CN115226619A - Greenhouse nutrient solution return accurate fertilizer preparation device and method based on nutrient elements - Google Patents
Greenhouse nutrient solution return accurate fertilizer preparation device and method based on nutrient elements Download PDFInfo
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- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 153
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 94
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 138
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 87
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 70
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 41
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910017053 inorganic salt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000012086 standard solution Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011550 stock solution Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- XOYLJNJLGBYDTH-UHFFFAOYSA-M chlorogallium Chemical compound [Ga]Cl XOYLJNJLGBYDTH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008054 signal transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 206010063385 Intellectualisation Diseases 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 11
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
- A01G31/02—Special apparatus therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
- B01F23/40—Mixing liquids with liquids; Emulsifying
- B01F23/45—Mixing liquids with liquids; Emulsifying using flow mixing
- B01F23/451—Mixing liquids with liquids; Emulsifying using flow mixing by injecting one liquid into another
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
- B01F35/20—Measuring; Control or regulation
- B01F35/21—Measuring
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D21/00—Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
- G01D21/02—Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Hydroponics (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a greenhouse nutrient solution return liquid accurate fertilizer preparation device and method based on nutrient elements, the device is composed of a controller, an element ion detection device, a return liquid storage unit, an electric gate valve, a pump, an electromagnetic proportional valve, a fertilizer mixing barrel, a fertilizer storage unit, a pressure sensor and a liquid storage unit, the amount of secondary formula nutrient element ions is determined, nutrient solution is prepared in the fertilizer barrel and pumped into the fertilizer mixing barrel, then recovered solution in a return liquid temporary storage barrel is pumped into the fertilizer mixing barrel to prepare fertilizer, secondary fertilizer preparation is carried out on the recovered solution, the function of supplementing elements required by crops according to a certain proportion is realized, and the corresponding ph value and EC value are kept. The invention can flexibly realize automatic fertilizer preparation and secondary fertilizer preparation and reutilization of the nutrient solution recovery solution according to different growth stage requirements and different crop formula requirements of crops, reduces the discharge of the nutrient solution recovery solution, reduces the use cost of the nutrient solution, and has the characteristics of intellectualization, refinement, environmental protection and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of accurate fertilizer preparation of greenhouse nutrient solution, and particularly relates to a nutrient element-based greenhouse nutrient solution return accurate fertilizer preparation device and method.
Background
The greenhouse cultivation system has the advantages that the facility crop cultivation area of China is the first in the world, the area proportion of the large multi-span greenhouse is increased year by year, soilless cultivation such as water cultivation and matrix cultivation occupies a large proportion in greenhouse crop cultivation, the automatic irrigation and fertilization system can accurately control water supply and nutrition collocation required by soilless culture crops, greenhouse cultivation efficiency and effect are accurately improved, and labor cost and raw material cost required by fertilizer preparation are reduced.
At present, in the process of irrigating and fertilizing greenhouse crops planted in China, the method for preparing the soilless culture nutrient solution is mainly to directly adopt a standard fertilizer formula, and at the moment, an irrigating and fertilizing system controls a fertilizer preparation process according to set values of factors such as EC and pH of the nutrient solution. The greenhouse irrigation fertilizer distribution mode cannot automatically change the formula fertilizer distribution according to the vegetable types, different growth stages and growth requirements, dynamic regulation and accurate irrigation on the growth and quality of crops are difficult to realize, the potential of the yield and quality of vegetables cannot be fully exploited, and high quality and high yield are difficult to realize. The nutrient solution accurate proportioning technology based on nutrient elements can solve the defects, realize accurate and intelligent proportioning of the nutrient elements in the nutrient solution of the crops, improve the yield and the quality of the crops under the condition of not increasing the cost, fully utilize the nutrient solution, improve the greenhouse planting benefit and have value and significance of wide popularization and application.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a nutrient solution return liquid accurate fertilizer preparation device and method based on nutrient elements, so that quantitative proportion of nutrient ions required to be added in a nutrient solution recovery liquid is realized.
The present invention achieves the above-described object by the following means.
The utility model provides a greenhouse nutrient solution returns accurate fertile device of joining in marriage of liquid based on nutrient element which characterized in that includes:
the liquid return storage unit comprises m liquid return storage barrels and a liquid return temporary storage barrel, wherein the water outlet of each liquid return storage barrel is communicated with the water inlet of the liquid return temporary storage barrel, and m electric gate valves, a pump A and a loop ion detection device are arranged on a communication pipeline; a liquid level sensor C is arranged in each liquid return storage barrel, and a liquid level sensor A is arranged in each liquid return temporary storage barrel 11;
a water inlet A of the fertilizer mixing barrel is communicated with a water outlet of the liquid return temporary storage barrel, and a fourteenth electromagnetic proportional valve and a pump H are arranged on a communication pipeline; a liquid level sensor B is arranged in the fertilizer mixing barrel;
the fertilizer storage unit comprises n fertilizer barrels, each fertilizer barrel is communicated with the water inlet B of the mixed fertilizer barrel, and n electromagnetic proportional valves and a pump G are arranged on a communication pipeline; the n fertilizer barrels comprise at least one fertilizer barrel for storing acid and at least one fertilizer barrel for storing alkali, and the rest fertilizer barrels store inorganic salt;
and the controller is used for receiving signals of the liquid level sensor C, the liquid level sensor A and the liquid level sensor B and controlling the working states of the electric gate valve, the pump A, the fourteenth electromagnetic proportional valve, the pump H, the electromagnetic proportional valve and the pump G.
Above-mentioned technical scheme still includes:
the liquid storage unit comprises p liquid storage barrels, the water outlets of the mixed fertilizer barrels are communicated with the water inlets of the liquid storage barrels through a main pipeline, a pump B and a second electromagnetic proportional valve are sequentially arranged on a communicating pipeline, the water outlet of each liquid storage barrel is connected into each irrigation branch pipeline through a pump, and an electric gate valve is arranged in each irrigation branch pipeline; an electric gate valve is still connected at the water inlet of every stock solution bucket, and is equipped with level sensor D in the stock solution bucket, level sensor D gives the controller with signal transmission, and the operating condition of pump on controller control pump B, second electromagnetism proportional valve, electric gate valve and the irrigation bleeder line.
In the technical scheme, a loop ion detection device is further arranged on a communication pipeline between the water outlet of the return liquid storage barrel and the water inlet of the return liquid temporary storage barrel, and the loop ion detection device consists of N, P, K, ga, mg, S, EC and ph sensors and is used for detecting the content of nutrient element ions, the EC and the ph value of the solution in the pipeline before fertilizer preparation.
In the technical scheme, the main pipeline is further provided with a main road ion detection device, and the main road ion detection device consists of N, P, K, ga, mg, S, EC and ph sensors and is used for detecting the content of nutrient element ions, the EC and the ph value of the solution in the pipeline after fertilizer preparation.
In the technical scheme, the main pipeline is further provided with a pressure sensor for detecting the pressure of the nutrient solution in the pipeline and transmitting the pressure to the controller so as to control the working pressure of the pump B.
In the technical scheme, the fertilizer mixing barrel is communicated with a water source pipeline through a first electromagnetic proportional valve.
In the technical scheme, the n fertilizer barrels are communicated with the clear water pipeline.
A greenhouse nutrient solution return accurate fertilizer preparation method based on nutrient elements determines the amount of secondary formula nutrient element ions, prepares nutrient solution in a fertilizer barrel, pumps the nutrient solution into a mixed fertilizer barrel, and pumps recovered solution in a return solution temporary storage barrel into the mixed fertilizer barrel to prepare fertilizer.
Further, the determination process of the amount of the secondary formula nutrient element ions comprises the following steps:
selecting water-soluble inorganic salt used for preparing the fertilizer as NH 4 NO 3 、KH 2 PO 4 、K 2 SO 4 、KNO 3 、Ga(NO 3 ) 2 、GaCl 2 、MgSO 4 The acid and alkali used for preparing the fertilizer are H 3 PO 4 、H 2 SO 4 、HNO 3 NaOH, and the solution variable of each fertilizer is defined as x 1 、x 2 、x 3 、x 4 、x 5 、x 11 、x 6 、x 10 、x 7 、x 8 And x 9 (ii) a The ion contents corresponding to N, K, ca, mg, P and S in the standard solution are respectively A, B, C, D, E and F, the ion contents corresponding to N, K, ca, mg, P and S in the recovery solution are respectively a, B, C, D, E and F, and the secondary formula is that the ion concentration of each nutrient element in the standard solution is subtracted by the ion concentration of each nutrient element in the recovery solution;
determining x from an ion recipe 1 And x 9 Value of (i.e. NH) 4 + The amount of NaOH;
based on the selected inorganic salt and the defined solution variables, if
Let x be 11 =0, from x 5 d 0 = D-D solving for x 5 I.e. determination of Ga 2+ The amount of (c); if it is
By
And x 5 d 0 +x 11 d 0 Determination of Ga by = D-D 2+ The amount of (c);
from x 6 e 0 = E-E solving for x 6 I.e. determination of Mg 2+ The amount of (c);
let x 3 、x 4 =0, if
According to x 2 c 0 +2x 3 c 0 +x 4 c 0 = C-C and x 2 b 0 +x 10 b 0 = B-B finding x 2 、x 10 I.e. determining PO 4 3- The amount of (c); if it is
Let x be 10 =0, from x 2 b 0 +x 10 b 0 = B-B finding x 2 To thereby determine PO 4 3- The amount of (c);
according to x 2 c 0 +2x 3 c 0 +x 4 c 0 ＝C-c、x 6 f 0 +x 3 f 0 = F-F and x 1 k+x 4 k+2x 5 k+x 8 k = A-a, and x is obtained 3 、x 4 、x 8 Of, i.e. determining K + 、NO 3 - The amount of (c);
from x 6 f 0 +x 3 f 0 +x 7 f 0 Not less than F-F and x 7 ＝{minx 7 |x 7 f 0 -x 6 f 0 -x 3 f 0 Determining x 7 I.e. SO 4 2- The amount of (c);
wherein: a is 0 Represents NH 4 + Molar mass of (b) 0 Represents PO 4 3- Molar mass of (c) 0 Represents K + Molar content of (d) 0 Represents Ga 2+ Molar mass of e 0 Represents Mg 2+ Molar mass of (a), (b), (c) and (d) 0 Denotes SO 4 2- K represents NO 3 - I is the molar mass of
And NH 4 + The mass ratio of (a).
Further scheme, still include: after fertilizer preparation is finished, fertilizer in the fertilizer mixing barrel is pumped into the liquid storage barrel, and irrigation is realized by controlling the pumps and the electric gate valves on the irrigation branch pipelines.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: in the process of recycling the nutrient solution of the soilless culture in the protected agriculture, the invention can adjust the content of single nutrient ions, meet the regulation and control of quality and taste in vegetable production according to the formula of nutrient elements, carry out secondary fertilizer preparation on the recovery of the residual nutrient solution on the basis of the elements, supplement the elements required by crops according to a certain proportion and keep the corresponding ph value and EC value; secondly, join in marriage fertile device based on nutrient element can be directed against different growth stage demands of crop, different crop formula requirements, and the secondary that realizes automatically joining in marriage fertile and nutrient solution and return the liquid is joined in marriage fertile utilization, reduces the discharge pollution of nutrient solution waste liquid, reduces the nutrient solution use cost to reach more intelligent, the control requirement that becomes more meticulous, provide technical reference for modern large-scale greenhouse water planting intelligent irrigation system.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a nutrient solution fertilizer preparation device based on nutrient elements according to the invention;
in the figure: 1-a first electric gate valve, 2-a liquid return storage barrel A, 3-a second electric gate valve, 4-a liquid return storage barrel B, 5-a third electric gate valve, 6-a liquid return storage barrel C, 7-a fourth electric gate valve, 8-a liquid return storage barrel D, 9-a pump A, 10-a loop ion detection device, 11-a liquid return temporary storage barrel, 12-a fourteenth electromagnetic proportional valve, 13-a fertilizer mixing barrel, 14-a pump B, 15-a pressure sensor, 16-a main circuit ion detection device, 17-an eighth electric gate valve, 18-a liquid storage barrel A, 19-a pump F, 20-a seventh electric gate valve, 21-a liquid storage barrel B, 22-a pump E, 23-a second electromagnetic proportional valve, 24-a sixth electric gate valve, 25-a liquid storage barrel C, 26-a pump D, 27-a fifth electric gate valve, 28-liquid storage barrel D, 29-pump C, 30-pump G, 31-first fertilizer barrel, 32-second fertilizer barrel, 33-third fertilizer barrel, 34-fourth fertilizer barrel, 35-fifth fertilizer barrel, 36-sixth fertilizer barrel, 37-seventh fertilizer barrel, 38-eighth fertilizer barrel, 39-ninth fertilizer barrel, 40-tenth fertilizer barrel, 41-eleventh fertilizer barrel, 42-third electromagnetic proportional valve, 43-fourth electromagnetic proportional valve, 44-fifth electromagnetic proportional valve, 45-sixth electromagnetic proportional valve, 46-seventh electromagnetic proportional valve, 47-eighth electromagnetic proportional valve, 48-ninth electromagnetic proportional valve, 49-tenth electromagnetic proportional valve, 50-eleventh electromagnetic proportional valve, 51-twelfth electromagnetic proportional valve, 52-thirteenth electromagnetic proportional valve, 53-first electromagnetic proportional valve, 54-pump H.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the following figures and specific examples, but the scope of the invention is not limited thereto.
The invention relates to a nutrient element-based greenhouse nutrient solution return liquid precise fertilizer preparation device and a method, which are mainly used for secondary fertilizer preparation and utilization of nutrient solution return liquid of a large-scale greenhouse soilless culture water culture system, and the device specifically comprises the following components: the device comprises a controller, an element ion detection device, a liquid return storage unit, an electric gate valve, a pump, an electromagnetic proportional valve, a fertilizer mixing barrel 13, a fertilizer storage unit, a pressure sensor and a liquid storage unit.
The liquid return storage unit consists of 4 same liquid return storage barrels (a liquid return storage barrel A2, a liquid return storage barrel B4, a liquid return storage barrel C6 and a liquid return storage barrel D8) and a liquid return temporary storage barrel 11, wherein a liquid level sensor is arranged in each liquid return storage barrel, the position of the liquid level sensor is set according to actual requirements (for example, 2/3 of the height of the barrel), and the liquid level sensor is communicated with the controller; the water outlet of each liquid return storage barrel is communicated with the water inlet of a liquid return temporary storage barrel 11, and an electric gate valve (a first electric gate valve 1, a second electric gate valve 3, a third electric gate valve 5 and a fourth electric gate valve 7 in sequence), a pump A9 and a loop ion detection device 10 are arranged on a communication pipeline; the liquid return storage unit collects nutrient solution recovery liquid of the greenhouse hydroponic system and stores the nutrient solution recovery liquid in the liquid return storage barrel, when the recovery liquid reaches the position of the liquid level sensor, the controller receives a signal and controls the normally closed electric gate valve to be opened, and the pump A9 pumps the nutrient solution recovery liquid in the liquid return storage barrel into the liquid return temporary storage barrel 11; a water outlet of the liquid return temporary storage barrel 11 is communicated with a water inlet A of the fertilizer mixing barrel 13, a fourteenth electromagnetic proportional valve 12 and a pump H54 are arranged on a communication pipeline, a liquid level sensor A is arranged in the liquid return temporary storage barrel 11 and used for detecting the liquid level in the liquid return temporary storage barrel 11 in real time and transmitting the liquid level to a controller, when the liquid level reaches a high liquid level set value, the controller controls the pump A9 to stop running and the electric gate valve to be closed, the fourteenth electromagnetic proportional valve 12 and the pump H54 to work, and recovered liquid in the liquid return temporary storage barrel 11 is pumped into the fertilizer mixing barrel 13 to be mixed with fertilizer; when the liquid level reaches the low liquid level set value, the pump H54 is controlled to stop running, the fourteenth electromagnetic proportional valve 12 is controlled to be closed, the pump A9 is controlled to run, and the electric gate valve is controlled to be opened. The number of the liquid return storage barrels is set according to actual requirements.
The fertilizer storage unit consists of 11 identical fertilizer barrels (a first fertilizer barrel 31, a second fertilizer barrel 32, a third fertilizer barrel 33, a fourth fertilizer barrel 34, a fifth fertilizer barrel 35, a sixth fertilizer barrel 36, a seventh fertilizer barrel 37, an eighth fertilizer barrel 38, a ninth fertilizer barrel 39, a tenth fertilizer barrel 40 and an eleventh fertilizer barrel 41), each fertilizer barrel is communicated with a water inlet B of the mixed fertilizer barrel 13, and a pump G30 and electromagnetic proportional valves (a third electromagnetic proportional valve 42, a fourth electromagnetic proportional valve 43, a fifth electromagnetic proportional valve 44, a sixth electromagnetic proportional valve 45, a seventh electromagnetic proportional valve 46, an eighth electromagnetic proportional valve 47, a ninth electromagnetic proportional valve 48, a tenth electromagnetic proportional valve 49, an eleventh electromagnetic proportional valve 50, a twelfth electromagnetic proportional valve 51 and a thirteenth electromagnetic proportional valve 52) are arranged on a communication pipeline; a liquid level sensor B is arranged in the mixed fertilizer barrel 13 and is used for acquiring the liquid level of the nutrient solution in the mixed fertilizer barrel 13 in real time and transmitting the liquid level to the controller; when the set value of the liquid level of the fertilizer preparation is reached, the controller controls the working state of the electromagnetic proportional valve (the opening and closing of the electromagnetic proportional valve are controlled by the amount of the nutrient ions, which is the prior art and is not described herein) and the pump G30 to work through the solved variable (the amount of the nutrient ions), so that the amounts of the water-soluble inorganic salt fertilizer, the acid solution and the alkali solution injected into the fertilizer mixing barrel 13 are accurately regulated and controlled; the water-soluble nutrient element fertilizer in the fertilizer barrel enters a fertilizer mixing barrel 13 for fertilizer mixing; after the fertilizer is filled, the control pump G30 stops operating, the electromagnetic proportional valve is closed, the control pump H54 operates, the fourteenth electromagnetic proportional valve 12 is opened, and the fertilizer liquid in the fertilizer mixing barrel 13 is subjected to constant volume till the constant volume liquid level. The number n of the fertilizer barrels is determined according to required nutrient elements, and the fertilizer barrels comprise at least one fertilizer barrel for storing acid and at least one fertilizer barrel for storing alkali, and the rest fertilizer barrels store inorganic salt.
The liquid storage unit consists of 4 identical liquid storage barrels (a liquid storage barrel A18, a liquid storage barrel B21, a liquid storage barrel C25 and a liquid storage barrel D28), and the water inlet of each liquid storage barrel is connected with an electric gate valve (a fifth electric gate valve 27, a sixth electric gate valve 24, a seventh electric gate valve 20 and an eighth electric gate valve 17 in sequence); a water outlet of the fertilizer mixing barrel 13 is communicated with a water inlet of the liquid storage barrel through a main pipeline, and a pump B14, a pressure sensor 15, a main path ion detection device 16 and a second electromagnetic proportional valve 23 are sequentially arranged on the communicating pipeline; liquid level sensors are respectively arranged in the liquid storage barrels, the water outlet of each liquid storage barrel is respectively connected into each irrigation branch pipeline through a pump C29, a pump D26, a pump E22 and a pump F19, and each irrigation branch pipeline is provided with an electric gate valve; a main path ion detection device 16 detects the content of element ions, EC and ph value in the nutrient solution after the mixed fertilizer; after the fertilizer is prepared to reach the standard, the controller controls the pump B14 and the second electromagnetic proportional valve 23 to work and controls the electric gate valve to open and close, nutrient solution in the fertilizer mixing barrel 13 is pumped into a corresponding liquid storage barrel to be stored, and in the process that the nutrient solution in the fertilizer mixing barrel 13 is pumped into the corresponding liquid storage barrel, the main circuit ion detection device 16 detects the ion concentration, the EC value and the pH value of the nutrient solution in real time, so that the nutrient solution required by irrigation is ensured to meet the requirement; the pressure sensor 15 is used for detecting the pressure of the nutrient solution in the pipeline and transmitting the pressure to the controller, and the working pressure of the pump B14 is controlled to be stable. A liquid level sensor is also arranged in the liquid storage barrel, the liquid level in the liquid storage barrel is detected in real time, and when the liquid level reaches a high liquid level set value, the controller controls the pump B14 to stop running; when the fluid level reaches the low fluid level set point, the controller controls the pumps C29, D26, E22, F19 to stop operating. The number of the liquid storage barrels is set according to actual requirements.
The element ion detection device comprises a loop ion detection device 10 and a main path ion detection device 16, wherein the loop ion detection device 10 and the main path ion detection device 16 are composed of N, P, K, ga, mg, S, EC and ph sensors and are respectively used for detecting the content of nutrient element ions, the EC and the ph value of a solution in a pipeline before and after fertilizer preparation, and the detection objects of the nutrient element ions are respectively NH 4 + 、NO 3 - 、K + 、PO 4 3- 、Ga 2+ 、Mg 2+ 、SO 4 2- 。
The fertilizer mixing barrel 13 is communicated with a water source pipeline through a first electromagnetic proportional valve 53, and after the fertilizer mixing is finished, the controller controls the first electromagnetic proportional valve 53 to work to clean the fertilizer mixing barrel 13; each fertilizer barrel is also communicated with a clear water pipeline, and 1mol/L nutrient solution is prepared according to the requirement.
Detecting the concentration of nutrient element ions in the recovered liquid through a loop ion detection device 10, determining the amount of secondary formula nutrient element ions, preparing 1mol/L nutrient solution in a fertilizer barrel, injecting the nutrient solution into a mixed fertilizer barrel 13, pumping the recovered liquid in a returned liquid temporary storage barrel 11 into the mixed fertilizer barrel 13 for fertilizer preparation, pumping the fertilizer in the mixed fertilizer barrel 13 into a liquid storage barrel after the fertilizer preparation is finished, and realizing irrigation by controlling pumps and electric gate valves on irrigation branch pipelines; wherein: the specific steps for determining the amount of the nutrient element ions are as follows:
s1, determining a secondary formula of a recovery liquid
The secondary formula is obtained by subtracting the concentration of nutrient element ions (acquired by a loop ion detection device 10) of the recovery liquid from the concentration of each nutrient element ion (determined according to the ion formula) of the standard liquid, wherein the ions comprise ions corresponding to 6 main elements of nitrogen (N), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), phosphorus (P) and sulfur (S);
s2, selecting water-soluble inorganic salt in fertilizer barrel
The water-soluble inorganic salt used for preparing the fertilizer has NH 4 NO 3 、KH 2 PO 4 、K 2 SO 4 、KNO 3 、Ga(NO 3 ) 2 、GaCl 2 、MgSO 4 The acid and alkali used for preparing the fertilizer are H 3 PO 4 、H 2 SO 4 、HNO 3 And NaOH;
s3, solving the definition of the variable
Defining solving variable of each fertilizer as x 1 、x 2 、x 3 、x 4 、x 5 、x 11 、x 6 、x 10 、x 7 、x 8 And x 9 Defining the initial conditions: x is the number of 1 …x 11 Are all non-negative; aiming at 6 main elements of nitrogen (N), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), phosphorus (P) and sulfur (S), the ion contents corresponding to the 6 main elements in the standard solution are respectively A, B, C, D, E and F; the contents of ions corresponding to the 6 main elements in the recovery liquid are a, b, c, d, e and f respectively;
taking the mole number as a metering unit of a solving variable, wherein the mole number n = R/m, wherein R is the mass (unit: g) of the nutrient solution, and m is the molar mass (unit: g/mol);
the fertilizers defined and solution variables are shown in table 1:
table 1 definition of fertilizers and solution variables
Wherein: a is 0 Represents NH 4 + Molar mass of b 0 Represents PO 4 3- Molar mass of (c) 0 Represents K + Molar content of (d) 0 Represents Ga 2+ Molar mass of e 0 Represents Mg 2+ Molar mass of (a), (b), (c) and (d) 0 Represents SO 4 2- K represents NO 3 - The molar mass of (a);
s4, determining NH 4 + Amount of (2)
The amount of N (i.e., x) is determined from the ion recipe 1 ) And setting the water-soluble inorganic salt NH according to the requirement 4 NO 3 In
(mass ratio), i value is determined according to ion formula in standard solution, and NO is needed by crops under general conditions 3 - Greater than NH 4 + And part of NO has been introduced into the standard solution 3 - So that NO can be ensured 3 - Greater than NH 4 + ；
S5, determining Ga 2+ Amount of (2)
Based on the selected inorganic salt and the defined solution variables, if
Then NO is indicated 3 - In insufficient amount due to NH 4 + It was confirmed that the addition of Ga (NO) was continued 3 ) 2 And let x 11 =0, x is determined by formula (1) 5 I.e. determination of Ga 2+ The amount of (A):
x 5 d 0 ＝D-d (1)
if it is
Then NO is indicated 3 - If the amount is sufficient, x is determined according to the formula (2) and the formula (3) 5 、x 11 Is determined by the value of 2+ The amount of (A):
x 5 d 0 +x 11 d 0 ＝D-d (3)
s6, determining Mg 2+ Amount of (2)
Determining x from formula (4) 6 Value of (1), i.e. determining Mg 2+ The amount of (A):
x 6 e 0 ＝E-e (4)
s7, determining x 2 、x 10 Is determined as PO 4 3- Amount of (2)
From the determination of KH 2 PO 4 (x 2 ) At first, K is not considered 2 SO 4 、KNO 3 Thus let x 3 、x 4 =0; if it is
Then PO is needed 4 3- More, satisfy the less K of demand earlier + (ii) a The formula is shown in formula (5) and formula (6), in which case x 10 Not equal to 0, find x 2 、x 10 (ii) a If it is
Required K + More, let x 10 =0, and x is obtained by the formula (6) 2 The value of (c):
x 2 c 0 +2x 3 c 0 +x 4 c 0 ＝C-c (5)
x 2 b 0 +x 10 b 0 ＝B-b (6)
s8, determining x 3 、x 4 、x 8 Is determined by determining K + 、NO 3 - Amount of (2)
Due to NH 4 + 、Ga 2+ 、Mg 2+ And PO 4 3- Has determined the amount of K to be continuously supplemented + 、SO 4 2- And NO 3 - Of variable x 1 、x 2 、x 5 、x 6 All obtained in the above solution, x is obtained from the formulas (7) to (9) 3 、x 4 、x 8 The value of (c):
x 2 c 0 +2x 3 c 0 +x 4 c 0 ＝C-c (7)
x 6 f 0 +x 3 f 0 ＝F-f (8)
x 1 k+x 4 k+2x 5 k+x 8 k＝A-a (9)
s9, determining SO 4 2- Amount of (2)
Due to x 3 、x 6 Is known, and SO is determined according to the equations (13) and (14) 4 2- The amount of (A):
x 6 f 0 +x 3 f 0 +x 7 f 0 ≥F-f (10)
x 7 ＝{minx 7 |x 7 f 0 -x 6 f 0 -x 3 f 0 } (11)
due to x 9 Represents NaOH, is not associated with the remainder thereof, so x 9 The value of (c) is determined according to the ion recipe.
The examples are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any obvious modifications, substitutions or variations can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a greenhouse nutrient solution returns accurate fertile device of joining in marriage of liquid based on nutrient element which characterized in that includes:
the liquid return storage unit comprises m liquid return storage barrels and a liquid return temporary storage barrel (11), a water outlet of each liquid return storage barrel is communicated with a water inlet of the liquid return temporary storage barrel (11), and m electric gate valves, a pump A (9) and a loop ion detection device (10) are arranged on a communication pipeline; a liquid level sensor C is arranged in each liquid return storage barrel, and a liquid level sensor A is arranged in each liquid return temporary storage barrel 11;
a water inlet A of the fertilizer mixing barrel (13) is communicated with a water outlet of the liquid return temporary storage barrel (11), and a fourteenth electromagnetic proportional valve (12) and a pump H (54) are arranged on a communication pipeline; a liquid level sensor B is arranged in the fertilizer mixing barrel (13);
the fertilizer storage unit comprises n fertilizer barrels, each fertilizer barrel is communicated with a water inlet B of the mixed fertilizer barrel (13), and n electromagnetic proportional valves and a pump G (30) are arranged on a communication pipeline; the n fertilizer barrels comprise at least one fertilizer barrel for storing acid and at least one fertilizer barrel for storing alkali, and the rest fertilizer barrels store inorganic salt;
and the controller is used for receiving signals of the liquid level sensor C, the liquid level sensor A and the liquid level sensor B and controlling the working states of the electric gate valve, the pump A (9), the fourteenth electromagnetic proportional valve (12), the pump H (54), the electromagnetic proportional valve and the pump G (30).
2. The greenhouse nutrient solution returns liquid accurate fertile device of joining in marriage of claim 1, characterized by, further includes:
the liquid storage unit comprises p liquid storage barrels, the water outlet of the fertilizer mixing barrel (13) is communicated with the water inlet of the liquid storage barrel through a main pipeline, a pump B (14) and a second electromagnetic proportional valve (23) are sequentially arranged on a communicating pipeline, the water outlet of each liquid storage barrel is connected into each irrigation branch pipeline through a pump, and each irrigation branch pipeline is provided with an electric gate valve; an electric gate valve is still connected to the water inlet of every stock solution bucket, and is equipped with level sensor D in the stock solution bucket, level sensor D gives the controller with signal transmission, and the operating condition of pump on controller control pump B (14), second electromagnetism proportional valve (23), electric gate valve and the irrigation branch pipeline.
3. The greenhouse nutrient solution return accurate fertilizer preparation device according to claim 1, wherein a loop ion detection device (10) is further arranged on a communication pipeline between the water outlet of the return storage barrel and the water inlet of the return temporary storage barrel (11), and the loop ion detection device (10) is composed of N, P, K, ga, mg, S, EC and ph sensors and is used for detecting the nutrient element ion content, EC and ph value of the solution in the pipeline before fertilizer preparation.
4. The greenhouse nutrient solution return liquid accurate fertilizer preparation device according to claim 2, wherein a main circuit ion detection device (16) is further arranged on the main pipeline, and the main circuit ion detection device (16) is composed of N, P, K, ga, mg, S, EC and ph sensors and is used for detecting the ion content of nutrient elements, EC and ph value of the solution in the pipeline after fertilizer preparation.
5. The greenhouse nutrient solution return liquid precise fertilizer preparation device according to claim 2, wherein a pressure sensor (15) is further arranged on the main pipeline and used for detecting the pressure of the nutrient solution in the pipeline and transmitting the pressure to the controller so as to control the working pressure of the pump B (14).
6. The greenhouse nutrient solution return liquid precise fertilizer preparation device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fertilizer mixing barrel (13) is communicated with a water source pipeline through a first electromagnetic proportional valve (53).
7. The greenhouse nutrient solution return liquid precise fertilizer preparation device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the n fertilizer barrels are communicated with a clean water pipeline.
8. A method for a greenhouse nutrient solution return accurate fertilizer preparation device based on any one of claims 1-7, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: determining the amount of secondary formula nutrient element ions, preparing nutrient solution in a fertilizer barrel, pumping the nutrient solution into a mixed fertilizer barrel (13), and pumping the recovered solution in the returned solution temporary storage barrel (11) into the mixed fertilizer barrel (13) for fertilizer preparation.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein the amount of the secondary formula nutrient ions is determined by:
selecting water-soluble inorganic salt used for preparing the fertilizer as NH 4 NO 3 、KH 2 PO 4 、K 2 SO 4 、KNO 3 、Ga(NO 3 ) 2 、GaCl 2 、MgSO 4 The acid and alkali used for preparing the fertilizer are H 3 PO 4 、H 2 SO 4 、HNO 3 NaOH, and the solution variable of each fertilizer is defined as x 1 、x 2 、x 3 、x 4 、x 5 、x 11 、x 6 、x 10 、x 7 、x 8 And x 9 (ii) a The ion contents corresponding to N, K, ca, mg, P and S in the standard solution are respectively A, B, C, D, E and F, the ion contents corresponding to N, K, ca, mg, P and S in the recovered solution are respectively a, B, C, D, E and F, and the secondary formula is to separate each nutrient element in the standard solutionSubtracting the ion concentration of each nutrient element in the recovery liquid from the concentration of the seed;
determining x from an ion recipe 1 And x 9 Value of (1), i.e. NH 4 + The amount of NaOH;
based on the selected inorganic salt and the defined solution variables, if
Let x be 11 =0, from x 5 d 0 = D-D solving for x 5 I.e. determination of Ga 2+ The amount of (a); if it is
By
And x 5 d 0 +x 11 d 0 Determination of Ga by = D-D 2+ The amount of (c);
from x 6 e 0 = E-E solving for x 6 I.e. determination of Mg 2+ The amount of (c);
let x 3 、x 4 If not =0
According to x 2 c 0 +2x 3 c 0 +x 4 c 0 = C-C and x 2 b 0 +x 10 b 0 = B-B finding x 2 、x 10 I.e. determining PO 4 3- The amount of (c); if it is
Let x be 10 =0, from x 2 b 0 +x 10 b 0 = B-B finding x 2 To thereby determine PO 4 3- The amount of (c);
according to x 2 c 0 +2x 3 c 0 +x 4 c 0 ＝C-c、x 6 f 0 +x 3 f 0 = F-F and x 1 k+x 4 k+2x 5 k+x 8 k = A-a, and x is obtained 3 、x 4 、x 8 Of, i.e. determining K + 、NO 3 - The amount of (c);
from x 6 f 0 +x 3 f 0 +x 7 f 0 Not less than F-F and x 7 ＝{minx 7 |x 7 f 0 -x 6 f 0 -x 3 f 0 Determining x 7 I.e. SO 4 2- The amount of (a);
wherein: a is 0 Represents NH 4 + Molar mass of b 0 Represents PO 4 3- Molar mass of (c) 0 Represents K + Molar content of (d) 0 Represents Ga 2+ Molar mass of e 0 Represents Mg 2+ Molar mass of (b), f 0 Represents SO 4 2- K represents NO 3 - I is
And NH 4 + The mass ratio of (a).
10. The method of claim 8, further comprising: after fertilizer preparation is finished, fertilizer in the fertilizer mixing barrel (13) is pumped into the liquid storage barrel, and irrigation is realized by controlling pumps and electric gate valves on the irrigation branch pipelines.
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| CN203761830U (en) * | 2014-03-25 | 2014-08-13 | 南京农业大学 | Intelligent greenhouse soilless cultivation fertilizer water irrigation system |
| CN111217639A (en) * | 2020-01-18 | 2020-06-02 | 江苏绿港现代农业发展有限公司 | Multi-element qualitative and quantitative fertilizer preparation device and method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN203761830U (en) * | 2014-03-25 | 2014-08-13 | 南京农业大学 | Intelligent greenhouse soilless cultivation fertilizer water irrigation system |
| CN111217639A (en) * | 2020-01-18 | 2020-06-02 | 江苏绿港现代农业发展有限公司 | Multi-element qualitative and quantitative fertilizer preparation device and method |
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