CN115232656B - 一种醇基汽油燃料的制备方法 - Google Patents
一种醇基汽油燃料的制备方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN115232656B CN115232656B CN202210938714.1A CN202210938714A CN115232656B CN 115232656 B CN115232656 B CN 115232656B CN 202210938714 A CN202210938714 A CN 202210938714A CN 115232656 B CN115232656 B CN 115232656B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- methanol
- alcohol
- ethanol
- gasoline fuel
- based gasoline
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 125
- 239000003502 gasoline Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 89
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 111
- 238000006356 dehydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000002816 fuel additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- ZYBWTEQKHIADDQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethanol;methanol Chemical compound OC.CCO ZYBWTEQKHIADDQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- -1 polyol methyl ether Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000006184 cosolvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- NWGKJDSIEKMTRX-AAZCQSIUSA-N Sorbitan monooleate Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](O)[C@H]1OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1O NWGKJDSIEKMTRX-AAZCQSIUSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 235000010482 polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229920000053 polysorbate 80 Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- DURPTKYDGMDSBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-butoxybutane Chemical compound CCCCOCCCC DURPTKYDGMDSBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M Propionate Chemical compound CCC([O-])=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- TZIHFWKZFHZASV-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl formate Chemical compound COC=O TZIHFWKZFHZASV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000001132 ultrasonic dispersion Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid trimethyl ester Natural products COC(C)=O KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- WBJINCZRORDGAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N formic acid ethyl ester Natural products CCOC=O WBJINCZRORDGAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012018 catalyst precursor Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920001214 Polysorbate 60 Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- QKSIFUGZHOUETI-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper;azane Chemical compound N.N.N.N.[Cu+2] QKSIFUGZHOUETI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 28
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 7
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 6
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ether Substances CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012065 filter cake Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 3
- LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon monoxide Chemical compound [Si-]#[O+] LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000009210 therapy by ultrasound Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920000136 polysorbate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003158 alcohol group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003254 gasoline additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur monoxide Chemical class S=O XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052815 sulfur oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/02—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on components consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen only
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper
- B01J23/76—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36
- B01J23/83—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36 with rare earths or actinides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/143—Organic compounds mixtures of organic macromolecular compounds with organic non-macromolecular compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C10L1/185—Ethers; Acetals; Ketals; Aldehydes; Ketones
- C10L1/1852—Ethers; Acetals; Ketals; Orthoesters
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C10L1/19—Esters ester radical containing compounds; ester ethers; carbonic acid esters
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C10L1/192—Macromolecular compounds
- C10L1/198—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds homo- or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon to carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an acyloxy radical of a saturated carboxylic acid, of carbonic acid
- C10L1/1985—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds homo- or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon to carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an acyloxy radical of a saturated carboxylic acid, of carbonic acid polyethers, e.g. di- polygylcols and derivatives; ethers - esters
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P30/00—Technologies relating to oil refining and petrochemical industry
- Y02P30/20—Technologies relating to oil refining and petrochemical industry using bio-feedstock
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)
Abstract
本发明提供一种醇基汽油燃料的制备方法,该添加剂主要包含甲醇、乙醇、甲醇‑乙醇脱氢产物,还包含助溶剂如正丁醇、多元醇甲醚、多元醇丁醚、双多元醇甲醚、多元醇丁醚酯,以及表面活性剂如Span80、OP‑10、Tween80。甲醇‑乙醇脱氢产物是一种由甲醇、乙醇经过脱氢反应后得到的混合物。本发明制备的醇基汽油燃料添加剂是一种很有应用价值的含氧燃料,增加汽油氧含量,可以显著降低污染物排放、提高热效率。此外,本醇基汽油燃料体系所使用的助溶剂、表面活性剂及甲醇、乙醇来源广泛,具体操作过程简单,是一条绿色环保路线,相对于传统方法,其制备的醇基汽油燃料稳定性大幅提高。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及石油化工技术领域,具体涉及一种醇基汽油燃料的制备及应用。
背景技术
我国能源结构具有“富煤、贫油、少气”的特点,利用煤炭制取发动机代用燃料已经成为解决我国能源问题的重要手段。煤制甲醇技术在我国早已发展成熟,每年都有大量甲醇产能过剩,“汽油掺醇”是解决甲醇作燃料的重要方法,但由于甲醇与汽油的性质差异巨大,导致醇基汽油稳定性差,因此解决甲醇与汽油的稳定性问题是实现“汽油掺醇”燃料的核心问题。近几年来,关于醇基汽油助剂种类的专利很多,但都各有弊端。总之,多种问题导致醇基汽油实际应用困难,现有技术对醇基汽油体系的稳定性提高作用也有限。
发明内容
本发明在前人研究的基础上,结合市场需求,发明了一种方便、高效、成本低的醇基汽油燃料添加剂的制备方法。醇基汽油燃料添加剂的组成主要包含甲醇、乙醇、甲醇-乙醇脱氢产物,还包含助溶剂如正丁醇、多元醇甲醚、多元醇丁醚、双多元醇甲醚、多元醇丁醚酯,以及表面活性剂如Span80、OP-10、Tween80。甲醇-乙醇脱氢产物是一种由甲醇、乙醇经过脱氢反应后得到的混合物。甲醇-乙醇脱氢反应所用催化剂为铜负载氧化硅型催化剂,脱氢反应所用原料为甲醇和乙醇混合物。本醇基汽油燃料添加剂具有来源广泛、价廉易得的优势,并且制备过程中反应后的混合物不需要进行分离和再次加工处理,因此具有操作简便的优势。此外,助溶剂添加量较少,但稳定效果优异,组分中所用的表面活性剂为常见的化工产品,来源丰富。表面活性剂与助溶剂使用后有助于醇基燃料的长时间稳定存储。此外,本发明的醇基汽油燃料添加剂可根据需要和应用场所对其组成及比例进行调节,以保证醇基汽油燃料添加剂与汽油混合后的稳定性及充分燃烧性。该醇基汽油燃料添加剂能够满足大部分市场要求。通过经济效益的评价,本发明所制备的醇基燃料有着显著的经济效益,具有进一步推广应用的价值。
本发明的醇基汽油燃料添加剂主要组分为甲醇-乙醇脱氢过程中未反应的甲醇、乙醇及甲醇-乙醇脱氢产物,次要组分为助溶剂和表面活性剂。甲醇-乙醇脱氢产物所用催化剂为铜负载氧化硅型催化剂,制备方法是称取一定量的Cu(NO3)2·3H2O和Zn(NO3)2·6H2O固体溶于去离子水中,按照Ce和La的含量各占催化剂的1%计算,并添加Ce(NO3)3、La(NO3)3溶入上述去离子水中,引入微量的稀土金属离子作助剂,在搅拌的条件下缓慢加入氨水使其生成铜氨络合物,使得pH值为9~10,充分搅拌后加入硅溶胶,常温下搅拌4h,随后转移至旋转蒸发仪中蒸氨使得最终pH值为6~7,经过过滤、水洗、干燥、焙烧后筛分并得到20~40目的催化剂前驱体,随后在氢气气氛中还原4h,还原温度为350℃,最终得到所需催化剂。其中催化剂中Cu与Zn的比例、Cu在载体SiO2上的负载量均可调节。
甲醇-乙醇脱氢反应是在固定床微型反应器中进行,甲醇、乙醇按照20:1~5:1的比例混合,反应温度为240℃~280℃,反应压力为0.2MPa~0.5MPa、反应空速为1h-1~4h-1,所用气体为氮气,进料流量为0.065~0.103ml/min。,经实验分析证明液相产物主要有甲酸甲酯、乙酸甲酯、乙酸乙酯、甲酸乙酯,上述酯类易溶于甲醇、乙醇等,且与汽油具有良好的混溶性。
助溶剂主要是正丁醇、多元醇甲醚、多元醇丁醚、双多元醇甲醚、多元醇丁醚酯中的一种或几种复配。表面活性剂主要是Span80、OP-10、Tween80、Tween60中的一种或几种复配。
醇基汽油燃料添加剂中各类组分添加比例如下:
甲醇-乙醇脱氢产物占添加剂的比例:10~90wt%,
助溶剂中正丁醇占添加剂的比例:0.1~10wt%
助溶剂中多元醇甲醚、多元醇丁醚、双多元醇甲醚或多元醇丁醚酯占添加剂的比例:0.1~10wt%;
表面活性剂中Span80、OP-10、Tween80、Tween60占添加剂的比例:0.05~10wt%,
经过分析甲醇-乙醇脱氢产物中甲酸甲酯的含量为:5~20wt%,乙酸甲酯的含量为:5~25wt%,乙酸乙酯的含量为:2~10wt%,甲酸乙酯的含量为2~10wt%;其他酯类0.1~2wt%。
醇基汽油燃料添加剂和汽油的混合比例为:10~600:100
使用方法:各质量分数的甲醇、乙醇、甲醇-乙醇脱氢产物、助溶剂和表面活性剂组成的醇基汽油燃料添加剂与汽油按比例充分混合后使用超声波分散器超声分散一定时间后,形成稳定的醇基汽油燃料。
注:所用汽油种类可为商品汽油、直镏汽油、加氢汽油;所有助溶剂和表面活性剂均使用超声分散器分散到汽油中。
本发明与现有技术发明对比,主要具有以下优势:
(1)所发明的醇基汽油燃料添加剂相比于单独的甲醇、乙醇与汽油混合后的稳定性强;
(2)所使用的助溶剂和表面活性剂原料来源广泛,成本较低;
(3)甲醇-乙醇脱氢产物制备过程采用铜负载氧化硅型催化剂,催化效率适当,催化产物无需处理,操作简单,并且以甲醇和乙醇为原料,成本低,性价比高;
(4)添加的甲醇比例能够满足市场要求,在5~90wt%之间灵活可调,且利于节能减排。该醇基汽油燃料添加剂可用于高原发电机、农业机械,船舶发动机等领域,具有高氧含量的优势,在高原环境中能够稳定使用,而且氧含量的增加促进了燃料燃烧,减少了碳烟生成。此外,甲醇、乙醇几乎不含硫氮元素,燃烧后不会排放硫氧化物,限制减少氮化物排放。因此该醇基汽油燃料添加剂是一种含氧清洁燃料。
具体实施方式
本发明涉及的评价醇基汽油燃料添加剂与汽油稳定性的指标主要为两者混合后稳定存在时的平均粒径大小。
本发明涉及的醇基汽油燃料添加剂与汽油的混合后稳定性的影响因素主要包括甲醇-乙醇脱氢产物及助溶剂、表面活性剂以及甲醇-乙醇脱氢产物中酯产物的类型和比例。对于甲醇-乙醇脱氢反应前原料比例一定的体系,其稳定性随添加剂添加量的增加而升高,且醇基汽油中甲醇含量越多,所需添加剂的添加量也相应增加。
实施例1:
按照以下方法称取一定量的Cu(NO3)2·3H2O和Zn(NO3)2·6H2O固体溶于去离子水中,使得铜锌摩尔比为10:1,并添加1wt%的Ce(NO3)3、La(NO3)3溶入上述去离子水中,引入微量的稀土金属离子作助剂,在搅拌的条件下缓慢滴加氨水,使其生成铜氨络合物,使得pH值为9,充分搅拌30min后加入硅溶胶,使得铜负载量为20wt.%,常温下搅拌4h,随后转移至旋转蒸发仪中蒸氨使得最终pH值为6~7,过滤,水洗3~4次,所得滤饼在真空干燥箱内120℃温度下干燥12h,随后转移至马弗炉500℃下焙烧4h,后经研磨、压片筛分出20~40目的CuO/ZnO/SiO2催化剂前驱体,随后在氢气气氛中还原4h,还原温度为350℃,最终得到所需催化剂。将所得到的催化剂在固定床微型反应器中,通入氮气,甲醇、乙醇按照5:1的比例混合,反应温度为240℃,,压力为0.2MPa、空速为1h-1,进料流量为0.065ml/min,进料一定时间后催化剂的催化活性趋于稳定时,开始收集液相产物,得到甲醇-乙醇脱氢产物。经过分析,其中包含甲酸甲酯、乙酸甲酯、乙酸乙酯、甲酸乙酯和其它少量酯类。
将甲醇-乙醇脱氢产物、助溶剂、表面活性剂按照44:2:0.2的比例混合,超声20min后得到实施例1醇基汽油燃料添加剂,其组成见表1。
表1实施例1醇基汽油燃料添加剂各组分及其比例
实施例2:
按照以下方法称取一定量的Cu(NO3)2·3H2O和Zn(NO3)2·6H2O固体溶于去离子水中,使得铜锌摩尔比为15:1,并添加1wt%的Ce(NO3)3、La(NO3)3溶入上述去离子水中,引入微量的稀土金属离子作助剂,在搅拌的条件下缓慢滴加氨水,使其生成铜氨络合物,使得pH值为9,充分搅拌30min后加入硅溶胶,使得铜负载量为25wt.%,常温下搅拌4h,随后转移至旋转蒸发仪中蒸氨使得最终pH值为6~7,过滤,水洗3~4次,所得滤饼在真空干燥箱内120℃温度下干燥12h,随后转移至马弗炉500℃下焙烧4h,后经研磨、压片筛分出20~40目的CuO/ZnO/SiO2催化剂前驱体,随后在氢气气氛中还原4h,还原温度为350℃,最终得到所需催化剂。将所得到的催化剂在固定床微型反应器中,通入氮气,甲醇、乙醇按照8:1的比例混合,反应温度为250℃,,压力为0.3MPa、空速为2h-1,进料流量为0.075ml/min,进料一定时间后催化剂的催化活性趋于稳定时,开始收集液相产物,得到甲醇-乙醇脱氢产物,其中包含甲酸甲酯、乙酸甲酯、乙酸乙酯、甲酸乙酯和其它酯类。
将甲醇-乙醇脱氢产物、助溶剂、表面活性剂按照约为82:10:0.2的比例混合,超声20min后得到实施例2醇基汽油燃料添加剂,其组成见表2。
表2实施例2醇基汽油燃料添加剂各组分及其比例
实施例3:
按照以下方法称取一定量的Cu(NO3)2·3H2O和Zn(NO3)2·6H2O固体溶于去离子水中,使得铜锌摩尔比为20:1,并添加1wt%的Ce(NO3)3、La(NO3)3溶入上述去离子水中,引入微量的稀土金属离子作助剂,在搅拌的条件下缓慢滴加氨水,使其生成铜氨络合物,使得pH值为9,充分搅拌30min后加入硅溶胶,使得铜负载量为30wt.%,常温下搅拌4h,随后转移至旋转蒸发仪中蒸氨使得最终pH值为6~7,过滤,水洗3~4次,所得滤饼在真空干燥箱内120℃温度下干燥12h,随后转移至马弗炉500℃下焙烧4h,后经研磨、压片筛分出20~40目的CuO/ZnO/SiO2催化剂前驱体,随后在氢气气氛中还原4h,还原温度为350℃,最终得到所需催化剂。将所得到的催化剂在固定床微型反应器中,通入氮气,甲醇、乙醇按照8:1的比例混合,反应温度为260℃,,压力为0.4MPa、空速为3h-1,进料流量为0.085ml/min,进料一定时间后催化剂的催化活性趋于稳定时,开始收集液相产物,以此得到甲醇-乙醇脱氢产物,其中包含甲酸甲酯、乙酸甲酯、乙酸乙酯、甲酸乙酯和其它酯类。
将甲醇-乙醇脱氢产物、助溶剂、表面活性剂按照77:5:0.3的比例混合,超声20min后得到实施例3醇基汽油燃料添加剂,其组成见表3。
表3实施例3醇基汽油燃料添加剂各组分及其比例
下面通过实例对本发明的一种醇基汽油燃料添加剂的应用的技术方案进一步具体说明。
应用例1
取150份实施例1中醇基汽油燃料添加剂加入到850份加氢汽油中在室温下使用超声波分散器超声分散30min后即制得醇醚酯含量约为15%的M15醇基汽油燃料。经过纳米粒度分析仪测定,其平均粒径为38nm左右。
应用例2
取200份实施例2中醇基汽油燃料添加剂加入到800份加氢汽油中在室温下使用超声波分散器超声分散30min后即制得醇醚酯含量约为20%的M20醇基汽油燃料。经过纳米粒度分析仪测定,其平均粒径为56nm左右。
应用例3
取850份实施例3中醇基汽油燃料添加剂加入到150份加氢汽油中在室温下使用超声波分散器超声分散30min后即制得醇醚酯含量约为85%的M85醇基汽油燃料。经过纳米粒度分析仪测定,其平均粒径为73nm左右。
应用例4
取300份实施例3中醇基汽油燃料添加剂加入到700份京博石化商品汽油中在室温下使用超声波分散器超声分散30min后即制得醇醚酯含量约为30%的M30醇基汽油燃料。经过纳米粒度分析仪测定,其平均粒径为81nm左右。
对比例1
取200份甲醇、乙醇混合溶液加入到800份加氢汽油中,其中甲醇:乙醇质量比为10:1,助溶剂中加入的正丁醇10份,多元醇甲醚5份,表面活性剂中加入Span80共1份,Tween80共1份,Tween60共1份,在室温下使用超声分散器超声分散后制备得到甲醇、乙醇总质量分数为20wt%的醇基汽油燃料,超声分散参数:功率384W,时间30min。经过纳米粒度分析仪测定,其平均粒径为258nm左右。
对比例2
取200份甲醇、乙醇混合溶液加入到800份商品汽油中,其中甲醇:乙醇质量比为10:1,助溶剂中加入的正丁醇3份,多元醇甲醚2份,表面活性剂中加入Span80共1份,Tween801份,Tween601份,在室温下使用超声分散器超声分散后制备得到甲醇、乙醇总质量分数为20wt%的醇基汽油燃料,超声分散参数:功率384W,时间30min。经过纳米粒度分析仪测定,其平均粒径为165nm左右
对比例3
取621份实施例1中的甲醇-乙醇脱氢产物加入到800份加氢汽油中,在室温下使用超声分散器超声分散后制备得到甲醇、乙醇总质量分数为20wt%的醇基汽油燃料,超声分散参数:功率384W,时间30min。制备的醇基汽油燃料可在室温下稳定5h。经过纳米粒度分析仪测定,其平均粒径为124nm左右
本发明的应用例醇基汽油燃料的分散粒径要明显小于对比例的醇基汽油燃料。通过对比发现,汽油中加入未经反应的甲醇、乙醇的稳定性显著低于加入反应后的甲醇-乙醇脱氢产物,主要原因在于反应后产物中含有的混合酯类对甲醇、乙醇与汽油的稳定性有良好的助溶效果,并且加入助溶剂和表面活性剂有助于该体系稳定性的进一步提升。总的来说,醇基汽油燃料添加剂与汽油稳定的核心在于甲醇-乙醇脱氢产物的制备及与醇醚助剂、表面活性助剂的混合使用。
显然,上述实施例仅仅是为清楚地说明一种醇基汽油燃料添加剂及应用所作的举例,而并非对实施方式的限定。对于所属领域的普通技术人员来说,在上述说明的基础上还可以做出其它不同形式的变化或变动。这里无需也无法对所有的实施方式予以穷举。而由此所引伸出的显而易见的变化或变动仍处于本发明创造的保护范围之中。
Claims (1)
1.一种醇基汽油燃料的制备方法,其特征在于,以甲醇和乙醇混合物为原料,使用专用催化剂进行催化脱氢反应后得到的甲醇-乙醇脱氢产物,然后与助溶剂和表面活性剂按一定比例经过超声分散混合得到醇基汽油燃料添加剂;其中添加剂中甲醇-乙醇脱氢产物占比为10~90wt%、助溶剂占比为0.1~10wt%、表面活性剂占比为0.05~10wt%,添加剂总量是100wt%;醇基汽油燃料中添加剂和汽油的混合比例为10~600:100;其中助溶剂是正丁醇、多元醇甲醚、多元醇丁醚、双多元醇甲醚、多元醇丁醚酯中的一种或几种复配;其中表面活性剂是Span80、OP-10、Tween80、Tween60中的一种或几种复配;
其中甲醇-乙醇脱氢反应条件为:
甲醇、乙醇按照20:1~5:1的比例混合,反应温度为240℃~280℃,反应压力为0.2MPa~0.5MPa、反应空速为1h-1~4h-1,所用气体为氮气,进料流量为0.065~0.103ml/min,收集液相产物,得到甲醇-乙醇脱氢产物,其中包含甲酸甲酯、乙酸甲酯、乙酸乙酯、甲酸乙酯和其它酯类;
其中所用专用催化剂的制备方法如下:
(1)按照Ce和 La的含量各占催化剂的1wt%计算,称取Cu(NO3)2·3H2O和Zn(NO3)2·6H2O固体溶于去离子水中,并添加Ce(NO3)3、La(NO3)3溶入上述去离子水中,引入微量的稀土金属离子作助剂,在搅拌的条件下缓慢加入氨水使其生成铜氨络合物,使得pH值为9~10;催化剂中Cu与Zn的比例和Cu在载体SiO2上的负载量可调节;
(2)充分搅拌后加入硅溶胶,常温下搅拌4h,随后转移至旋转蒸发仪中蒸氨使得最终pH值为6~7;
(3)经过过滤、水洗、干燥、焙烧后筛分并得到20~40目的催化剂前驱体,随后在氢气气氛中还原4h,还原温度为350℃,最终得到催化剂。
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202210938714.1A CN115232656B (zh) | 2022-08-05 | 2022-08-05 | 一种醇基汽油燃料的制备方法 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202210938714.1A CN115232656B (zh) | 2022-08-05 | 2022-08-05 | 一种醇基汽油燃料的制备方法 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN115232656A CN115232656A (zh) | 2022-10-25 |
CN115232656B true CN115232656B (zh) | 2024-02-09 |
Family
ID=83680094
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN202210938714.1A Active CN115232656B (zh) | 2022-08-05 | 2022-08-05 | 一种醇基汽油燃料的制备方法 |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CN (1) | CN115232656B (zh) |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN1210101A (zh) * | 1997-09-02 | 1999-03-10 | 中国科学院成都有机化学研究所 | 用于低温液相联产甲醇和甲酸甲酯的复合催化剂和工艺过程 |
CN109161409A (zh) * | 2018-09-17 | 2019-01-08 | 上海应用技术大学 | 一种甲醇汽油及其制备方法 |
CN114181745A (zh) * | 2021-12-23 | 2022-03-15 | 兖矿水煤浆气化及煤化工国家工程研究中心有限公司 | 一种清洁燃料及其制备方法 |
Family Cites Families (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6923839B2 (en) * | 2001-06-26 | 2005-08-02 | Cooper Cameron | Fuel blend for an internal combustion engine |
-
2022
- 2022-08-05 CN CN202210938714.1A patent/CN115232656B/zh active Active
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN1210101A (zh) * | 1997-09-02 | 1999-03-10 | 中国科学院成都有机化学研究所 | 用于低温液相联产甲醇和甲酸甲酯的复合催化剂和工艺过程 |
CN109161409A (zh) * | 2018-09-17 | 2019-01-08 | 上海应用技术大学 | 一种甲醇汽油及其制备方法 |
CN114181745A (zh) * | 2021-12-23 | 2022-03-15 | 兖矿水煤浆气化及煤化工国家工程研究中心有限公司 | 一种清洁燃料及其制备方法 |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
---|
孙旭辉,潘伟雄.甲醇-乙醇脱氢法合成乙酸甲酯.天然气化工(C1化学与化工).1996,21(第03期),第14-16页. * |
潘伟雄.乙醇脱氢歧化醋化一步合成乙酸乙酯.《石油化工》.1991,第20卷第330-337页. * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN115232656A (zh) | 2022-10-25 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN102247852B (zh) | 一种合成气合成低碳醇的Cu-Fe-Co基催化剂及制备方法及其在合成气合成低碳醇工艺中的应用 | |
CN108997274A (zh) | 一种液相氢转移催化糠醛加氢制备2-甲基呋喃的方法 | |
CN101239315B (zh) | 一种甘油加氢制备1,2-丙二醇的催化剂及其应用 | |
CN103772143A (zh) | 一种由醋酸制备工业乙醇的方法 | |
CN115232656B (zh) | 一种醇基汽油燃料的制备方法 | |
CN110368949A (zh) | 一种CO加氢制低碳醇GaFe基催化剂及制法和应用 | |
CN103372440A (zh) | 一种合成甲醇催化剂的制备方法 | |
CN115093887A (zh) | 一种醇基柴油燃料添加剂的制备方法 | |
CN105727954A (zh) | 一种合成气制天然气催化剂的制备方法 | |
CN101653729A (zh) | 一种用于合成气制低碳醇的催化剂及制法和应用 | |
CN105642289A (zh) | 一种合成气完全甲烷化催化剂的制备方法 | |
CN105170156A (zh) | 类气凝胶结构的镍基甲烷干重整催化剂的制备方法 | |
CN112295571B (zh) | 一种PtNi笼型催化剂及其在催化糠醛选择性加氢制备糠醇中的应用 | |
CN111116525B (zh) | 2,5-二甲基呋喃及利用5-羟甲基糠醛加氢制备2,5-二甲基呋喃的方法 | |
CN113522296A (zh) | CO加氢制乙醇CuZn催化剂及其制备方法和应用 | |
CN114672350A (zh) | 一种创新节约型尾气清洁剂及其制备方法 | |
CN104204157B (zh) | 生物燃料组合物 | |
CN102911694A (zh) | 一种费托合成方法和费托合成催化剂 | |
CN107913736A (zh) | 用于聚甲醛二甲醚合成的催化剂 | |
CN108753384B (zh) | 清洁柴油添加剂、其制备方法及清洁柴油组合物 | |
CN115029165B (zh) | 一种甲醇柴油微乳化分散剂及其制备方法和应用 | |
CN105727969B (zh) | 一种合成气甲烷化催化剂的制备方法 | |
CN104109080B (zh) | 经醋酸气相催化加氢制备乙醇的方法 | |
CN107915593A (zh) | 用于合成聚甲醛二甲醚的方法 | |
CN107915601A (zh) | 合成聚甲醛二甲基醚的方法 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PB01 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
GR01 | Patent grant | ||
GR01 | Patent grant |