CN115248022B - Icing thickness detection method for power transmission line - Google Patents
Icing thickness detection method for power transmission line Download PDFInfo
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- CN115248022B CN115248022B CN202211155352.5A CN202211155352A CN115248022B CN 115248022 B CN115248022 B CN 115248022B CN 202211155352 A CN202211155352 A CN 202211155352A CN 115248022 B CN115248022 B CN 115248022B
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
- G01B21/02—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring length, width, or thickness
- G01B21/08—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring length, width, or thickness for measuring thickness
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Abstract
The invention is suitable for the technical field of icing detection, and provides a method for detecting the icing thickness of a power transmission line. The method does not need to measure numerous parameters in real time, simplifies the measuring method, has higher precision, and is suitable for engineering application.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of icing detection, in particular to a method for detecting icing thickness of a power transmission line.
Background
Icing of the power transmission line is a common physical phenomenon, and can cause accidents such as line disconnection, tower collapse and the like in severe cases, the countryside is wide, the terrain is complex and changeable, the southern area has a large proportion of mountainous areas and high humidity, and the icing phenomenon is particularly frequent. 2008. In the south, the power grid in most areas suffers from serious freezing problems in the years, and the power grid in the Hunan, guizhou and other areas is paralyzed, which causes billions of losses.
In order to prevent or reduce the damage of the icing of the transmission line, it is very important to obtain the icing state of the transmission line in real time, and the current processing methods mainly include several methods: the method comprises the following steps of weighing, inclination angle method, image monitoring method, capacitance method, icing rate meter method, optical fiber method and the like, wherein the weighing method is based on the basic principle that the equivalent icing thickness of the power transmission line is obtained according to the measured values of the tension sensors before and after icing; calculating the thickness of the ice coating by the inclination angle method according to the relation between the sag and the specific load of the wire and the sag measurement value; and the image monitoring method identifies according to the icing image to obtain the icing thickness. However, these detection methods often require a disconnection installation method on the line, which results in extremely high installation cost and inconvenience in use, maintenance, and the like.
At present, a big data analysis method is adopted, the icing influence rule is researched according to the icing influence parameter change, a mathematical model of the icing of the power transmission line is established, and the icing of the power transmission line is predicted by adopting the mathematical model according to the meteorological parameters and the like obtained by a meteorological observation station. This method is feasible from the viewpoint of theoretical research, but lacks practical engineering application value because: parameters affecting icing are numerous, including wind speed, water droplet particle size, liquid water content, temperature, transmission line size, wind direction, and the like. The meteorological station is difficult to accurately obtain the parameters, particularly the liquid water content and the water drop particle size, so that the model cannot be really applied; meanwhile, the real-time performance of the method has a great problem; in addition, the observation station is very costly, it is impossible to build one observation station at a small mountain, and the meteorological parameters of the mountain area between different mountains are often greatly different, so that the error caused by the method is too large.
Therefore, the method aims at the problem that an icing detection method which can be practically engineered and has low cost is lacked in the field of power transmission line detection at present.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problem in the prior art, the application provides a method for detecting the icing thickness of a power transmission line. The method does not need to measure parameters such as speed, temperature and liquid water content in real time, simplifies the measuring method, has high precision, and is suitable for engineering application.
A method for detecting icing thickness of a power transmission line comprises the following steps:
s10, arranging an icing detection system around the power transmission line to be detected;
s20, obtaining the local median water drop particle diameter Dz and the median velocity Vz;
s30, under the conditions of Dz and Vz, obtaining the median water droplet collection rate beta of the power transmission line In the circuit And median water droplet collection rate beta for icing detection system In the system And calculating the median ratio R, R = beta In the circuit /β In the system ；
S40, acquiring the icing thickness H detected by the icing detection system in real time System for controlling a power supply And calculating to obtain the icing thickness H of the power transmission line Line ，H Line =RH System for controlling a power supply 。
Further, icing detecting system includes supporting body and icing sensor, icing sensor sets up supporting body is last, supporting body fixes around the transmission line.
Further, the icing detection system comprises at least three icing sensors, and the at least three icing sensors are arranged around the axis of the support body in a staggered mode.
Further, the support body is cylindrical.
Further, the step S20 includes:
s21, establishing a water drop collection rate database of an icing detection system
Through an experiment or a numerical calculation method, the water drop collection rate beta of the icing detection system under the conditions of different speeds V and different water drop particle diameters D is obtained, wherein,
，
n and m are the values of the speed and the particle size of the water drops respectively; wherein the speed value covers a local main wind speed value, and the water drop particle size range is given by referring to airplane airworthiness regulations;
s22, fitting to obtain each speed
The corresponding relation curve of the water drop particle size and the water drop collection rate is calculated, and each speed is calculated
The average value of the water droplet collection rates corresponding to the maximum water droplet particle diameter Dmax and the minimum water droplet particle diameter Dmin
And get
Corresponding drop diameter, recorded as error mean drop diameter
Calculating the median water drop diameter Dz:
s23, under the median water drop particle diameter Dz, calculating the average value of the water drop collection rates corresponding to the maximum speed Vmax and the minimum speed Vmin
And get
The corresponding velocity is denoted as the median velocity Vz.
Further, before step S40, after step S20 or step S30, step S00 is further included, a water droplet collection rate database of the power transmission line is established, and upper and lower limit values of the median ratio R are calculated:
s01, establishing a water drop collection rate database of the power transmission line
Obtaining the water drop collection rate beta' of the power transmission line under the conditions of different speeds V and different water drop particle diameters D by an experiment or numerical calculation method, wherein,
，
n and m are the values of the speed and the particle size of the water drops respectively; wherein the speed value covers a local main wind speed value, and the water drop particle size range is given by referring to airplane airworthiness regulations;
s02. According to the water drop collection rate database of the icing detection system obtained in the step S21 and the water drop collection rate database of the power transmission line obtained in the step S01, in
，
Within the range, obtaining the ratio R 'of the water drop collection rate of the power transmission line and the water drop collection rate of the icing detection system under the same speed and the same water drop particle size, and taking the maximum value and the minimum value of R' as the upper limit median ratio R 'of the median ratio' max And lower median value ratio R' min 。
Further, after step S40, S50 is included according to the upper median ratio R' max And lower median value ratio R' min And calculating the upper limit value and the lower limit value of the icing thickness of the power transmission line, and/or obtaining the upper limit error and the lower limit error of the icing thickness of the power transmission line.
Further, the particle size of the water drops is in the range of 20-40 microns.
Further, the maximum speed is 17m/s.
Further, the average value of the icing thicknesses measured by the icing sensors is used as the icing thickness detected by the icing detection system.
Compared with the prior art, the icing thickness detection method for the power transmission line at least has the following beneficial effects:
(1) The method and the device convert the ratio of the icing thickness of the power transmission line to the icing thickness of an icing detection system into the ratio of the water droplet collection rates of the power transmission line and the icing thickness of the icing detection system, eliminate factors which do not influence the ratio of the water droplet collection rates, and finally only reserve two most core parameters which influence icing for modeling, simplify a model, and avoid the situation that a plurality of parameters such as temperature, liquid water content, speed, water droplet particle size and altitude need to be detected in the actual detection process;
(2) The simplified method for obtaining the median water drop particle diameter Dz and the median velocity Vz by combining the statistics of the water drop particle diameter range and the wind speed range in most local areas is provided, the operation is simple, and the accurate median ratio can be obtained;
(3) The method is based on simulation calculation, the ratio of the icing thickness of the power transmission line to the icing thickness of the icing detection system in the local water droplet particle size range and the wind speed range is obtained, and the upper limit value and the lower limit value of the median ratio are obtained, so that the upper limit value and the lower limit value of the icing thickness of the power transmission line are further calculated based on the icing thickness of the icing detection system detected in real time;
(4) According to the method, when a model is established, a median ratio R and an upper limit median ratio R 'are obtained' max And lower median value ratio R' min And then, the icing thickness on the power transmission line can be directly calculated through a calculation formula only by acquiring the icing thickness through an icing sensor subsequently, and the error range of measurement and calculation can be obtained. The method is simple and easy to implement, and can realize engineering application.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments of the present invention or in the description of the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for detecting icing thickness of a power transmission line according to embodiment 1 of the present application;
fig. 2 is a schematic flowchart of a method for detecting icing thickness of a power transmission line according to embodiment 2 of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a calculation result of the water droplet collection rate of the icing detection system obtained in example 3 of the present application at different speeds;
FIG. 4 is the result of calculation of the water drop collection rate at different speeds on a transmission line obtained in example 4 of the present application;
fig. 5 is a water droplet collection ratio of the power transmission line and the icing detection system obtained in example 4 of the present application at different speeds and water droplet particle sizes.
Detailed Description
The following description provides many different embodiments, or examples, for implementing different features of the invention. The particular examples set forth below are illustrative only and are not intended to be limiting, as the number of elements or arrangements of steps in the method of the present invention may be varied widely.
Example 1
The icing thickness detection method of the power transmission line is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s10, arranging an icing detection system around the power transmission line to be detected;
the icing detection system comprises a support main body and an icing sensor, wherein the icing sensor is arranged on the support main body, and the support main body is fixed around the power transmission line. That is, the icing detection system is disposed around the power transmission line, for example, on the power transmission pole, so that the icing detection system and the power transmission line are in the same icing environment, and the icing thickness of the power transmission line can be estimated through the icing thickness detected by the icing detection system in the icing environment.
Further, the icing detection system comprises at least three icing sensors, the at least three icing sensors are arranged around the axis of the supporting main body in a staggered mode, and more preferably, the supporting main body is cylindrical, so that the icing sensors can be arranged in an environment which is closer to the surrounding environment of the power transmission line, and the more accurate icing condition of the power transmission line can be obtained.
S20, acquiring the local median water drop particle diameter Dz and the median velocity Vz, and specifically comprising the following steps:
s21, establishing a water drop collection rate database of an icing detection system
Through an experiment or a numerical calculation method, the water drop collection rate beta of the icing detection system under the conditions of different speeds V and different water drop particle diameters D is obtained, wherein,
，
n and m are the values of the speed and the particle size of the water drops respectively; wherein the speed value covers a local main wind speed value, and the water drop particle size range is given by referring to airplane airworthiness regulations; the wind speed range takes local maximum wind speed into account, if no historical record of wind speed exists, the maximum wind speed can be 17m/s, and the particle size of water drops is given according to aviation airworthiness regulations, and the range of 20-40 μm is adopted.
S22, fitting to obtain each speed
The corresponding relation curve of the water drop particle diameter and the water drop collection rate is calculated, and each speed is calculated
The average value of the water droplet collection ratios corresponding to the maximum water droplet particle diameter Dmax and the minimum water droplet particle diameter Dmin
And get and obtain
Corresponding drop diameter, recorded as error mean drop diameter
Calculating the median water drop diameter Dz:
namely, for n speeds of V1-Vn, respectively calculating the average value of the water drop collection rates corresponding to the maximum water drop particle diameter Dmax and the minimum water drop particle diameter Dmin at the speed to obtain the average value of the n water drop collection rates, and obtaining n corresponding water drop diameters
，
，...，
Calculating the average value of the diameters of the n corresponding water drops, and recording the average value as the median water drop particle diameter Dz;
in this step, the calculation may be a numerical simulation calculation, or may be obtained by interpolation calculation on the relationship curve between the water droplet particle diameter and the water droplet collection rate corresponding to the maximum velocity Vmax and the minimum velocity Vmin obtained by fitting in step S22, which is not particularly limited herein, and the calculation in step S23 is also the same.
S23, under the given median water drop particle diameter Dz, calculating the average value of the water drop collection rates corresponding to the maximum speed Vmax and the minimum speed Vmin
And get
The corresponding velocity is denoted as the median velocity Vz.
S30, acquiring the median water drop collection rate beta of the power transmission line under the conditions of the median water drop particle diameter Dz and the median speed Vz In the circuit And median water droplet collection rate beta of icing detection system In the system And calculating a median ratio R, R = beta In the circuit /β In the system ；
In the step, the median water droplet collection rate beta of the power transmission line is obtained under the given Dz and Vz conditions In the circuit The method can be obtained by an experiment or numerical simulation calculation method; median water droplet collection rate beta for icing detection system In the system It can be obtained by experiment or numerical simulation calculation, or each speed simulated in step S22 can be used
The following relationship curve of the particle diameter of the water droplet and the collection rate of the water droplet is obtained, and is not particularly limited.
S40, acquiring the icing thickness H detected by the icing detection system in real time System And calculating to obtain the icing thickness H of the power transmission line Line ，H Line =RH System for controlling a power supply . That is, the icing thickness detection is performed by using the sensors in the icing detection system, and when a plurality of icing sensors detect icing thickness, the icing thickness detected by the icing sensors can be averaged to be used as H System for controlling a power supply . Therefore, the icing thickness of the power transmission line can be directly calculated by using the calculated median ratio and the icing thickness detected by an icing detection system arranged around the power transmission line and in the same icing environment with the power transmission line in real time.
In the method for detecting the icing thickness of the power transmission line in the prior art, a mathematical model is established according to various parameters such as temperature, liquid water content, speed, water drop particle size, altitude and the like, but the parameters are difficult to accurately measure actually or have extremely high cost. The method grabs internal core factors influencing icing, and based on the ratio of the icing thickness of the detection system and the transmission line under the environment, the ratio is converted into the ratio of the water drop collection rate, the factors which do not influence the ratio are eliminated, the simplified database is established, and actually, the method is only related to two parameters of the water drop particle size and the speed, and further combines the influence degree of the two parameters on the ratio of the water drop collection rate in most areas of China to count the water drop particle size and the wind speed range, so that a simplified median prediction model is established, the model is simple to process, and engineering application is more convenient to realize.
Example 2
This embodiment differs from embodiment 1 in that an acquisition step of a detected error range is added, see fig. 2.
Before step S40, after step S20 or step S30, step S00 is further included, a water droplet collection rate database of the power transmission line is established, and upper and lower limit values of the median ratio R are calculated.
S01, establishing a water drop collection rate database of the power transmission line
Through an experiment or a numerical calculation method, the water drop collection rate beta' of the power transmission line under the conditions of different speeds V and different water drop particle diameters D is obtained, wherein,
，
n and m are the values of the speed and the particle size of the water drop respectively; wherein the speed value covers a local main wind speed value, and the water drop particle size range is given by referring to airplane airworthiness regulations; similarly, the wind speed range takes into account the local maximum wind speed, which can be typically 17m/s if there is no historical record of wind speeds, and the water droplet size is given by aviation airworthiness regulations, in the range of 20 μm to 40 μm. Preferably, the values of the velocity V and the water droplet particle diameter D in this step are the same as those in step S21, so that the median ratio at the same velocity and the same water droplet particle diameter can be obtained subsequently.
S02. According to the water drop collection rate database of the icing detection system obtained in the step S21 and the water drop collection rate database of the power transmission line obtained in the step S01, in
，
Within the range, obtaining the ratio R 'of the water drop collection rate of the power transmission line and the water drop collection rate of the icing detection system under the conditions of the same speed and the same water drop particle size, and taking the maximum value and the minimum value of R' as the upper limit median ratio R 'of the median ratio' max And lower median value ratio R' min . That is to say, the water droplet collection rates in the power transmission line and the icing detection system in the same icing environment are compared to obtain the upper and lower limits of the ratio of the water droplet collection rates in the power transmission line and the icing detection system in the normal icing environment, so as to determine the error range of the median ratio obtained in step S30 of the present application.
In this embodiment, the median ratio R and the upper limit median ratio R 'are obtained' max Lower limit median ratio R' min And the thickness H of the ice detected by the ice detection system System for controlling a power supply And then, calculating to obtain an upper limit value and a lower limit value of the icing thickness of the power transmission line, and/or obtaining an upper limit error and a lower limit error of the icing thickness of the power transmission line. The calculation method is well known to those skilled in the art and will not be described herein.
Example 3
This example uses the method of example 1, and illustrates a specific example.
S10, arranging an icing detection system around the power transmission line to be detected, wherein the icing detection system comprises a cylindrical support body, and three icing sensors are arranged around the support body in a staggered mode along an axis to detect icing thickness H System for controlling a power supply 。
S20, acquiring the local median water drop particle diameter Dz and the median velocity Vz
In this example, 5 speeds of 5m/s, 8m/s, 11m/s,14 m/s and 17m/s were calculated, 6 water droplet diameters of 20 μm, 24 μm, 28 μm, 32 μm, 36 μm and 40 μm were calculated, and the relation between the water droplet collecting rate and the water droplet diameter was calculated at different speeds, and the number of water droplets was 21 in this example.
Corresponding to each speed, a fitting curve corresponding to the water drop particle size and the water drop collection rate is obtained, as shown in fig. 3, the average value of the water drop collection rate under the condition of the upper and lower limits of the water drop particle size corresponds to the error mean water drop collection rate, the water drop diameter corresponding to the collection rate is taken as the error mean water drop particle size, and the error mean water drop particle size corresponding to each speed is averaged to obtain Dz. In the present example, under the calculated 5 speed conditions, the positions of the corresponding median water droplet collection rates were 27.6 μm, 27.7 μm, 27.8 μm, 28.1 μm, and 28.3 μm, respectively, and thus Dz =27.9 μm.
And (3) taking the particle diameter of the water drops as Dz =27.9 μm, calculating the water drop collection rates of different speeds, and according to the average value of the corresponding water drop collection rates under the conditions of the upper limit speed and the lower limit speed, the corresponding speed is Vz, and within the selected speed range, vz =9.9m/s.
And S30, based on the diameter of the power transmission line to be detected, assuming that the power transmission line is cylindrical, according to a numerical calculation method, giving the wind speed Vz =9.9m/S and the water drop particle diameter Dz =27.9 μm, and obtaining the median water drop collection rate beta of the power transmission line In the circuit ，β In the circuit =0.446;
The water drop collection rate beta of the icing detection system under the conditions that Vz =9.9m/s and Dz =27.9 mu m is obtained by adopting a numerical simulation calculation method In the system =0.421, obtaining a water drop collection rate median ratio R of the transmission line and the detection system, wherein R = beta In the circuit /β In the system In this case, R =1.06 was calculated.
At this time, the thickness of ice H detected by the ice detection system fact System Namely, the icing thickness H of the power transmission line can be calculated Line ，H Line =RH System for controlling a power supply 。
Example 4
This example is based on example 1, and adopts the method of example 2, and a specific example is illustrated.
The method further comprises a step S00 of establishing a power transmission line water droplet collection rate icing database, and the specific method comprises the following steps: according to the numerical calculation method, the water drop collection rates of the corresponding power transmission lines under different conditions are obtained, as shown in fig. 4.
S50, at
，
Within the range, obtaining the ratio R 'of the water drop collection rate of the power transmission line and the water drop collection rate of the icing detection system under the same speed and the same water drop particle size, as shown in FIG. 5, taking the maximum value and the minimum value of R' as the upper part of the median ratioLimit median ratio R' max And lower median value ratio R' min ，R’ max =1.11，R’ min =1.03；
According to R, R' min ，R’ max The upper limit value and the lower limit value of the error can be calculated, and the upper limit error and the lower limit error of the icing thickness of the power transmission line are obtained.
The above description is intended to be illustrative of the preferred embodiment of the present invention and should not be taken as limiting the invention, but rather, the intention is to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The icing thickness detection method of the power transmission line is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s10, arranging an icing detection system around the power transmission line to be detected;
s20, obtaining the local median water drop particle diameter Dz and the median velocity Vz;
s30, under the Dz and Vz conditions, obtaining the median water droplet collection rate beta of the power transmission line In the circuit And median water droplet collection rate beta for icing detection system In the system And calculating the median ratio R, R = beta In the circuit /β In the system (ii) a Said median water droplet collection efficiency beta In the circuit And median water droplet collection efficiency beta In the system Obtained by an experimental or numerical simulation calculation method;
s40, acquiring the icing thickness H detected by the icing detection system in real time System for controlling a power supply And calculating to obtain the icing thickness H of the power transmission line Line ，H Line =RH System for controlling a power supply 。
2. The icing thickness detection method of the power transmission line according to claim 1, wherein the icing detection system comprises a support body and an icing sensor, the icing sensor is arranged on the support body, and the support body is fixed around the power transmission line.
3. The icing thickness detection method of the power transmission line according to claim 2, wherein the icing detection system comprises at least three icing sensors, and the at least three icing sensors are arranged around the axis of the support body in a staggered manner.
4. The method according to claim 3, wherein the support body is cylindrical.
5. The icing thickness detection method of the power transmission line according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the step S20 comprises:
s21, establishing a water drop collection rate database of an icing detection system
Obtaining the water drop collection rate beta of the icing detection system under the conditions of different speeds V and different water drop particle diameters D through an experiment or numerical calculation method, wherein,
，
n and m are the values of the speed and the particle size of the water drops respectively; wherein the speed value covers a local main wind speed value, and the water drop particle size range is given by referring to airplane airworthiness regulations;
s22, fitting to obtain each speed
The corresponding relation curve of the water drop particle diameter and the water drop collection rate is calculated, and each speed is calculated
The average value of the water droplet collection ratios corresponding to the maximum water droplet particle diameter Dmax and the minimum water droplet particle diameter Dmin
And get
Corresponding drop diameter, reported as mean error drop diameter
Calculating the median water drop particle diameter Dz:
s23, under the median water drop particle diameter Dz, calculating the average value of the water drop collection rates corresponding to the maximum speed Vmax and the minimum speed Vmin
And get
The corresponding velocity is noted as the median velocity Vz.
6. The icing thickness detection method of the power transmission line according to claim 5, wherein before the step S40, after the step S20 or the step S30, the method further comprises a step S00 of establishing a water drop collection rate database of the power transmission line, and calculating upper and lower limit values of the median ratio R:
s01, establishing a water drop collection rate database of the power transmission line
Obtaining the water drop collection rate beta' of the power transmission line under the conditions of different speeds V and different water drop particle diameters D by an experiment or numerical calculation method, wherein,
，
n and m are the values of the speed and the particle size of the water drop respectively; wherein the velocity is takenCovering the local main wind speed value, and referring to the water drop particle size range given by the airworthiness regulations of the airplane;
s02, according to the water drop collection rate database of the icing detection system obtained in the step S21 and the water drop collection rate database of the power transmission line obtained in the step S01, obtaining the water drop collection rate of the icing detection system
，
Within the range, obtaining the ratio R 'of the water drop collection rate of the power transmission line and the water drop collection rate of the icing detection system under the conditions of the same speed and the same water drop particle size, and taking the maximum value and the minimum value of R' as the upper limit median ratio R 'of the median ratio' max And lower median value ratio R' min 。
7. The method of claim 6, further comprising S50 according to upper median ratio R 'after step S40' max And lower median value ratio R' min And calculating the upper limit value and the lower limit value of the icing thickness of the power transmission line, and/or obtaining the upper limit error and the lower limit error of the icing thickness of the power transmission line.
8. The method according to claim 7, wherein the water droplet has a particle size in the range of 20-40 μm.
9. The method according to claim 8, wherein the maximum speed is 17m/s.
10. The icing thickness detection method for the power transmission line according to claim 9, wherein the icing thickness detected by the icing detection system is determined as an average value of the icing thicknesses measured by the icing sensors.
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