CN115260199A - 一种苯并咪唑并吡嗪-3-甲酰胺化合物及其制备方法与应用 - Google Patents
一种苯并咪唑并吡嗪-3-甲酰胺化合物及其制备方法与应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明属于生物医药技术领域,具体涉及一种苯并咪唑并吡嗪‑3‑甲酰胺化合物及其制备方法与应用。本发明的苯并咪唑并吡嗪‑3‑甲酰胺化合物能特异性识别A2AR,与A2AR的结合能力强,还能抑制cAMP累积,抑制肿瘤细胞生长,特别是抑制结肠癌细胞的生长,从而增强肿瘤免疫治疗效果;同时,本发明化合物具有较好的肝微粒代谢稳定性,不会被快速代谢,在体内有足够的时间发挥药效。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于生物医药技术领域。更具体地,涉及一种苯并咪唑并吡嗪-3-甲酰胺化合物及其制备方法与应用。
背景技术
癌症是威胁我国人类健康最大的疾病之一,严重影响人民健康生活,并给医疗系统的运行和社会经济的发展带来严峻挑战。目前国内外已经有多款药物应用于临床治疗,以PD-1/PD-L1单抗药物为代表的肿瘤免疫疗法给癌症的治疗带来了革命性的变化,给癌症患者带来了新的希望,但这些药物的临床治愈率仅有20%030%,多数患者并不能从治疗中获益。
正常情况下,免疫系统可以识别并清除体内的肿瘤细胞,但为了生存和生长,肿瘤细胞能够构建局部免疫抑制性肿瘤微环境,抑制肿瘤免疫,使免疫细胞无法正常的杀伤肿瘤细胞,从而在抗肿瘤免疫应答的各阶段得以幸存,出现免疫逃逸。在肿瘤微环境(TME)中活跃的多个冗余和非冗余免疫抑制通路至少可以部分解释当前免疫检查点治疗的失败。癌症免疫逃逸的一个关键机制是在TME内产生高水平的免疫抑制性腺苷。正常生理情况下组织中的腺苷浓度仅为300300nM,但在肿瘤微环境中,伴随高缺氧和酸性环境,腺苷浓度远高于正常组织,如肺和结肠腺癌微环境中可达到0.202.4mM。胞外腺苷主要通过腺苷A2A受体(A2AR)抑制肿瘤免疫,腺苷与A2A受体结合后迅速激活下游cAMP-PKA通路发挥免疫抑制效应,包括对T细胞、NK细胞、巨噬细胞、树突状细胞等多种免疫细胞造成影响,最终导致机体的免疫损伤和肿瘤细胞的免疫逃逸。
因此,通过设计A2A受体拮抗剂药物分子来阻断腺苷A2A受体介导的信号传递,从而阻止机体的免疫损失和抑制肿瘤细胞的增长,是目前处于临床研究阶段的一种新型肿瘤免疫治疗策略。如中国专利申请公开了一种靶向A2A的苯并咪唑并吡嗪-3-甲酰胺及其肿瘤免疫功能,可特异性靶向A2AR,抑制cAMP累积、促进免疫细胞细胞因子释放,增强共培养中免疫细胞对肿瘤细胞的杀伤,增强肿瘤免疫治疗效果。但其肿瘤抑制率仅为52.2%,还有待进一步提高。因此,迫切需要提供多几种与A2AR结合力强,且肿瘤抑制率高的特异性靶向A2AR的抗肿瘤药物。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是克服现有抗肿瘤药物与A2AR的结合力还有待进一步提高,且肿瘤抑制率低的缺陷和不足,提供一种与A2AR结合力强,肿瘤抑制率高的特异性靶向A2AR,抑制cAMP累积,增强肿瘤免疫治疗效果的一种苯并咪唑并吡嗪-3-甲酰胺化合物。
本发明的目的是提供一种苯并咪唑并吡嗪-3-甲酰胺化合物的制备方法。
本发明的另一目的是提供一种苯并咪唑并吡嗪-3-甲酰胺化合物及其药学上可接受的盐在制备治疗与亚型选择性腺苷A2A受体相关疾病中的应用。
本发明的另一目的是提供一种亚型选择性腺苷A2A受体拮抗剂。
本发明的另一目的是提供一种抗肿瘤药。
本发明的上述目通过以下技术方案实现:
一种苯并咪唑并吡嗪-3-甲酰胺化合物,结构如式(Ⅰ)所示:
本发明进一步保护苯并咪唑并吡嗪-3-甲酰胺化合物的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
S1.将1,2-苯二胺溶解于酸性溶剂中,加入2,2,2-三氯亚氨逐乙酸甲酯反应完全,过滤,所得固体溶于含氨的有机溶剂中反应完全,后处理得2-氰基苯并嘧啶;
S2.将步骤S1所得2-氰基苯并嘧啶与3-溴-2-氧代丙基乙酸酯在-100-20℃,缩合剂存在下发生亲核取代反应,与醋酸铵在酸性溶剂中发生成环反应,与二碳酸二叔丁酯在缩合剂、活化剂存在下发生氨基保护反应,在碱性催化剂条件下发生水解反应,与戴斯马丁氧化剂发生羟基氧化反应,与磷酸盐、异戊烯、亚氯酸盐发生醛基氧化反应,与(S)-1-(2-吡啶基)乙胺在缩合剂存在下发生缩合反应,与三氟乙酸(THF)在发生脱保护反应,后处理即得。
优选地,在步骤S1中,所述1,2-苯二胺与2,2,2-三氯亚氨逐乙酸甲酯的摩尔比为1:(102)。
在步骤S1中,所述含氨的有机溶剂中氨的含量为:0.3000.50M。
优选地,在步骤S2中,所述缩合剂为N,N-二异丙基乙胺、4-二甲氨基吡啶、1-羟基苯并三氮唑或二环己基碳二亚胺中的一种或多种。
优选地,在步骤S2中,所述活化剂包括三乙胺。
优选地,在步骤S2中,所述戴斯马丁氧化剂为戴斯-马丁高碘烷。
优选地,在步骤S2中,所述碱性催化剂包括碳酸盐。
优选地,在步骤S1、S2中,所述酸性溶剂包括醋酸。
优选地,在步骤S2中,所述亲核取代反应、氨基保护反应、水解反应、羟基氧化反应、醛基氧化反应、缩合反应、脱保护反应均在有机溶剂中进行。
优选地,所述有机溶剂包括含1,4-二氧六环溶液、乙腈、四氢呋喃(THF)、甲醇、二氯甲烷(DCM)。
优选地,在步骤S1中,所述反应的时间为1.502.5h。
优选地,在步骤S1中,所述反应的温度为25035℃。
优选地,在步骤S1中,所述氨的1,4-二氧六环溶液在002℃下加入。
优选地,在步骤S2中,所述亲核取代反应的时间为1.502.5h。
优选地,在步骤S2中,所述成环反应的时间为0.501.5h。
优选地,在步骤S2中,所述成环反应的温度为800100℃。
优选地,在步骤S2中,所述氨基保护反应的时间为305h。
优选地,在步骤S2中,所述氨基保护反应的温度为25035℃。
优选地,在步骤S2中,所述水解反应的时间为305h。
优选地,在步骤S2中,所述水解反应的温度为25035℃。
优选地,在步骤S2中,所述羟基氧化反应的时间为305h。
优选地,在步骤S2中,所述羟基氧化反应的温度为25035℃。
优选地,在步骤S2中,所述醛基氧化反应的时间为204h。
优选地,在步骤S2中,所述醛基氧化反应的温度为003℃。
优选地,在步骤S2中,所述缩合反应的时间为10020h。
优选地,在步骤S2中,所述缩合反应的温度为25035℃。
优选地,在步骤S2中,所述脱保护反应的时间为305h。
优选地,在步骤S2中,所述脱保护反应的温度为25035℃。
优选地,在步骤S2中,所述氨基保护反应中的缩合剂在002℃下加入。
优选地,在步骤S2中,所述碱性催化剂、戴斯马丁氧化剂、亚氯酸钠、三氟乙酸在002℃下加入。
本发明进一步保护一种苯并咪唑并吡嗪-3-甲酰胺化合物及其药学上可接受的盐在制备治疗与亚型选择性腺苷A2A受体相关疾病中的应用。
优选地,所述与亚型选择性腺苷A2A受体相关疾病为癌症、帕金森或自身免疫性疾病。
优选地,所述癌症为结肠癌、肺癌或乳腺癌。
优选地,所述自身免疫性疾病为类风湿性关节炎、系统性红斑狼疮或强直性脊柱炎。
本发明进一步保护一种亚型选择性腺苷A2A受体拮抗剂,包括上述苯并咪唑并吡嗪-3-甲酰胺化合物及其药学上可接受的盐。
本发明进一步保护一种抗肿瘤药,包括上述苯并咪唑并吡嗪-3-甲酰胺化合物及其药学上可接受的盐。
优选地,所述抗肿瘤药靶向腺苷A2A受体,抑制cAMP的累积。
优选地,所述抗肿瘤药的剂型为胶囊、片剂、丸剂、颗粒剂、注射药剂或喷剂。
优选地,所述抗肿瘤药抑制肿瘤细胞生长。
术语“可接受的盐”是指上述化合物与无机和/或有机酸和碱形成的酸式和/或碱式盐,也包括两性离子盐(内盐),还包括季铵盐,例如烷基铵盐。这些盐可以是在化合物的最后分离和纯化中直接得到。也可以是通过将上述化合物,或其立体异构体,与一定数量的酸或碱适当(例如等当量)进行混合而得到。这些盐可能在溶液中形成沉淀而以过滤方法收集,或在溶剂蒸发后回收而得到,或在水介质中反应后冷冻干燥制得。
优选地,所述药学上可以接受的盐为药学上可以接受的无机盐或有机盐。
进一步地,药学上可以接受的盐包括:硫酸盐、柠檬酸盐、乙酸盐、草酸盐、氯化物、溴化物、碘化物、硝酸盐、硫酸氢盐、磷酸盐、酸式磷酸盐、异烟酸盐、乳酸盐、水杨酸盐、酸式柠檬酸盐、酒石酸盐、油酸盐、鞣酸盐、泛酸盐、酒石酸氢盐、抗坏血酸盐、琥珀酸盐、马来酸盐、龙胆酸盐、富马酸盐、葡糖酸盐、葡糖醛酸盐、糖酸盐、甲酸盐、苯甲酸盐、谷氨酸盐,甲烷磺酸盐(甲磺酸盐)、乙烷磺酸盐、苯磺酸盐、对甲苯磺酸盐、和双羟萘酸盐;或者铵盐(例如伯胺盐、仲胺盐、叔胺盐、季铵盐)、金属盐(例如钠盐、钾盐、钙盐、镁盐、锰盐、铁盐、锌盐、铜盐、锂盐、铝盐)。
优选地,所述抗肿瘤药还包括一种或多种药学上可接受的载体、稀释剂或赋形剂。
术语“药学上可接受的”是指某载体、稀释剂或赋形剂,和/或所形成的盐通常在化学上或物理上与构成某药物剂型的其它成分相兼容,并在生理上与受体相兼容。
优选地,所述抗肿瘤药的剂型包括但不限于注射剂、胶囊剂、片剂、丸剂、颗粒剂。
更优选地,所述抗肿瘤药的剂型为注射剂。
本发明具有以下有益效果:
本发明的苯并咪唑并吡嗪-3-甲酰胺化合物能特异性识别A2AR,与A2AR的结合能力强,还能抑制cAMP累积,抑制肿瘤细胞生长,特别是抑制结肠癌细胞的生长,从而增强肿瘤免疫治疗效果;同时,本发明化合物具有较好的肝微粒代谢稳定性,不会被快速代谢,在体内有足够的时间发挥药效。
附图说明
图1为化合物LDH-E-8-2抑制同位素与人腺苷受体结合的IC50曲线。
图2为化合物LDH-E-8-2抑制cAMP累积的IC50曲线。
图3为化合物LDH-E-8-2在体内模型中抑制结肠癌细胞生长结果图,图3A为在小鼠皮下结肠癌细胞移植瘤模型中给药期间的肿瘤体积变化图,图3B为给药21天后,剥离的结肠癌皮下肿瘤质量变化图,图3C为给药21天后,剥离的结肠癌皮下肿瘤外观图,图3D为给药21天后剥离的小鼠内脏图。
具体实施方式
以下结合说明书附图和具体实施例来进一步说明本发明,但实施例并不对本发明做任何形式的限定。除非特别说明,本发明采用的试剂、方法和设备为本技术领域常规试剂、方法和设备。
除非特别说明,以下实施例所用试剂和材料均为市购。
实施例1(S)-1-氨基-N-(1-(吡啶-2-基)乙基)苯并[4,5]咪唑并[1,2-a]吡嗪-3-甲酰胺(LDH-E-8-2)的制备
LDH-E-8-2的结构如下所示:
该化合物的制备包括如下步骤:
(1)式3所示化合物的制备:
根据上述反应式,室温下将式1所示化合物(1,2-苯二胺,3.2g,30mmol),乙酸(AcOH)50mL加入到反应瓶中,冰浴冷却后缓缓加入起始原料,即式2所示化合物(2,2,2-三氯亚氨逐乙酸甲酯,4mL,30mmol),加完后室温搅拌2小时,并通过TLC显示反应完成。反应结束后将反应物过滤,所得滤饼经水洗(3×25mL)和真空干燥后得到式3所示化合物(2-三氯甲基-苯并嘧啶)(7.1g,93%)。
(2)式4所示化合物的制备:
根据上述反应式,将式3所示化合物(2-三氯甲基苯并嘧啶,5.9g,25mmol)冷却至0℃,然后在0℃下加入含氨的1,4-二氧六环溶液(0.40M,125mL)并密封,室温下搅拌2小时,通过TLC显示反应完成后减压浓缩,过柱,得到式4所示化合物(2-氰基苯并嘧啶,2.7g,76%)。
(3)式6所示化合物的制备:
根据上述反应式,在-15℃下将乙腈MeCN(40mL),N,N-二异丙基乙胺DIPEA(4.4g,34mmol),式4所示化合物(2-氰基苯并嘧啶,2.6g,17mmol)和式5所示化合物(3-溴-2-氧代丙基乙酸酯,3.3g,17mmol)加入到反应瓶中,-15℃搅拌2小时,通过TLC显示反应完成后加水稀释,随后经乙酸乙酯萃取、无水硫酸钠干燥、减压浓缩、过柱,得到式6所示化合物(1-(2-(4-甲氧苯基)-2-氧杂乙基)-1氢-苯并嘧啶-2-氰)(3.5g,80%)。产物的图谱信息如下:
1H NMR(400MHz,Chloroform-d)δ7.89–7.86(m,1H),7.50–7.40(m,2H),7.30–7.28(m,1H),5.28(s,2H),4.81(s,2H),2.22(s,3H)。
(4)式7所示化合物的制备:
根据上述反应式,将式6所述化合物(3-(2-氰基-1H-苯并[d]咪唑-1-基)-2-氧代丙基乙酸酯,3.3g,13 mmol),醋酸铵NH4OAc(5.1g,66mmol)和醋酸(10 mL)加入密封管中,95℃搅拌1小时,通过TLC显示反应完成后加入饱和碳酸氢钠溶液中和反应至不再产生气泡,使用二氯甲烷萃取(3×100mL),收集有机相,有机相经无水硫酸钠干燥、减压浓缩、过柱,得到式7所示化合物(1-氨基苯并[4,5]咪唑并[1,2-a]吡嗪-3-基)乙酸甲酯)(2.8g,85%)。产物的图谱信息如下:
1H NMR(500MHz,Chloroform-d)δ7.96–7.86(m,3H),7.56–7.46(m,3H),6.06(s,2H),5.10(s,2H),2.16(s,3H)。
(5)式8所示化合物的制备:
根据上述反应式,将式7所示化合物(1-氨基苯并[4,5]咪唑并[1,2-a]吡嗪-3-基)乙酸甲酯,2.8,11mmol)、4-二甲氨基吡啶DMAP(134mg,1.1mmol)、三乙胺TEA(4.5g,44mmol)溶于50mL四氢呋喃THF中,并冷却至0℃,然后在0℃下缓慢滴加二碳酸二叔丁酯(Boc)2O(6.0g,27.5mmol),室温搅拌4小时,通过TLC显示反应完成后加水100mL,使用二氯甲烷萃取(3×100mL),合并有机相,有机相经100mL饱和食盐水洗涤、硫酸钠干燥、减压浓缩、过柱,得到式8所示化合物((1-(二(叔丁氧基羰基)氨基)苯并[4,5]咪唑并[1,2-a]吡嗪-3-基)乙酸甲酯,4.2g,84%)。产物的图谱信息如下:
1H NMR(400MHz,Chloroform-d)8.46(s,1H),8.07(d,J=8.3Hz,1H),7.97(d,J=8.3Hz,1H),7.64(t,J=7.7Hz,1H),7.53(t,J=7.7Hz,1H),5.29(s,2H),2.16(3H,s),1.41(s,18H)。
(6)式9所示化合物的制备:
根据上述反应式,将式8所示化合物((1-(二(叔丁氧基羰基)氨基)苯并[4,5]咪唑并[1,2-a]吡嗪-3-基)乙酸甲酯,4.1g,9mmol)溶于50mL甲醇MeOH中,冷至0℃后缓慢加入碳酸钾(3.7g,27mmol),室温搅拌4h,并通过TLC显示反应完成,反应后加水100mL,使用二氯甲烷萃取(3×100mL),合并有机相,有机相经饱和食盐水洗涤(100mL)、无水硫酸钠干燥、减压浓缩、过柱,得到式9所示化合物((3-(羟甲基)苯并[4,5]咪唑并[1,2-a]吡嗪-1-基)氨基甲酸叔丁酯,67%,1.9g)。产物的图谱信息如下:
1H NMR(400MHz,Chloroform-d)δ8.56(s,1H),8.12(s,1H),7.96(d,J=8.3Hz,1H),7.89(d,J=8.3Hz,1H),7.61–7.57(m,1H),7.50-7.60(m,1H),4.85(s,2H),1.56(s,9H)。
(7)式10所示化合物的制备:
根据上述反应式,将式9所示化合物((3-(羟甲基)苯并[4,5]咪唑并[1,2-a]吡嗪-1-基)氨基甲酸叔丁酯,1.9g,6mmol)溶于50mL二氯甲烷DCM中,冷至0℃后缓慢加入戴斯马丁氧化剂——戴斯-马丁高碘烷DMP(3.6g,8.4mmol),室温搅拌4h,通过TLC显示反应完成后过滤,加饱和碳酸氢钠水溶液至不再产生气泡,随后使用二氯甲烷萃取(3×100mL),合并有机相,有机相经饱和食盐水洗涤(100mL)、无水硫酸钠干燥、减压浓缩、过柱,得到式10所示化合物((3-甲酰基苯并[4,5]咪唑并[1,2-a]吡嗪-1-基)氨基甲酸叔丁酯,1.4g,75%)。产物的图谱信息如下:
1H NMR(500MHz,Chloroform-d)δ10.17(s,1H),8.82(s,1H),8.03–8.00(m,2H),7.70–7.67(m,1H),7.61–7.57(m,1H),1.61(s,9H)。
(8)式11所示化合物的制备:
根据上述反应式,将式10所示化合物(3-甲酰基苯并[4,5]咪唑并[1,2-a]吡嗪-1-基)氨基甲酸叔丁酯,1.4g,4.5mmol)、磷酸二氢钠(2.2g,18mmol)、异戊烯2-methylbut-2-ene(1.6g,22mmol)溶于40mL四氢呋喃THF和20mL水的混合溶液中,冷至0℃后缓慢加入亚氯酸钠(1.6g,18mmol),0℃搅拌3h,通过TLC显示反应完成后,0℃下加入硫代硫酸钠(3.6g,22mmol)水溶液淬灭反应,随后使用二氯甲烷萃取(3×100mL),合并有机相,有机相经饱和食盐水洗涤(100mL)、无水硫酸钠干燥、减压浓缩后所得固体用正己烷洗涤,得到式11所示化合物(1-((叔丁氧基羰基)氨基)苯并[4,5]咪唑并[1,2-a]吡嗪-3-羧酸,886mg,60%)。产物的图谱信息如下:
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ9.46(s,1H),8.56(s,1H),7.98-7.96(m,1H),7.65–7.54(m,2H),1.50(s,9H)。
(9)式13所示化合物的制备:
根据上述反应式,将式11所示化合物(1-((叔丁氧基羰基)氨基)苯并[4,5]咪唑并[1,2-a]吡嗪-3-羧酸,67mg,0.2mmol)、式12所示化合物((S)-1-(2-吡啶基)乙胺,37mg,0.3mmol)、1-羟基苯并三氮唑HOBt(41mg,0.3mmol)溶于2mL二氯甲烷DCM中,冷却至0℃后缓慢加入二环己基碳二亚胺DCC(62mg,0.3mmol),室温搅拌16小时,通过TLC显示反应完成后使用硅胶过滤,并用二氯甲烷:甲醇=50:1的混合液洗涤,所得滤液经减压浓缩后得到式13所示化合物(S)-(3-((1-(吡啶-2-基)乙基)氨基甲酰基)苯并[4,5]咪唑并[1,2-a]吡嗪-1-基)氨基甲酸叔丁酯,并直接用于下一步反应。
(10)目标化合物14a(LDH-E-8-2)的制备:
根据上述反应式,将式13所示化合物(3-((吡啶-2-基甲基)氨基甲酰基)苯并[4,5]咪唑并[1,2-a]吡嗪-1-基)氨基甲酸叔丁酯)溶于2mL二氯甲烷DCM中,冷却至0℃后缓慢加入三氟乙酸TFA0.2mL,室温搅拌4小时,通过TLC显示反应完成后加入饱和碳酸氢钠水溶液至不再产生气泡,并使用二氯甲烷萃取(3×50mL),合并有机相,有机相经饱和食盐水洗涤(50mL)、无水硫酸钠干燥、减压浓缩、过柱,得到目标化合物LDH-E-8-2((S)-1-氨基-N-(1-(吡啶-2-基)乙基)苯并[4,5]咪唑并[1,2-a]吡嗪-3-甲酰胺,48mg,72%)。产物的图谱信息如下:
1H NMR(500MHz,Chloroform-d)δ8.78–8.75(m,2H),8.65–8.64(m,1H),7.98–7.92(m,2H),7.70–7.67(m,1H),7.58(t,J=7.7Hz,1H),7.49(t,J=7.7Hz,1H),7.35(d,J=7.8Hz,1H),7.23–7.21(m,1H),5.93(s,2H),5.41–5.36(m,1H),1.64(d,J=6.9Hz,3H).
13C NMR(101MHz,Chloroform-d)δ163.2,161.2,149.4,148.3,143.6,136.9,135.8,130.1,129.9,126.6,123.8,122.4,121.5,121.0,111.7,50.1,22.4.HPLC(ChrialOD-H,λ=280nm,hexane/2-propanol=70:30,flow rate=1.0mL/min),t=11.39min.
对比例1(R)-1-氨基-N-(1-(吡啶-2-基)乙基)苯并[4,5]咪唑并[1,2-a]吡嗪-3-甲酰胺(LDH-E-8-3)的制备
与实施例1的区别仅在于将步骤(9)中采用(R)-1-(2-吡啶基)替代(S)-1-(2-吡啶基)制备式13所示化合物,最后即可制备得到化合物LDH-E-8-3(47mg,70%)。其化学结构式如下:
LDH-E-8-3与LDH-E-8-2产物的图谱信息相同,其液相图如下:
HPLC(Chrial OD-H,λ=280nm,hexane/2-propanol=70:30,flow rate=1.0mL/min),t=18.20min.
对比例2 1-氨基-N-(吡啶-2-基甲基)苯并[4,5]咪唑并[1,2-a]吡嗪-3-甲酰胺(LDH-E-4)的制备
与实施例1的区别仅在于将步骤(9)中采用2-氨甲基吡啶替代(S)-1-(2-吡啶基)制备式13所示化合物,最后即可制备得到化合物LDH-E-4(45mg,70%)。其化学结构式如下:
实施例2 LDH-E-8-2、LDH-E-8-3特异性靶向A2AR
(1)细胞培养
本发明中所用A2A-HEK293、A1-HEK293、A2b-HEK293、A3-HEK293细胞培养于含有10%胎牛血清与1%双抗青霉素与链霉素的DMEM培养基中,4T1、PBMC细胞培养于含有10%胎牛血清与1%双抗青霉素与链霉素的RPIM-1640培养基中,置于37℃,5%CO2的细胞培养箱中。
(2)化合物LDH-E-8-2或LDH-E-8-3对A2AR、A1R、A2bR、A3R的亲和力测试
1)腺苷受体激动剂NECA的配制
①NECA母液的配制:称取0.00157g NECA,溶于250μl无菌水中,分装成30μl/管,放-20℃保存。
②NECA工作液的配制:取10μl NECA母液,加990μl双蒸水(ddH2O)中,制成1ml。
2)[3H]-ZM 241385、[3H]-DPCPX和[3H]-HEMADO同位素工作液(购自中国同福股份有限公司)配置
①母液:分别取[3H]-ZM 241385、[3H]-DPCPX和[3H]-HEMADO原液分装,每支5μl(原液浓度为20μM),放-20℃保存。工作液:3nM,终浓度:1nM。
3)细胞的收集,裂解,膜蛋白提取
①高表达腺苷受体的HEK293细胞传代到10x10cm培养皿中置于37℃,5%CO2条件下培养密度达到90%后用于实验。取出培养皿,弃去培养液,用3ml PBS冲洗两次。
②培养皿中加1ml的PBS,放置3min。
③冲洗下细胞,收集入1.5ml离心管,3500rpm,4℃,离心8min。
④倒去上清液,加入蛋白质裂解液(lysis buffer)和苯甲基磺酰氟(PMSF)(Lysis:PMSF=100:1),1ml,孵育30min,4℃。
⑤冰浴下过针头(1ml针头)15次。
⑥在离心管中加至二分之三体积的lysis buffer(约3ml),高速离心(15000rpm,4℃,20min)。
⑦倒去上清液,加入反应液reaction buffer 1ml,冰浴下过针头(1ml针头)15次。在离心管中加至三分之二体积的反应液(约3ml),高速离心(15000rpm,4℃,20min)。
⑧倒去上清液,将提取的蛋白溶于500μl反应缓冲液,过针头约10次得膜蛋白工作液。使用BCA试剂测定蛋白浓度。分装后贮存于-80℃冰箱中,用于放射性配体结合实验。
4)放射性配体结合实验
①加样体系如下表1所示
表1放射性配体结合实验的加样体系
②在每管中加入膜蛋白溶液(60μg/管,含腺苷脱氨酶(ADA)10μg/ml),放射性配基1nM[3H]-ZM241385、1nM[3H]-DPCPX、1nM[3H]-HEMADO,非特异性结合管中还加入终浓度10uΜNECA,待测化合物管中还分别加入10-4、10-5、10-6、10-7、10-8、10-9、10-10M 7个不同的浓度的LDH-E-8-2或LDH-E-8-3,震荡混匀,37℃下孵育30min,水浴中终止反应,使用GF/C玻璃纤维滤纸负压抽滤以分离游离配体和结合配体,用预冷的50mM Tris-HCl冲洗3次,每次约1ml。将膜取下,倒扣在托盘上,烘烤3min直至烤干。将烘干的小圆片滤膜按顺序放入闪烁管中,加入2ml闪烁液。在液体闪烁计数仪中进行[3H]计数。每一结合点均做3复管,取平均值。
5)数据处理及统计学方法
①化合物抑制率(I%)=(总结合管每分钟衰变次数(cpm)-化合物cpm)/(总结合管cpm-非特异结合管cpm)×100%。采用GraphPad Prism软件对实验结果进行统计分析,制作图表。Ki=IC50/(1+(L/Kd)),所有数据以均数±标准误表示,组间比较用one-way ANOVA检验,取p<0.05,具有统计学意义。
②Ki是竞争配体的亲和常数,IC50是取代放射性配体结合50%的化合物浓度,[L]是放射性配体的自由浓度,KD是放射性配体的离解常数。
Ki越小,代表化合物亲和力越高,测试化合物对A2AR的Ki可以检测其对A2AR的亲和力,测试化合物对其他受体的Ki可验证其选择性。实验结果如图1和表2。如图1所示,化合物LDH-E-8-2对A2AR的抑制率最高,如表2所示:化合物LDH-E-8-2对A2AR的Ki为215.4±1.1pM,对A2AR有极高的靶向性,对A1R的Ki为16.58±0.3nM,对A2bR的Ki为321.58±7.1nM,对A3R的Ki为2562.58±32.1nM,对其他腺苷受体有极高的选择性;化合物LDH-E-8-3对A2AR的Ki为367.2±2.4pM,对A2AR有极高的靶向性,对A1R的Ki为17.1±0.4nM,对A2bR的Ki为388.22±6.4nM,对A3R的Ki为2723.12±41.22nM,对其他腺苷受体有极高的选择性。
表2化合物与A2AR、A1R的亲和力
实施例3化合物LDH-E-8-2和LDH-E-8-3肝微粒体代谢时间
将大鼠肝微粒体0.1M、pH 7.4的TRIS缓冲液(终浓度0.33mg/mL)、辅因子MgCl2(终浓度5mM)、0.005%牛血清白蛋白(BSA)和化合物LDH-E-8-2或LDH-E-8-3(终浓度1μM、助溶剂0.01%DMSO)在37℃下混合孵育10分钟。通过添加还原型辅酶Ⅱ(NADPH,终浓度1mM)开始反应。分别在0、7、17、30和60分钟取样,加入甲醇(4℃冷)以终止反应,离心(4000rpm,5分钟)后,通过LC-MS/MS分析样品,根据药物剩余量计算药物肝微粒体半数药物代谢时间。不同时间点化合物剩余量如表3所示,化合物肝微粒体半数代谢时间如表4所示。
表3不同时间点化合物剩余量
表4化合物肝微粒体半数代谢时间
化合物 | 肝微粒体半数代谢时间(min) |
LDH-E-8-2 | 73.8 |
LDH-E-8-3 | 9.16 |
通过肝微粒体代谢稳定性可初步评估化合物在体内被代谢清除的风险,实验结果如表304所示,化合物LDH-E-2对肝微粒体半数代谢时间为73.8min,化合物LDH-E-3对肝微粒体半数代谢时间为9.16min,两者为异构体,但是肝微粒体半数代谢时间差异巨大,LDH-E-8-2肝微粒体代谢稳定性远高于LDH-E-8-3,在体内可有足够时间稳定存在,有足够时间发挥药效,而LDH-E-8-3的半数代谢时间极短,还没有发挥药效就被体内代谢。
实施例4化合物LDH-E-8-2抑制环磷酸腺苷(cAMP)累积
1.化合物及缓冲液配置
制备含有1xHBSS(HBSS缓冲液)、0.1%BSA(Perkin Elmer)、20mM HEPES(Gibco)和100nM IBMX(Sigma)的测定缓冲液。使用Simulation buffer(反应缓冲液)配置8x化合物储备溶液(10-4,10-5,10-6,10-7,10-8,10-9,10-10M)和8xCGS21680储备溶液(50nM)。使用裂解缓冲液制备20X cAMP-d2和20X抗cAMP-Eu3+检测试剂溶液。
2.HTRF法测试胞内cAMP含量
将HEK293-A2A细胞接种在384孔板中,其中每孔含有38,000个细胞悬浮在15μL测定缓冲液中。将2.5μL不同浓度化合物储备溶液加入上述制备的384孔板的指定孔中,并在37℃下温育10分钟。接着,在384孔板中加入2.5μLCGS21680原液,37℃再孵育30分钟(反应体系终体积为20μL)。最后,在板的每孔中加入10μL cAMP-d2和10μL抗cAMP-Eu3+检测试剂溶液,室温孵育1h。在酶标仪上665nm和620nm波长处收集数据。
实验结果如图2所示,腺苷与A2AR结合可以引起胞内cAMP累积,进而引起下游一系列通路激活,最终导致免疫抑制,化合物LDH-E-8-2抑制CGS21680(50nM)引起的cAMP累积的IC50为112.5±4.6nM,有较好的抑制cAMP累积
实施例5化合物LDH-E-8-2在体内模型中抑制结肠癌细胞生长
(1)小鼠皮下结肠癌细胞移植瘤模型的建立
1)取对数生长期结肠癌细胞,消化后计数,将预冷PBS与Matrigel(基质胶)按1:1比例混合,重悬细胞,得到3×105个/100μL的细胞悬液,置于冰上。在405周龄C57腹背两侧的皮下部位各注射100μL结肠癌细胞悬液;
2)待皮下肿瘤体积约为50mm3时,随机分为4组。组别及给药设置如下:空白对照组,每天安慰剂(即溶药所用溶剂:15%蓖麻油+85%灭菌PBS);阳性药AZD4635组,每天给药,灌胃,剂量为25mg/kg;LDH-E-8-2组,每天给药,灌胃,剂量为25mg/kg;LDH-E-4组,每天给药,灌胃,剂量为25mg/kg。
3)连续给药21天,每天测量小鼠体重和肿瘤大小,绘制小鼠体重生长曲线;
4)给药21天后,处死小鼠进行解剖,剥离皮下肿瘤,称重。
(2)实验结果
实验结果如图3所示,LDH-E-8-2组能够抑制免疫正常小鼠肿瘤的生长,且效果优于阳性药AZD4635和LDH-E-4(图3A);LDH-E-8-2组能够显著减轻免疫正常小鼠肿瘤重量,其中LDH-E-8-2组的肿瘤抑制率约为62.41%,AZD4635组的肿瘤抑制率约为56.71%,LDH-E-4组的肿瘤抑制率约为52.2%(图3B);LDH-E-8-2、LDH-E-4和AZD4635均能够显著减小结肠癌肿瘤大小,且LDH-E-8-2组效果优于阳性药AZD4635和LDH-E-4(图3C);给药21天后,剥离的小鼠内脏图,LDH-E-8-2、LDH-E-4和AZD4635对小鼠内脏均无明显损伤(图3D)。证明本申请化合物对结肠癌细胞具有显著的抑制作用,且作用还要优于阳性对照组。
上述实施例为本发明较佳的实施方式,但本发明的实施方式并不受上述实施例的限制,其他的任何未背离本发明的精神实质与原理下所作的改变、修饰、替代、组合、简化,均应为等效的置换方式,都包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (10)
2.权利要求1所述苯并咪唑并吡嗪-3-甲酰胺化合物的制备方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
S1.将1,2-苯二胺溶解于酸性溶剂中,加入2,2,2-三氯亚氨逐乙酸甲酯反应完全,过滤,所得固体在002℃下溶于含氨的有机溶剂中反应完全,后处理得2-氰基苯并嘧啶;
S2.将步骤S1所得2-氰基苯并嘧啶与3-溴-2-氧代丙基乙酸酯在-100-20℃,缩合剂存在下发生亲核取代反应,与醋酸铵在酸性溶剂中发生成环反应,与二碳酸二叔丁酯在缩合剂、活化剂存在下发生氨基保护反应,在碱性催化剂条件下发生水解反应,与戴斯马丁氧化剂发生羟基氧化反应,与磷酸盐、异戊烯、亚氯酸盐发生醛基氧化反应,与(S)-1-(2-吡啶基)乙胺在缩合剂存在下发生缩合反应,与三氟乙酸在发生脱保护反应,后处理即得。
3.权利要求1所述苯并咪唑并吡嗪-3-甲酰胺化合物及其药学上可接受的盐在制备治疗与亚型选择性腺苷A2A受体相关疾病中的应用。
4.根据权利要求3所述应用,其特征在于,所述与亚型选择性腺苷A2A受体相关疾病为癌症、帕金森或自身免疫性疾病。
5.根据权利要求4所述应用,其特征在于,所述癌症为结肠癌、肺癌或乳腺癌。
6.根据权利要求4所述应用,其特征在于,所述自身免疫性疾病为类风湿性关节炎、系统性红斑狼疮或强直性脊柱炎。
7.一种亚型选择性腺苷A2A受体拮抗剂,其特征在于,包括权利要求1所述苯并咪唑并吡嗪-3-甲酰胺化合物及其药学上可接受的盐。
8.一种抗肿瘤药,其特征在于,包括权利要求1所述苯并咪唑并吡嗪-3-甲酰胺化合物及其药学上可接受的盐。
9.根据权利要求8所述抗肿瘤药,其特征在于,所述抗肿瘤药靶向腺苷A2A受体,抑制cAMP的累积。
10.根据权利要求8所述抗肿瘤药,其特征在于,所述抗肿瘤药的剂型为胶囊、片剂、丸剂、颗粒剂、注射药剂或喷剂。
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