CN1152332A - Method for making solid fuel from waste - Google Patents
Method for making solid fuel from waste Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1152332A CN1152332A CN94195133A CN94195133A CN1152332A CN 1152332 A CN1152332 A CN 1152332A CN 94195133 A CN94195133 A CN 94195133A CN 94195133 A CN94195133 A CN 94195133A CN 1152332 A CN1152332 A CN 1152332A
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- Prior art keywords
- waste material
- plastics
- waste
- product
- refuse
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/52—Mechanical processing of waste for the recovery of materials, e.g. crushing, shredding, separation or disassembly
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/62—Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/84—Recycling of batteries or fuel cells
Abstract
Refuse is first fed into a shredder before being processed in a device to remove virtually all the batteries from the refuse so that the raw materials of the batteries can be recovered. The refuse is then fed into a mill once ferrous metals have been removed using a magnetic sorting device, whereafter it is sorted by particle size and density plastics are removed, quick lime is added in a mixer, and the refuse is pressure granulated and heat treated. The resulting fuel is biologically stable and has an adjustable calorific value that may be kept constant even when the composition of the waste feedstock varies.
Description
The present invention relates to make the method for the anticorrosion fuel of solid by waste materials such as municipal wastess, according to this method, at least a portion waste material separates and forms uniform material, described material and unslaked lime or contain into free state or the material of the calcium oxide of chemically bound form at least a mineral substance selected mix, and the mixture that so obtains compacting under pressure, and the mixture heating up of the compacting that final operation is obtained is to certain temperature, keep certain hour, enough make the reaction of described mineral and waste material and the humidity of waste material is dropped to preset value.
Existing people proposes to make the solid-state stable method that reaches special rot-resistant fuel by waste material, comprise pulverizing in advance, and remove non-flammable and/or reusable material to small part, as the waste material and the unslaked lime of metal etc. or contain free state or the substance reaction of the calcium oxide of chemically bound form, this reaction is to carry out with unslaked lime or before and after containing the compacting of waste material of the pulverizing that the material of calcium oxide combines closely.
These class methods are existing explanation in German patent application DE-A-3226798 and International Patent Application WO-A-84/00976.
On the other hand, Swedish patent 665785 discloses a kind of method that waste material is transformed into insoluble solid, inert material in water, wherein waste material carries out coarse reduction before and after the ferrous metals thing is removed in magnetic separation, subsequent drying, then carry out secondary and pulverize, be ground into fine powder, add unslaked lime again, final mixture is granulated to obtain little cylindrical particle under pressure, heat-treats between 250-300 ℃ subsequently.
US4898615 discloses a kind of method of making cement, wherein, as additional solid fuel in the stoving oven, dispose the product that the mixture that grinds waste material of metal ingredient obtains 130-230 ℃ of following thermal treatment, mix with calcium oxide or the material that contains calcium oxide, mixture also can comprise other additive, particularly clay and binding agent and mobile conditioning agent, and before thermal treatment corning.
The purpose of these methods is to avoid for example waste material being placed on toppling over the known disadvantage that the place reaches the classical way that burns at incinerator, and solves the problem of perishable waste materials such as eliminating heterogeneous solid, particularly household garbage.
But these currently known methodss can not carry out the large-scale application of industry under the economic return condition, and can not make the product that obtains that sufficiently stable quality is arranged.
Concrete purpose of the present invention is to use the method that can carry out the processing waste material of big processing capacity to a locking equipment with technical scale, the service life of a machine of use be can improve and maintenance cost and energy consumption reduced, in household waste materials or have on the basis of scrap of similar other waste material of physical and chemical composition and so on, these waste materials be heterogeneous body and transformable composition arranged, special source and season according to waste material, on this basis, make solid-state, uniformly, biochemical stable, be easy to the fuel that stores and transport, this fuel has calorific value stable especially composition in very narrow pre-determined range.
In order to realize above-mentioned purpose of the present invention, the invention provides a kind of method of making the anticorrosion fuel of solid by waste materials such as municipal wastess, according to this method, at least a portion waste material separates and forms uniform material, described material and unslaked lime or contain into free state or the material of the calcium oxide of chemically bound form at least a mineral substance selected mix, and the mixture that so obtains compacting under pressure, and the mixture heating up of the compacting that final operation is obtained is to certain temperature, keep certain hour, enough make the reaction of described mineral and waste material and the temperature of waste material is dropped to preset value, it is characterized in that the operation that waste material is become separate stage carries out at least in two steps that are right after, first step comprises chopping, comprise pulverizing and before described pulverising step, carry out at least one and remove the step of battery and the step that at least one removes ferrous metals at least one step after the chopping.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the product that is obtained by described pulverizing is carried out at least one operation steps so that remove glass, pottery and the non-ferrous metal particle that may be included in the product.
Best described operation steps comprises optical density(OD) classification.
According to a most preferred embodiment, the product of described pulverizing is removed the step of at least a portion plastics before removing glass, pottery and non-ferrous metal particle operation steps.
Best, then a part of plastics of telling that control is arranged are turned back in the waste material to regulate the content of plastics in the material again after the described step of removing plastics.
The present invention can make full use of the value of waste material and use its composition.Especially, separate mentioned component and can carry out from standard by high score, it has the quite high rate of recovery up to 98-99%.Reclaiming under subsidiary factory's inefficacy situation of inert product, the disintegrate-quality that obtains allows with regard to later recovery and/or utilization, visibly different, homogeneous and isolated material through differentiating and/material stores.In addition, also must be noted that to separate and may not request manual the intervention to carry out automatically with machinery fully, is very favourable aspect from the angle of economy and the angle of worker health therefore.
The present invention also comprises an important ecological aspect, and especially with regard to the percentage of pollutent total amount speech when, battery is a pollutant component main in the household garbage.
The calorific value of the fuel product that adds the plastics permission corresponding chemical ingredients of control with isolating and control again and obtain.If because plastics have high-energy and its composition certain moment in combustion processes to concentrate then can have problems.
By not being the restriction detailed description with reference to accompanying drawing of the present invention, can more be expressly understood the present invention, in the accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 is the skeleton diagram that illustrates according to the specified phase of an embodiment of method of the present invention.
Example according to Fig. 1, for example the rubbish of being collected by the municipal garbage tip-car is discharged in one or several charging hopper (not shown), and deliver in the knife mill 1, these rubbish carried out classification in advance so that remove the article that can use and reclaim again, and the article or the article part of suitable size for example arranged.Knife mill is any suitable type, particularly known type, allows to open the plastics bag of filling rubbish especially, with reduce in the rubbish the bulk part and can broken fabric and plastic plate.It is littler than the energy that the pulverizer or the shredder of the former usefulness of prior art needs to note that certain material block is played mechanical energy that this knife mill effect requires.
After chopping, scrap heap carries out removing the operation steps of battery in tripping device 2, and this tripping device 2 is any adequate types also, for example comprises the device of the device of surveying residual current.
Therefore, all batteries can be removed from scrap heap and deliver to and reclaim factory, and all the other rubbish have partly been delivered to the tripping device of a mobile ferrous metals, for example a concentration equipment.
Subsequently, the rubbish part is pulverized in masher 4 and is ground.Best,, as masher the granulated garbage size is reduced to less than 25-35mm with a beater grinder that rotates.
Should note at first replacing original considerable advantage that grinds or pulverized with chopping.Especially, to certain comprehensive output, reduce widely by the overall energy expenditure of the masher in knife mill and downstream thereof and considerably increase the capacity of the equipment of certain mechanical output.
In addition, the systematicness of the granularity of the material granule that comes out from masher is quite improved, and increases the interval between masher life-span and the necessary maintenance work simultaneously.
On the other hand, the mode that replaces elementary masher directly to reclaim with knife mill reclaims metal subsequently.
That should notice also before grinding that chopping and separating ferrum Base Metal allow to avoid prior art elementaryly grinds the possible danger that is comprised, the mechanical breaking of the outstanding and masher element of the hard material piece of sizable size for example, and the danger that increases blast and catch fire when grinding non-classified household garbage.
The most handy at least two masher alternations stop treatment scheme when avoiding maintenance and changing consumable part.
After passing through grinding mechanism 4, rubbish is delivered to sorter 5 and is carried out size classes, and this sorter is any suitable type.This device is the particle separated into two parts, and just a part is greater than predetermined size (for example 25mm), turn back to knife mill 1 again before (maybe can turn back to masher 4, or preceding) at tripping device 2,3, another part is delivered to sorter 6 less than predetermined size.This sorter 6 can be a photometry density devices, its separable inertia dissimilar materials piece that goes out glass, ceramic particle and other characteristic, and also comprise vortex device, it can separate metal and non-ferrous metal material with other ground rubbish thing.Isolating by this way glass, pottery and the heterogeneous material of inertia also can be collected and be reclaimed.
Subsequently, in device 7, plastics and other refuse material are separated, and deliver to a collection box 8.Sorter 7 can be any suitable type, and is advantageously selected to the plastics gross weight that is contained in the rubbish material is for example isolated in permission by means of the antistatic property of plastics 80% (weight).
The all or part of flow rate that can be scheduled to of the plastic material of collecting in collection box 8 or the amount of qualification are returned in the rubbish material of the line downstream of sorter 7 again, and the rest part of these plastics can propose device and reclaims.
Therefore, obtained disposing the almost whole rubbish material of metals and glass and pottery and other inert substance that comprises in the rubbish material of beginning.
Amount of plastic in the rubbish material is adjusted to a permanent setting valve makes the characteristic of rubbish material that important change be arranged, and these characteristics need obtaining final fuel product.Particularly, this adjustment can make the chemical ingredients and the calorific value optimizing and controlled of product.
Afterwards, with the calcium oxide of certain amount of calcined lime form or contain the material of calcium oxide or comprise free state or the mixture of the multiple material of the calcium oxide of compound form is added in the rubbish material.
For this reason, now, in mixing device 10, take a sample to the rubbish material and from the intimate mixture of the substance in the feed tank 9.
The ratio of the unslaked lime in the rubbish weight adding rubbish material advantageously is 3-10% (weight) relatively, preferably 4-5% (weight).
Add CaO, it closely mixes with the whole combustion parts of rubbish material makes the latter biochemical stable, and this storage characteristics to the product that obtains is very important, has also improved inflammableness when burning and has made the reaction optimizing of product, thereby made the cigarette purifying of generation.
Except unslaked lime or contain other one or more materials of calcium oxide, also have other material can be added in the rubbish, particularly can add one or more mineral or organism, for the granulating of rubbish and calcium oxide mixture subsequently as binding agent.As additional mineral, the wilkinite of available for example clay material such as calcic or sodium.As organic binder bond, available for example cellulosic material such as methylcellulose gum and carboxymethyl cellulose, or other distillation starch are as tapioca (flour).Similarly, can also be with other suitable binding agent, particularly synthetic resins, as Precondensed UreaFormaldehyde Resin, melamine urea formaldehyde or resol, polyvinyl alcohol perhaps adds potassium silicate or water glass again.
Afterwards, to rubbish, calcium oxide (or mineral of calcium oxide) and may at least a binding agent and/or the substance mixture of at least a above-mentioned additive carry out compression process, for example processing in granulation device 11, to form the particle of these mixtures, for example can be that length is that 5-20mm length and diameter are the right cylinder of 3-15mm.Best,, can under the pressure between the 150-900bar, granulate as granulation device with a kind of industrial nodulizer.With the press of other type, goods can be made the agglomerate of suitable dimension.
In addition, above-mentioned mixing and granulation step can be combined into one step, and it carries out in the appropriate device that the effect of a handle assembly 10,11 combines.
After granulation, material is heat-treated in process furnace 12.Best, this device comprises that one rotates sintering oven, and its axis and sea line tilt crossing a little, and burner is housed, and its flame is directed to the material of heat-treating on the edge axle of the stove of mobile direction forward or backwards.
This processing was preferably in time of about 15-45 minute to be carried out, and by this way, the temperature of product of leaving stove is between 100-150 ℃.Treatment temp must quite be hanged down to avoid component of refuse to catch fire.
The product of Chu Liing is the fuel of bio-stable like this, especially can be anticorrosion when not being subjected to the weather effect sealed storage.Therefore can not preserve and transportation with destroying, particularly can not emit gaseous matter and have virtually no smell.
According to the operational condition of certain average beginning composition of waste material, the calorific value that this mode obtains (or caloric value) is stable substantially, and can regulate in the 3000-4000Kcal/kg scope.
Leave thermal treatment unit, this product can use or store and transport to the field of employment as solid fuel, for example the stove in cement mill or the heat power factory of one segment distance is arranged with fuel making factory.
The original stock that should note this fuel product burning ash that obtains and the material (unslaked lime and clay) of making cement material mixes fully, and does not change the grog that finally obtains significantly.Therefore, use this product as the very interesting open purposes of potential of this product of fuel mix of cement mill stove.On the other hand, at product during as the fuel of the factory (as heat power factory) of other type, by ash being incorporated into make cement clinker former can remove dedust in expecting fully and without any the danger of polluting, or be added in the composition as the cement part of products such as brick as binding agent.
Within the scope of the present invention can be to the details remodeling of aforesaid method.
Particularly these remodeling can constitute some operation steps out of order and replace some step.
For example, the step 3 of the step 2 of split cell and separation of iron Base Metal can be reversed and this two step (or one of them step) can be carried out before chopping step 1.
Grind step and can be divided into several steps and carry out, each step is compared the size that has reduced piece or material granule with the step that grinds of front.
The optical density(OD) sort operation can not carry out before the step 7 of separating plastic, and can carry out thereafter.
It is optionally to operate that the partly plastic that collection box 8 is collected turns back in the rubbish material again, also can be simply regulates the content of the plastics in the rubbish material before plastics are turned back to holding furnace 10 by the operational condition of the step 7 of separating plastic is carried out work.
About the character of the waste material handled, can be with also available other the solid waste that comparable performance is arranged of household garbage not only, for example agricultural waste, forestry or gardens waste material, some industrial waste, manual product, as the waste material in paperboard mill or paper mill, and the waste material of leather industry etc.
In all these were used, the present invention allowed the most advantageously to reclaim and utilize inert region and incendivity part under the economic return condition.
Fuel by the inventive method obtains burns the not too complicated not device that makes full use of the energy of hell to pay that reaches of non-classified municipal waste requirement than industrial country.Cause resistates from solid-fuelled burning, its composition can be fully used, and the amount of its minimizing causes reducing possible final storage cost and simplified corresponding technology.Therefore, the present invention also provides for problematic and expensive elimination by the ash that burns non-classified municipal waste generation and the replacement scheme of other resistates.
Claims (5)
1. method of making the anticorrosion fuel of solid by waste materials such as municipal wastess, according to this method, at least a portion waste material separates and forms uniform material, described material and unslaked lime or contain into free state or the material of the calcium oxide of chemically bound form at least a mineral substance selected mix, and the mixture that so obtains compacting under pressure, and the mixture heating up of the compacting that final operation is obtained is to certain temperature, keep certain hour, enough make the reaction of described mineral and waste material and the temperature of waste material is dropped to preset value, it is characterized in that the operation that waste material is become separate stage carries out at least in two steps that are right after, first step comprises chopping, comprise pulverizing and before described pulverising step, carry out at least one and remove the step of battery and the step that at least one removes ferrous metals at least one step after the chopping.
2. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that the product that is obtained by described pulverizing is carried out at least one operation steps so that remove glass, pottery and the non-ferrous metal particle that may be included in the product.
3. according to the method for claim 2, it is characterized in that described operation steps comprises optical density(OD) classification.
4. according to each method among the claim 1-3, it is characterized in that the product of described pulverizing removes the step of at least a portion plastics before removing glass, pottery and non-ferrous metal particle operation steps.
5. according to the method for claim 4, it is characterized in that then a part of plastics of telling that control is arranged being turned back in the waste material to regulate the content of plastics in the material again after the described step of removing plastics.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN94195133A CN1152332A (en) | 1994-06-20 | 1994-06-20 | Method for making solid fuel from waste |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN94195133A CN1152332A (en) | 1994-06-20 | 1994-06-20 | Method for making solid fuel from waste |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1152332A true CN1152332A (en) | 1997-06-18 |
Family
ID=5039640
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN94195133A Pending CN1152332A (en) | 1994-06-20 | 1994-06-20 | Method for making solid fuel from waste |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1152332A (en) |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100534650C (en) * | 2006-10-30 | 2009-09-02 | 四川雷鸣生物环保工程有限公司 | Method for one step preparing biomass fuel raw material, biological haydite raw material and active carbon raw material using high wet mixed city garbage as raw material |
| CN101530857A (en) * | 2009-03-12 | 2009-09-16 | 陈献清 | Processing method for turning household garbage into energy |
| CN1968765B (en) * | 2004-06-17 | 2011-05-25 | 索瑞恩切克尼环境股份公司 | Method and system for the recycling of municipal solid wastes, and exploitation of the wasted solid recovery fuel |
| CN101070500B (en) * | 2006-12-20 | 2011-08-17 | 深圳德润环保投资有限公司 | Method for producing environment-protective garbage derivatived fuel and apparatus |
| CN101362978B (en) * | 2008-09-23 | 2011-12-07 | 深圳恒信华天环保科技有限公司 | Garbage treatment method |
| CN103450963A (en) * | 2013-08-30 | 2013-12-18 | 上海申嘉三和环保科技开发有限公司 | Preparation method of urban domestic garbage-derived fuel |
| CN110643384A (en) * | 2018-06-26 | 2020-01-03 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Synthesis and use method of coke making blended coal colloid additive |
-
1994
- 1994-06-20 CN CN94195133A patent/CN1152332A/en active Pending
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1968765B (en) * | 2004-06-17 | 2011-05-25 | 索瑞恩切克尼环境股份公司 | Method and system for the recycling of municipal solid wastes, and exploitation of the wasted solid recovery fuel |
| CN100534650C (en) * | 2006-10-30 | 2009-09-02 | 四川雷鸣生物环保工程有限公司 | Method for one step preparing biomass fuel raw material, biological haydite raw material and active carbon raw material using high wet mixed city garbage as raw material |
| CN101070500B (en) * | 2006-12-20 | 2011-08-17 | 深圳德润环保投资有限公司 | Method for producing environment-protective garbage derivatived fuel and apparatus |
| CN101362978B (en) * | 2008-09-23 | 2011-12-07 | 深圳恒信华天环保科技有限公司 | Garbage treatment method |
| CN101530857A (en) * | 2009-03-12 | 2009-09-16 | 陈献清 | Processing method for turning household garbage into energy |
| CN103450963A (en) * | 2013-08-30 | 2013-12-18 | 上海申嘉三和环保科技开发有限公司 | Preparation method of urban domestic garbage-derived fuel |
| CN110643384A (en) * | 2018-06-26 | 2020-01-03 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Synthesis and use method of coke making blended coal colloid additive |
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