CN115251068A - Special growth regulating composition for tomatoes - Google Patents
Special growth regulating composition for tomatoes Download PDFInfo
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- CN115251068A CN115251068A CN202210483877.5A CN202210483877A CN115251068A CN 115251068 A CN115251068 A CN 115251068A CN 202210483877 A CN202210483877 A CN 202210483877A CN 115251068 A CN115251068 A CN 115251068A
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- toluene
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- tomatoes
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- 235000007688 Lycopersicon esculentum Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 79
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
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- 240000003768 Solanum lycopersicum Species 0.000 title claims description 77
- REZQBEBOWJAQKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N triacontan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO REZQBEBOWJAQKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 44
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- RMOGWMIKYWRTKW-UONOGXRCSA-N (S,S)-paclobutrazol Chemical compound C([C@@H]([C@@H](O)C(C)(C)C)N1N=CN=C1)C1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 RMOGWMIKYWRTKW-UONOGXRCSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/64—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with three nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/647—Triazoles; Hydrogenated triazoles
- A01N43/653—1,2,4-Triazoles; Hydrogenated 1,2,4-triazoles
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N31/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic oxygen or sulfur compounds
- A01N31/02—Acyclic compounds
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N33/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic nitrogen compounds
- A01N33/02—Amines; Quaternary ammonium compounds
- A01N33/12—Quaternary ammonium compounds
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01P—BIOCIDAL, PEST REPELLANT, PEST ATTRACTANT OR PLANT GROWTH REGULATORY ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR PREPARATIONS
- A01P21/00—Plant growth regulators
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a special growth regulating composition for tomatoes, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5-10 parts of chlormequat chloride, 10-15 parts of triacontanol, 5-8 parts of paclobutrazol and 10-12 parts of jasmonate compound. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following universality: the application of various growth regulators to the field of tomatoes can effectively play the self-role of different regulators, improve the growth conditions and the planting environment of plants and promote the yield and the quality of the plants to be effectively improved; has the advantages of optimization: paying attention to the actual condition of treating the tomato plants by the plant growth regulator, paying attention to comparison, and selecting a proper period and spraying concentration; has pertinence: the growth regulator has stronger pertinence and specialty, can effectively solve the problem of tomato growth and has less negative effects.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural planting, in particular to a special growth regulating composition for tomatoes.
Background
The tomatoes are one of the crops with the largest planting area and yield value in the production of facility vegetables, have the characteristics of high nutritive value, considerable yield and benefit and the like, are popular with growers and consumers, currently, the tomato planting and processing scale is in the third world in China, and the export accounts for about 30% of the world trade volume. Because the tomatoes planted in large scale are mainly cultivated in facilities at present, the pollination and fruit setting effects are not ideal by utilizing natural conditions, and the yield is low, the plant growth regulator is universally used in the tomato planting process to play the roles of improving the pollination and fruit setting rates, preserving flowers and fruits and increasing the yield.
The chlormequat chloride is mainly used for preventing tomato seedlings from overgrowing, after the seedlings are treated by the chlormequat chloride, the elongation of cells in vivo is inhibited, but cell division is not influenced, so internodes are shortened, stalks are thickened, leaf colors are deepened, plants are dwarf, leaves are shortened, widened and thickened, the chlorophyll content is improved, the photosynthesis is enhanced, and flower bud differentiation is facilitated, so that the effects of preventing overgrowth and increasing yield are tested; 2,4-D flower soaking can prevent tomato flower and fruit dropping and increase early yield; the ethephon is applied to the tomatoes in the harvesting period to promote the early ripening of the fruits, is generally applied to production, has obvious effect, can be ripened in advance to increase the early yield, and is very beneficial to the ripening of the tomatoes in the later period. In summary, in order to effectively solve the defects existing in the traditional tomato planting process, the application of the plant growth regulator must be paid high attention, and the application points need to be analyzed to ensure that the experiment and analysis work can be reasonably carried out, the application advantages of the plant growth regulator can be mastered, and the effect can be analyzed.
Chinese patent CN 101810169A discloses a plant growth regulator containing a cycocel and naphthylacetic acid mixture, wherein the effective components of the plant growth regulator are cycocel and naphthylacetic acid, and the mass ratio of the cycocel to the naphthylacetic acid is 20-10, and the mass fraction of the cycocel and the naphthylacetic acid in the mixture is 20-80%. The growth agent prepared by the invention has accurate measurement when in use, convenient use, obvious flower and fruit retention and yield increase and no influence on the quality of plants.
Chinese CN 102550568A discloses a cycocel and paclobutrazol mixed plant growth regulator which is prepared by compounding cycocel, paclobutrazol, an auxiliary agent and a filler. Wherein the mass ratio of chlormequat chloride to paclobutrazol is 1:1 to 20:1, the content of chlormequat chloride and paclobutrazol in the mixed preparation is 1-60%, the mixed preparation contains 99-40% of auxiliary agent and filler, and the mixed preparation is processed into soluble powder, dispersible granules, dispersible tablets and effervescent tablets by different methods. The invention is used for controlling the excessive growth of crops, promoting the yield increase of the crops and improving the quality of the crops.
In the planting and cultivating process of tomatoes, the plant growth regulator is used more and more frequently, the phenomenon of plant poisoning caused by the use of the plant growth regulator occurs occasionally in the planting process of the tomatoes, and the growth vigor, the yield and the quality of the tomatoes are greatly influenced. The tomato plant growth regulator poisoning symptom is usually expressed as leaf curl deformity, and when the poisoning symptom is serious, the tomato plant growth regulator poisoning symptom is expressed as fern leaf, distortion or even linear, and the tomato plant growth regulator poisoning symptom is similar to a virus disease in appearance and is often misjudged as a virus by vegetable growers. Meanwhile, in the using process of the growth regulator, the plant growth regulator is used for controlling vigorous growth only when the vigorous growth control effect of conventional water, fertilizer and agricultural measures is not ideal. Improper use of plant growth regulators at the seedling stage can also lead to more malformed fruits after tomato fruiting. Therefore, it is important to provide a growth regulator for tomatoes which can increase yield, reduce flower and fruit drop, delay senescence, improve tomato fruit quality, and is not susceptible to plant poisoning.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a growth regulating composition specific for tomatoes.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a special growth regulating composition for tomatoes comprises the following components: chlormequat chloride, triacontanol and paclobutrazol.
A special growth regulating composition for tomatoes comprises the following components: chlormequat chloride, triacontanol, paclobutrazol and jasmonate compounds.
A growth regulating composition special for tomatoes comprises, by weight, 5-10 parts of chlormequat chloride, 10-15 parts of triacontanol, 5-8 parts of paclobutrazol and 10-12 parts of jasmonate compounds.
The jasmonate compound is prepared by the following method:
dissolving jasmonic acid in toluene, dropwise adding thionyl chloride and toluene, heating to reflux, reacting for 1.5-2 h, and removing toluene by reduced pressure distillation to obtain a jasmonic acid mixed solution;
dissolving 6-chloro-9-methylpurine and ethanolamine in ethanol, heating to reflux, reacting for 3-4 h, and removing ethanol by reduced pressure distillation to obtain a reaction intermediate;
and adding toluene into the reaction intermediate, adding a mixed solution of triethylamine and jasmonic acid, heating to 55-60 ℃, reacting for 3-4 h, carrying out reduced pressure distillation to remove toluene, and drying to obtain the jasmonate compound.
Further preferably, the jasmonate compound is prepared by the following method: dissolving 0.1-0.3 mol of jasmonic acid in 150-200 mL of toluene, dropwise adding a mixed solution of 0.15-0.25 mol of thionyl chloride and 25-30 mL of toluene, heating to reflux, reacting for 1.5-2 h, removing the toluene through reduced pressure distillation to obtain a jasmonic acid mixed solution, simultaneously dissolving 0.5-0.8 mol of 6-chloro-9-methylpurine and 0.6-0.3 mol of ethanolamine in 250-300 mL of ethanol, heating to reflux, reacting for 3-4 h, and after the reaction is finished, removing the ethanol through reduced pressure distillation to obtain a reaction intermediate; adding 100-120 mL of toluene into 3.5-4.2 g of reaction intermediate, adding 5.5-8 g of triethylamine and 8-12.6 g of jasmonic acid mixed solution, heating to 55-60 ℃ for reaction for 3-4 h, carrying out reduced pressure distillation to remove toluene, and drying to obtain the jasmonate compound.
Preferably, the growth regulating composition special for the tomatoes comprises, by weight, 5-10 parts of chlormequat chloride, 10-15 parts of triacontanol, 5-8 parts of paclobutrazol and 10-12 parts of a modified jasmonate compound.
The modified jasmonate compound is prepared by the following method: dissolving 0.1-0.3 mol of jasmonic acid in 150-200 mL of toluene, dropwise adding 0.15-0.25 mol of thionyl chloride and 25-30 mL of toluene, heating to reflux, reacting for 1.5-2 h, removing toluene by reduced pressure distillation to obtain a jasmonic acid mixed solution, simultaneously dissolving 0.5-0.8mol of 6-chloro-9-methylpurine and 0.6-0.3 mol of ethanolamine in 250-300 mL of ethanol, heating to reflux, reacting for 3-4 h, and removing ethanol by reduced pressure distillation after the reaction is finished to obtain a reaction intermediate; adding 100-120 mL of toluene into 3.5-4.2 g of reaction intermediate, adding 5.5-8 g of triethylamine and 8-12.6 g of jasmonic acid mixed solution, heating to 55-60 ℃ for reaction for 3-4 h, carrying out reduced pressure distillation to remove toluene, and drying to obtain a jasmonate compound;
mixing a jasmonate compound and soybean oil according to the ratio of (2-4): 1 to obtain an oil phase component, adding Tween 80, simultaneously adding a mixed solution of 1,2-propylene glycol and water, stirring uniformly at room temperature, homogenizing for 3-5 min for 2-3 times, performing reduced pressure rotary evaporation at 25-30 ℃ after homogenization to remove an organic solvent until no liquid flows out to obtain the modified jasmonate compound.
Further, the mixing ratio of 1,2-propanediol to water is 1:1.
Furthermore, the weight of the 1,2-propylene glycol water mixed solution is 0.3-0.5 time of that of the oil phase component.
Further, the mass of the Tween 80 is 4-5 times of that of the oil phase component.
Furthermore, the rotation speed of the homogenizing device is 6000 to 8000r/min.
Chlormequat chloride: the Chinese alternative name is: oryzalil, trimethyl ammonium chloride, chemical name: 2-chloroethyltrimethylammonium chloride. Is easily soluble in water, white crystal, soluble in water, relatively stable in neutral or slightly acidic solution, thermally decomposable in medium with pH greater than 7, insoluble in benzene, xylene, anhydrous ethanol, and soluble in propanol. Fishy smell and deliquescence. The chlormequat chloride can control the vegetative growth of plants, is mainly reflected in the growth of roots, stems and leaves, plays a role in promoting the reproductive growth of the plants, ensures that the plants are dwarfed and strengthened and play a role in resisting lodging, promotes photosynthesis, shortens internodes, and simultaneously can also improve the fruiting rate of the plants and the capability of resisting adversity stress. The plant growth control agent can play a role in controlling plant growth, can effectively prevent the common seedling falling and seedling failure phenomena in the seedling stage of plants, and can control growth and tillering, increase the spike and increase the yield and prevent plant growth and falling. Is suitable for common crops such as hot pepper, potato, cabbage, tomato, cucumber and the like.
Triacontanol: triacontanol is a natural, non-toxic and efficient plant growth regulator, and can promote the growth of plants. Can improve the activity of peroxide isoenzyme, amylase and nitrate reductase, promote carbon-nitrogen metabolism, increase carbon-nitrogen ratio, increase ATP storage and accumulation, and increase yield. Triacontanol can also promote the absorption of mineral elements in water by plants, obviously improve the content of chlorophyll and the net photosynthetic rate of leaves, and has the functions of regulating the transportation, distribution and accumulation of photosynthetic products. Triacontanol can promote more photosynthetic products to flow to crop seeds and fruits, accelerate the transportation of organic matters stored in stems to seeds, and promote the absorption of plant tissues to water and inorganic nutrients. The triacontanol also has obvious effects on the aspects of improving the germination rate of seeds and the transpiration rate, and the spraying of the thin and low-dose triacontanol can increase the absorption of trace elements Fe, cu and Zn by plants, increase the storage and accumulation of ATP, improve the permeability of cell membranes and improve the cold resistance of crop seedlings. Triacontanol can also promote photosynthetic phosphorylation of spinach chloroplast in vitro, and improve the coupling degree of photosynthetic electron transfer and photosynthetic phosphorylation coupled with the spinach chloroplast.
Paclobutrazol: the paclobutrazol can play a role in inhibiting gibberellin synthesis, can also increase the activity of indoleacetic acid oxidase and inhibit the expression of IAA. Reduce apical dominance and promote the growth of lateral bud parts. The trace analysis shows that the leaves, seeds and roots of the rice have the absorption capacity for paclobutrazol. Paclobutrazol can regulate the rate of photosynthesis according to its own needs. Paclobutrazol can improve the respiration capacity of the root system and can weaken the influence of transpiration on the upper part of the root. The plant growth control agent plays a role in controlling plant growth, can effectively prevent the common seedling falling and seedling failure phenomena in the seedling stage of plants, and can control growth and tillering, increase the spike and increase the yield and prevent plant growth and falling. Is suitable for common crops such as hot pepper, potato, cabbage, tomato, cucumber and the like.
Jasmonic acid and its derivatives (such as methyl jasmonate) are believed to play a role in inducing signal transduction during secondary metabolism in plants. The exogenous jasmonic acid compound can effectively stimulate the biosynthesis of plant secondary metabolites, can cause the rapid accumulation of the plant secondary metabolites, has wide action, and can induce the accumulation of compounds such as terpenes, flavonoids, alkaloids and the like. Plays a role in signal mediation in various stress reactions of plant cells and can cause the expression of cellular stress-resistant reaction products.
The invention also provides a use method of the special growth regulating composition for the tomatoes, which comprises the following steps:
s1, in the period of 1 leaf and 1 heart, adding water into the special growth regulating composition for the tomatoes to prepare a growth regulator of 10-50 mg/L, spraying the growth regulating composition on the leaf surfaces of the plants for 2-4 times, wherein the interval time between two adjacent spraying times is 2-4 days;
s2, in the flowering period, adding water into the special growth regulating composition for the tomatoes to prepare a growth regulator of 10-50 mg/L, spraying the special growth regulating composition for the tomatoes on the leaf surfaces of the plants for 2-4 times, wherein the interval time between two adjacent spraying times is 2-4 days.
In the step S1, the single dosage of the sprayed plant growth regulator is 29-30.5L/mu;
in the step S2, the single dosage of the sprayed plant growth regulator is 29-30.5L/mu.
The invention effectively splices the active groups of two plant growth regulators into a new jasmonate compound, has more biological activity compared with single jasmonic acid, is used in combination with chlormequat chloride, triacontanol and paclobutrazol, and has obvious effects on increasing yield, reducing flower and fruit drop, delaying senescence, improving tomato fruit quality and the like. Meanwhile, the jasmonate microemulsion prepared by the specific method has long-acting property and slow release property, can exert the effect without bringing burden to the growth of tomatoes and soil, and can reduce the tomato poisoning phenomenon in the using process of the growth regulator.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. has wide application. The multiple growth regulators can effectively play the self-role of different regulators when being applied to the field of tomatoes, improve the growth conditions and the planting environment of plants and promote the yield and the quality of the plants to be effectively improved.
2) Has excellent performance. The actual conditions of tomato plants treated by the plant growth regulator are emphasized, the comparison is emphasized, and a proper period and spraying concentration are selected.
3) Has pertinence. The growth regulator has stronger pertinence and specialty, can effectively solve the problem of tomato growth and has less negative effects.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following specific examples. The procedures, conditions, experimental methods and the like for carrying out the present invention are common knowledge and common general knowledge in the art except for the contents specifically mentioned below, and the present invention is not particularly limited.
For the sake of brevity, the drugs used in the following examples are all commercially available products unless otherwise specified, and the methods used are all conventional methods unless otherwise specified.
6-chloro-9-methylpurine, CAS:2346-74-9.
Example 1
A growth regulating composition special for tomato is prepared by mixing 15g of triacontanol, 8g of paclobutrazol and 12g of jasmonate compound uniformly.
The jasmonate compound is prepared by the following method: dissolving 0.2mol of jasmonic acid in 200mL of toluene, dropwise adding a mixed solution of 0.2mol of thionyl chloride and 30mL of toluene, heating to reflux, reacting for 2h, distilling under reduced pressure to remove toluene to obtain a jasmonic acid mixed solution, simultaneously dissolving 0.8mol of 6-chloro-9-methylpurine and 0.4mol of ethanolamine in 300mL of ethanol, heating to reflux, reacting for 4h, and distilling under reduced pressure to remove ethanol to obtain a reaction intermediate; adding 120mL of toluene into 4g of reaction intermediate, adding 6.5g of triethylamine and 11.5g of jasmonic acid mixed solution, heating to 60 ℃ for reaction for 4h, carrying out reduced pressure distillation to remove toluene, and drying to obtain the jasmonate compound.
Example 2
A growth regulating composition special for tomato is prepared by mixing 10g chlormequat chloride, 8g paclobutrazol and 12g jasmonate compound uniformly.
The jasmonate compound is prepared by the following method: dissolving 0.2mol of jasmonic acid in 200mL of toluene, dropwise adding a mixed solution of 0.2mol of thionyl chloride and 30mL of toluene, heating to reflux, reacting for 2h, distilling under reduced pressure to remove toluene to obtain a jasmonic acid mixed solution, simultaneously dissolving 0.8mol of 6-chloro-9-methylpurine and 0.4mol of ethanolamine in 300mL of ethanol, heating to reflux, reacting for 4h, and distilling under reduced pressure to remove ethanol to obtain a reaction intermediate; adding 120mL of toluene into 4g of reaction intermediate, adding 6.5g of triethylamine and 11.5g of jasmonic acid mixed solution, heating to 60 ℃ for reaction for 4h, carrying out reduced pressure distillation to remove toluene, and drying to obtain the jasmonate compound.
Example 3
A growth regulating composition special for tomato is prepared by mixing chlormequat chloride 10g, triacontanol 15g, and jasmonate compound 12 g.
The jasmonate compound is prepared by the following method: dissolving 0.2mol of jasmonic acid in 200mL of toluene, dropwise adding a mixed solution of 0.2mol of thionyl chloride and 30mL of toluene, heating to reflux, reacting for 2h, distilling under reduced pressure to remove toluene to obtain a jasmonic acid mixed solution, simultaneously dissolving 0.8mol of 6-chloro-9-methylpurine and 0.4mol of ethanolamine in 300mL of ethanol, heating to reflux, reacting for 4h, and distilling under reduced pressure to remove ethanol to obtain a reaction intermediate; adding 120mL of toluene into 4g of reaction intermediate, adding 6.5g of triethylamine and 11.5g of jasmonic acid mixed solution, heating to 60 ℃ for reaction for 4h, carrying out reduced pressure distillation to remove toluene, and drying to obtain the jasmonate compound.
Example 4
A growth regulating composition specially used for tomato is prepared by mixing 10g of chlormequat chloride, 15g of triacontanol and 8g of paclobutrazol.
Example 5
A growth regulating composition special for tomato is prepared by mixing 10g of chlormequat chloride, 15g of triacontanol, 8g of paclobutrazol and 12g of jasmonate compound.
The jasmonate compound is prepared by the following method: dissolving 0.2mol of jasmonic acid in 200mL of toluene, dropwise adding a mixed solution of 0.2mol of thionyl chloride and 30mL of toluene, heating to reflux, reacting for 2h, distilling under reduced pressure to remove toluene to obtain a jasmonic acid mixed solution, simultaneously dissolving 0.8mol of 6-chloro-9-methylpurine and 0.4mol of ethanolamine in 300mL of ethanol, heating to reflux, reacting for 4h, and distilling under reduced pressure to remove ethanol to obtain a reaction intermediate; adding 120mL of toluene into 4g of reaction intermediate, adding 6.5g of triethylamine and 11.5g of jasmonic acid mixed solution, heating to 60 ℃ for reaction for 4h, carrying out reduced pressure distillation to remove toluene, and drying to obtain the jasmonate compound.
Example 6
A growth regulating composition special for tomatoes is prepared by uniformly mixing 10g of chlormequat chloride, 15g of triacontanol, 8g of paclobutrazol and 12g of modified jasmonate compound.
The modified jasmonate compound is prepared by the following method: dissolving 0.2mol of jasmonic acid in 200mL of toluene, dropwise adding 0.2mol of thionyl chloride and 30mL of toluene, heating to reflux, reacting for 2h, distilling under reduced pressure to remove the toluene to obtain a jasmonic acid mixed solution, simultaneously dissolving 0.8mol of 6-chloro-9-methylpurine and 0.4mol of ethanolamine in 300mL of ethanol, heating to reflux, reacting for 4h, and distilling under reduced pressure to remove the ethanol to obtain a reaction intermediate; adding 120mL of toluene into 4g of reaction intermediate, adding 6.5g of triethylamine and 11.5g of jasmonic acid mixed solution, heating to 60 ℃ for reacting for 4 hours, distilling under reduced pressure to remove the toluene, and drying to obtain a jasmonate compound;
mixing 15g of jasmonate compound and 5g of soybean oil to obtain an oil phase component, adding 80g of tween 80, simultaneously adding 9mL of a mixed solution of 1, 2-propylene glycol and water, stirring uniformly at room temperature, homogenizing at 6000r/min for 3min, homogenizing for 3 times, and after homogenizing, carrying out reduced pressure rotary evaporation at 30 ℃ to remove the organic solvent until no liquid flows out to obtain the modified jasmonate compound.
Field test of tomato
The test tomatoes are planted in a sunlight intelligent glass greenhouse, and the test variety of the tomatoes is a high-sugar type cherry tomato stilt 88. Adding water into the special growth regulating composition for the tomatoes to prepare a 50mg/L growth regulator in the 2-leaf 1-heart period and the flowering period respectively, spraying the growth regulating composition for the tomatoes on leaf surfaces of the plants for 3 times, wherein the single dosage of the sprayed plant growth regulator is 30L/mu, the interval time between two adjacent spraying is 4 days, and performing uniform normal water and fertilizer management at other times. And (4) setting isolation belts in each treatment field, and taking clear water as a blank control. Randomly picking 20 fruits in each field of the full-bearing period of the tomatoes by adopting a 5-point sampling method, measuring the weight of each fruit, calculating the average value, and obtaining the result data shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 Effect of different growth regulating compositions on tomato growth
As can be seen from Table 1, the application of the growth regulating composition specially used for tomatoes prepared by the present invention according to the method of the present invention can significantly improve the yield of tomatoes, and the comparative examples show that the yield increase rate is 8.2% when the common plant growth regulator chlormequat chloride, triacontanol and paclobutrazol are used for compounding, while the yield increase rate of the tomato group added with the jasmonates prepared by the present invention is above 15%, which indicates that the jasmonates prepared by the present invention is beneficial to the high yield of tomatoes. And a comparison between example 5 and example 6 shows that the jasmonates compound prepared by the invention can be modified to significantly improve the performance of the jasmonates compound, so that the tomato yield is increased.
The content of lycopene in the peel of the tomato fruit is measured by adopting an acetone extraction colorimetric method, the content of soluble sugar in the tomato fruit is measured by adopting an anthrone method, and the measurement results are shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 Effect of different growth regulating compositions on tomato pericarp/fruit
As can be seen from table 2, the tomato group added with the jasmonates prepared by the invention has higher pericarp lycopene content, which indicates that the jasmonates prepared by the invention have significant influence on the coloring rate of tomatoes, and meanwhile, the sugar content of tomato fruits is also improved.
The root system vigor of the tomatoes was measured by the TTC method, and the test results are shown in table 3.
TABLE 3 Effect of different growth regulating compositions on root vigour of tomato
| Group of | Root system activity (mg/g.h) |
| Example 1 | 1.31 |
| Example 2 | 1.39 |
| Example 3 | 1.33 |
| Example 4 | 1.25 |
| Example 5 | 1.47 |
| Example 6 | 1.54 |
| Control group | 0.82 |
As can be seen from table 3, the modified jasmonates in example 6 are beneficial for improving the root system vigor of the tomatoes, and the tomatoes treated in this example have no poisoning phenomenon, and may be related to the slow release effect of the modified jasmonates, which does not burden the plants while maintaining long-term efficacy.
Claims (8)
1. A special growth regulating composition for tomatoes is characterized by comprising the following components: chlormequat chloride, triacontanol and paclobutrazol.
2. The tomato-specific growth regulating composition as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a jasmonate compound.
3. The tomato-specific growth regulating composition as claimed in claim 2, characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 5-10 parts of chlormequat chloride, 10-15 parts of triacontanol, 5-8 parts of paclobutrazol and 10-12 parts of jasmonate compound.
4. The tomato-specific growth regulating composition as claimed in claim 3, which is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 10 parts of chlormequat chloride, 15 parts of triacontanol, 8 parts of paclobutrazol and 12 parts of jasmonate compound.
5. The tomato-specific growth-regulating composition as claimed in claim 2 or 3 or 4, wherein the jasmonate compound is prepared by the following method:
dissolving jasmonic acid in toluene, dropwise adding thionyl chloride and toluene, heating to reflux, reacting for 1.5-2 h, and removing toluene by reduced pressure distillation to obtain a jasmonic acid mixed solution;
dissolving 6-chloro-9-methylpurine and ethanolamine in ethanol, heating to reflux, reacting for 3-4 h, and removing ethanol by reduced pressure distillation to obtain a reaction intermediate;
and adding toluene into the reaction intermediate, adding a mixed solution of triethylamine and jasmonic acid, heating to 55-60 ℃, reacting for 3-4 h, carrying out reduced pressure distillation to remove toluene, and drying to obtain the jasmonate compound.
6. The tomato-specific growth-regulating composition as claimed in claim 2 or 3 or 4, wherein the jasmonate compound is prepared by the following method:
dissolving 0.1-0.3 mol of jasmonic acid in 150-200 mL of toluene, dropwise adding 0.15-0.25 mol of thionyl chloride and 25-30 mL of toluene, heating to reflux, reacting for 1.5-2 h, and removing the toluene by reduced pressure distillation to obtain a jasmonic acid mixed solution;
dissolving 0.5-0.8 mol of 6-chloro-9-methylpurine and 0.6-0.3 mol of ethanolamine in 250-300 mL of ethanol, heating to reflux, reacting for 3-4 h, and removing ethanol by reduced pressure distillation to obtain a reaction intermediate;
adding 100-120 mL of toluene into 3.5-4.2 g of reaction intermediate, adding 5.5-8 g of triethylamine and 8-12.6 g of jasmonic acid mixed solution, heating to 55-60 ℃ for reaction for 3-4 h, carrying out reduced pressure distillation to remove toluene, and drying to obtain the jasmonate compound.
7. Method of use of a tomato specific growth regulatory composition as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
s1, in the leaf 1 heart period, adding water into the special growth regulating composition for the tomatoes to prepare a growth regulator of 10-50 mg/L, spraying the growth regulating composition on the leaf surfaces of the plants for 2-4 times, wherein the interval time between two adjacent spraying times is 2-4 days;
s2, in the flowering phase, adding water into the special growth regulating composition for the tomatoes to prepare a growth regulator of 10-50 mg/L, spraying the special growth regulating composition for the tomatoes on the leaf surfaces of the plants for 2-4 times, wherein the interval time between two adjacent spraying times is 2-4 days.
8. Method of application of the tomato specific growth regulatory composition as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: the single dosage of the sprayed plant growth regulator is 29-30.5L/mu.
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