CN115259749B - Polymer-based vegetation concrete and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Polymer-based vegetation concrete and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN115259749B
CN115259749B CN202210959359.6A CN202210959359A CN115259749B CN 115259749 B CN115259749 B CN 115259749B CN 202210959359 A CN202210959359 A CN 202210959359A CN 115259749 B CN115259749 B CN 115259749B
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CN115259749A (en
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陈建国
薛冰寒
方宏远
石明生
余翔
王念念
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Zhengzhou University
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B26/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing only organic binders, e.g. polymer or resin concrete
    • C04B26/02—Macromolecular compounds
    • C04B26/10—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C04B26/16—Polyurethanes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
    • C04B2111/00758—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 for agri-, sylvi- or piscicultural or cattle-breeding applications
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete

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Abstract

The invention provides polymer-based vegetation concrete and a preparation method thereof. A polymer-based vegetation concrete is prepared by mixing permeable high molecular polymer and crushed stone aggregate; the mass ratio of the permeable high molecular polymer to the crushed stone aggregate is 3-6:100; the permeable high molecular polymer is prepared by mixing a material of the group A and a material of the group B at normal temperature; the group A material is prepared from special polyether polyol, polyoxyethylene nonionic surfactant and flame retardant tri (1-chloro-2-propyl) phosphate; the B group material is prepared from a plasticizer and polymeric isocyanate; the volume ratio of the group A material to the group B material is 1:1. The polymer-based plant-growing concrete prepared by the invention has light weight and high porosity, and the pH value range is suitable for most plants.

Description

Polymer-based vegetation concrete and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of ecological engineering materials, in particular to polymer-based vegetation concrete and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Because the traditional concrete has the characteristics of high strength, good durability and the like, the concrete is widely applied to various building engineering, and the dosage is quite large. However, with the rapid development of cities in China, various high-rise buildings are pulled up, thick, hard, cold and dark concrete is reflected in the curtains of people, and the visual effect lacks vitality. On the other hand, the compactness and the impermeability of the concrete also bring serious challenges to the ecological environment, and the appearance of the plant-growing concrete effectively solves the problems. The plant-growing concrete can be used as a novel civil engineering material integrating ecological green, economical and practical properties, and has a wide development space.
In the prior art, the plant-growing concrete is mainly used for planting plants, but the growth of the plants in the plant-growing concrete is influenced by the pH value of a plant-growing concrete pore solution, and the too high pH value enables the soil of the plant-growing concrete to contain a large amount of substituted sodium ions and hydroxide ions, so that the soil is dispersed and hardened after being dried. In addition, the alkaline environment makes the protein in the plant root cell plasma layer to have positive or negative charge and attract or repel the absorbed mineral ion, so that the growth of microbe is not facilitated and the plant growth is affected.
The first prior art is: the alkali-reducing method of the plant-growing concrete can be divided into adding an admixture, soaking in a solution and using a low-alkalinity cementing material; by adding various additives into the cementing material, the blended 65% -70% fly ash is obtained, the pH value of the porous concrete 28d can be reduced to below 11.50, and the pH value of the porous concrete 28d can be even reduced by 9.00-10.5.
And the second prior art is as follows: oxalic acid solution with a certain concentration is sprayed into vegetation type ecological concrete pores, so that oxalic acid acts with alkaline substances dissolved in the pores to form a calcium oxalate thin layer on the surface of the concrete, the alkaline substances are prevented from being dissolved into soil in the pores, and the pH value in the pores of the concrete is maintained to be about 8. In theory, the alkalinity of the concrete pore solution can be reduced in a certain range, the pH value is maintained to be about 8-9, and the plant growth is satisfied. However, alkali precipitation of concrete pores is a dynamic process, and the concrete is continuously placed in an acidic solution to deteriorate performances such as strength, and in engineering application, the solution soaking method in a test is adopted, so that the difficulty of continuously carrying out alkali reduction treatment on the concrete is great.
The third prior art is: the pH value of the solution in the low-alkalinity sulphoaluminate cement matrix after hardening is obviously reduced to about 11.0 by using the low-alkalinity sulphoaluminate cement, and the plant growth requirement can not be met.
Chinese CN201710887591.2 patent discloses a low alkalinity cementitious material for plant-grown concrete and a method for preparing the same. The components and parts by weight are as follows: 60-100 parts of superfine slag powder; 20-30 parts of silicate cement; 0-20 parts of modified components; 5-20 parts of waste mortar powder; 0.05 to 0.5 part of waste rubber particles; 0-1 part of expanded perlite powder; 0.1-2 parts of water reducer. The water reducer, the modified component, the waste mortar powder and the expanded perlite powder are added into the silicate cement to be uniformly mixed, and then the mixture is mixed with the waste rubber particles and the superfine slag powder to prepare the low-alkalinity cementing material. However, the pH value of the pore solution of the plant-growing concrete using the alkali-reducing cementing material is still more than 9, and the plant-growing concrete is only suitable for the growth of partial alkali-resistant plants.
The Chinese CN201210445975.6 patent discloses a method for inhibiting the pore alkalinity of plant-grown concrete, which comprises the following steps: spraying permanent condensate on the surface of the cured plant-grown concrete, and spraying again after the surface is dried; the natural curing for 24 hours adopts the method for restraining the pore alkalinity of the plant-growing concrete, so that the method for restraining the pore alkalinity of the plant-growing concrete has obvious effect, simple operation, lasting effect and no adverse effect; has the characteristics of strong ageing resistance, good durability and no pungent smell. The pH value of the alkali-reducing method can be maintained at about 8.5, but the construction process is complex, the maintenance condition requirement is high, and the popularization and the application of the plant-growing concrete are not facilitated.
The existing plant-growing concrete alkali-reducing technology comprises the steps of adding acidic substances for chemical neutralization reaction, and carrying out antiseptic treatment or carbonization alkali reduction on the surface of the concrete. However, the alkali-reducing effect of the alkali-reducing technology is easily influenced by external conditions, so that the alkali-reducing effect is poor, the construction process is complex, and the popularization and the application are difficult. Therefore, the invention has an obvious alkali-reducing effect and solves the problems by applying the method for reducing the alkali of the plant-grown concrete with simple implementation.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide polymer-based plant-growing concrete and a preparation method thereof, and the prepared polymer-based plant-growing concrete has the advantages of light weight, high porosity and pH value range suitable for most plant growth.
In order to solve the technical problems, the polymer-based vegetation concrete and the preparation method thereof are realized as follows:
the invention provides polymer-based vegetation concrete which is prepared by mixing permeable high molecular polymer and crushed stone aggregate; the mass ratio of the permeable high molecular polymer to the crushed stone aggregate is 3-6:100; the permeable high molecular polymer is prepared by mixing a material of the group A and a material of the group B at normal temperature; the group A material is prepared from special polyether polyol, polyoxyethylene nonionic surfactant and flame retardant tri (1-chloro-2-propyl) phosphate; the B group material is prepared from a plasticizer and polymeric isocyanate; the volume ratio of the group A material to the group B material is 1:1.
Optionally, the mass ratio of the special polyether polyol, the flame retardant and the surfactant to the catalyst is as follows: 40-70: 30-60: 0.5 to 5:0.1 to 2.
The catalyst is as follows: triethylamine, diethylenetriamine, dimethylbenzylamine or/and pentamethyldiethylenetriamine.
Optionally, the special polyether polyol is prepared from glycerin and ethylenediamine in a molar ratio of 1:1.5 to 2, and then grafting ethylene oxide.
Optionally, the single liquid density of the group A material is 1.26g/cm 3 。
Optionally, the plasticizer in the material of the group B is dibutyl phthalate or/and palm oil;
the polymeric isocyanate is polyphenyl polymethylene polyisocyanate, toluene diisocyanate, hexamethylene diisocyanate or/and carbodiimide diisocyanate.
The mass ratio of the polymeric isocyanate to the plasticizer is 50-95:10-60.
Optionally, the single liquid density of the material of the B group is 1.17g/cm 3 。
Optionally, the crushed stone aggregate has the particle size of 10-20mm.
The preparation method of the polymer-based plant-grown concrete comprises the steps of preparing a permeable high-molecular polymer, then pouring the permeable high-molecular polymer into the cleaned crushed stone aggregate, and stirring; after the stirring materials are put into a test mould in two layers, manually vibrating, and then manually pressurizing by static force to level the upper surface of the polymer-based vegetation concrete; curing for 6 hours at the room temperature of 20 ℃, and forming and demolding the polymer-based plant-growing concrete; the mass ratio of the permeable high molecular polymer to the crushed stone aggregate is as follows: 3-6:100; the permeable high polymer is prepared by mixing a group A material and a group B material at normal temperature; the group A material is prepared from special polyether polyol, polyoxyethylene nonionic surfactant and flame retardant tri (1-chloro-2-propyl) phosphate; the B group material is prepared from a plasticizer and polymeric isocyanate; the volume ratio of the group A material to the group B material is 1:1.
Optionally, the mass ratio of the special polyether polyol, the flame retardant and the surfactant to the catalyst is as follows: 40-70: 30-60: 0.5 to 5:0.1 to 2.
The catalyst is as follows: triethylamine, diethylenetriamine, dimethylbenzylamine or/and pentamethyldiethylenetriamine.
Optionally, the plasticizer in the material of the group B is dibutyl phthalate or/and palm oil;
the polymeric isocyanate is polyphenyl polymethylene polyisocyanate, toluene diisocyanate, hexamethylene diisocyanate or/and carbodiimide diisocyanate.
The mass ratio of the polymeric isocyanate to the plasticizer is 50-95:10-60. Compared with the concrete prepared by using ordinary silicate cement as a gel material and low-alkali sulphoaluminate cement, the polymer-based plant-growing concrete provided by the invention has light weight under the same volume; the polymer-based vegetation concrete has high porosity through detection; the pH value of the detected concrete is below 7.5, and the method is suitable for most plant growth.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the preparation of polymer-based vegetation concrete provided by the invention;
FIG. 2 is a plot of the growth conditions of the alkali thatch 10d planted in the modules made of the polymer-based vegetation concrete of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph of growth conditions of Alternaria lemanensis planted in a module made of polymer-based vegetation concrete of the present invention for 15 d;
FIG. 4 is a graph of total nitrogen content of a growing 15d leaf and root system of thatch planted in a module made of polymer-based vegetation concrete according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a graph of total phosphorus content of a growing 15d leaf and root system of thatch planted in a module made of polymer-based vegetation concrete of the present invention;
FIG. 6 shows the total organic matter content of the growing 15d leaf and root system of the thatch planted in the module made of the polymer-based vegetation concrete of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the following examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Example 1
A polymer-based plant-growing concrete is prepared from permeable high-molecular polymer and crushed stone aggregate according to a ratio of 3:100, wherein the grain size of the aggregate is graded to 10-20mm. The permeable high molecular polymer is prepared by mixing a group A material and a group B material according to the volume ratio of 1:1 at normal temperature.
The group A material is prepared from polyalcohol, surfactant, flame retardant and catalyst, and comprises the following components in parts by weight: 60 parts of special polyether polyol, 39 parts of flame retardant tri (1-chloro-2-propyl) phosphate and 0.8 part of polyoxyethylene nonionic surfactant; the catalyst is selected from 0.1 part of triethylamine and 0.1 part of diethylenetriamine;
wherein: the special polyether polyol is prepared from glycerin and ethylenediamine in a molar ratio of 1:1.5 to 2, and then grafting ethylene oxide to prepare the catalyst;
triethylamine: a national drug reagent;
diethylenetriamine: a national drug reagent;
polyoxyethylene nonionic surfactant: ala Ding Shiji;
group B materials: comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30 parts of polymethylene polyphenyl isocyanate and 40 parts of toluene diisocyanate; 30 parts of plasticizer dibutyl phthalate;
wherein, polymethylene polyphenyl isocyanate PM-2208, wanhua chemical group Co., ltd;
toluene diisocyanate, wanhua chemical group Co., ltd.
The preparation process of the materials in the group A and the materials in the group B comprises the following steps: weighing the raw materials in the component A at normal temperature (25 ℃), sequentially adding the raw materials into a dry mixing kettle, fully and uniformly stirring, and subpackaging to prepare a material of the group A; weighing the raw materials in the component B, sequentially adding the raw materials into a dry mixing kettle, fully and uniformly stirring, replacing with nitrogen, and packaging to prepare the material of the component B. The density of the single liquid of the prepared A group material is 1.26g/cm 3 The single liquid density of the material of group B is 1.17g/cm 3 。
The preparation method of the polymer-based vegetation concrete comprises the following steps:
(1) The above-mentioned various component materials are weighed.
(2) The high polymer is A, B double-component material, and the cementing material of the polymer-based plant-growing concrete is prepared by mixing at room temperature of 20 ℃.
(3) Wetting crushed stone aggregate with water, adding the mixed cementing material, and stirring; in order to better adhere the polymer to the surface of the aggregate, manual stirring is adopted;
(4) The polymer-based vegetation concrete molding is to combine manual vibration and static pressing, the mixture is put into a test die in two layers for manual vibration, and the upper surface of the concrete is leveled by adopting a manual static pressing mode after the manual vibration;
(5) Curing the mixture at 20 deg.c for 6 hr, and demolding.
The preparation flow of the polymer-based vegetation concrete is shown in figure 1.
Example 2
A polymer-based plant-growing concrete is prepared from permeable high-molecular polymer and broken stone aggregate according to a ratio of 4:100, wherein the grain size of the aggregate is graded to 10-20mm. The permeable high molecular polymer is prepared by mixing a group A material and a group B material according to the volume ratio of 1:1 at normal temperature.
The material of the group A is prepared from polyalcohol, surfactant, flame retardant and catalyst, and comprises the following components in parts by weight: 40 parts of special polyether polyol, 59 parts of flame retardant tri (1-chloro-2-propyl) phosphate and 0.8 part of polyoxyethylene nonionic surfactant; the catalyst is selected from 0.1 part of triethylamine and 0.1 part of diethylenetriamine;
wherein: the special polyether polyol is prepared from glycerin and ethylenediamine in a molar ratio of 1:1.5 to 2, and then grafting ethylene oxide to prepare the catalyst;
triethylamine: a national drug reagent;
diethylenetriamine: chinese medicine reagent
Polyoxyethylene nonionic surfactant: ara Ding Shiji
Group B materials: comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30 parts of polymethylene polyphenyl isocyanate and 25 parts of hexamethylene diisocyanate; 45 parts of plasticizer dibutyl phthalate;
wherein, polymethylene polyphenyl isocyanate PM-2208, wanhua chemical group Co., ltd;
hexamethylene diisocyanate, wanhua chemical group Co., ltd
The preparation method of the materials in the A group and the B group is the same as that of the example 1.
The preparation method of the polymer-based vegetation concrete comprises the following steps:
(1) The above-mentioned various component materials are weighed.
(2) The high polymer is A, B double-component material, and the cementing material of the polymer-based plant-growing concrete is prepared by mixing at room temperature of 20 ℃.
(3) Wetting crushed stone aggregate with water, adding the mixed cementing material, and stirring; in order to better adhere the polymer to the surface of the aggregate, manual stirring is adopted;
(4) The polymer-based vegetation concrete molding is to combine manual vibration and static pressing, the mixture is put into a test die in two layers for manual vibration, and the upper surface of the concrete is leveled by adopting a manual static pressing mode after the manual vibration;
(5) Curing the mixture at 20 deg.c for 6 hr, and demolding.
Example 3
A polymer-based plant-growing concrete is prepared from permeable high-molecular polymer and broken stone aggregate according to a ratio of 5:100, wherein the grain size of the aggregate is graded to 10-20mm. The permeable high molecular polymer is prepared by mixing a group A material and a group B material according to the volume ratio of 1:1 at normal temperature.
The group A material is prepared from polyalcohol, surfactant, flame retardant and catalyst, and comprises the following components in parts by weight: 45 parts of special polyether polyol, 54 parts of flame retardant tri (1-chloro-2-propyl) phosphate and 0.8 part of polyoxyethylene nonionic surfactant; the catalyst is selected from 0.1 part of dimethyl benzylamine and 0.1 part of diethylenetriamine;
wherein: the special polyether polyol is prepared from glycerin and ethylenediamine in a molar ratio of 1:1.5 to 2, and then grafting ethylene oxide to prepare the catalyst;
dimethyl benzylamine: a national drug reagent;
diethylenetriamine: a national drug reagent;
polyoxyethylene nonionic surfactant: ala Ding Shiji;
group B materials: comprises the following components in parts by weight: 40 parts of polymethylene polyphenyl isocyanate and 20 parts of toluene diisocyanate; the plasticizer was dibutyl phthalate and palm oil according to 1:1, 30 parts of a mixture in mass ratio;
wherein, polymethylene polyphenyl isocyanate PM-2208, wanhua chemical group Co., ltd;
toluene diisocyanate, wanhua chemical group Co., ltd
The preparation method of the materials in the A group and the B group is the same as that of the example 1.
The preparation method of the polymer-based vegetation concrete comprises the following steps:
(1) The above-mentioned various component materials are weighed.
(2) The high polymer is A, B double-component material, and the cementing material of the polymer-based plant-growing concrete is prepared by mixing at room temperature of 20 ℃.
(3) Wetting crushed stone aggregate with water, adding the mixed cementing material, and stirring; in order to better adhere the polymer to the surface of the aggregate, manual stirring is adopted;
(4) The polymer-based vegetation concrete molding is to combine manual vibration and static pressing, the mixture is put into a test die in two layers for manual vibration, and the upper surface of the concrete is leveled by adopting a manual static pressing mode after the manual vibration;
(5) Curing the mixture at 20 deg.c for 6 hr, and demolding.
The preparation flow of the polymer-based vegetation concrete is shown in figure 1.
Example 4
A polymer-based plant-growing concrete is prepared from permeable high-molecular polymer and broken stone aggregate according to a ratio of 6:100, wherein the grain size of the aggregate is graded to 10-20mm. The permeable high molecular polymer is prepared by mixing a group A material and a group B material according to the volume ratio of 1:1 at normal temperature.
The group A material is prepared from polyalcohol, surfactant, flame retardant and catalyst, and comprises the following components in parts by weight: 70 parts of special polyether polyol, 29 parts of flame retardant tri (1-chloro-2-propyl) phosphate and 0.8 part of polyoxyethylene nonionic surfactant; the catalyst is selected from 0.1 part of triethylamine and 0.1 part of diethylenetriamine;
wherein: the special polyether polyol is prepared from glycerin and ethylenediamine in a molar ratio of 1:1.5 to 2, and then grafting ethylene oxide to prepare the catalyst;
triethylamine: a national drug reagent;
diethylenetriamine: a national drug reagent;
polyoxyethylene nonionic surfactant: ala Ding Shiji;
group B materials: comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50 parts of polymethylene polyphenyl isocyanate and 40 parts of toluene diisocyanate; the plasticizer is 10 parts of palm oil;
wherein, polymethylene polyphenyl isocyanate PM-2208, wanhua chemical group Co., ltd;
toluene diisocyanate, wanhua chemical group Co., ltd.
The permeable high molecular polymer is A, B double-component material, and is uniformly mixed under the condition of room temperature; the group A material comprises: a polyol, a surfactant and a flame retardant, the group B materials comprising: plasticizers and polymeric isocyanates; the materials of the group A and the materials of the group B are uniformly mixed at room temperature, and the mixing ratio is 1:1.
The preparation method of the materials in the A group and the B group is the same as that of the example 1.
The preparation method of the polymer-based vegetation concrete comprises the following steps:
(1) The above-mentioned various component materials are weighed.
(2) The high polymer is A, B double-component material, and the cementing material of the polymer-based plant-growing concrete is prepared by mixing at room temperature of 20 ℃.
(3) Wetting crushed stone aggregate with water, adding the mixed cementing material, and stirring; in order to better adhere the polymer to the surface of the aggregate, manual stirring is adopted;
(4) The polymer-based vegetation concrete molding is to combine manual vibration and static pressing, the mixture is put into a test die in two layers for manual vibration, and the upper surface of the concrete is leveled by adopting a manual static pressing mode after the manual vibration;
(5) Curing the mixture at 20 deg.c for 6 hr, and demolding.
The preparation flow of the polymer-based vegetation concrete is shown in figure 1.
To further demonstrate the advantages of the present invention, ordinary portland cement and low-alkalinity sulphoaluminate cement were used to prepare ordinary vegetation concrete for comparison.
Example 5
A polymer-based plant-growing concrete is prepared from permeable high-molecular polymer and broken stone aggregate according to a ratio of 6:100, wherein the grain size of the aggregate is graded to 10-20mm. The permeable high molecular polymer is prepared by mixing a group A material and a group B material according to the volume ratio of 1:1 at normal temperature.
The group A material is prepared from polyalcohol, surfactant, flame retardant and catalyst, and comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50 parts of special polyether polyol, 30 parts of flame retardant tri (1-chloro-2-propyl) phosphate and 0.5 part of polyoxyethylene nonionic surfactant; 0.1 part of dimethylbenzylamine is selected as a catalyst;
wherein: the special polyether polyol is prepared from glycerin and ethylenediamine in a molar ratio of 1:1.5 to 2, and then grafting ethylene oxide to prepare the catalyst;
triethylamine: a national drug reagent;
diethylenetriamine: a national drug reagent;
polyoxyethylene nonionic surfactant: ala Ding Shiji;
group B materials: comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30 parts of polymethylene polyphenyl isocyanate and 20 parts of carbodiimide diisocyanate; the plasticizer is 50 parts of dibutyl phthalate and 10 parts of palm oil;
wherein, polymethylene polyphenyl isocyanate PM-2208, wanhua chemical group Co., ltd;
toluene diisocyanate, wanhua chemical group Co., ltd.
The permeable high molecular polymer is A, B double-component material, and is uniformly mixed under the condition of room temperature; the group A material comprises: a polyol, a surfactant and a flame retardant, the group B materials comprising: plasticizers and polymeric isocyanates; the materials of the group A and the materials of the group B are uniformly mixed at room temperature, and the mixing ratio is 1:1.
The preparation method of the materials in the A group and the B group is the same as that of the example 1.
The preparation method of the polymer-based vegetation concrete comprises the following steps:
(1) The above-mentioned various component materials are weighed.
(2) The high polymer is A, B double-component material, and the cementing material of the polymer-based plant-growing concrete is prepared by mixing at room temperature of 20 ℃.
(3) Wetting crushed stone aggregate with water, adding the mixed cementing material, and stirring; in order to better adhere the polymer to the surface of the aggregate, manual stirring is adopted;
(4) The polymer-based vegetation concrete molding is to combine manual vibration and static pressing, the mixture is put into a test die in two layers for manual vibration, and the upper surface of the concrete is leveled by adopting a manual static pressing mode after the manual vibration;
(5) Curing the mixture at 20 deg.c for 6 hr, and demolding.
The preparation flow of the polymer-based vegetation concrete is shown in figure 1.
Example 6
A polymer-based plant-growing concrete is prepared from permeable high-molecular polymer and broken stone aggregate according to a ratio of 4:100, wherein the grain size of the aggregate is graded to 10-20mm. The permeable high molecular polymer is prepared by mixing a group A material and a group B material according to the volume ratio of 1:1 at normal temperature.
The group A material is prepared from polyalcohol, surfactant, flame retardant and catalyst, and comprises the following components in parts by weight: 42 parts of special polyether polyol, 60 parts of flame retardant tri (1-chloro-2-propyl) phosphate and 5 parts of polyoxyethylene nonionic surfactant; 1 part of dimethylbenzylamine and 1 part of pentamethyldiethylenetriamine are selected as catalysts;
wherein: the special polyether polyol is prepared from glycerin and ethylenediamine in a molar ratio of 1:1.5 to 2, and then grafting ethylene oxide to prepare the catalyst;
triethylamine: a national drug reagent;
diethylenetriamine: a national drug reagent;
polyoxyethylene nonionic surfactant: ala Ding Shiji;
group B materials: comprises the following components in parts by weight: 80 parts of polymethylene polyphenyl isocyanate and 15 parts of carbodiimide diisocyanate; 15 parts of palm oil as a plasticizer;
wherein, polymethylene polyphenyl isocyanate PM-2208, wanhua chemical group Co., ltd;
toluene diisocyanate, wanhua chemical group Co., ltd.
The permeable high molecular polymer is A, B double-component material, and is uniformly mixed under the condition of room temperature; the group A material comprises: a polyol, a surfactant and a flame retardant, the group B materials comprising: plasticizers and polymeric isocyanates; the materials of the group A and the materials of the group B are uniformly mixed at room temperature, and the mixing ratio is 1:1.
The preparation method of the materials in the A group and the B group is the same as that of the example 1.
The preparation method of the polymer-based vegetation concrete comprises the following steps:
(1) The above-mentioned various component materials are weighed.
(2) The high polymer is A, B double-component material, and the cementing material of the polymer-based plant-growing concrete is prepared by mixing at room temperature of 20 ℃.
(3) Wetting crushed stone aggregate with water, adding the mixed cementing material, and stirring; in order to better adhere the polymer to the surface of the aggregate, manual stirring is adopted;
(4) The polymer-based vegetation concrete molding is to combine manual vibration and static pressing, the mixture is put into a test die in two layers for manual vibration, and the upper surface of the concrete is leveled by adopting a manual static pressing mode after the manual vibration;
(5) Curing the mixture at 20 deg.c for 6 hr, and demolding.
The preparation flow of the polymer-based vegetation concrete is shown in figure 1.
Comparative example 1
Using ordinary Portland cement as a cementing material, adopting crushed stone aggregate with the particle size of 10-20mm, and adopting the cement ratio of 100:29 and the bone cement ratio of 5:1, preparing the plant-growing concrete.
Comparative example 2
The low-alkali sulphoaluminate cement is used as a cementing material, crushed stone aggregate with the particle size of 10-20mm is adopted, the cement-water ratio is 100:29, and the bone cement ratio is 5:1, so that the plant-growing concrete is prepared.
The results of pH tests of the vegetation concretes prepared in examples 1 to 6 and comparative examples 1 and 2 according to the present invention are shown in Table 1.
Table 1: results of the pH test of examples and comparative examples of the present invention
Group of Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Example 4 Example 5 Example 6 Comparative example 1 Comparative example 2
pH value of 7.31 7.30 7.28 7.33 7.35 7.38 12.69 12.53
From the above examples, it is seen that the pH of the polymer-based vegetation concrete of the present invention can be maintained within 7.5, and the polymer-based vegetation concrete of the present invention has a large porosity, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, satisfying plant growth.
The inventors of the present invention also provided the following comparative examples during the test:
comparative example 3
The mass ratio of the permeable high molecular polymer to the crushed stone aggregate in the comparative example to the example 1 is 2:100, the volume ratio of the permeable high molecular polymer A group material to the permeable high molecular polymer B group material is: 1:2.
comparative example 4
The mass ratio of the permeable high molecular polymer to the crushed stone aggregate in the comparative example to the example 1 is 7:100, the volume ratio of the permeable high molecular polymer A group material to the permeable high molecular polymer B group material is: 2:1.
the polymer-based vegetation concrete prepared in example 1 of the present invention was compared with the products prepared in comparative examples 3 and 4, as shown in table 2.
TABLE 2
From Table 2, it can be seen that the embodiment 1 of the invention has compact and good appearance, can ensure plant growth, keeps moisture not to completely permeate in a period of time, has compressive strength reaching 0.60MP, and completely meets the plant growth requirement; comparative example 3 has poor molding, small compressive strength, no water retention and no satisfaction of plant growth requirements; comparative example 4 was strong in compactness but poor in penetration ability, impermeable to moisture, and caused water accumulation to affect plant growth. The compressive strength of the polymer-based vegetation concrete prepared by the invention ranges from 0.57 MP to 0.69MP, and meets the basic requirement of slope protection.
In order to further verify various technical effects of the polymer-based plant-growing concrete provided by the invention, test examples are provided by the invention, and the alkali thatch is planted on the polymer-based plant-growing concrete module.
Test examples
The polymer-based plant-growing concrete prepared by the invention adopts the alkali couch grass for plant-growing test, the growing condition in the alkali couch grass 15d is shown in fig. 2 and 3, the total nitrogen, the total phosphorus and the total organic matter content of the leaf blade are measured, and the measured data are shown in fig. 4, 5 and 6. As can be seen from FIGS. 2 and 3, the polymer-based vegetation concrete has good vegetation performance, the growing height of the alkali couch grass 10d is 12cm on average, the growing height of the alkali couch grass 15d is about 17cm, and the root system is developed and can penetrate through the concrete. As can be seen from fig. 4, 5 and 6, when the alkali couch grass grows for 15 days in the polymer-based plant-growing concrete, the total nitrogen content of the leaves and root systems is 1.0% -1.2%; the total phosphorus content is 0.06% -0.09%, the total organic matter content is 34% -38%, and the total nitrogen content, the total phosphorus content and the total organic matter content of the root system are all higher than those of the blade; the polymer-based vegetation concrete has good vegetation performance and meets the environment required by plant growth.
The invention realizes the method for reducing the alkali of the polymer-based plant-growing concrete, which has obvious effect, simple operation and no adverse effect; has the characteristics of light weight, high porosity, acid and alkali corrosion resistance and pH value meeting the growth requirements of most plants. Meanwhile, the polymer-based plant-growing concrete alkali-reducing method has simple construction process and no need of maintenance, and is more beneficial to the popularization and application of plant-growing concrete.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention.

Claims (6)

1. The polymer-based vegetation concrete is characterized by being prepared by mixing permeable high molecular polymers and crushed stone aggregates; the mass ratio of the permeable high molecular polymer to the crushed stone aggregate is 3-6:100; the permeable high molecular polymer is prepared by mixing a material of the group A and a material of the group B at normal temperature; the group A material is prepared from special polyether polyol, polyoxyethylene nonionic surfactant and flame retardant tri (1-chloro-2-propyl) phosphate; the material of the group B is prepared from a plasticizer and polymeric isocyanate, wherein the plasticizer in the material of the group B is dibutyl phthalate or/and palm oil;
the polymeric isocyanate is polyphenyl polymethylene polyisocyanate, toluene diisocyanate, hexamethylene diisocyanate or/and carbodiimide diisocyanate;
the mass ratio of the polymeric isocyanate to the plasticizer is 50-95:10-60; the volume ratio of the group A material to the group B material is 1:1;
the mass ratio of the special polyether polyol, the flame retardant tri (1-chloro-2-propyl) phosphate and the polyoxyethylene nonionic surfactant to the catalyst is as follows: 40-70: 30-60: 0.5 to 5:0.1 to 2;
the catalyst is as follows: triethylamine, diethylenetriamine, dimethylbenzylamine or/and pentamethyldiethylenetriamine; the single liquid density of the material of the A group is 1.26g/cm 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The single liquid density of the material of the B group is 1.17g/cm 3 。
2. The polymer-based vegetation concrete of claim 1 wherein the specialty polyether polyol is prepared from glycerol and ethylenediamine in a molar ratio of 1:1.5 to 2, and then grafting ethylene oxide.
3. The polymer-based vegetation concrete of claim 1 wherein the crushed stone aggregate has a particle size of 10-20mm.
4. The method for preparing polymer-based vegetation concrete as claimed in claim 1, wherein the permeable high molecular polymer is prepared, and then poured into the washed crushed stone aggregate for stirring; after the stirring materials are put into a test mould in two layers, manually vibrating, and then manually pressurizing by static force to level the upper surface of the polymer-based vegetation concrete; curing for 6 hours at the room temperature of 20 ℃, and forming and demolding the polymer-based plant-growing concrete; the mass ratio of the permeable high molecular polymer to the crushed stone aggregate is as follows: 3-6:100; the permeable high polymer is prepared by mixing a group A material and a group B material at normal temperature; the group A material is prepared from special polyether polyol, polyoxyethylene nonionic surfactant and flame retardant tri (1-chloro-2-propyl) phosphate; the B group material is prepared from a plasticizer and polymeric isocyanate; the volume ratio of the group A material to the group B material is 1:1.
5. The method for preparing polymer-based plant-growing concrete according to claim 4, wherein the mass ratio of the special polyether polyol, the flame retardant and the surfactant to the catalyst is: 40-70: 30-60: 0.5 to 5:0.1 to 2;
the catalyst is as follows: triethylamine, diethylenetriamine, dimethylbenzylamine or/and pentamethyldiethylenetriamine.
6. The method for preparing polymer-based vegetation concrete according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the plasticizer in the B group material is dibutyl phthalate or/and palm oil;
the polymeric isocyanate is polyphenyl polymethylene polyisocyanate, toluene diisocyanate, hexamethylene diisocyanate or/and carbodiimide diisocyanate;
the mass ratio of the polymeric isocyanate to the plasticizer is 50-95:10-60.
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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20020035545A (en) * 2002-04-19 2002-05-11 박승범 Manufacturing Methods of High Performance Planting Porous Concrete Utilizing Resined Granular Fertilizer
CN111808255A (en) * 2020-06-30 2020-10-23 中山大学 Permeation-cementing type polyurethane grouting material for soil body seepage prevention and reinforcement
CN114394807A (en) * 2022-03-02 2022-04-26 广西壮族自治区水利科学研究院 Porous plant-growing concrete capable of improving plant-growing performance

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20020035545A (en) * 2002-04-19 2002-05-11 박승범 Manufacturing Methods of High Performance Planting Porous Concrete Utilizing Resined Granular Fertilizer
CN111808255A (en) * 2020-06-30 2020-10-23 中山大学 Permeation-cementing type polyurethane grouting material for soil body seepage prevention and reinforcement
CN114394807A (en) * 2022-03-02 2022-04-26 广西壮族自治区水利科学研究院 Porous plant-growing concrete capable of improving plant-growing performance

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