CN115224495A

CN115224495A - Bipyramid phased array antenna

Info

Publication number: CN115224495A
Application number: CN202210972516.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘晓; 敦书波; 王鹏飞; 宋庆辉; 姜海玲; 朱海波; 张海福; 李思瑶; 余贤
Original assignee: CETC 54 Research Institute
Current assignee: CETC 54 Research Institute
Priority date: 2022-08-15
Filing date: 2022-08-15
Publication date: 2022-10-21

Abstract

The invention discloses a biconical phased array antenna, and belongs to the technical field of antennas. The coaxial waveguide feed line comprises a biconical horn, a quasi-coaxial waveguide and a feed port layer, wherein the biconical horn, the quasi-coaxial waveguide and the feed port layer are sequentially arranged from top to bottom; the double-cone horn is composed of an upper cone frustum-shaped metal structure and a lower cone frustum-shaped metal structure, wherein the upper cone frustum is connected with an inner conductor of the quasi-coaxial waveguide, and the lower cone frustum is connected with an outer conductor of the quasi-coaxial waveguide. All feed ports of the coaxial waveguide-like cavity share one biconical horn and the coaxial waveguide-like cavity, and the coaxial waveguide-like cavity is simple and compact in structure and easy to machine.

Description

Bipyramid phased array antenna

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of antennas, in particular to a biconical phased array antenna.

Background

With the rapid development of video transmission applications, more and higher requirements are continuously put on transmission networks. Particularly, in a modern battlefield environment, real-time dynamic response in a high maneuvering state needs to be realized while large data transmission such as real-time dynamic images and three-dimensional mapping information is realized, so that the antenna needs to have the characteristics of wide bandwidth, flexible beam scanning, multiple beams, wide scanning range and the like so as to realize high-speed stable transmission of point-to-point or point-to-multipoint.

The traditional phased array antenna is generally arranged in a plane, the scanning angle is limited, and the requirement of 360-degree beam scanning cannot be met. In order to meet the above requirements, a planar array is usually arranged in a polyhedron form as a basic unit to realize omnidirectional surface beam scanning, but the structure has high requirements on assembly precision and is complex, so that an omnidirectional surface beam scanning phased array which is easy to process and assemble and has a simple and compact structure is urgently needed to be developed.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the present invention provides a biconical phased array antenna. All feed ports of the antenna share one biconical horn and a similar coaxial waveguide cavity, and the antenna is simple and compact in structure and easy to process.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

a biconical phased-array antenna comprises a biconical horn, a quasi-coaxial waveguide and a feed port layer, wherein the biconical horn, the quasi-coaxial waveguide and the feed port layer are sequentially arranged from top to bottom; the double-cone horn is composed of an upper cone-shaped metal structure and a lower cone-shaped metal structure, the upper cone is connected with an inner conductor of the quasi-coaxial waveguide, and the lower cone is connected with an outer conductor of the quasi-coaxial waveguide.

Furthermore, the necking ends of the upper cone table and the lower cone table of the double-cone horn are opposite, a horn mouth is formed between the outer wall surfaces of the upper cone table and the lower cone table, and the horn mouth is communicated with the quasi-coaxial waveguide cavity.

Furthermore, the quasi-coaxial waveguide is composed of an inner conductor and an outer conductor, the main body is of a frustum structure with a large upper part and a small lower part, the lowest end of the main body is of a cylindrical structure, and an annular metal waveguide cavity is formed between the inner conductor and the outer conductor.

Furthermore, the bottom of the annular metal waveguide cavity is in a closed state, and a short-circuit wall is formed by a metal ring.

Furthermore, the feed port layer is positioned on the outer wall of the lower end cylindrical structure of the quasi-coaxial waveguide and is composed of a circle of radio frequency sockets which are uniformly distributed around the quasi-coaxial waveguide, an outer conductor of each socket is connected with an outer conductor of the quasi-coaxial waveguide, and an inner conductor extends into the cavity of the coaxial waveguide.

The invention adopts the technical scheme to produce the beneficial effects that:

1. the invention makes the antenna structure more simple and compact and easy to process by sharing one waveguide cavity and the double-cone horn through the multiple feed ports.

2. The invention adopts the quasi-coaxial waveguide, and the air medium is arranged in the cavity, thereby reducing the transmission loss and improving the radiation efficiency.

3. The distance between the feed ports is set to be larger than 1/2 of the wavelength corresponding to the lowest frequency, so that the coupling effect between the ports is weakened, and the performance of the antenna is ensured.

4. The invention can realize 360-degree scanning of antenna beams on an omnibearing plane by arranging a plurality of feed ports and adjusting the amplitude phase of the excitation signal.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a biconic phased array antenna in an embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 2 is a layout diagram of the feed ports in the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a standing wave plot of an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a beam scan pattern of an embodiment of the invention.

In the figure: 1. a biconical horn, 2, a quasi-coaxial waveguide, 3 and a feed port layer.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings of the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.

Furthermore, the necking ends of the upper frustum and the lower frustum of the biconical horn are opposite, a horn mouth is formed between the outer wall surfaces of the upper frustum and the lower frustum, and the horn mouth is communicated with the coaxial-like waveguide cavity.

The following is a more specific example:

referring to fig. 1, a biconical phased array antenna sequentially includes, from top to bottom: a biconical horn, a quasi-coaxial waveguide and a feed port layer.

The biconical horn is composed of an upper frustum and a lower frustum which are of metal structures, the upper frustum is connected with an inner conductor of the quasi-coaxial waveguide, the lower frustum is connected with an outer conductor of the quasi-coaxial waveguide, the flare angle of the horn mouth is 45 degrees, and the length of the horn mouth is 60mm.

The coaxial waveguide is composed of an inner conductor and an outer conductor, the main body is in a frustum shape with a large upper part and a small lower part, the lowest end of the main body is cylindrical, the diameter of the lower end of the inner conductor is 200mm, the diameter of the upper end of the inner conductor is 270mm, the diameter of the lower end of the outer conductor is 216mm, and the diameter of the upper end of the outer conductor is 286mm. An annular metal waveguide cavity is formed between the inner conductor and the outer conductor, the thickness of the metal waveguide cavity is generally designed to be smaller than 1/2 of the wavelength corresponding to the highest working frequency, and the thickness of the cavity in the embodiment is 8mm.

The bottom of the annular metal waveguide cavity is in a closed state, a short-circuit wall of the annular metal waveguide cavity is formed by a metal ring, and the upper part of the cavity is communicated with the biconical horn mouth.

The feed port layer is positioned on the cylindrical part of the quasi-coaxial waveguide and is formed by evenly distributing 32 radio frequency sockets around the quasi-coaxial waveguide, an outer conductor of each socket is connected with an outer conductor of the quasi-coaxial waveguide, an inner conductor extends into the cavity of the coaxial waveguide, the extending length of the inner conductor is 5mm, and the distance between the inner conductor and the bottom of the waveguide cavity is 7mm.

The antenna profile is shown in fig. 1, and the antenna feed ports are distributed as shown in fig. 2. As can be seen from FIG. 3, the standing-wave ratio of the antenna is less than 2.5 in the frequency band of 11GHz to 16 GHz.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and all modifications made within the scope of the claims of the present invention should be equally varied and covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A biconical phased array antenna comprises a biconical horn, a quasi-coaxial waveguide and a feed port layer, and is characterized in that the biconical horn, the quasi-coaxial waveguide and the feed port layer are sequentially arranged from top to bottom; the double-cone horn is composed of an upper cone frustum-shaped metal structure and a lower cone frustum-shaped metal structure, wherein the upper cone frustum is connected with an inner conductor of the quasi-coaxial waveguide, and the lower cone frustum is connected with an outer conductor of the quasi-coaxial waveguide.

2. The dual-cone phased array antenna according to claim 1, wherein the tapered ends of the upper and lower cones of said dual-cone horn are facing each other, and a horn mouth is formed between the outer wall surfaces of the upper and lower cones, said horn mouth being in communication with the quasi-coaxial waveguide cavity.

3. A biconical phased array antenna as claimed in claim 1, wherein the quasi-coaxial waveguide comprises an inner conductor and an outer conductor, the main body has a frustum structure with a large upper part and a small lower part, the lowest end has a cylindrical structure, and an annular metal waveguide cavity is formed between the inner conductor and the outer conductor.

4. A biconical phased array antenna as claimed in claim 3, wherein said annular metal waveguide cavity is closed at the bottom and comprises a short circuit wall formed by a metal ring.

5. A biconical phased array antenna as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the feed port layer is located on the outer wall of the lower end cylindrical structure of the quasi-coaxial waveguide and is formed by a ring of a plurality of radio frequency sockets uniformly distributed around the quasi-coaxial waveguide, the outer conductor of the sockets being connected to the outer conductor of the quasi-coaxial waveguide, the inner conductor extending into the cavity of the coaxial waveguide.