrounding rock pressure relief roadway of the soft rock roadway with the long distance according to claim 1, is characterized by comprising the following steps: push bench aircraft nose (10) after tip installation when small-bore push pipe advances in top, push bench aircraft nose (10) tip is equipped with blade disc (19), is equipped with blade disc sensor (18) and sediment thick liquid outlet (9) on blade disc (19), and wherein sediment thick liquid outlet (9) are connected with through the inside sediment thick liquid conveyer pipe (11) that extends of small-bore push pipe.
5. The method for constructing the high-stress long-distance intelligent jacking pipe of the soft rock roadway surrounding rock pressure relief roadway according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following specific steps of:
s1, completing construction of a large roadway (1) in a high-stress soft rock area, determining the position of a surrounding rock stress concentration area of the large roadway (1) according to field measurement and numerical simulation, making a section chamber as an initial chamber (6) at the position of a vertical wall part inward l of the end of the high-stress soft rock large roadway (1) of 8-15 m and a surrounding rock below a vertical base plate, making a section chamber as a receiving chamber (7) at the position of the vertical wall part inward l of the large roadway wall part in the stress concentration area and the other end of the surrounding rock below the vertical base plate, building a rear supporting wall on one side back to a tunneling surface, and erecting a pipe jacking machine head (10) by means of the bearing force of the wall;
s2, installing a pipe jacking machine head (10) and the small-caliber pipe jacking, hoisting and positioning in the starting chamber (6), and continuously grouting outside the small-caliber pipe jacking by using a jack to jack the pipe jacking machine head (10) and the small-caliber pipe jacking in the jacking process, so that a slurry sleeve (16) is formed outside the pipe jacking machine head (10) and the small-caliber pipe jacking to reduce friction resistance;
s3, when a small-caliber jacking pipe is jacked along a jacking axis parallel to the high-stress soft rock large roadway (1), discharging a chronic lubricant to the periphery along with a jacking process through a slurry outlet (13) of the small-caliber jacking pipe mountain so as to form a slurry sleeve (16) outside the small-caliber jacking pipe, enabling a stratum (8) not to be in direct contact with a small-caliber jacking pipe joint (15), changing the friction force between the small-caliber jacking pipe and the peripheral stratum from dry friction to wet friction, changing the pipe joint-rock mass contact between the small-caliber jacking pipe joint (15) and the stratum (8) into pipe-slurry contact, reducing the friction resistance, and meanwhile, enabling the chronic lubricating slurry to play a role in supporting the stratum (8) due to the thixotropy of the chronic lubricating slurry, wherein the chronic lubricant comprises bentonite, carboxymethyl cellulose, soda and water;
s4, sensing the pressure in front of a cutter head (19) of the excavation route by a pipe jacking machine head (10) through a cutter head sensor (18) arranged on the cutter head (19); a grouting sensor (17) is used for collecting grouting pressure and slurry consumption; a gyroscope and a laser sensor are arranged on a head (10) of the push bench, and information of the inclination angle and the route offset distance of the head of the push bench is acquired;
s5, uploading data collected during working to a pipe jacking machine control system located on an industrial personal computer by a grouting sensor (17), a cutter head sensor (18) and a jacking force sensor in a jack of the intelligent pipe jacking machine (5), determining whether a pipe jacking machine head (10) and a small-caliber pipe jacking machine are in a normal working state or not by the pipe jacking machine control system according to real-time data, and actively correcting deviation if deviation occurs;
s6, after the construction of the left wall surrounding rock long-distance pressure relief roadway (2), the right wall surrounding rock long-distance pressure relief roadway (3) and the bottom plate surrounding rock long-distance pressure relief roadway (4) is completed, recovering a pipe jacking machine head (10) and a small-caliber pipe jacking pipe joint (15), and repeating the steps from S1 to S6 to perform the construction operation of the next pressure relief roadway;
s7, after the small-caliber pipe jacking section (15) is recovered, the volume expansion deformation of surrounding rocks around the large roadway (1) is compensated through space absorption formed by the left surrounding rock long-distance pressure relief roadway (2), the right surrounding rock long-distance pressure relief roadway (3) and the bottom plate surrounding rock long-distance pressure relief roadway (4), the high stress of the shallow part of the surrounding rock of the large roadway is transferred to the deep part by the left surrounding rock long-distance pressure relief roadway (2), the right surrounding rock long-distance pressure relief roadway (3) and the bottom plate surrounding rock long-distance pressure relief roadway (4) around the large roadway, the surrounding rock stress environment is improved, the structural integrity and the bearing capacity of the shallow part of the supporting surrounding rock of the roadway are not damaged, the long-term stability of the high-stress soft rock surrounding rock is maintained, the high-stress soft rock large roadway is effectively avoided being repaired or the repair times are reduced, the labor intensity of workers and the comprehensive maintenance cost of the roadway are obviously reduced, and the safe and efficient production of the mine is ensured.
6. The method for constructing the high-stress intelligent jacking pipe of the surrounding rock pressure relief roadway of the soft rock roadway with the long distance according to claim 5, characterized by comprising the following steps: all parts of a pipe jacking machine head (10) are as follows: the sensor and the attitude sensing device arranged on the cutter head and the cutter head, the machine head frame, the main bearing, the main girder, the supporting device, the driving system, the hydraulic device and the back matching system are as follows: the heading machine hydraulic equipment, the power supply device, the slag discharging device, the cooling and dust preventing system and the guiding device establish a mathematical simulation model through computer simulation, and the information of cutter head pressure, jacking resistance of the pipe jacking machine, grouting pressure, grouting quantity, heading and footage speed, attitude and pipe jacking machine advancing route deviation obtained through the sensors is used as a sensing layer to be coupled with the RBF neural network model after training, so that the industrial personal computer and the PLC (programmable logic controller) which are packaged with the RBF neural network model after training participate in behavior autonomous judgment and automatic guiding, automatic deviation correction and abnormal working condition processing in the heading process of the intelligent pipe jacking machine.
7. The method for constructing the high-stress soft rock large roadway surrounding rock pressure relief roadway long-distance intelligent jacking pipe according to claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps: according to field measurement and numerical simulation means, stress concentration areas of two sides and a bottom plate of the tunnel are determined, and an originating chamber (6) and a receiving chamber (7) which are used as section chambers are constructed at the stress concentration positions, so that the pressure relief tunnel for subsequent pipe-jacking construction can be conveniently developed.
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