CN115233947A

CN115233947A - Plastering device and method

Info

Publication number: CN115233947A
Application number: CN202110438045.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 阳跃武; 王荣荣; 谢军; 刘剑秋; 徐龙
Original assignee: Guangdong Bozhilin Robot Co Ltd
Current assignee: Guangdong Bozhilin Robot Co Ltd
Priority date: 2021-04-22
Filing date: 2021-04-22
Publication date: 2022-10-25

Abstract

The application provides a plastering device and a plastering method, and relates to the field of construction machinery. The plastering device comprises a base, a first guide rail and a second guide rail, wherein the base comprises the first guide rail extending along the vertical direction and the second guide rail extending along the left-right direction; the placing table comprises a first mounting seat and a bearing table which is arranged on the first guide rail and used for bearing the building materials; the plastering mechanism comprises a second mounting seat and a plastering head, the plastering head can be arranged on the second mounting seat in a left-right swinging mode, and the second mounting seat is arranged on the second guide rail; rotating the plastering head at the first position around a preset axis to plaster the side surface of the building material; the placing table can be located at the second position by lifting along the up-down direction, and the upper surface of the building material located at the second position is located on the left-right direction displacement path of the plastering head and is used for plastering the upper surface of the building material. The side and the upper surface of building material are plastered respectively through the removal realization of placing platform and plastering head, and the motion that the device of plastering realized the plastering is simple, can improve plastering efficiency and quality.

Description

Plastering device and method

Technical Field

The application relates to the field of construction machinery, in particular to a plastering device and a plastering method.

Background

At present, mortar coating is an important process in the masonry process, most of plastering devices in the prior art are complex in structure, and when plastering the upper surface and the side surface of a building material, a plastering head firstly rotates to the position close to the side surface of a brick block, the side surface of the brick block is plastered in an up-and-down moving way, then the corner position of the brick block rotates, the upper surface of the brick block is plastered in a left-and-right moving way, and as the plastering mechanism is provided with a lifting mechanism and a rotating mechanism, the whole plastering time is relatively long, so that the rapid plastering is not facilitated.

Disclosure of Invention

The embodiment of the application provides a plastering device and a plastering method, which aim to solve the problem that the conventional plastering device cannot plaster quickly.

In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a plastering device for plastering a building material, wherein the surface of the building material includes an upper surface, a lower surface and a plurality of side surfaces, and includes a base, and the base includes a first guide rail extending along an up-down direction and a second guide rail extending along a left-right direction; the placing table comprises a first mounting seat and a bearing table fixed on the first mounting seat, the first mounting seat is movably mounted on the first guide rail and can reciprocate up and down to move relative to the first guide rail, and the bearing table is used for bearing building materials; the plastering mechanism comprises a second mounting seat and a plastering head connected to the second mounting seat, the plastering head can be mounted on the second mounting seat in a left-right swinging mode along a preset axis, the second mounting seat drives the plastering head to be arranged on the second guide rail in a left-right direction in a relatively movable mode, and the tail end of the plastering head is used for touching and plastering the surface of the building material; the plastering head rotates around a preset axis within a range including a first position, and the tail end of the plastering head at the first position is positioned on a displacement path of one side surface of the building material along the up-down direction and is used for plastering the side surface of the building material; the lifting range of the placing table along the vertical direction comprises a second position, and the upper surface of the building material positioned at the second position is positioned on the left-right direction displacement path of the tail end of the plastering head and is used for plastering the upper surface of the building material; the up-down direction, the left-right direction and the direction of the preset axis are vertical to each other.

Among the above-mentioned technical scheme, when the plastering head is located the first position through placing the platform and reciprocate in order to realize the side plastering to building material, when the plastering mechanism moved about, the end of plastering head can be to building material's upper surface plastering, can improve labor efficiency and mortar coating quality. In addition, building material's side plastering is realized through the reciprocating of placing the platform, and building material's upper surface plastering is realized through the mechanism that removes about the plastering mechanism, realizes that the motion relation of plastering mechanism is simple, can improve plastering efficiency and quality. In addition, when the building materials are placed on the bearing platform of the placing platform, the plastering mechanism does not need to be avoided in the vertical direction, and the placing efficiency of the building materials is improved.

In some embodiments of the present application, the range of the plastering head of the plastering mechanism rotating along the preset axis further includes a third position, the plastering head located at the first position can swing to the third position in the direction away from the building material around the preset axis, and the tail end of the plastering head located at the third position displaces in the left-right direction and touches and plasters the upper surface of the building material located at the second position.

Among the above-mentioned technical scheme, the plastering head can rotate to the third position around predetermineeing the axis to convenient upper surface plastering to building material.

In some embodiments of the present application, the grouting mechanism includes a grouting channel for delivering the grout to the grouting head, and a valve disposed in the grouting channel for controlling the opening and closing of the grouting channel, wherein the valve closes the grouting channel when the grouting head rotates from the first position to the third position.

Among the above-mentioned technical scheme, when the in-process of plastering head rotatory to the third position from first position, defeated thick liquid passageway is closed to the valve, can avoid thick liquids extravagant.

In some embodiments of the present application, the path between the first position and the third position includes a fifth position, the plastering head at the first position rotates to the fifth position around the preset axis in a direction close to the building material, and the plastering head at the fifth position rotates to the third position around the preset axis in a direction away from the building material; and in the process that the plastering head rotates from the first position to the fifth position, the tail end of the plastering head is plastered on a partial area, close to the plastering head, of the upper surface of the building material at the second position.

Among the above-mentioned technical scheme, the in-process of rotary extremely fifth position of first position of plastering head, the terminal plastering of plastering head is in the subregion that closes on the plastering head of the upper surface that is located the building material of second position, can make and close the upper surface at building material not paintd by the thick liquids of remaining in the plastering head after defeated thick liquid passageway is closed to the valve, and make full use of thick liquids avoids thick liquids extravagant.

In some embodiments of the present application, during the rotation of the grouting head from the first position to the fifth position, the valve closes the grout conveying channel, and the grout applied to the upper surface of the building material at the tail end of the grouting head is the residual grout in the grouting head.

Among the above-mentioned technical scheme, the in-process of plastering head rotatory to the fifth position from the first position can be scribbled the clout of remaining in the plastering head after the valve is closed on building material's upper surface, and make full use of thick liquids avoids thick liquids extravagant.

In some embodiments of the present application, the range of the placing table ascending and descending along the up-down direction includes a fourth position, the fourth position is located above the second position, and the placing table is used for bearing the building materials transferred from the outside when located at the fourth position; the placing table drives the building material to move downwards from the fourth position to the second position along the up-down direction, and the tail end of the plastering head at the first position is in contact with the side face of the building material and plasters the building material.

Among the above-mentioned technical scheme, after being located the placing bench of fourth position and having born the weight of building material, can go on to carry out the plastering through the plastering head of position primary importance to building material's side from fourth position downwardly moving to the second position, the process is continuous, and the plastering is convenient, has improved plastering efficiency.

In some embodiments of the present application, the plastering head itself defines a direction line whose central plane coincides with the central plane of the carrier and is parallel to the left-right direction.

Among the above-mentioned technical scheme, the coincidence of its self definition central plane of plastering head and plummer's central plane for the upper surface that the thick liquids that the plastering head was paintd on the upper surface matches building material's upper surface, can distribute evenly.

In some embodiments of the present application, the plastering device further includes a first driving mechanism for driving the second mounting base to move in the left-right direction; the plastering mechanism also comprises a first driving assembly, and the first driving assembly is arranged at the output end of the first driving mechanism; the first driving assembly is used for driving the plastering head to rotate around a preset axis so as to enable the plastering head to swing along the left and right directions.

Among the above-mentioned technical scheme, first drive assembly drive plastering head is around predetermineeing the axis and rotates, can make the plastering head adjust to suitable angle and carry out the plastering to the building materials body to guarantee the plastering quality.

In some embodiments of the present application, the plastering mechanism further comprises a second driving assembly, the second driving assembly is mounted at the output end of the first driving assembly, and the plastering head is mounted at the output end of the second driving assembly; the second drive assembly is used for driving the plastering head to rotate around an axis extending along the up-down direction so as to adjust the orientation of the tail end of the plastering head, and thus the plastering head can plaster different sides of the building material respectively.

Among the above-mentioned technical scheme, under second drive assembly's drive, the plastering head can commutate for the plastering face of plastering head is divided by the different sides of building material, realizes plastering to different sides.

In some embodiments of the present application, the plastering mechanism further comprises a third mounting seat, a first gear and a second gear; the third mounting seat is mounted at the output end of the first driving assembly, the second driving assembly is mounted at the third mounting seat, the first gear is mounted at the output end of the second driving assembly, the second gear is rotatably mounted at the third mounting seat, the plastering head is fixedly mounted at the second gear, and the first gear is meshed with the second gear.

Among the above-mentioned technical scheme, be connected through the gear drive transmission between second drive assembly and the plastering head for power transmission is steady, and can change the rotational speed of second drive assembly transmission to plastering head.

In some embodiments of the present application, the first driving mechanism includes a first motor, a first belt transmission assembly, and a screw rod, the first motor is mounted on the base, a rotation axis of the first motor is parallel to an axis of the screw rod, the first motor and the screw rod are in transmission connection through the first belt transmission assembly, the second mounting seat is screwed to the screw rod, and the plastering head is mounted on the second guide rail through the second mounting seat.

Among the above-mentioned technical scheme, connect through the transmission of first area transmission assembly between first motor and the lead screw for the transmission is more steady, and belt drive mechanism has the characteristics that the noise is little simultaneously. The second guide rail is arranged to enable the second mounting seat to move along a preset path, and the moving direction of the plastering mechanism is kept constant.

In some embodiments of the present application, the plastering device further comprises a second driving mechanism for driving the placing table to move in the up-and-down direction; the second driving mechanism comprises a second motor and a second belt transmission assembly, the second motor is installed on the base and drives the second belt transmission assembly to move, and the placing table is fixed on a synchronous belt of the second belt transmission assembly and can move up and down relative to the first guide rail under the driving of the synchronous belt.

Among the above-mentioned technical scheme, the second motor with place the platform and pass through the transmission of second belt drive assembly and connect for the transmission is more steady, and belt drive mechanism has the characteristics that the noise is little simultaneously. The second guide rail is arranged to enable the placing table to move along a preset path, and the moving direction of the placing table is kept constant.

In some embodiments of the present application, the plastering device further comprises a positioning mechanism, the positioning mechanism is mounted on the placing table; the positioning mechanism comprises a first clamping part, a second clamping part and a third driving assembly, and the first clamping part and the second clamping part are slidably arranged on the placing table; the third driving assembly is used for driving the first clamping part and the second clamping part to move close to or away from each other so as to clamp or release the building material.

Among the above-mentioned technical scheme, positioning mechanism's setting makes and treats the body of polishing remain stable at the plastering in-process, avoids thick liquids and treats that the friction between the body of plastering makes and treats the body of plastering and remove.

In some embodiments of the present application, the positioning mechanism further includes a transmission structure, and the third driving assembly drives the first clamping portion and the second clamping portion to approach or move away from each other through the transmission structure; the transmission structure comprises a first rack portion arranged on the first clamping portion, a second rack portion arranged on the second clamping portion and a third gear connected to the output end of the third driving assembly, and the first rack portion and the second rack portion are meshed with the third gear on two sides of the gear in the radial direction respectively.

Among the above-mentioned technical scheme, transmission structure makes the synchronism of first clamping part and second clamping part motion better.

In some embodiments of the application, the plastering device comprises an upper limiting piece and a lower limiting piece which are arranged on the base at intervals along the up-down direction, and the second driving mechanism drives the placing table to move between the upper limiting piece and the lower limiting piece.

Among the above-mentioned technical scheme, go up the setting of spacing piece and spacing piece down and can avoid the second actuating mechanism out of control to cause and place the platform and remove transfinites.

In some embodiments of the present application, the plastering device further includes an in-place sensor for detecting whether the building material is placed on the bearing platform of the placing platform.

In the technical scheme, the in-place detection sensor is arranged to facilitate the determination of the starting time of each driving part and avoid the advance or delay starting of the driving parts.

In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a plastering method, including:

the plastering head is positioned at a first position, and one side surface of the building material is plastered by moving the placing table on which the building material is placed along the vertical direction;

the placing table is located at the second position, and the plastering head is moved in the left-right direction, so that plastering on the upper surface of the building material is realized.

Among the above-mentioned technical scheme, reciprocate in order to realize building material's side plastering through placing the platform when the plastering head is located the primary importance, when placing the platform and being located the second place, when the mechanism of plastering moves about, the end of plastering head can be to building material's upper surface plastering, and the motion relation of the mechanism of plastering is simple in the realization of plastering, can improve plastering efficiency and quality. In addition, when the building materials are placed on the bearing platform of the placing platform, the plastering mechanism does not need to be avoided in the vertical direction, and the placing efficiency of the building materials is improved.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained from the drawings without inventive effort.

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a plastering device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a first drive mechanism provided in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a second drive mechanism provided by an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 4 is a schematic view of a first viewing angle of a plastering mechanism provided in the embodiment of the present application;

fig. 5 is a schematic view of a second viewing angle of a plastering mechanism provided in the embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a positioning mechanism provided in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the plastering head in a first position and the construction material in a fourth position;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the troweling head in the first position and the construction material between the fourth position and the second position;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the plastering head in a first position and the construction material in a second position;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the construction material in a second position with the plastering head switched from the first position to a third position;

FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the construction material in a second position, the plastering head in a first position, and moving the plastering material in the left-right direction to plaster the upper surface of the construction material;

fig. 12 is a schematic view of a plastering apparatus plastering a first side of a brick;

fig. 13 is a schematic view of a plastering apparatus plastering the upper surfaces of the bricks;

fig. 14 is a schematic view of a plastering apparatus plastering a second side of a brick.

Icon: 100-a plastering device; 10-a base; 11-a first guide rail; 12-a second guide rail; 13-a strand slot; 14-an upper stop; 15-a lower retainer; 16-a third guide rail; 20-placing the table; 21-a first mount; 22-a carrier table; 30-a plastering mechanism; 31-a second mount; 32-a plastering head; 321-scraping teeth; 33-a first drive assembly; 34-a second drive assembly; 35-a third mount; 36-a first gear; 37-a second gear; 38-plastering the bearing; 40-a first drive mechanism; 41-a first motor; 42-a first belt drive assembly; 43-a screw rod; 50-a second drive mechanism; 51-a second motor; 52-a second belt drive assembly; 521-a driving wheel; 522-driven wheel; 523-synchronous belt; 60-a drag chain; 70-a valve; 80-a positioning mechanism; 81-a first clamping section; 811-first rack portion; 82-a second clamping portion; 821-second rack portion; 83-a third drive assembly; 831-third gear; 90-in-position sensor; 200-a building material; 210-a first side; 220-a second side; 230-upper surface; a0-a preset axis; a1 — a first position; a2 — second position; a3 — third position; a4 — fourth position; a5-fifth position.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present application, as generally described and illustrated in the figures herein, could be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.

Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the application. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict.

It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined or explained in subsequent figures.

In the description of the embodiments of the present application, it should be noted that the indication of orientation or positional relationship is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship which is usually placed when the product of the application is used, or the orientation or positional relationship which is conventionally understood by those skilled in the art, is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and operate, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present application. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used solely to distinguish one from another and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

In the description of the embodiments of the present application, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly stated or limited, the terms "disposed," "mounted," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may for example be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate. The specific meaning of the above terms in this application will be understood to be a specific case for those of ordinary skill in the art.

Examples

As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a plastering apparatus 100 for plastering a construction material, wherein the surface of the construction material comprises an upper surface, a lower surface and a plurality of side surfaces.

The plastering apparatus 100 includes a base 10, a placing table 20, a plastering mechanism 30, a first driving mechanism 40 and a second driving mechanism 50.

The base 10 includes a first rail 11 extending in the up-down direction and a second rail 12 extending in the left-right direction.

The first driving mechanism 40 is used for driving the plastering mechanism 30 to move in the left-right direction relative to the second guide rail 12, so that the plastering mechanism 30 plasters the upper surface 230 of the building material in the left-right direction.

The second driving mechanism 50 is used for driving the placing table 20 to move in the up-and-down direction relative to the first guide rail, so that the plastering head 32 of the plastering mechanism 30 plasters the side surface of the building material.

The placing table 20 includes a first mounting seat 21 and a bearing table 22 fixed to the first mounting seat 21, the first mounting seat 21 is movably mounted on the first rail 11 and can reciprocate up and down relative to the first rail 11, and the bearing table 22 is used for bearing the building material.

The plastering mechanism 30 comprises a second mounting seat 31 and a plastering head 32 connected to the second mounting seat 31, the plastering head 32 is mounted on the second mounting seat 31 in a left-right swinging mode along a preset axis, the second mounting seat 31 drives the plastering head 32 to be arranged on the second guide rail 12 in a left-right direction in a relative moving mode, and the tail end of the plastering head 32 is used for contacting the surface of the building material. The plastering mechanism 30 further comprises a first driving assembly 33 which is arranged at the output end of the first driving mechanism 40; the first driving assembly 33 is used for driving the plastering head 32 to rotate around a preset axis, so that the plastering head 32 rotates in the left-right direction.

The plastering mechanism 30 further comprises a second driving assembly 34, the second driving assembly 34 is mounted at the output end of the first driving assembly 33, and the plastering head 32 is mounted at the output end of the second driving assembly 34; the second driving assembly 34 is used for driving the plastering head 32 to rotate around an axis extending along the up-and-down direction, so as to adjust the orientation of the tail end of the plastering head 32, thereby plastering different sides of the building material by the plastering head 32.

The first drive mechanism 40 and the second drive mechanism 50 work together to achieve multi-sided plastering of the building material. Can improve the labor efficiency and the mortar coating quality. In addition, the second driving mechanism 50 drives the placing table 20 to move up and down to move the building material relative to the tail end of the plastering head 32, so that the plastering mechanism 30 for plastering is simple in movement relation, and the plastering efficiency and quality can be improved. In addition, when the building material is placed on the placing table 20, the plastering mechanism 30 does not need to be moved up and down, and the efficiency of placing the building material is improved.

In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the first driving mechanism 40 includes a first motor 41, a first belt transmission assembly 42 and a screw rod 43, the first motor 41 is mounted on the base 10, a rotation axis of the first motor 41 is parallel to an axis of the screw rod 43, the first motor 41 and the screw rod 43 are in transmission connection through the first belt transmission assembly 42, the second mounting seat 31 is screwed on the screw rod 43, and the plastering head 32 is mounted on the second mounting seat 31; the plastering head 32 is mounted on the second guide rail 12 through the second mounting seat 31. The number of the first guide rails 11 is two, and the first guide rails are distributed on two radial sides of the lead screw. The first guide rail 11 is arranged to move the second mounting seat 31 along a preset path, so as to keep the moving direction of the plastering mechanism 30 constant.

In other embodiments, the first driving mechanism 40 may be a pneumatic cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder, or other forms of power structures.

In this embodiment, the axis of the screw 43 is parallel to the rotating shaft of the first motor 41, so that the size of the plastering device 100 in the left-right direction can be reduced, the structure is compact, and the passing rate of the plastering device 100 in the door opening is increased. And the belt transmission mechanism has the advantages of stable transmission, low noise and the like.

The base 10 may be made of aluminum, and has a light weight while ensuring structural strength. Of course, the base 10 may be made of steel plate.

In other embodiments, the first belt drive may be replaced by, for example, a gear drive, a chain drive, or the like.

In this embodiment, the plastering mechanism 30 further includes a drag chain 60, and the drag chain 60 is used for accommodating the electric wires of each electric structure. The base 10 is provided with a chain groove 13. One end of the drag chain 60 is connected to the second mounting seat 31, and the other end is movably disposed in the chain groove 13, and when the second mounting seat 31 is oriented in the left-right direction, the end of the drag chain 60 located in the chain groove 13 can move in the chain groove 13, and the moving direction of the end of the drag chain 60 located in the chain groove 13 is opposite to the moving direction of the second mounting seat 31.

As shown in fig. 3, the second driving mechanism 50 includes a second motor 51 and a second belt transmission assembly 52, the second motor 51 is mounted on the base 10, the second motor 51 drives the second belt transmission assembly 52 to move, and the placing table 20 is fixed on a timing belt 523 of the second belt transmission assembly 52 and can be driven by the timing belt 523 to move in the up-and-down direction relative to the first guide rail 11. The second motor 51 is in transmission connection with the placing table 20 through the second belt transmission assembly 52, so that transmission is more stable, and meanwhile, the belt transmission mechanism has the characteristic of low noise. The first guide rail 11 is provided so that the movement of the placing table 20 moves along a preset path, keeping the moving direction of the placing table 20 constant.

The second belt drive assembly 52 includes a drive pulley 521, a driven pulley 522, and a timing belt 523. The second motor 51 is mounted on the base 10, the driving wheel 521 is mounted on the output end of the second motor 51, the driven wheel 522 is arranged at an interval with the driving wheel 521 in the up-down direction, the driving wheel 521 is located above the driven wheel 522, and the driven wheel 522 is mounted on the base 10. The timing belt 523 is wound around the driving pulley 521 and the driven pulley 522. The placing table 20 is fixed on the timing belt 523, and the second motor 51 rotates to drive the driving wheel 521, the timing belt 523 and the driven wheel 522 to move, so that the timing belt 523 drives the placing table 20 to move in the up-down direction.

A bearing is arranged between the driven wheel 522 and the base 10, the bearing rotates along with the driven wheel 522, and meanwhile, a jacking block is arranged on the base 10 and can tension the lifting belt.

In order to avoid runaway driving of the second drive mechanism 50 in the up-down direction. In this embodiment, the plastering device 100 further comprises an upper limiting member 14 and a lower limiting member 15, and the upper limiting member 14 and the lower limiting member 15 are arranged at intervals in the vertical direction. The upper restraint 14 is located above the lower restraint. The upper stopper 14 is located at a limit position where the placing table 20 moves upward, and the lower stopper 15 is located at a limit position where the placing table 20 moves downward. The upper limiting piece 14 and the lower limiting piece 15 form upper and lower hard limiting on the second driving mechanism 50, and the second driving mechanism 50 is prevented from being out of control and exceeding the limiting.

As shown in fig. 4 and 5, in the present embodiment, the plastering mechanism 30 includes a first driving assembly 33 and a plastering head 32, wherein the first driving assembly 33 is mounted at the output end of the first driving mechanism 40; the first driving assembly 33 is used for driving the plastering head 32 to rotate around the reserved axis A0, so that the plastering head 32 swings in the left-right direction.

The tail end of the plastering head 32 is provided with scraping teeth 321. First drive assembly 33 drive plastering head 32 rotates around predetermineeing axis A0, can make the adjustment of scraping tooth 321 of plastering head 32 to suitable angle to carrying out the plastering to guarantee out that the thick liquid is smooth and easy and the plastering quality, and guarantee the effect that flattens of plastering.

Further, the plastering head 32 further comprises a second driving assembly 34, the second driving assembly 34 is mounted at the output end of the first driving assembly 33, and the plastering head 32 is mounted at the output end of the second driving assembly 34; the second driving assembly 34 is used for driving the plastering head 32 to rotate around an axis extending in the up-down direction, so as to adjust the orientation of the tail end of the plastering head 32, thereby plastering different sides of the building material by the plastering head 32. Under the drive of the second drive assembly 34, the plastering head 32 can be reversed, so that the plastering surface of the plastering head 32 is faced to different sides of the building material, and plastering to different sides is realized.

In order to facilitate the installation of the components of the plastering mechanism 30, the plastering mechanism 30 further comprises a third installation seat 35, a first gear 36 and a second gear 37; the third mounting seat 35 is mounted at the output end of the first driving assembly 33, the second driving assembly 34 is mounted at the third mounting seat 35, the first gear 36 is mounted at the output end of the second driving assembly 34, the second gear 37 is rotatably mounted at the third mounting seat 35, the plastering head 32 is fixedly mounted at the second gear 37, and the first gear 36 is meshed with the second gear 37. The second driving assembly 34 is in transmission connection with the plastering head 32 through a gear transmission mechanism, so that the power transmission is smooth, and the rotating speed of the second driving assembly 34 transmitted to the plastering head 32 can be changed.

In this embodiment, the diameter of the first gear 36 is smaller than that of the second gear 37, the second gear 37 is rotatably connected with the third mounting seat 35 through the plastering bearing 38, and the second driving assembly 34 can rotate to drive the first gear 36 and the second gear 37 to rotate, so as to drive the plastering head 32 and the scraping teeth 321 to rotate, so that the scraping teeth 321 face towards different directions, thereby realizing plastering on different sides of the building material.

In the present embodiment, the first driving assembly 33 and the second driving assembly 34 are both servo motors.

In order to realize continuous slurry supply in the slurry coating process, the slurry coating device 100 further comprises a slurry supply mechanism for supplying slurry to the slurry coating head 32.

The plastering device 100 further comprises a valve 70, wherein the valve 70 controls the opening and closing of the grout conveying channel between the grout supplying mechanism and the plastering head 32 so as to realize the connection or disconnection between the plastering head 32 and the grout supplying mechanism. After the surface mortar of the building material is coated, the valve 70 is closed in time to prevent the mortar from overflowing. The valve 70 may be an electrically operated ball valve.

Further, as shown in fig. 6, the plastering device 100 further comprises a positioning mechanism 80, wherein the positioning mechanism 80 is mounted on the bearing table 22 of the placing table 20; the positioning mechanism 80 comprises a first clamping portion 81, a second clamping portion 82 and a third driving assembly 83, wherein the third driving assembly 83 is used for driving the first clamping portion 81 and the second clamping portion 82 to move close to or away from each other so as to clamp or release the body to be plastered. The positioning mechanism 80 keeps the slurry to be ground stable in the plastering process, and prevents the building material from moving due to the friction between the slurry and the building material.

The plastering head 32 defines a central plane which is coincident with the central plane of the bearing table 22 and is parallel to a direction line of the left-right direction, and the central plane of the plastering head 32 and the central plane of the bearing table 22 are both vertical to the moving direction of the first clamping part 81 and the second clamping part 82.

The base 10 is provided with a third rail 16, and the first clamping portion 81 and the second clamping portion 82 are slidably provided on the third rail 16 of the placement stage 20. The third rail 16 is provided to keep the movement locus of the first clamp 81 and the second clamp constant.

In order to ensure that the first and

second clamping portions

81 and 82 can be moved closer to or farther away in synchronism. The positioning mechanism 80 further comprises a transmission structure, and the third driving assembly 83 drives the first clamping portion 81 and the second clamping portion 82 to move close to or away from each other through the transmission structure; the transmission structure includes a first rack portion 811 provided on the first clamping portion 81, a second rack portion 821 provided on the second clamping portion 82, and a third gear 831 connected to an output end of the third driving assembly 83, and the first rack portion 811 and the second rack portion 821 are engaged with the third gear 831 at both sides of the third gear 831 in a radial direction. The third driving assembly 83 is a servo motor.

An in-position sensor 90 is mounted on the placing table 20, and the in-position sensor 90 is used to detect whether or not the construction material is placed on the bearing table 22 of the placing table 20. If no building material in-place signal is detected, the next action is not performed.

After the building material is placed on the positioning mechanism 80, the in-place sensor 90 senses the building material, the third driving assembly 83 starts to work, the driving transmission structure moves, the third gear 831 rotates, the first rack portion 811 and the second rack portion 821 linearly move, and the first rack portion 811 and the second rack portion 821 are provided with threaded holes and pin holes which are respectively connected with the first clamping portion 81 and the second clamping portion 82. The third drive assembly 83 is actuated so that the first and second

gripping portions

81 and 82 move simultaneously towards and away from each other along the third guide rail 16 to effect clamping or release of the brick.

In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 7 to 11, the rotation range of the plastering head 32 around the predetermined axis includes a first position A1, and the end of the plastering head 32 at the first position A1 is located on the displacement path of one side of the construction material 200 in the up-down direction for plastering on the side of the construction material 200. While fig. 7-11 show a first side 210 and a second side 220, in other embodiments, the construction material 200 may have other sides, with the sides of the construction material 200 being connected in series along the circumference thereof.

The range of the placing platform 20 which is lifted along the up-down direction comprises a second position A2, the upper surface 230 of the building material 200 which is positioned at the second position A2 is positioned on the displacement path of the tail end of the plastering head 32 along the left-right direction and is used for plastering the upper surface 230 of the building material 200; the up-down direction, the left-right direction and the direction of the preset axis A0 are vertical to each other.

Further, as shown in fig. 10 and 11, the rotation range of the plastering head 32 of the plastering mechanism 30 along the preset axis A0 further includes a third position A3, the plastering head 32 at the first position A1 can swing to the third position A3 around the preset axis A0 in a direction away from the building material 200 (rotate leftward in fig. 10), and the end of the plastering head 32 at the third position A3 is displaced in the left-right direction and touches and plasters the upper surface 230 of the building material 200 at the second position A2. The plastering head 32 can rotate to a third position A3 about a predetermined axis A0 to facilitate plastering the upper surface 230 of the construction material 200.

Because the plastering mechanism 30 comprises the grout conveying channel and the valve 70 arranged on the grout conveying channel, the grout conveying channel conveys the grout to the plastering head, the valve 70 is used for controlling the opening and closing of the grout conveying channel, and when the plastering head 32 rotates from the first position A1 to the third position A3, the valve 70 closes the grout conveying channel, so that the waste of the grout can be avoided.

Further, the path between the first position A1 and the third position A3 of the plastering head 32 includes a fifth position A5, the plastering head 32 at the first position A1 rotates around the preset axis A0 to the fifth position A5 in the direction approaching to the building material 200 (rotates to the right in fig. 10), and the plastering head 32 at the fifth position A5 rotates around the preset axis A0 to the third position A3 in the direction away from the building material 200; the "the end of the plastering head 32 is plastered on the partial area of the upper surface 230 of the building material 200 located at the second position A2, which is adjacent to the plastering head 32" means that the partial area of the upper surface 230 of the building material 200, which is stroked by the end of the plastering head 32, corresponds to the partial area of the upper surface 230 of the building material 200, which is stroked by the end of the plastering head 32, during the rotation of the plastering head 32 from the first position A1 to the fifth position A5, in the process of rotating the plastering head 32 from the first position A1 to the fifth position A5.

In the process that the plastering head 32 rotates from the first position A1 to the fifth position A5, the valve 70 closes the grout conveying passage, and the grout applied to the upper surface 230 of the building material 200 at the end of the plastering head 32 is the remainder in the plastering head 32. In the process that the plastering head 32 rotates from the first position A1 to the fifth position A5, the residual material remained in the plastering head 32 after the valve 70 is closed can be smeared on the upper surface 230 of the building material 200, the mortar is fully utilized, and the waste of the mortar is avoided.

As shown in fig. 7, 8 and 9, the range in which the placement platform 20 is lifted up and down includes a fourth position A4, the fourth position A4 is located above the second position A2, and the placement platform 20 is located at the fourth position A4 for carrying the construction material 200 transported from the outside; in the process that the placing table 20 drives the building material to move downwards from the fourth position A4 to the second position A2 along the up-down direction, the tail end of the plastering head 32 at the first position A1 contacts with the side surface of the building material 200 and plasters the building material. After the building material 200 is loaded on the bearing table 22 of the placing table 20 at the fourth position A4, the building material 200 can be plastered on the side surface (the first side surface 210 or the second side surface 220) of the building material 200 by moving the plastering head 32 at the first position A1 downwards from the fourth position A4 to the second position A2, the process is continuous, the plastering is convenient, and the plastering efficiency is improved.

The plastering head 32 itself defines a direction line whose central plane coincides with the central plane of the carrier 22 and is parallel to the left-right direction. The troweling head 32 itself defines a center plane that coincides with the center plane of the carrier 22 so that the slurry applied by the troweling head 32 on the upper surface matches the upper surface 230 of the construction material 200 and can be distributed evenly.

In this embodiment, the construction material 200 is exemplified by a brick, and the structure and the operation of the plastering device 100 will be described. In other embodiments, the construction material 200 may be other items as well.

When a brick is placed on the bearing table 22 of the placing table 20, the first driving mechanism 40 drives the plastering mechanism 30 to plaster the upper surface 230 of the brick in the left-right direction. The height position of the plastering mechanism 30 is not changed, and the placing table 20 is driven to move in the up-down direction by the second driving mechanism 50, so that the plastering mechanism 30 plasters the first side surface 210 and the second side surface 220 of the brick in the left-right direction in the up-down direction.

The working principle of the plastering apparatus 100 will be further described below by plastering the first side 210, the second side 220 and the upper surface 230 of the brick.

As shown in fig. 12, a first side 210 of the block in a second horizontal orientation is to be plastered. The first driving mechanism 40 drives the plastering mechanism 30 to move to the upper end position of the first side surface 210, and the first driving assembly 33 rotates to drive the plastering head 32 and the scraping teeth 321 to form an included angle of 20 degrees with the side surface of the brick. The second driving mechanism 50 moves in the up-and-down direction to perform the plastering operation on the first side surface 210.

As shown in fig. 13, the upper surface 230 of the block is to be grouted. When the upper surface 230 is plastered, the first driving mechanism 40 drives the plastering mechanism 30 to move to one end of the upper surface 230 in the left-right direction. The first driving component 33 works to drive the plastering head 32 and the scraping teeth 321 to form an included angle of 20 degrees with the upper surface 230 of the brick, and the first driving mechanism 40 works to drive the plastering mechanism 30 to move along the transverse direction to finish plastering the upper surface 230.

As shown in fig. 14, a second side 220 of the block in the left-right direction is to be plastered. The second driving assembly 34 works and rotates 180 degrees, so that the plastering head 32 and the scraping teeth 321 rotate 180 degrees, at the moment, the scraping teeth 321 are arranged on the left side of the plastering head 32, the first driving assembly 33 works to drive the plastering head 32 and the scraping teeth 321 to form an included angle of 20 degrees with the second side face 220 of the brick, and the second driving mechanism 50 works to drive the brick to move along the vertical direction mark to finish plastering of the second side face 220.

The embodiment of the application also provides a plastering method, which comprises the following steps: setting the plastering head 32 at the first position A1, and plastering one side (e.g., the first side 210) of the construction material 200 by moving the placing table 20 on which the construction material 200 is placed in the up-down direction; with the placing table at the second position A2, plastering to the upper surface 230 of the construction material 200 is achieved by moving the plastering head 32 in the left-right direction.

When the plastering head 32 is located at the first position A1, the plastering head 32 plasters the side surface (e.g., the first side surface 210) of the construction material 200 while the placing table 20 moves (from top to bottom) from the fourth position A4 to the second position A2.

When the placing table 20 is located at the second position A2, the plastering head 32 rotates around the preset axis A0 and rotates from the first position A1 to the fifth position A5, and in the process of rotating from the first position A1 to the fifth position A5, the valve 70 closes the grout conveying passage, and the residual material in the plastering head 32 is plastered on a partial area of the upper surface. The plastering head 32 rotates around the preset axis A0, rotates from the fifth position A5 to the third position A3, and when the plastering head is located at the third position A3, the plastering head 32 moves in the left-right direction to plaster the upper surface 230 of the building material 200.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A plastering apparatus for plastering a construction material, the surface of the construction material including an upper surface, a lower surface and a plurality of side surfaces, comprising:

a base including a first guide rail extending in an up-down direction and a second guide rail extending in a left-right direction;

the placing table comprises a first mounting seat and a bearing table fixed on the first mounting seat, the first mounting seat is movably mounted on the first guide rail and can reciprocate up and down relative to the first guide rail, and the bearing table is used for bearing the building materials;

the plastering mechanism comprises a second mounting seat and a plastering head connected to the second mounting seat, the plastering head is mounted on the second mounting seat in a left-right swinging mode along a preset axis, the second mounting seat drives the plastering head to be arranged on the second guide rail in a left-right direction in a relatively movable mode, and the tail end of the plastering head is used for touching and plastering the surface of the building material;

the range of the plastering head rotating around the preset axis comprises a first position, and the tail end of the plastering head at the first position is positioned on a displacement path of one side surface of the building material along the up-down direction and is used for plastering the side surface of the building material;

the lifting range of the placing table along the up-down direction comprises a second position, the upper surface of the building material at the second position is positioned on the displacement path of the tail end of the plastering head along the left-right direction and is used for plastering the upper surface of the building material;

the up-down direction, the left-right direction and the direction of the preset axis are vertical to each other.

2. The plastering device of claim 1, wherein the range of the plastering head of the plastering mechanism rotating along the preset axis further comprises a third position, the plastering head in the first position can swing around the preset axis in a direction away from the building material to the third position, and the end of the plastering head in the third position is displaced in the left-right direction and touches and plasters the upper surface of the building material in the second position.

3. The grouting device of claim 2, wherein the grouting mechanism comprises a slurry conveying channel and a valve arranged in the slurry conveying channel, the slurry conveying channel conveys slurry to the grouting head, the valve is used for controlling the opening and closing of the slurry conveying channel, and the valve closes the slurry conveying channel during the rotation of the grouting head from the first position to the third position.

4. The plastering device of claim 3, wherein the path between the first position and the third position of the plastering head comprises a fifth position, the plastering head in the first position rotates around the preset axis to the fifth position in a direction close to the building material, and the plastering head in the fifth position rotates around the preset axis to the third position in a direction far away from the building material;

and in the process that the plastering head rotates from the first position to the fifth position, the tail end of the plastering head is plastered in a partial area, close to the plastering head, of the upper surface of the building material at the second position.

5. The grouting device of claim 4, wherein during the rotation of the grouting head from the first position to the fifth position, the valve closes the slurry conveying channel, and the slurry grouted on the upper surface of the building material at the tail end of the grouting head is residual slurry in the grouting head.

6. The plastering device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the range of the vertical movement of the placing table includes a fourth position, the fourth position is above the second position, and the placing table is used for carrying the construction material transferred from the outside when located at the fourth position;

and in the process that the placing table drives the building material to downwards move to the second position from the fourth position along the up-down direction, the tail end of the plastering head at the first position is in contact with the side surface of the building material and plasters the building material.

7. The plastering device of claim 1, wherein the plastering head defines a central plane which is coincident with the central plane of the bearing platform and is parallel to the direction line of the left-right direction.

8. The plastering device of claim 1, wherein the plastering device further comprises a first driving mechanism for driving the second mounting seat to move along the left-right direction;

the plastering mechanism also comprises a first driving assembly, and the first driving assembly is arranged at the output end of the first driving mechanism;

the first driving assembly is used for driving the plastering head to rotate around the preset axis, so that the plastering head swings in the left-right direction.

9. The plastering device of claim 8, wherein the plastering mechanism further comprises a second driving assembly, the second driving assembly is mounted at the output end of the first driving assembly, and the plastering head is mounted at the output end of the second driving assembly;

the second driving assembly is used for driving the plastering head to rotate around an axis extending along the vertical direction so as to adjust the orientation of the tail end of the plastering head, and thus the plastering head can plaster different sides of the building material respectively.

10. The plastering device of claim 9, wherein the plastering mechanism further comprises a third mounting seat, a first gear and a second gear;

the third mounting seat is mounted at the output end of the first driving assembly, the second driving assembly is mounted on the third mounting seat, the first gear is mounted at the output end of the second driving assembly, the second gear is rotatably mounted on the third mounting seat, the plastering head is fixedly mounted on the second gear, and the first gear is meshed with the second gear.

11. The plastering device of claim 8, wherein the first driving mechanism comprises a first motor, a first belt transmission assembly and a screw rod, the first motor is mounted on the base, the rotation axis of the first motor is parallel to the axis of the screw rod, the first motor and the screw rod are in transmission connection through the first belt transmission assembly, the second mounting seat is in threaded connection with the screw rod, and the plastering head is mounted on the second guide rail through the second mounting seat.

12. The plastering device of claim 1, wherein the plastering device further comprises a second driving mechanism for driving the placing table to move in the up-down direction;

the second driving mechanism comprises a second motor and a second belt transmission assembly, the second motor is mounted on the base and drives the second belt transmission assembly to move, and the placing table is fixed on a synchronous belt of the second belt transmission assembly and can move up and down relative to the first guide rail under the driving of the synchronous belt.

13. The plastering device of claim 1, further comprising a positioning mechanism mounted to the placing table;

the positioning mechanism comprises a first clamping part, a second clamping part and a third driving assembly, and the first clamping part and the second clamping part are slidably arranged on the placing table;

the third driving assembly is used for driving the first clamping part and the second clamping part to move close to or away from each other so as to clamp or release the building material.

14. The plastering device of claim 13, wherein the positioning mechanism further comprises a transmission structure, and the third driving assembly drives the first clamping part and the second clamping part to approach or move away from each other through the transmission structure;

the transmission structure comprises a first rack portion arranged on the first clamping portion, a second rack portion arranged on the second clamping portion and a third gear connected to the output end of the third driving assembly, and the first rack portion and the second rack portion are respectively meshed with the third gear on two radial sides of the third gear.

15. The plastering device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the plastering device comprises an upper stopper and a lower stopper which are arranged at an interval in the up-down direction on the base, and the placing table is moved between the upper stopper and the lower stopper.

16. The plastering device of claim 1, further comprising an in-position sensor for detecting whether the building material is placed on the bearing platform of the placing platform.

17. A method of plastering, comprising:

the plastering head is positioned at a first position, and a placing table on which building materials are placed is moved up and down to realize plastering on one side surface of the building materials;

and enabling the placing table to be located at a second position, and moving the plastering head along the left and right directions to plaster the upper surface of the building material.