CN115256936B - Five-axis material increasing and decreasing manufacturing device and material increasing and decreasing composite manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Five-axis material increasing and decreasing manufacturing device and material increasing and decreasing composite manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115256936B CN115256936B CN202211194459.0A CN202211194459A CN115256936B CN 115256936 B CN115256936 B CN 115256936B CN 202211194459 A CN202211194459 A CN 202211194459A CN 115256936 B CN115256936 B CN 115256936B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C64/205—Means for applying layers
- B29C64/209—Heads; Nozzles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C64/227—Driving means
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/30—Auxiliary operations or equipment
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/30—Auxiliary operations or equipment
- B29C64/307—Handling of material to be used in additive manufacturing
- B29C64/321—Feeding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/30—Auxiliary operations or equipment
- B29C64/379—Handling of additively manufactured objects, e.g. using robots
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y40/00—Auxiliary operations or equipment, e.g. for material handling
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y40/00—Auxiliary operations or equipment, e.g. for material handling
- B33Y40/20—Post-treatment, e.g. curing, coating or polishing
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of workpiece processing, and discloses a five-axis material increasing and decreasing manufacturing device and a material increasing and decreasing composite manufacturing method thereof, which effectively solve the problem that the workpiece is required to be fixed on a bearing table when the material is increased and decreased at present, the size of the workpiece is different, and the clamping effect on the workpiece is poor.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of workpiece machining, and particularly relates to a five-axis material increasing and decreasing manufacturing device and a material increasing and decreasing composite manufacturing method thereof.
Background
The most widely used additive manufacturing technology in the market is Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM), which uses a hot melt nozzle to melt a plastic or composite material matrix in the nozzle, extrude the molten plastic or composite material matrix, and solidify and shape the molten plastic or composite material matrix on a molding substrate. The surface of a molded part with complex inner and outer surface characteristics manufactured by a single fused deposition manufacturing technology has obvious stripe or step effect, the conditions of poor geometric precision and surface quality exist, the step effect needs to be reduced through post-treatment, the surface quality characteristics of the part are improved, the further development of the fused deposition manufacturing technology is limited, the multi-axis numerical control material reducing technology can carry out high-precision processing on a space curved surface of the complex part, and the ideal surface quality characteristics are obtained, therefore, the material increasing manufacturing technology and the material reducing manufacturing technology can be integrated on a printing platform, the respective advantages of the material increasing manufacturing and the material reducing manufacturing can be utilized, the integrated processing of the complex structure part is completed, the ideal part performance and the surface quality are obtained, and the material utilization rate and the functionality of the part are improved, but the following defects still exist:
when the material is added or reduced to the workpiece, the workpiece needs to be fixed on the bearing table, and the sizes of the workpieces are different, so that the workpiece is easy to clamp and shake in the machining process, and the material adding or reducing effect is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above situation, in order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a five-axis material increase and decrease manufacturing device and a material increase and decrease composite manufacturing method thereof, which effectively solve the problem that when a workpiece is subjected to material increase and decrease processing at present, the workpiece needs to be fixed on a bearing table, and the workpiece is different in size, so that the clamping effect on the workpiece is poor.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a five-axis material increasing and decreasing manufacturing device comprises a workbench, wherein supporting columns are mounted at four corners of the top end of the workbench, a top frame is mounted at the top ends of the supporting columns, a nozzle material increasing assembly is mounted at the bottom end of the top frame, a blade material decreasing assembly is mounted at the bottom end of the top frame, and a movable supporting assembly is mounted at the top end of the workbench;
nozzle vibration material disk subassembly is including installing the nozzle body on the roof-rack diapire, the internally mounted of nozzle body has spiral feeding rod, spiral feeding rod rotates with the interior roof of nozzle body to be connected, the top of spiral feeding rod and the output shaft fixed connection of third motor, third motor fixed mounting is on the roof of nozzle body, third motor external power supply, the inlet pipe is installed to one side of nozzle body, the inlet pipe is linked together with nozzle body is inside, install heating coil on the outer wall of inlet pipe, heating coil external power supply, the inside of inlet pipe is equipped with the stockline, the outer wall of stockline is hugged closely with the inner wall of inlet pipe, the outside of stockline is equipped with the moving member.
Preferably, the moving member is installed in the inlet pipe including the symmetry and is kept away from the bracing piece of nozzle body one end, the mounting panel is installed to the one end of bracing piece, the both sides of stockline are located to the mounting panel symmetry, the symmetry rotates between two mounting panels and is connected with the removal wheel, two remove the upper and lower both sides that the stockline was located respectively to the wheel, and two remove the wheel and all hug closely with the stockline, one of them removes the output shaft fixed connection of wheel and fourth motor, fourth motor and mounting panel fixed connection, first gear is all installed at the back that two removed the wheel, two first gear meshes mutually.
Preferably, the movable supporting component comprises a movable groove arranged on the top end of the workbench, an X-axis sliding groove is formed in the front and the back of the movable groove, a bracket is arranged inside the movable groove, first sliding blocks are symmetrically arranged at two ends of the bracket, the first sliding block is connected with the X-axis sliding groove in a sliding mode, a first screw rod is connected to the inside of one X-axis sliding groove in a rotating mode, one end of the first screw rod is fixedly connected with an output shaft of a first motor, the first motor is fixedly connected with the workbench, the first screw rod is connected with the first sliding block in a threaded mode, a Y-axis sliding groove is formed in the top end of the bracket, a second screw rod is connected to the inside of the Y-axis sliding groove in a rotating mode, one end of the second screw rod is fixedly connected with an output shaft of a second motor, the second motor is fixedly connected with the bracket, a second sliding block is connected to the inside of the Y-axis sliding groove in a sliding mode, the second sliding block is connected with the second screw rod in a threaded mode, and a bearing table is installed on the top end of the second sliding block.
Preferably, the sliding tray has been seted up to the top of plummer equidistance, and the sliding tray is provided with four, and the plummer sets up to square, and the inside sliding connection of plummer has splint, and splint keep away from one side at plummer center and rotate and be connected with adjusting screw, adjusting screw and plummer threaded connection install on the plummer and strengthen the centre gripping unit.
Preferably, strengthen the centre gripping unit and include the fixed block of equal angle installation on plummer top, fixed block and sliding tray looks adaptation, the inside equal movable mounting of two fixed blocks at the front and the back has first ejector pin, and the connecting plate is all installed to the one end that two first ejector pins kept away from each other, and the electro-magnet is all installed to one side that two connecting plates kept away from each other, and two electro-magnet magnetism are opposite, and first spring, first spring and fixed block fixed connection are installed to one side that the connecting plate is close to the fixed block.
Preferably, both sides equal swing joint of fixed block have the sleeve, two connecting plates are close to telescopic one side and all rotate and are connected with the dwang, and the dwang rotates with the sleeve to be connected, and telescopic inside movable mounting has the second ejector pin, and the second spring, second spring and telescopic inner wall fixed connection are installed to the one end of second ejector pin.
Preferably, the blade subtracts material subassembly is including installing the fixed cover on the roof-rack diapire, and the inside sliding connection of fixed cover has the movable block, and the movable block runs through to the bottom of fixed cover, and the inside groove has been seted up to the inside of movable block, and the inside groove runs through to the top of movable block, and the intercommunication groove has been seted up in the front of inside groove, and the rack is installed to inner wall one side of inside groove, and one side meshing of rack is connected with the second gear, the output shaft fixed connection of second gear and fifth motor, fifth motor and fixed cover fixed connection.
Preferably, the bottom of the movable block is provided with a clamping groove, the bottom of the movable block is provided with a cutter, the top end of the cutter is provided with a clamping block, the clamping block is clamped with the clamping groove, and the movable block is fixedly connected with the clamping block through a fixing bolt.
Preferably, the additive and subtractive composite manufacturing method of the five-axis additive and subtractive manufacturing device comprises the following operation steps:
1. placing a workpiece needing material increase and material decrease on a bearing table, screwing each adjusting screw rod, and pushing four clamping plates to clamp the workpiece;
2. the two electromagnets are electrified to drive the two first ejector rods and the two second ejector rods to generate pressure towards the workpiece on the four clamping plates, so that the clamping effect is improved;
3. starting a first motor to drive the bearing table to move along the X axial direction, and starting a second motor to drive the bearing table to move along the Y axial direction, so that the bearing table drives the workpiece to move along a preset track;
4. when the bearing table moves to the position below the nozzle body, the material line enters the feeding pipe and is heated and melted under the action of the heating coil, and the melted material line is pushed into the nozzle body and extruded along with the rotation of the spiral feeding rod to increase the material;
5. when the bearing table moves to the position below the fixed sleeve, the second gear rotates to drive the movable block to move up and down to adjust the cutting depth, and the cutter acts on the surface of the workpiece to cut the workpiece.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) According to the clamping device, each adjusting screw is screwed, so that the adjusting screw rotates to push the clamping plates to move towards a workpiece, the four clamping plates clamp the workpiece, the workpiece is convenient to process, then the two electromagnets are electrified to drive the two first ejector rods to mutually approach to generate pressure on the two clamping plates on the front and back of the workpiece, the two connecting plates mutually approach to each other, the rotating rod drives the sleeves on the two sides of the workpiece to mutually approach to compress the second spring, the clamping plates on the two sides of the workpiece generate pressure, and then the four clamping plates generate pressure towards the workpiece, so that the clamping stability of the workpiece is improved;
(2) According to the invention, the fourth motor is started, so that the upper moving wheel and the lower moving wheel of the material line rotate to push the material line to continuously enter the feeding pipe, the material line entering the feeding pipe is melted under the heating of the heating coil, the melted material line is extruded into the nozzle body along with the continuous entering of the material line, and then the material is discharged through the spiral feeding rod, so that the discharging continuity is ensured, and the material increasing effect is improved.
(3) According to the invention, the fifth motor is started, so that the second gear rotates, and the second gear is meshed with the rack, so that the movable block is driven to move up and down, the cutting depth is conveniently adjusted, the material reducing efficiency is improved, and meanwhile, the movable block is fixedly connected with the cutter through the fixing bolt, so that the cutter is convenient to replace.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention.
In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a five-axis additive and subtractive manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the mobile support assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a carrier stage according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the splint of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a reinforced clamping unit according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the sleeve structure of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a nozzle additive package of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the nozzle body according to the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a blade material reducing assembly according to the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a movable block according to the present invention;
in the figure: 1. a work table; 2. a support column; 3. a top frame; 4. moving the support assembly; 401. a moving groove; 402. an X-axis chute; 403. a bracket; 404. a first slider; 405. a first screw; 406. a first motor; 407. a Y-axis chute; 408. a second screw; 409. a second motor; 410. a second slider; 411. a bearing table; 412. a sliding groove; 413. a splint; 414. adjusting the screw rod; 415. a reinforcing clamping unit; 4151. a fixed block; 4152. a first ejector rod; 4153. a connecting plate; 4154. an electromagnet; 4155. a first spring; 4156. a sleeve; 4157. rotating the rod; 4158. a second ejector rod; 4159. a second spring; 5. a nozzle additive package; 501. a nozzle body; 502. a screw feed rod; 503. a third motor; 504. a feed pipe; 505. a heating coil; 506. a stockline; 507. mounting a plate; 508. a support bar; 509. a moving wheel; 510. a fourth motor; 511. a first gear; 6. a blade relief assembly; 601. fixing a sleeve; 602. a movable block; 603. a fifth motor; 604. an inner tank; 605. a communicating groove; 606. a rack; 607. a second gear; 608. a card slot; 609. a clamping block; 610. a cutter; 611. and (5) fixing the bolt.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments; all other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the first embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 to 10, the present invention includes a workbench 1, support columns 2 are installed at four corners of the top end of the workbench 1, a top frame 3 is installed at the top end of the support columns 2, a nozzle material-adding component 5 is installed at the bottom end of the top frame 3, a blade material-reducing component 6 is installed at the bottom end of the top frame 3, and a movable support component 4 is installed at the top end of the workbench 1;
the movable support component 4 comprises a movable groove 401 arranged at the top end of the workbench 1, the front and the back of the movable groove 401 are both provided with X-axis sliding grooves 402, a bracket 403 is arranged inside the movable groove 401, two ends of the bracket 403 are symmetrically provided with first sliding blocks 404, the first sliding blocks 404 are in sliding connection with the X-axis sliding grooves 402, one of the X-axis sliding grooves 402 is connected with a first screw 405 in a rotating manner, one end of the first screw 405 is fixedly connected with an output shaft of a first motor 406, the first motor 406 is fixedly connected with the workbench 1, the first screw 405 is in threaded connection with the first sliding block 404, the top end of the bracket 403 is provided with a Y-axis sliding groove 407, the inside of the Y-axis sliding groove 407 is connected with a second screw 408 in a rotating manner, one end of the second screw 408 is fixedly connected with an output shaft of a second motor 409, the second motor 409 is fixedly connected with the bracket 403, and the inside of the Y-axis sliding groove 407 is connected with a second sliding block 410 in a sliding manner, the second slider 410 is in threaded connection with the second screw 408, the top end of the second slider 410 is provided with a bearing table 411, the top end of the bearing table 411 is provided with four sliding grooves 412 at equal angles, the bearing table 411 is square, a clamping plate 413 is slidably connected inside the bearing table 411, one side, away from the center of the bearing table 411, of the clamping plate 413 is rotatably connected with an adjusting screw 414, the adjusting screw 414 is in threaded connection with the bearing table 411, a reinforcing clamping unit 415 is arranged on the bearing table 411, the reinforcing clamping unit 415 comprises a fixed block 4151 which is arranged at the top end of the bearing table 411 at equal angles, the fixed block 4151 is matched with the sliding grooves 412, a first ejector rod 4152 is movably arranged inside each of the two fixed blocks 4151 on the front side and the back side, one end, away from each other, of the two first ejector rods 4152 is respectively provided with a connecting plate 4153, one side, away from each other, of the two 4153 is provided with an electromagnet 4154, and the two electromagnets 4154 have opposite magnetism, the connecting plates 4153 are provided with a first spring 4155 at one side close to the fixed block 4151, the first spring 4155 is fixedly connected with the fixed block 4151, the fixed blocks 4151 at two sides are movably connected with a sleeve 4156, one sides of the two connecting plates 4153 close to the sleeve 4156 are rotatably connected with a rotating rod 4157, the rotating rod 4157 is rotatably connected with the sleeve 4156, a second ejector 4158 is movably arranged in the sleeve 4156, one end of the second ejector 4158 is provided with a second spring 4159, and the second spring 4159 is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the sleeve 4156.
The nozzle material adding assembly 5 comprises a nozzle body 501 installed on the bottom wall of the top frame 3, a spiral feeding rod 502 is installed inside the nozzle body 501, the spiral feeding rod 502 is rotatably connected with the inner top wall of the nozzle body 501, the top end of the spiral feeding rod 502 is fixedly connected with an output shaft of a third motor 503, the third motor 503 is fixedly installed on the top wall of the nozzle body 501, a third motor 503 is externally connected with a power supply, a feeding pipe 504 is installed on one side of the nozzle body 501, the feeding pipe 504 is communicated with the inside of the nozzle body 501, a heating coil 505 is installed on the outer wall of the feeding pipe 504, the heating coil 505 is externally connected with the power supply, a material line 506 is arranged inside the feeding pipe 504, the outer wall of the material line 506 is tightly attached to the inner wall of the feeding pipe 504, a moving member is arranged outside the material line 506 and comprises a supporting rod 508 symmetrically installed at one end of the feeding pipe 504 far away from the nozzle body 501, a mounting plate 507 is installed at one end of the supporting rod 508, the mounting plates 507 are symmetrically arranged at two sides of the material line 506, moving wheels 509 are symmetrically connected with moving wheels 509, the moving wheels are symmetrically and are connected with a moving wheel 510 fixedly connected with a moving wheel 509, and two motor wheels 511 which are fixedly connected with a fourth motor 511, and a first motor 511 which is installed at the back of the motor.
The blade material reducing assembly 6 comprises a fixing sleeve 601 installed on the bottom wall of the top frame 3, a movable block 602 is connected inside the fixing sleeve 601 in a sliding mode, the movable block 602 penetrates through the bottom end of the fixing sleeve 601, an inner groove 604 is formed inside the movable block 602, the inner groove 604 penetrates through the top end of the movable block 602, a communicating groove 605 is formed in the front face of the inner groove 604, a rack 606 is installed on one side of the inner wall of the inner groove 604, a second gear 607 is connected to one side of the rack 606 in a meshed mode, the second gear 607 is fixedly connected with an output shaft of a fifth motor 603, the fifth motor 603 is fixedly connected with the fixing sleeve 601, a clamping groove 608 is formed in the bottom end of the movable block 602, a cutter 610 is arranged at the bottom end of the movable block 602, a clamping block 609 is installed at the top end of the cutter 610, the clamping block 609 is clamped with the clamping groove 608, and the movable block 602 is fixedly connected with the clamping block 609 through a fixing bolt 611.
The working principle is as follows: when the clamping device is used, a workpiece needing material increase and material decrease is placed on the bearing table 411, each adjusting screw 414 is screwed, the adjusting screw 414 is in threaded connection with the workbench 1, and meanwhile, the adjusting screw 414 is in rotational connection with the clamping plate 413, so that the adjusting screw 414 is rotated to push the clamping plate 413 to move towards the workpiece, and the four clamping plates 413 clamp the workpiece, so that the machining is facilitated;
the first motor 406 is started to drive the first screw 405 to rotate, the bearing table 411X is driven to move axially due to the threaded connection of the first screw 405 and the first sliding block 404, the second motor 409 is started to drive the second screw 408 to rotate, the bearing table 411Y is driven to move axially due to the threaded connection of the second screw 408 and the second sliding block 410, the bearing table 411 moves along a preset track under the combined action of the first motor 406 and the second motor 409 to perform material increase and decrease processing, when the bearing table 411 moves below the nozzle body 501, material increase processing is performed, and when the bearing table 411 moves below the fixed sleeve 601, material decrease processing is performed;
when the plummer 411 moves to the lower part of the nozzle body 501, the fourth motor 510 is started at this time, so as to drive the moving wheel 509 to rotate, under the action of the two first gears 511, the upper moving wheel 509 and the lower moving wheel 509 of the material line 506 rotate and drive the material line 506 to continuously enter the feeding pipe 504 under the action of friction force, the heating coil 505 on the outer side of the feeding pipe 504 is electrified to heat and melt the material line 506 entering the feeding pipe 504, the melted material line 506 is extruded into the nozzle body 501 along with the continuous entering of the material line 506, and meanwhile, the third motor 503 is started to drive the spiral feeding rod 502 to rotate, so as to drive the melted material line 506 to be extruded from the bottom of the nozzle body 501, so that the discharging continuity is realized, the material adding effect is improved, and the melted material line 506 is extruded to the top end of a workpiece;
when plummer 411 moves to fixed cover 601 below, after cutter 610 and work piece contact, cut workpiece surface under the effect of cutter 610, thereby subtract the material, in cutting process, open fifth motor 603, thereby make second gear 607 rotate, and second gear 607 meshes with rack 606 mutually, thereby after second gear 607 rotates, drive movable block 602 and reciprocate, thereby conveniently adjust the depth of cut, improve and subtract material efficiency, movable block 602 and cutter 610 pass through fixing bolt 611 fixed connection simultaneously, thereby make things convenient for cutter 610 to change.
Claims (4)
1. The five-axis material increasing and decreasing manufacturing device comprises a workbench (1), and is characterized in that: supporting columns (2) are mounted at four corners of the top end of the workbench (1), an upper frame (3) is mounted at the top end of each supporting column (2), a nozzle material increasing assembly (5) is mounted at the bottom end of each upper frame (3), a blade material reducing assembly (6) is mounted at the bottom end of each upper frame (3), and a movable supporting assembly (4) is mounted at the top end of the workbench (1);
the nozzle additive package (5) comprises a nozzle body (501) arranged on the bottom wall of a top frame (3), a spiral feeding rod (502) is arranged inside the nozzle body (501), the spiral feeding rod (502) is rotatably connected with the inner top wall of the nozzle body (501), the top end of the spiral feeding rod (502) is fixedly connected with an output shaft of a third motor (503), the third motor (503) is fixedly arranged on the top wall of the nozzle body (501), the third motor (503) is externally connected with a power supply, a feeding pipe (504) is arranged on one side of the nozzle body (501), the feeding pipe (504) is communicated with the inside of the nozzle body (501), a heating coil (505) is arranged on the outer wall of the feeding pipe (504), the heating coil (505) is externally connected with the power supply, a material line (506) is arranged inside the feeding pipe (504), the outer wall of the material line (506) is connected with the inner wall of the feeding pipe (504), a moving member is arranged on the outer side of the material line (506), the moving member comprises a supporting rod (508) symmetrically arranged on one end of the feeding pipe (504) far away from one end of the nozzle body (501), a mounting plate (507) is arranged on one end of the two symmetrical moving wheel (507), two symmetrical moving wheels (509) which are respectively connected with two symmetrical moving wheels (507), the two moving wheels (509) are tightly attached to the material line (506), one of the moving wheels (509) is fixedly connected with an output shaft of a fourth motor (510), the fourth motor (510) is fixedly connected with the mounting plate (507), first gears (511) are mounted on the back surfaces of the two moving wheels (509), and the two first gears (511) are meshed with each other;
the movable supporting component (4) comprises a movable groove (401) arranged at the top end of the workbench (1), the front side and the back side of the movable groove (401) are respectively provided with an X-axis sliding groove (402), a bracket (403) is arranged inside the movable groove (401), first sliding blocks (404) are symmetrically arranged at two ends of the bracket (403), the first sliding blocks (404) are in sliding connection with the X-axis sliding grooves (402), a first screw (405) is rotatably connected inside one X-axis sliding groove (402), one end of the first screw (405) is fixedly connected with an output shaft of a first motor (406), the first motor (406) is fixedly connected with the workbench (1), the first screw (405) is in threaded connection with the first sliding block (404), a Y-axis sliding groove (407) is arranged at the top end of the bracket (403), a second screw (408) is rotatably connected inside the Y-axis sliding groove (407), one end of the second screw (408) is fixedly connected with an output shaft of a second motor (409), the second motor (409) is fixedly connected with the bracket (403), a sliding groove (411) is fixedly connected with a sliding block (407), a second sliding table bearing platform (410) with a sliding groove (410) with a bearing platform (411) at an angle, and the like, four sliding grooves (412) are arranged, the bearing table (411) is square, a clamping plate (413) is connected to the inside of each sliding groove (412) in a sliding mode, one side, far away from the center of the bearing table (411), of the clamping plate (413) is rotatably connected with an adjusting screw rod (414), the adjusting screw rod (414) is in threaded connection with the bearing table (411), and a reinforcing clamping unit (415) is installed on the bearing table (411);
the reinforced clamping unit (415) comprises fixed blocks (4151) which are arranged at the top end of a bearing table (411) at equal angles, the fixed blocks (4151) are matched with a sliding groove (412), first ejector rods (4152) are movably arranged inside the two fixed blocks (4151) on the front surface and the back surface, connecting plates (4153) are arranged at one ends, far away from each other, of the two first ejector rods (4152), electromagnets (4154) are arranged on one sides, far away from each other, of the two connecting plates (4153), the magnetism of the two electromagnets (4154) is opposite, first springs (4155) are arranged on one sides, close to the fixed blocks (4151), of the connecting plates (4153), the first springs (4155) are fixedly connected with the fixed blocks (4151), the fixed blocks (4151) on the two sides are movably connected with sleeves (4156), rotating rods (4157) are rotatably connected on one sides, close to the sleeves (4156), the rotating rods (4157) are rotatably connected with the sleeves (4156), second ejector rods (4159) are movably arranged inside the sleeves (4156), and the inner walls of the second springs (4159) are fixedly connected with the sleeves (4159).
2. The five-axis additive/subtractive manufacturing apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: the blade subtracts material subassembly (6) is including installing fixed cover (601) on roof-rack (3) diapire, the inside sliding connection of fixed cover (601) has movable block (602), movable block (602) run through to the bottom of fixed cover (601), inside groove (604) have been seted up to the inside of movable block (602), inside groove (604) run through to the top of movable block (602), intercommunication groove (605) have been seted up in the front of inside groove (604), rack (606) are installed to inner wall one side of inside groove (604), one side meshing of rack (606) is connected with second gear (607), the output shaft fixed connection of second gear (607) and fifth motor (603), fifth motor (603) and fixed cover (601) fixed connection.
3. The five-axis additive/subtractive manufacturing apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that: the bottom end of the movable block (602) is provided with a clamping groove (608), the bottom end of the movable block (602) is provided with a cutter (610), the top end of the cutter (610) is provided with a clamping block (609), the clamping block (609) is clamped with the clamping groove (608), and the movable block (602) is fixedly connected with the clamping block (609) through a fixing bolt (611).
4. The additive and subtractive composite manufacturing method for a five-axis additive and subtractive manufacturing apparatus according to claim 3, comprising the steps of:
1. placing a workpiece needing material increase and decrease on a bearing table (411), screwing each adjusting screw rod (414), and pushing four clamping plates (413) to clamp the workpiece;
2. the two electromagnets (4154) are electrified to drive the two first ejector rods (4152) and the two second ejector rods (4158) to generate pressure towards the workpiece on the four clamping plates, so that the clamping effect is improved;
3. starting a first motor (406) to drive a bearing table (411) to move along the X axial direction, starting a second motor (409) to drive the bearing table (411) to move along the Y axial direction, and thus, the bearing table (411) drives a workpiece to move along a preset track;
4. when the bearing table (411) moves to the lower part of the nozzle body (501), after entering the feeding pipe (504), the material line (506) is heated and melted under the action of the heating coil (505), and the melted material line (506) is pushed into the nozzle body (501) to be extruded out for material increase along with the rotation of the spiral feeding rod (502);
5. when the bearing table (411) moves to the lower part of the fixed sleeve (601), the second gear (607) rotates to drive the movable block (602) to move up and down to adjust the cutting depth, and the cutter (610) acts on the surface of the workpiece to cut the workpiece.
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