CN115235415B - Regional settlement space-time change characteristic acquisition method based on level point monitoring - Google Patents
Regional settlement space-time change characteristic acquisition method based on level point monitoring Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for monitoring the space-time change characteristics of the ground subsidence in an area based on a leveling point. The system is simple in construction and good in universality, can effectively meet the requirements of monitoring operation of various urban geological structures, is comprehensive in acquisition of detection operation data, high in accuracy of acquired data, high in automation degree of data acquisition and processing operation, effectively achieves settlement change data of limited level monitoring net points of urban areas, performs polynomial weighted interpolation processing to obtain space-time change characteristics of regional settlement, is high in data operation processing efficiency and accuracy, achieves time sequence processing according to monitoring periods, fits and calculates regional contours to further obtain space-time change characteristics of regional settlement, and provides powerful data support for researching the subsidence rule of the ground surface of the urban areas and monitoring urban geological disasters.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for acquiring regional sedimentation space-time change characteristics based on level point monitoring, and belongs to the technical field of geological survey.
Background
Urban adverse geological effects are mainly ground subsidence. Along with the rapid development of the urban process and the rapid growth of urban construction, serious disasters such as subsidence, inclination and collapse pits and the like of the urban surface, especially sea-filling areas of coastal cities, can be caused by the continuous increase of loads such as urban buildings, continuous development of underground space, excessive exploitation of urban groundwater and the like. Disaster phenomena such as cracks, collapse pits, building inclination and earth surface subsidence appear on the earth surface of the city, so that the space distribution characteristics of settlement change of the city area are mastered, the occurrence of disaster is prevented and avoided, and at present, earth surface subsidence monitoring of the city area is mainly carried out by adopting earth surface subsidence monitoring points, a large-scale satellite radar monitoring method and the like. However, as the earth surface subsidence monitoring points belong to punctiform changes, the requirement of space-time change analysis of urban areas cannot be met, and satellite radar monitoring is affected by the limitations of defects of the satellite radar monitoring and factors such as urban building construction and the like, and the large-scale monitoring has a certain effect. The adoption of satellite radar remote sensing monitoring can not be aimed at monitoring bridges, pipe galleries and dense building areas.
Meanwhile, the prior related technologies comprise published patents CN108362856A and CN208536829U, and the technology of CN108362856A is used for carrying out simulation analysis on basic structures of cities from the physical modeling perspective, and the research is limited to experimental analysis. Therefore, the technical difficulties that the point settlement data are difficult to comprehensively reflect the regional characteristics are overcome because the point data are obtained in the form of point data corresponding to the level point monitoring of the existing urban region to different degrees, and the analysis of the urban region settlement space-time change characteristics is not facilitated.
Therefore, in order to solve the problem, it is highly desirable to develop a method for acquiring the characteristics of the regional sedimentation space-time variation based on level point monitoring, so as to meet the needs of practical use.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects and provide a method for acquiring the regional sedimentation space-time change characteristics based on level point monitoring.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a method for monitoring the ground subsidence space-time change characteristics of an area based on a level point comprises the following steps:
s1, acquiring data to be detected, firstly defining a region range to be monitored, then acquiring hydrology, urban construction, traffic, urban planning, urban engineering construction and geological data in the region range to be monitored by referring to literature data, and inputting the acquired data into a comprehensive server for standby;
s2, leveling detection point layout, namely, performing leveling reference point layout and layout area leveling monitoring point layout according to the data acquired in the step S1;
s3, data monitoring, namely periodically monitoring ground surface level monitoring points by using high-precision measuring instruments such as a level gauge and the like with the precision not lower than the precision of second-level measurement, acquiring elevation data of each monitoring point, transmitting the elevation data to a comprehensive server, and carrying out level route closing adjustment processing on level achievements by the comprehensive server to obtain an adjustment value of each point on a level route; on the other hand, the leveling net tight adjustment processing is carried out, and the elevation optimal adjustment value of the leveling points in the whole area is obtained;
s4, data calculation, namely determining a plurality of interpolation windows according to the ground monitoring point distribution and the monitoring point settlement amount, and calculating parameters such as the distance, settlement speed, settlement acceleration and the like between each interpolation point and all the level points in the interpolation windows; then determining the weight of each level point settlement and interpolation point according to the inverse distance method; finally, constructing an inverse distance weighted interpolation polynomial, respectively calculating the settlement amount interpolation and the level point settlement amount of each time sequence corresponding to each interpolation window until the interpolation of the whole area is completed, and sending each calculation data to a comprehensive server for standby;
s5, summarizing and modeling, obtaining a large number of interpolation point clouds of the region by the comprehensive server according to the data obtained in the step S4, constructing a TIN model according to the Dirony rule, and calculating to obtain ground subsidence contours of each time sequence; constructing a ground settlement cloud picture and a settlement rate cloud picture of the urban area of each time sequence according to the subsidence contour line; and finally, analyzing the characteristics of urban ground subsidence space-time change, change rate and the like by utilizing the ground subsidence cloud pictures and the subsidence rate cloud pictures of each time sequence.
Further, in the step S4, when performing data calculation:
a. the observation period depends on the sinking speed of the earth surface, and the observation period should be shortened in the earth surface moving active stage. The current settlement is obtained by the difference between two adjacent monitoring points Gao Chengqiu at the same point, and the accumulated settlement is obtained by the difference between the elevation value measured at each period and the first period observation value;
wherein: h is a i The current settlement of the monitoring point obtained by the ith monitoring is obtained,
the current settlement of the monitoring point obtained by the ith monitoring is carried out; h i The elevation value of the monitoring point obtained for the ith monitoring is H 0 The elevation value of the monitoring point is obtained for the first monitoring;
b. according to the interval days of the monitoring period, the sedimentation velocity and the accumulated sedimentation velocity value can be calculated,
wherein: v i Is the ith periodic sedimentation velocity;
to accumulate sedimentation velocity, t i Time interval days for two monitors;
for cumulative monitoring days;
c. calculating parameters such as distance, sedimentation velocity, sedimentation acceleration and the like between the interpolation point and all the level points in the interpolation window, determining weights of sedimentation amounts of all the level points and the interpolation point according to an inverse distance method, and finally constructing an inverse distance weighted interpolation polynomial to calculate the sedimentation amounts of the interpolation point, wherein the specific calculation method is as follows:
wherein: hi is the interpolation point to calculate the settlement; hj is the settlement of the level point in the interpolation calculation window; m is the number of known level points within the interpolation window; delta ij Weights for level points; p, q, r are polynomial degree; θ ij The weight value is calculated according to the dij distance; deltav j Is the known leveling point sedimentation rate; Δa j Sedimentation acceleration, which is a known level point; dij is the distance between the known level point and the interpolation point; sigma is a smoothing factor.
In the step S2, when the leveling reference points and the leveling monitoring points of the layout area are laid, a detection terminal is arranged at each leveling reference point, and all the detection terminals are connected in parallel and establish data connection with the comprehensive server through a wireless communication network.
Further, the detection terminal comprises a positioning anchor rod, a tray, a bearing column, a main detection plate, an auxiliary detection plate, a pressure sensor, spring columns, detection panels, inclination sensors, a triaxial gyroscope and a detection circuit, wherein the bearing column is of a columnar cavity structure with a rectangular axial section, the upper end face of the bearing column is connected with the detection panels, the lower end face of the bearing column is connected with the tray, the bearing column and the detection panels are coaxially distributed, the lower end face of the tray is additionally connected with at least one anchor rod, the anchor rods are vertically distributed with the lower end face of the tray, the number of the main detection plates and the number of the auxiliary detection plates are consistent and are not less than 3, each main detection plate surrounds the axis of the detection panels and is hinged with the detection panels through hinges, the auxiliary detection plates surround the axis of the tray and are hinged with the side surfaces of the tray through hinges, the main detection plates and the auxiliary detection plates are mutually parallel to each other, the main detection plates and the auxiliary detection plates are connected through a spring column, the two ends of the spring column are respectively connected with the main detection plates and the auxiliary detection plates through the pressure sensors, the spring column axes are parallel to the bearing axis of the main detection plates and the bearing column, the main detection plates and the triaxial gyroscope are arranged in the triaxial gyroscope, and the triaxial gyroscope is connected with the detection circuit.
Further, the tray is connected with the detection panel through a flexible sheath, and the flexible sheath is coated outside the bearing column and is coaxially distributed with the bearing column.
Further, the detection panel includes base, photovoltaic board, constant head tank, signal indication lamp, communication antenna and binding post, the base is the platelike structure that the transversal face is the rectangle, and the transversal face of its lower terminal surface is established and is personally submitted the assembly groove of "" font, through the assembly groove cladding outside the spliced pole up end and with the coaxial distribution of spliced pole, the base side surface is established at least two and is encircleed its axis equipartition and accomodates the chamber, and every is accomodate the intracavity and all establishes 1-2 photovoltaic boards, photovoltaic board up end and base up end parallel distribution, and its latter half passes through the hinge and accomodates the chamber lateral wall and articulates, and when photovoltaic board is inlayed in accomodating the chamber, and photovoltaic board lateral surface and base survey surface flush distribution, and the photovoltaic board is located and accomodates the area of intracavity photovoltaic board and be no more than 10% of photovoltaic board total area, the constant head tank passes through revolving stage mechanism and the articulated and coaxial distribution of spliced pole up end, signal indication lamp at least three, encircle the base axis and with the base side surface hinge, and each signal indication lamp is parallelly connected each other, and the optical axis is mutually parallel with the communication axle is parallel with at least one of signal indication lamp, inlay antenna and the parallel connection with the base side, the signal indication lamp is inlayed in the axis and the communication antenna and is located at least on the side of the axis, and the terminal surface.
Further, it is characterized in that: the positioning groove is in any one of a straight-line-shaped groove-shaped structure and a cross-shaped groove-shaped structure, the midpoint of the positioning groove is positioned on the axis of the turntable mechanism, the axis of the positioning groove is parallel to the upper end face of the base, the two end faces of the positioning groove are further connected with the base in a sliding manner through an arc-shaped guide rail which is coaxially distributed with the base, and a positioning magnet is additionally arranged in the groove bottom at the midpoint position of the positioning groove.
Furthermore, the detection circuit is a circuit system based on any one of an FPGA chip and a DSP chip, and is additionally provided with a charge-discharge control circuit, an auxiliary storage battery, a wireless data communication circuit and a satellite positioning circuit.
The system is simple in construction and good in universality, can effectively meet the requirements of monitoring operation of various urban geological structures, is comprehensive in acquisition of detection operation data, high in accuracy of acquired data, high in automation degree of data acquisition and processing operation, effectively achieves settlement change data of limited level monitoring net points of urban areas, performs polynomial weighted interpolation processing to obtain space-time change characteristics of regional settlement, is high in data operation processing efficiency and accuracy, achieves time sequence processing according to monitoring periods, fits and calculates regional contours to further obtain space-time change characteristics of regional settlement, and provides powerful data support for researching the subsidence rule of the ground surface of the urban areas and monitoring urban geological disasters.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the method of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a detection terminal structure;
FIG. 3 is a schematic top view of a detection panel;
FIG. 4 is a schematic top view of a positioning slot;
FIG. 5 is a cloud cover of settling volume for each phase (left to right, phases 5, 10, 15, 20);
FIG. 6 is a cloud chart of cumulative settlement (from left to right, stages 5, 10, 15, 20).
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, a method for monitoring the ground subsidence space-time variation characteristics of an area based on a level point comprises the following steps:
s1, acquiring data to be detected, firstly defining a region range to be monitored, then acquiring hydrology, urban construction, traffic, urban planning, urban engineering construction and geological data in the region range to be monitored by referring to literature data, and inputting the acquired data into a comprehensive server for standby;
s2, leveling detection point layout, namely, performing leveling reference point layout and layout area leveling monitoring point layout according to the data acquired in the step S1;
s3, data monitoring, namely periodically monitoring ground surface level monitoring points by using high-precision measuring instruments such as a level gauge and the like with the precision not lower than the precision of second-level measurement, acquiring elevation data of each monitoring point, transmitting the elevation data to a comprehensive server, and carrying out level route closing adjustment processing on level achievements by the comprehensive server to obtain an adjustment value of each point on a level route; on the other hand, the leveling net tight adjustment processing is carried out, and the elevation optimal adjustment value of the leveling points in the whole area is obtained;
s4, data calculation, namely determining a plurality of interpolation windows according to the ground monitoring point distribution and the monitoring point settlement amount, and calculating parameters such as the distance, settlement speed, settlement acceleration and the like between each interpolation point and all the level points in the interpolation windows; then determining the weight of each level point settlement and interpolation point according to the inverse distance method; finally, constructing an inverse distance weighted interpolation polynomial, respectively calculating the settlement amount interpolation and the level point settlement amount of each time sequence corresponding to each interpolation window until the interpolation of the whole area is completed, and sending each calculation data to a comprehensive server for standby;
s5, summarizing and modeling, obtaining a large number of interpolation point clouds of the region by the comprehensive server according to the data obtained in the step S4, constructing a TIN model according to the Dirony rule, and calculating to obtain ground subsidence contours of each time sequence; constructing a ground settlement cloud picture and a settlement rate cloud picture of the urban area of each time sequence according to the subsidence contour line; and finally, analyzing the characteristics of urban ground subsidence space-time change, change rate and the like by utilizing the ground subsidence cloud pictures and the subsidence rate cloud pictures of each time sequence.
The important explanation is that, in the step S4, when the data calculation is performed:
a. the observation period depends on the sinking speed of the earth surface, and the observation period should be shortened in the earth surface moving active stage. The current settlement is obtained by the difference between two adjacent monitoring points Gao Chengqiu at the same point, and the accumulated settlement is obtained by the difference between the elevation value measured at each period and the first period observation value;
wherein: h is a i Obtained for the ith monitoringThe settlement of the time is monitored by a monitoring point,
the current settlement of the monitoring point obtained by the ith monitoring is carried out; h i The elevation value of the monitoring point obtained for the ith monitoring is H 0 The elevation value of the monitoring point is obtained for the first monitoring;
b. according to the interval days of the monitoring period, the sedimentation velocity and the accumulated sedimentation velocity value can be calculated,
wherein: v i Is the ith periodic sedimentation velocity;
to accumulate sedimentation velocity, t i Time interval days for two monitors;
for cumulative monitoring days;
c. calculating parameters such as distance, sedimentation velocity, sedimentation acceleration and the like between the interpolation point and all the level points in the interpolation window, determining weights of sedimentation amounts of all the level points and the interpolation point according to an inverse distance method, and finally constructing an inverse distance weighted interpolation polynomial to calculate the sedimentation amounts of the interpolation point, wherein the specific calculation method is as follows:
wherein: hi is the interpolation point to calculate the settlement; hj is the settlement of the level point in the interpolation calculation window; m is the number of known level points within the interpolation window; delta ij Weights for level points; p, q, r are polynomial degree; θ ij The weight value is calculated according to the dij distance; deltav j Is the known leveling point sedimentation rate; Δa j Sedimentation acceleration, which is a known level point; dij is a known level point and insertThe distance of the value points; sigma is a smoothing factor.
In this embodiment, in the step S2, when the leveling reference points and the leveling monitoring points of the layout area are laid, one detection terminal is set at each leveling reference point, and each detection terminal is connected in parallel and establishes data connection with the comprehensive server through the wireless communication network. For better explanation of the contents of the schemes described in the present application, those skilled in the art will fully understand the technical contents described in the present application, and the explanation will be made with reference to a working example of monitoring a city area:
as shown in fig. 5-6, the area should be surveyed for leveling points and surveyed in situ before the urban area ground subsidence monitoring is performed. The working steps for acquiring the space-time change characteristics of the ground monitoring of the area are as follows:
1. the arrangement and measurement of the monitoring level points are carried out according to the regional conditions, and the close loop error obtained by measurement and the regional level network are subjected to tight adjustment;
2. performing periodic processing on the level point elevation data of the regional adjustment according to time sequence to obtain time sequence variation accumulated settlement and settlement rate data monitored by each period;
3. performing sedimentation quantity interpolation calculation on the region by using a polynomial inverse distance weighted interpolation calculation method to obtain a sedimentation quantity point cloud and a sedimentation rate point cloud of the region;
4, constructing a TIN model by using the point cloud, and then calculating a contour map of the region so as to form a ground surface subsidence cloud map of the region;
5. and sequencing the settlement amount and the settlement rate of each period according to the time sequence, so as to obtain the settlement information of the whole period of the area.
As shown in fig. 2-4, the important explanation is that the detection terminal comprises a positioning anchor rod 1, a tray 2, a bearing column 3, a main detection plate 4, an auxiliary detection plate 5, pressure sensors 6, spring columns 7, a detection panel 8, an inclination sensor 9, a triaxial gyroscope 10 and a detection circuit 11, the bearing column 3 is a columnar cavity structure with a rectangular axial section, the upper end face of the bearing column 3 is connected with the detection panel 8, the lower end face of the bearing column is connected with the tray 2, the bearing column 3 and the detection panel 8 are coaxially distributed, the lower end face of the tray 2 is additionally connected with at least one anchor rod 1, the anchor rod 1 is vertically distributed with the lower end face of the tray 2, the main detection plate 4 and the auxiliary detection plates 5 are consistent in number and are not less than 3, the main detection plates 4 are uniformly distributed around the axis of the detection panel 8, the auxiliary detection plate 5 are hinged with the detection panel 8 through hinges, the auxiliary detection plate 5 are uniformly distributed around the axis of the tray 2 and hinged with the side surface of the tray 2, the main detection plate 4 and the auxiliary detection plate 5 are mutually parallel to each other, the lower end face of the tray 2 is coaxially distributed among the main detection plate 4, the bearing plate 5, the auxiliary detection plate 5 is coaxially distributed among the auxiliary detection plate 5 through the spring columns 7, the two detection plates 7 and the triaxial gyroscope 4 are respectively connected with the triaxial gyroscope 10, the triaxial gyroscope 4 through the spring detector 7, the detection plate 6 and the detection plate 11, the detection plate 11 are respectively, the detection plate 4 is connected with the triaxial detection plate 11, and the detection circuit 11 through the detection plate 6, and the detection plate 4 are respectively, and the detection plate 4.
When the detection terminal is installed and positioned, the lower end surfaces of the anchor rod, the tray, the bearing column, the main detection plate, the auxiliary detection plate and the detection panel are embedded in the plane of the monitoring point, and the surfaces of the main detection plate and the auxiliary detection plate after being installed are vertically distributed with the axis of the bearing column and are parallel to the horizontal plane, so that the requirement of the installation and positioning operation of the detection terminal is met;
in the detection process, the positioning stability of the middle detection end is increased through the anchor rod, the main detection plate and the auxiliary detection plate, meanwhile, the contact area between the detection terminal and the geological structure is increased through the main detection plate and the auxiliary detection plate, and when the geological structure is deformed, the whole bearing column, the main detection plate and the auxiliary detection plate are settled; in the sedimentation process, on one hand, the settlement amount and the sedimentation direction are integrally detected through a triaxial gyroscope in the bearing column; on the other hand, the accurate detection of the local sedimentation deformation in the corresponding direction is realized through each main detection plate and each auxiliary detection plate which are uniformly distributed around the axis of the bearing column;
when the main detection plate and the auxiliary detection plate are used for carrying out directional settlement amount detection operation, the main detection plate and the auxiliary detection plate are subjected to settlement displacement due to deformation of a geological structure, on one hand, the settlement direction, the settlement angle and the settlement amount are detected through the inclination angle sensor, and on the other hand, the space between the main detection plate and the auxiliary detection plate and the acceptance state are detected through the spring column and the pressure sensor, so that accurate detection of the settlement relative displacement of the main detection plate and the auxiliary detection plate is realized; finally, collecting settlement data detected by the main detection plates and the auxiliary detection plates and settlement data of the bearing column, and when the detection data of the triaxial gyroscope in the bearing column is in direct proportion to the settlement detection data among the main detection plates and the auxiliary detection plates, performing settlement monitoring to the geological settlement; when the settlement data detected by the bearing column and the main detection plate and the auxiliary detection plate are not proportional, the settlement direction and the settlement angle of the main detection plate and the auxiliary detection plate when settlement occurs and the interval between the main detection plate and the auxiliary detection plate in settlement are changed and the settlement amount of the bearing column is inconsistent, part of the settlement amount detected by the main detection plate and the auxiliary detection plate at present belongs to the displacement of the detection terminal caused by the change of the earth surface structure and does not belong to effective geological settlement.
Thereby eliminating the influence of external force factor interference on the geological settlement monitoring result.
In this embodiment, the tray 2 and the detection panel 8 are connected by a flexible sheath 12, and the flexible sheath 12 is wrapped outside the bearing column 3 and is coaxially distributed with the bearing column 3.
The flexible sheath is used for effectively protecting the bearing column and the electric equipment in the bearing column, so that corrosion of the bearing column and the electric equipment in the bearing column by the soil environment is reduced.
Meanwhile, the detection panel 8 comprises a base 81, a photovoltaic plate 82, a positioning groove 83, signal indicating lamps 84, communication antennas 85 and wiring terminals 86, the base 81 is of a plate-shaped structure with rectangular cross sections, the lower end face of the base 81 is provided with an assembly groove 87 with a cross section in a shape of , the assembly groove 87 is wrapped outside the upper end face of the bearing column 3 and is coaxially distributed with the bearing column 3, the side surface of the base 81 is provided with at least two containing cavities 88 uniformly distributed around the axis of the base 81, each containing cavity 88 is internally provided with 1-2 photovoltaic plates 82, the upper end face of each photovoltaic plate 82 is parallel to the upper end face of the base 81, the rear half of each photovoltaic plate 82 is hinged to the side wall of the containing cavity 88 through a hinge, when the photovoltaic plate 82 is embedded in the containing cavity 88, the outer side face of each photovoltaic plate 82 is parallel to the side surface of the base 81, the area of the photovoltaic plate 82 is not larger than 10% of the total area of the photovoltaic plate 82 in the containing cavity 88, the positioning groove 83 is hinged to the upper end face of the base 81 through a mechanism 89 and is coaxially distributed around the upper end face of the base 81, the signal indicating lamps 84 are uniformly distributed around the axis of the base 81, and at least three signal indicating lamps 84 are uniformly distributed around the axis of the base 81, the base 81 and the signal indicating lamps are parallel to the side of the base 81 and the side of the base 81 are parallel to the surface of the base 81, and the signal indicating lamps are connected with the side surface of the base 81, and the signal indicating lamps are parallel to the base 81 and the side surface of the base 81 at least one side surface is parallel to the surface of the surface is connected to the surface of the base 81, and the surface is connected to the signal indicating plate 81 and the surface is respectively.
The photovoltaic panel is arranged to realize the purpose of utilizing solar energy to generate electricity so as to supply electric energy for equipment operation, and the photovoltaic panel is protected through the accommodating cavity;
the needs of night auxiliary positioning and aviation telemetering operation are realized through the set signal indicator lamp;
through setting up the constant head tank, realize carrying out auxiliary surveying equipment installation location's such as scale needs fast, improve the flexibility and the convenience of survey and drawing operation.
In addition, the positioning groove 83 is any one of a straight-line-shaped groove-shaped structure and a cross-shaped groove-shaped structure, the midpoint of the positioning groove 83 is positioned on the axis of the turntable mechanism 89, the axis of the positioning groove 83 is parallel to the upper end surface of the base 81, the two end surfaces of the positioning groove 83 are further connected in a sliding manner through an arc-shaped guide rail 80 which is coaxially distributed with the base 81, and the positioning magnet 13 is additionally arranged in the groove bottom at the midpoint position of the positioning groove 83.
The magnetic field of the magnet is utilized, so that the positioning accuracy and stability of mapping equipment are effectively improved.
Further preferably, the detection circuit 11 is a circuit system based on any one of an FPGA chip and a DSP chip, and the detection circuit 11 is additionally provided with a charge-discharge control circuit, an auxiliary battery, a wireless data communication circuit and a satellite positioning circuit, where the satellite positioning circuit and the wireless data communication circuit can effectively realize the needs of remote communication and satellite remote sensing mapping operation, and improve the flexibility of mapping operation and the convenience of obtaining mapping data.
The system is simple in construction and good in universality, can effectively meet the requirements of monitoring operation of various urban geological structures, is comprehensive in acquisition of detection operation data, high in accuracy of acquired data, high in automation degree of data acquisition and processing operation, effectively achieves settlement change data of limited level monitoring net points of urban areas, performs polynomial weighted interpolation processing to obtain space-time change characteristics of regional settlement, is high in data operation processing efficiency and accuracy, achieves time sequence processing according to monitoring periods, fits and calculates regional contours to further obtain space-time change characteristics of regional settlement, and provides powerful data support for researching the subsidence rule of the ground surface of the urban areas and monitoring urban geological disasters.
The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles and main features of the present invention and the advantages of the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and that the above embodiments and descriptions are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention, and various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is defined in the appended claims. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (7)
1. A method for monitoring the ground subsidence space-time change characteristics of an area based on a level point is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method for monitoring the ground subsidence space-time change characteristics of the area based on the level points comprises the following steps:
s1, acquiring data to be detected, firstly defining a region range to be monitored, then acquiring hydrology, urban construction, traffic, urban planning, urban engineering construction and geological data in the region range to be monitored by referring to literature data, and inputting the acquired data into a comprehensive server for standby;
s2, leveling detection point layout, namely, performing leveling reference point layout and layout area leveling monitoring point layout according to the data acquired in the step S1;
s3, data monitoring, namely periodically monitoring ground surface level monitoring points by using a high-precision measuring instrument of the leveling instrument with precision not lower than that of second level measurement, acquiring elevation data of each monitoring point, transmitting the elevation data to a comprehensive server, and carrying out leveling route closing adjustment processing on leveling achievements by the comprehensive server to obtain adjustment values of each point on the leveling route; on the other hand, the leveling net tight adjustment processing is carried out, and the elevation optimal adjustment value of the leveling points in the whole area is obtained;
s4, data calculation, namely determining a plurality of interpolation windows according to the ground monitoring point distribution and the monitoring point settlement amount, and calculating all parameters of the distance, settlement speed and settlement acceleration between each interpolation point and all the level points in the interpolation windows; then determining the weight of each level point settlement and interpolation point according to the inverse distance method; finally, constructing an inverse distance weighted interpolation polynomial, respectively calculating the settlement amount interpolation and the level point settlement amount of each time sequence corresponding to each interpolation window until the interpolation of the whole area is completed, and sending each calculation data to a comprehensive server for standby;
s5, summarizing and modeling, obtaining a large number of interpolation point clouds of the region by the comprehensive server according to the data obtained in the step S4, constructing a TIN model according to the Dirony rule, and calculating to obtain ground subsidence contours of each time sequence; constructing a ground settlement cloud picture and a settlement rate cloud picture of the urban area of each time sequence according to the subsidence contour line; finally, analyzing all characteristics of the urban ground subsidence space-time change and the change rate by utilizing the ground subsidence cloud pictures and the subsidence rate cloud pictures of all time sequences;
wherein, when data calculation is performed:
a. the observation period depends on the subsidence speed of the earth surface, the observation period is shortened in the earth surface moving active stage, the current subsidence is obtained by the difference between the adjacent monitoring points Gao Chengqiu of the same point, and the accumulated subsidence amount is obtained by the difference between the elevation value measured in each stage and the first-stage observation value;
wherein: h is a i The current settlement of the monitoring point obtained by the ith monitoring is obtained,
the current settlement of the monitoring point obtained by the ith monitoring is carried out; h i The elevation value of the monitoring point obtained for the ith monitoring is H 0 The elevation value of the monitoring point is obtained for the first monitoring;
b. according to the interval days of the monitoring period, the sedimentation velocity and the accumulated sedimentation velocity value can be calculated,
wherein: v i Is the ith periodic sedimentation velocity;
to accumulate sedimentation velocity, t i Time interval days for two monitors; />
For cumulative monitoring days;
c. calculating all parameters of distance, sedimentation velocity and sedimentation acceleration between the interpolation point and all the level points in the interpolation window, determining the weight of sedimentation quantity of each level point and the interpolation point according to an inverse distance method, and finally constructing an inverse distance weighted interpolation polynomial to calculate the sedimentation quantity of the interpolation point, wherein the specific calculation method is as follows:
wherein: hi is the interpolation point to calculate the settlement; hj is the settlement of the level point in the interpolation calculation window; m is the number of known level points within the interpolation window; delta ij Weights for level points; p, q, r are polynomial degree; θ ij The weight value is calculated according to the dij distance; deltav j Is the known leveling point sedimentation rate; Δa j Sedimentation acceleration, which is a known level point; dij is the distance between the known level point and the interpolation point; sigma is a smoothing factor.
2. A method for monitoring regional ground subsidence spatiotemporal variation characteristics based on leveling points as set forth in claim 1 wherein: in the step S2, when the leveling datum points and the leveling monitoring points of the layout area are laid, the leveling datum points are provided with one detection terminal, and all the detection terminals are connected in parallel and establish data connection with the comprehensive server through a wireless communication network.
3. A method for monitoring regional ground subsidence spatiotemporal variation characteristics based on leveling points as set forth in claim 2 wherein: the detection terminal comprises positioning anchor rods, trays, bearing columns, main detection plates, auxiliary detection plates, pressure sensors, spring columns, detection panels, inclination sensors, three-axis gyroscopes and detection circuits, wherein the bearing columns are of columnar cavity structures with rectangular axial sections, the upper end faces of the bearing columns are connected with the detection panels, the lower end faces of the bearing columns are connected with the trays, the bearing columns and the detection panels are coaxially distributed, the lower end faces of the trays are additionally connected with at least one anchor rod, the anchor rods are vertically distributed with the lower end faces of the trays, the number of the main detection plates and the number of the auxiliary detection plates are consistent and are not less than 3, the main detection plates are uniformly distributed around the axes of the detection panels and hinged with the detection panels through hinges, the auxiliary detection plates are uniformly distributed around the axes of the trays and hinged with the side surfaces of the trays, the main detection plates and the auxiliary detection plates are mutually parallel, the main detection plates and the auxiliary detection plates are connected through a spring column, the two ends of the spring columns are respectively connected with the main detection plates and the auxiliary detection plates through the pressure sensors, the spring column axes are parallel to the axes of the bearing columns, and the main detection plates, the auxiliary detection plates and the three-axis detection plates are embedded with the three-axis gyroscopes are uniformly connected with the three-axis detection circuits, and the detection circuits are electrically connected with the three-axis detection gyroscope, and the detection gyroscope detection device.
4. A method for monitoring regional ground subsidence spatiotemporal variation signature based on leveling points as set forth in claim 3 wherein: the tray is connected with the detection panel through a flexible sheath, and the flexible sheath is coated outside the bearing column and is coaxially distributed with the bearing column.
5. A method for monitoring regional ground subsidence spatiotemporal variation signature based on leveling points as set forth in claim 3 wherein: the utility model provides a detection panel includes base, photovoltaic board, constant head tank, signal indication lamp, communication antenna and binding post, the base is the platelike structure that the transversal face is the rectangle, and the mounting groove of transversal face "" font is established to its lower terminal surface, through mounting groove cladding outside the terminal surface of bearing the weight of post and with bear the weight of post coaxial distribution, the base side surface is established at least two and is encircleed its axis equipartition and accomodate the chamber, and every is accomodate the intracavity and all establish 1-2 photovoltaic boards, photovoltaic board up end and base up end parallel distribution, and its latter half passes through the hinge and accomodates the chamber lateral wall and articulates, and photovoltaic board inlays when accomodating the chamber, and photovoltaic board lateral surface and base side surface parallel distribution, photovoltaic board lateral surface are located and are accomodate the chamber when the photovoltaic board is outside, are located the area of accomodating the intracavity photovoltaic board and are not more than 10% of photovoltaic board total area, the constant head tank articulates and coaxial distribution through revolving stage mechanism and base up end, signal indication lamp at least three, encircle the axis and articulate with base side surface, and each signal lamp is parallel to each other with the signal lamp, optical axis and bear the axis and parallel distribution, at least one is inlayed in the antenna and is parallel with the terminal surface, is connected with the terminal surface, signal lamp parallel with the signal lamp side.
6. The method for monitoring the characteristics of the regional ground subsidence spatiotemporal variation based on the level points according to claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the positioning groove is in any one of a straight-line-shaped groove-shaped structure and a cross-shaped groove-shaped structure, the midpoint of the positioning groove is positioned on the axis of the turntable mechanism, the axis of the positioning groove is parallel to the upper end face of the base, the two end faces of the positioning groove are further connected with the base in a sliding manner through an arc-shaped guide rail which is coaxially distributed with the base, and a positioning magnet is additionally arranged in the groove bottom at the midpoint position of the positioning groove.
7. A method for monitoring regional ground subsidence spatiotemporal variation signature based on leveling points as set forth in claim 3 wherein: the detection circuit is a circuit system based on any one of an FPGA chip and a DSP chip, and is additionally provided with a charge-discharge control circuit, an auxiliary storage battery, a wireless data communication circuit and a satellite positioning circuit.
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