CN115254398B - Method for pre-dressing waste disposal and overgrinding reduction of gold ore - Google Patents

Method for pre-dressing waste disposal and overgrinding reduction of gold ore Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115254398B
CN115254398B CN202211063076.XA CN202211063076A CN115254398B CN 115254398 B CN115254398 B CN 115254398B CN 202211063076 A CN202211063076 A CN 202211063076A CN 115254398 B CN115254398 B CN 115254398B
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minerals
fraction
overgrinding
heavy medium
gold
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CN115254398A (en
Inventor
徐超
李光胜
朱幸福
蔡明明
卢中博
陈艳波
吉强
张军童
高腾跃
秦广林
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Shandong Gold Mining Industry Technology Co ltd Xuanye Laboratory Branch
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Shandong Gold Mining Industry Technology Co ltd Xuanye Laboratory Branch
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Publication of CN115254398A publication Critical patent/CN115254398A/en
Priority to PCT/CN2023/092980 priority patent/WO2024045687A2/en
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03BSEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
    • B03B7/00Combinations of wet processes or apparatus with other processes or apparatus, e.g. for dressing ores or garbage
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02CCRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C23/00Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
    • B02C23/08Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating
    • B02C23/10Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating with separator arranged in discharge path of crushing or disintegrating zone
    • B02C23/12Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating with separator arranged in discharge path of crushing or disintegrating zone with return of oversize material to crushing or disintegrating zone
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02CCRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C23/00Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
    • B02C23/08Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating
    • B02C23/14Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating with more than one separator
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03BSEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
    • B03B9/00General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Separation Of Solids By Using Liquids Or Pneumatic Power (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a method for gold ore preselecting, discarding and reducing overgrinding, which comprises the steps of screening and classifying cyclone sand in a gold ore grinding classification closed circulation system to obtain coarse-fraction minerals, intermediate-fraction minerals and fine-fraction minerals; then returning the coarse-fraction minerals to a ball mill for regrinding, and feeding the intermediate-fraction minerals to a heavy medium separation system to obtain heavy medium separation tailings as waste rocks for treatment, and returning the obtained heavy medium separation concentrate to the ball mill for regrinding; and finally, carrying out flash flotation on the fine fraction mineral to obtain high-grade gold concentrate as a product, and returning the obtained flash flotation tailings to a ball mill for regrinding. The method can realize the high-efficiency separation between main useful minerals and gangue minerals in the gold mine, and obviously reduce the amount of ore entering a flotation process; the useful minerals dissociated from the monomers in the ore grinding classification closed circuit can be floated in advance, and the influence of overgrinding on Au recovery rate caused by continuous cyclic accumulation of the minerals in the cyclone classification process due to large specific gravity is avoided.

Description

Method for pre-dressing waste disposal and overgrinding reduction of gold ore
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for pre-dressing waste disposal and overgrinding reduction of gold ores, and belongs to the technical field of ore dressing.
Background
In the ore grinding classification circuit, there are different degrees of overgrinding of the ore. The degree of overpolish is more severe for those ores that are dense, brittle, and fragile. The overgrinding not only causes great loss of valuable heavy metals, but also reduces the production capacity of the ore mill and increases the energy consumption, and the overgrinding directly affects the economic benefit of the ore dressing plant. In addition, the sliming phenomenon caused by overgrinding also causes great difficulty in subsequent operations such as sorting and dehydration. The hydraulic classification has the principle defects, and the method for improving the equipment parameters and the technological process cannot be overcome, so that the currently adopted measures for improving the classification efficiency, such as the introduction of screening operation, secondary classification, a Hu-base cone hydraulic classifier, hu Jishai and the like, have limited effects on solving the overgrinding problem of valuable heavy minerals.
Development of gold ore resources and generation of a large amount of tailings restrict development of mining enterprises. Therefore, from the perspective of green and energy-saving mine construction, the adoption of a dense medium ore dressing technology for preselecting and tailing discarding has a certain practical significance. The coarse fraction waste rock can be used as underground refilling aggregate or building material aggregate, so that the tailing amount is reduced, and the service life of a tailing pond is prolonged. At present, the heavy medium pre-selection and separation technology in China is not widely applied to the aspect of nonferrous metal separation. The technology has more application examples in foreign copper, lead, zinc, tungsten and other metal ore separation. The gold ore resources are calculated by g/t of main elements, and the content of the main elements is much lower than that of other metal ores, so that the separation difficulty by adopting a heavy medium is high.
The invention patent application with publication number of CN113634346A relates to a non-ferrous metal ore preselection waste disposal method, which mainly comprises the following technical means: (1) Crushing nonferrous metal ore raw ores, and then carrying out first screening classification to obtain first coarse ores, first fine ores and first qualified ores; (2) Intelligent ore separation is carried out on the first coarse ore to obtain first coarse concentrate and gangue tailings; (3) Crushing the first rough concentrate, and then carrying out second screening classification to obtain second fine ore and second qualified ore; (4) Carrying out heavy medium beneficiation on the first fine ore and the second fine ore to obtain concentrate and gangue tailings; the concentrate is qualified ore.
The main disadvantages of the above-mentioned patent technology are: the patent is applicable to nonferrous metal ore raw ores, the crushing granularity of the raw ores is relatively coarse, in the implementation process of gold mines, gold is used as a main element of gold ore resources, the content is in g/t, and the dissociation degree is insufficient and cannot achieve the heavy medium separation effect; the method combines the particularity of gold ore resources and the sorting applicability of heavy media, sorts by taking cyclone sand setting as a raw material, sorts the fully-dissociated useful minerals and gangue minerals by taking process mineralogy analysis as a basis, and obtains the heavy media sorting tailings lower than the gold grade of the flotation tailings.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems of fully utilizing the close embedding relationship between pyrite and gold ore, the specific gravity difference between pyrite and gangue minerals, the easy floating property of pyrite and the like, and provides a method which has good separation effect and strong adaptability to gold ore and can solve the overgrinding problem of an ore grinding classification system.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A method for pre-dressing and discarding gold ore and reducing overgrinding is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Screening and classifying the cyclone sand setting in the gold ore grinding classification closed circulation system to obtain coarse-fraction minerals, intermediate-fraction minerals and fine-fraction minerals; the particle size of the coarse fraction minerals is more than or equal to 3mm, and the particle size of the fine fraction minerals is less than or equal to 0.5mm;
(2) Returning the coarse-fraction minerals to a ball mill for regrinding;
(3) The intermediate-grade minerals enter a heavy medium separation system to obtain heavy medium separation tailings which are treated as waste rocks, and the obtained heavy medium separation concentrate is returned to the ball mill for regrinding;
(4) And carrying out flash flotation on the fine-fraction minerals to obtain high-grade gold concentrate as a product, and returning the obtained flash flotation tailings to a ball mill for regrinding.
Preferably, the particle size of the coarse fraction mineral is not less than 5mm.
Preferably, the fine fraction mineral is 0.25mm or less.
Preferably, the medium-grade minerals enter a heavy medium separation system to obtain heavy medium separation tailings as waste rocks for treatment, the waste disposal yield is determined according to the Au grade of the tailings, the Au grade of the tailings is less than or equal to 0.15g/t, more preferably less than or equal to 0.1g/t, and the waste rocks are used as building sand and filling materials; and (5) returning the obtained heavy medium separated concentrate to a ball mill for regrinding.
Further preferably, the Au grade of the tailings is less than or equal to 0.1g/t.
Preferably, the dense medium sorting system comprises dense medium liquid preparation, screening and de-mediating and magnetic washing.
Preferably, the heavy medium used for sorting the heavy medium is ferrosilicon powder.
Preferably, the fine fraction minerals are subjected to flash flotation to obtain high-grade gold concentrate as a product, the gold grade is more than or equal to 60g/t, and the obtained flash flotation tailings are returned to the ball mill for regrinding.
Preferably, the gold ore is quartz vein type gold ore.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following positive effects:
According to the invention, the cyclone sand setting of the ore grinding classification closed circuit system is subjected to particle size classification, and the treatment processes of ores with different particle sizes are reasonably designed by means of the combination of closed circuit screening, dense medium separation and flash flotation, so that the effects of returning coarse-size cyclone sand setting to ore grinding, tailing discarding of intermediate-size cyclone sand setting, pre-enrichment, flash flotation of fine-size products and the like are achieved. The method provided by the invention can realize the high-efficiency separation between main useful minerals and gangue minerals in the gold mine, obviously reduce the amount of ore entering a flotation process and save the cost; the method can also be used for flotation separation of useful minerals for monomer dissociation in a grinding classification closed circuit in advance, avoids continuous cyclic accumulation of the minerals in the cyclone classification process due to large specific gravity, influences Au recovery rate due to overgrinding, and provides technical support for improving economic benefits of gold ores, green and efficient development and resource utilization of mines.
Compared with the aforesaid invention patent application with publication number CN113634346A, which relates to a non-ferrous metal ore preselection waste disposal method, the invention has the following technical advantages: the method is better suitable for gold ore resource pre-selection waste disposal, waste disposal tailings with gold grade lower than that of the flotation tailings are obtained, and waste disposal yield is higher; and this patent will throw useless in advance and restrain the overgrinding and be applied to same raw materials, it is convenient to implement, uses extensively.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the yield and distribution of tailings under the condition of different density of (-5mm+0.28mm) sample heavy medium sorting in the example of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the yield and distribution of tailings under the condition of different density of (-2mm+0.28mm) sample heavy medium sorting in the example of the present invention.
Detailed Description
For a better understanding and implementation of the present invention, the present invention is further described below in connection with specific examples.
The method of the present invention comprises a series of process steps which may be carried out in equipment meeting the desired process conditions.
As shown in fig. 1, the crude ore is ground, the product is pumped to a cyclone for classification, the cyclone overflows into a main flotation operation, and coarse-size-fraction minerals, intermediate-size-fraction minerals and fine-size-fraction minerals are obtained after cyclone sand setting is screened by a double-layer vibrating screen.
Returning coarse fraction minerals to the ball mill;
fine fraction minerals enter a flash flotation system, flash flotation concentrate is used as a product for sale, and the flash flotation tailings return to the ball mill;
The medium-grade minerals enter a heavy medium separation system, heavy medium (ferrosilicon powder) and medium-grade minerals are uniformly mixed in a heavy medium stirring barrel and pumped into a heavy medium cyclone, heavy medium separation concentrate is discharged from the underflow of the cyclone, screened and medium-removed oversize products are washed by a washing sieve and then fed into a ball mill, and separation tailings are discharged from the overflow of the cyclone, screened and medium-removed oversize products are washed by the washing sieve and then are thrown out as final tailings. The products below the two medium-removing vibrating screens are dehydrated and returned to the heavy medium stirring barrel, and water is recycled.
Example 1
The application condition of the flash flotation of the cyclone sand setting fine-particle grade product is as follows: the concentrate grade of a sand setting fine-particle product (less than or equal to 0.25 mm) of a certain gold ore cyclone is 77.23g/t under the conditions that the flotation concentration is 60 percent and the flotation time is 1min, the yield is 2.45 percent, the Au recovery rate is 44.18 percent, the recovery rate of pyrite monomer and other metal sulfide symbiont is 95.43 percent, and the recovery rate of the rich intergrowth is 80.61 percent, so that the aim of separating useful minerals by pre-flotation monomers is achieved, and the overgrinding problem can be effectively inhibited.
Example 2
The method comprises the following steps of (1) sorting sand setting heavy medium of a mine cyclone:
samples of cyclone sand setting (-5mm+0.28 mm) and (-2mm+0.28 mm) were prepared respectively, and a dense medium cyclone beneficiation test was performed, and test data are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 results of dense media beneficiation test
And drawing a tailing yield and distribution rate curve (-5mm+0.28mm) under the conditions of separating the sample heavy medium with different densities according to the heavy medium separation test result, wherein the tailing yield and distribution rate curve (-2mm+0.28mm) under the conditions of separating the sample heavy medium with different densities is shown in the figures 2 and 3.
The heavy medium sorting result shows that:
(1) Along with the continuous increase of the density of the heavy medium, the yield of tailings is continuously increased, and the distribution rate of the concentrate Au and S is in a decreasing trend.
(2) Compared with the Au grade in tailings, the separation effect of 2mm+0.28mm samples is slightly better than-5mm+0.28mm.
(3) Under the condition that the separation density of a 2mm+0.28mm sample is 1.92g/m < 3 >, the yield of tailings is 47.69%, the grades of Au and S in the tailings are 0.17g/t and 0.1%, and the distribution rates of Au and S in concentrate are 94.14% and 93.58%, respectively.
Example 3
Some mine cyclone sand setting flash flotation and heavy medium separation conditions: sieving the cyclone sand by a 5mm vibrating screen and a 0.25mm vibrating screen respectively to obtain coarse fraction minerals (more than 5 mm), intermediate fraction minerals (0.25-5 mm) and fine fraction minerals (more than 0.25 mm). The separation medium is a dense medium liquid prepared from ferrosilicon powder and water. The results of the heavy media sorting test performed on the coarse fraction and the intermediate fraction minerals are shown in table 2.
Table 2, coarse fraction and intermediate fraction mineral dense media separation test results
The test results show that: the coarse fraction minerals have the defects that the dissociation degree of the monomer is insufficient, the Au grade of tailings is greatly fluctuated, and a stable tailing-throwing product cannot be obtained, so that the product needs to be returned to a ball mill for regrinding; the intermediate grade products can obtain better tail-throwing products and lower tail-throwing Au grade (less than or equal to 0.15g/t and lower than the Au grade of flotation tailings) in each grade section.
The fine fraction (< 0.25 mm) was subjected to flash flotation and the test results are shown in Table 3.
TABLE 3 flash flotation test results for fine fraction products at different flotation concentrations
The flotation concentration test results show that: along with the increase of the flotation concentration, the Au grade of the concentrate and the Au recovery rate all show a trend of rising and then reducing; the recovery rate was highest at a flotation concentration of 55% and the concentrate grade was highest at a flotation concentration of 60% (77.95 g/t).

Claims (6)

1. A method for pre-dressing and discarding gold ore and reducing overgrinding is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Screening and classifying the cyclone sand setting in the gold ore grinding classification closed circulation system to obtain coarse-fraction minerals, intermediate-fraction minerals and fine-fraction minerals; the particle size of the coarse fraction minerals is more than or equal to 3mm, and the particle size of the fine fraction minerals is less than or equal to 0.5mm;
(2) Returning the coarse-fraction minerals to a ball mill for regrinding;
(3) The intermediate-grade minerals enter a heavy medium separation system to obtain heavy medium separation tailings which are treated as waste rocks, and the obtained heavy medium separation concentrate is returned to the ball mill for regrinding; determining waste disposal yield according to the Au grade of tailings, wherein the Au grade of the tailings is less than or equal to 0.15g/t, and the waste stone is used as building sand and filling material;
(4) Carrying out flash flotation on the fine-fraction minerals to obtain high-grade gold concentrate with gold grade more than or equal to 60g/t as a product, and returning the obtained flash flotation tailings to a ball mill for regrinding;
the gold ore is quartz vein type gold ore.
2. The method for pre-dressing and reducing overgrinding of gold ore according to claim 1, wherein: the particle size of the coarse-grain minerals is more than or equal to 5mm.
3. The method for pre-dressing and reducing overgrinding of gold ore according to claim 1, wherein: the size of the fine-grained minerals is less than or equal to 0.25mm.
4. A method for pre-dressing waste disposal and reducing overgrinding of gold ore according to claim 3, wherein: the Au grade of the tailings is less than or equal to 0.1g/t.
5. A method for pre-dressing waste disposal and reducing overgrinding of gold ore according to claim 3, wherein: the heavy medium sorting system comprises heavy medium liquid preparation, screening and medium removal and magnetic separation.
6. The method for pre-dressing and reducing overgrinding of gold ore according to claim 5, wherein: the heavy medium used by the heavy medium sorting system is ferrosilicon powder; the flotation concentration of flash flotation of the fine fraction product was 60%.
CN202211063076.XA 2022-09-01 2022-09-01 Method for pre-dressing waste disposal and overgrinding reduction of gold ore Active CN115254398B (en)

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