CN114243304B - Two-unit all-metal Vivaldi circularly polarized antenna - Google Patents
Two-unit all-metal Vivaldi circularly polarized antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN114243304B CN114243304B CN202111463833.8A CN202111463833A CN114243304B CN 114243304 B CN114243304 B CN 114243304B CN 202111463833 A CN202111463833 A CN 202111463833A CN 114243304 B CN114243304 B CN 114243304B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/24—Polarising devices; Polarisation filters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
- H01Q13/02—Waveguide horns
- H01Q13/0208—Corrugated horns
Abstract
The invention provides a two-unit all-metal Vivaldi circularly polarized antenna, which is formed by two Vivaldi antenna units which are placed in a crisscross manner and two coaxial feeds, wherein two arc-shaped openings are formed on two sides of a central axis of the two Vivaldi antenna units, a connector is arranged at the bottom of a longitudinal central axis, a gamma-shaped slot line is arranged between the connector and the arc-shaped opening, a rectangular reflecting cavity is arranged at the tail end of a transverse slot line of the gamma-shaped slot line, an inner conductor of the coaxial feed is connected with the upper surface of the transverse slot line of the gamma-shaped slot line on the Vivaldi antenna unit, and an outer conductor is connected with the bottom surface of the Vivaldi antenna unit. According to the invention, after the structure of the bottom connecting part of the Vivaldi antenna unit is changed, the Vivaldi circularly polarized antennas of the two units are realized, high power input is realized, the problem that the circular polarized radiation of the two all-metal Vivaldi antenna units is difficult to realize is solved, and the problem that the dielectric type Vivaldi antenna is difficult to bear the high power input is also solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wireless communication technology and an interference machine antenna, in particular to a high-power high-gain circularly polarized antenna.
Background
The Vivaldi antenna is a non-periodic, gradual-change and end-fire traveling wave antenna, and for a specific working frequency, only a region with a slot line width close to a wavelength can form effective radiation to space in the whole antenna structure, when the working frequency changes, the radiation region correspondingly changes, and the width of the slot line of the radiation region is proportional to the wavelength of the radiation. Vivaldi antennas generally introduce energy in the form of microstrip, stripline or coaxial transmission lines, through which electromagnetic waves radiate into free space.
The Vivaldi antenna has a very wide impedance bandwidth due to the specific gradual change slot line structure, and besides, the Vivaldi antenna has low side lobe and moderate gain.
However, the conventional Vivaldi antenna is generally a microstrip structure, the power loss is large, the bearable high power is small, and in addition, the feed structure of the circularly polarized all-metal Vivaldi antenna is always a design difficulty, so that the conventional design mainly utilizes four all-metal Vivaldi antenna units to be arranged into a cross shape, and the circularly polarized radiation can be realized.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a two-unit all-metal Vivaldi circularly polarized antenna. The two Vivaldi antenna units of the invention lead the occupied space of the antenna to be small and the weight to be light; all-metal Vivaldi antennas enable the antenna to withstand high power inputs.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a two-unit all-metal Vivaldi circularly polarized antenna comprises two Vivaldi antenna units which are placed in a crisscross mode and two coaxial feeds, wherein the two Vivaldi antenna units are different in that the positions of connectors on each unit are different.
The Vivaldi antenna unit is characterized in that an arc-shaped opening is formed in two sides of a longitudinal central axis of a metal plate through a cutting process, the arc-shaped opening is horn-shaped, the arc-shaped opening is not bottom, the width of the bottom is m, a connecting body is arranged at the bottom of the longitudinal central axis of the metal plate, one connecting body I of the Vivaldi antenna unit is arranged at the bottom of the central axis, the other connecting body II of the Vivaldi antenna unit is arranged above the central axis, the two connecting bodies are in non-contact in height, a gamma-shaped slot line is arranged between the connecting body and the arc-shaped opening, the gamma-shaped slot line connects the arc-shaped opening to the connecting body, namely the gamma-shaped slot line is longitudinally communicated with the arc-shaped opening and downwards and is connected with the connecting body, the width of the gamma-shaped slot line is m, the gamma-shaped slot line is arranged at the tail end of a transverse slot line on the metal plate, the bottom of the rectangular reflecting cavity is not communicated with the bottom of the metal plate, the transverse slot line is communicated with the rectangular reflecting cavity, the position, where the transverse slot line of the rectangular reflecting cavity is connected with the transverse slot line of the gamma-shaped slot line is the rectangular coaxial reflecting cavity, the midpoint of the long side of the gamma-shaped reflecting cavity is connected with the inner side of the gamma-shaped slot line, namely the gamma-shaped slot line is connected with the transverse conductor of the Vivaldi antenna unit, and the transverse slot line is connected with the transverse conductor of the transverse antenna unit.
The positions of the connectors on the two Vivaldi antenna units are different, the height difference between the lower surface of the second connector and the upper surface of the first connector is 0.01 times of the center wavelength to 0.02 times of the center wavelength, and the two Vivaldi antenna units are ensured not to intersect after being placed in a crisscross manner.
The Vivaldi antenna unit is copper, aluminum or steel metal.
The arc openings are all e exponential function curves and are in a horn shape.
When the two coaxial line feeds feed the respective Vivaldi antenna units, the two ports have equal amplitude and the phase difference is 90 degrees.
The e exponential function satisfied by the arc opening has a general formula of z= ± (ae) bx +c), where a, b, c are constants, good bandwidth performance can be achieved by software optimization.
The height of the connector is the same as the thickness of the Vivaldi antenna element.
The invention has the beneficial effect that after the structure of the connecting part at the bottom of the Vivaldi antenna unit is changed, the Vivaldi circularly polarized antenna of the two units can be realized. And a metal Vivaldi antenna unit is adopted, so that high-power input can be realized. The invention solves the problem that two all-metal Vivaldi antenna units are difficult to realize circular polarization radiation by changing the bottom connecting part of the Vivaldi antenna unit, and also solves the problem that a dielectric type Vivaldi antenna is difficult to bear high power input.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 shows an antenna unit 1 according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 shows an antenna unit 2 according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is an active standing wave diagram of an antenna port of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is an axial ratio diagram of an antenna of the present invention.
In the figure, a 1-Vivaldi antenna unit I, a 2-Vivaldi antenna unit II, a 3-coaxial feed I, a 4-coaxial feed II, a 5-gamma slot line, a 6-rectangular reflecting cavity, a 7-arc-shaped opening, an 8-connector I and a 9-connector II are shown.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the drawings and examples.
For the convenience of understanding of those skilled in the art, the two-unit all-metal Vivaldi circularly polarized antenna of the present invention will be explained in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
A two-unit all-metal Vivaldi circularly polarized antenna comprises two Vivaldi antenna units which are placed in a crisscross mode and two coaxial feeds, wherein the two Vivaldi antenna units are different in that the positions of connectors on each unit are different.
The Vivaldi antenna unit is characterized in that an arc-shaped opening is formed in two sides of a longitudinal central axis of a metal plate through a cutting process, the arc-shaped opening is horn-shaped, the arc-shaped opening is not bottom, the width of the bottom is m, a connecting body is arranged at the bottom of the longitudinal central axis of the metal plate, one connecting body I of the Vivaldi antenna unit is arranged at the bottom of the central axis, the other connecting body II of the Vivaldi antenna unit is arranged above the central axis, the two connecting bodies are in non-contact in height, a gamma-shaped slot line is arranged between the connecting body and the arc-shaped opening, the gamma-shaped slot line connects the arc-shaped opening to the connecting body, namely the gamma-shaped slot line is longitudinally communicated with the arc-shaped opening and downwards and is connected with the connecting body, the width of the gamma-shaped slot line is m, the gamma-shaped slot line is arranged at the tail end of a transverse slot line on the metal plate, the bottom of the rectangular reflecting cavity is not communicated with the bottom of the metal plate, the transverse slot line is communicated with the rectangular reflecting cavity, the position, where the transverse slot line of the rectangular reflecting cavity is connected with the transverse slot line of the gamma-shaped slot line is the rectangular coaxial reflecting cavity, the midpoint of the long side of the gamma-shaped reflecting cavity is connected with the inner side of the gamma-shaped slot line, namely the gamma-shaped slot line is connected with the transverse conductor of the Vivaldi antenna unit, and the transverse slot line is connected with the transverse conductor of the transverse antenna unit.
The positions of the connectors on the two Vivaldi antenna units are different, the distance between the lower surface of the connector (8) and the upper surface of the connector (9) is 0.01 times of the center wavelength to 0.02 times of the center wavelength, and the two Vivaldi antenna units are ensured not to intersect after being placed in a crisscross manner.
The Vivaldi antenna unit is made of copper, aluminum or steel.
The arc openings are all e exponential function curves and are in a horn shape.
As shown in fig. 1, the two-unit all-metal Vivaldi circularly polarized antenna comprises a Vivaldi antenna unit one (1), a Vivaldi antenna unit two (2), a coaxial line feed one (3) and a coaxial line feed two (4), wherein the Vivaldi antenna unit one (1) and the Vivaldi antenna unit two (2) are placed in a crisscross manner, the coaxial line feed one (3) feeds the Vivaldi antenna unit one (1), the coaxial line feed two (4) feeds the Vivaldi antenna unit two (2), and the two ports have equal amplitude and are different in phase.
An arc-shaped opening (5) symmetrical to the center of the Vivaldi antenna unit 1 is formed in the Vivaldi antenna unit I (1), the arc-shaped opening (5) is upwards in a horn shape, a rectangular reflecting cavity (6) is arranged at one side of the bottom of the Vivaldi antenna unit I (1), the rectangular reflecting cavity (6) is connected with the arc-shaped opening (5) through a gamma-shaped groove line (5), and a section connector (8) is arranged in the middle of the Vivaldi antenna unit I (1);
the Vivaldi antenna unit II (2) has the same structure as the Vivaldi antenna unit I (1) except that the positions of the connecting body (9) and the connecting body (8) are different, so that the connecting body (8) and the connecting body (9) are not contacted with each other after the cross is ensured. Since the connector (8) and the connector (9) are not in contact with each other, circular polarization can be achieved with the two-unit Vivaldi antenna.
With reference to fig. 2, a coordinate system is established on Vivaldi antenna element one (1), the wide side of the metal plate where the Vivaldi antenna is located is taken as an X-axis, the thickness is taken as a Y-axis, and the length is taken as a Z-axis.
The T-shaped groove line (5) is arranged at the bottom of the antenna, the positive X direction of the T-shaped groove line (5) is communicated with the rectangular reflecting cavity (6), the positive Z direction of the T-shaped groove line (5) is communicated with the arc-shaped opening (7), and the negative Z direction of the T-shaped groove line (5) is connected with the connecting body (8).
The arc opening (7) satisfies an e exponential function with the general formula of z= ± (ae) bx +c), where a, b, c are constants, good bandwidth performance can be achieved by software optimization.
The height of the connector in the Z-axis direction is the same as the thickness of the Vivaldi antenna unit in the Y-axis direction.
Referring to fig. 3, the Vivaldi antenna element two (2) has the same structure except that the positions of the connector (9) and the connector (8) on the Vivaldi antenna element one (1) are different. The difference is that the distance between the lower surface of the connector (8) and the upper surface of the connector (9) in the Z direction is 0.01 times to 0.02 times of the center wavelength, so that the Vivaldi antenna unit I (1) and the Vivaldi antenna unit II (2) are not overlapped after being placed in a crossed mode.
Fig. 4 is a standing wave diagram of the antenna port according to the present invention, and as can be seen from fig. 4, the standing wave of the antenna is less than 2 at 3.4GHz-4.3 GHz.
Fig. 5 is an axial ratio diagram of the antenna of the present invention, and as can be seen from fig. 5, the axial ratio of the antenna is less than 3 at 3.5GHz-4.3 GHz.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides an all metal Vivaldi circular polarization antenna of two units, includes two Vivaldi antenna elements and two coaxial feeds that cross placed, its characterized in that:
the two-unit all-metal Vivaldi circularly polarized antenna is characterized in that the positions of connectors on each unit are different;
the Vivaldi antenna unit is characterized in that an arc-shaped opening is formed in two sides of a longitudinal central axis of a metal plate through a cutting process, the arc-shaped opening is horn-shaped, the arc-shaped opening is not bottom, the width of the bottom is m, a connecting body is arranged at the bottom of the longitudinal central axis of the metal plate, one connecting body I of the Vivaldi antenna unit is arranged at the bottom of the central axis, the other connecting body II of the Vivaldi antenna unit is arranged above the central axis, the two connecting bodies are in non-contact in height, a gamma-shaped slot line is arranged between the connecting body and the arc-shaped opening, the gamma-shaped slot line connects the arc-shaped opening to the connecting body, namely the gamma-shaped slot line is longitudinally communicated with the arc-shaped opening and downwards and is connected with the connecting body, the width of the gamma-shaped slot line is m, the gamma-shaped slot line is arranged at the tail end of a transverse slot line on the metal plate, the bottom of the rectangular reflecting cavity is not communicated with the bottom of the metal plate, the transverse slot line is communicated with the rectangular reflecting cavity, the position, where the transverse slot line of the rectangular reflecting cavity is connected with the transverse slot line of the gamma-shaped slot line is the rectangular coaxial reflecting cavity, the midpoint of the long side of the gamma-shaped reflecting cavity is connected with the inner side of the gamma-shaped slot line, namely the gamma-shaped slot line is connected with the transverse conductor of the Vivaldi antenna unit, and the transverse slot line is connected with the transverse conductor of the transverse antenna unit.
2. The two-element all-metal Vivaldi circularly polarized antenna of claim 1, wherein:
the positions of the connectors on the two Vivaldi antenna units are different, the height difference between the lower surface of the second connector and the upper surface of the first connector is 0.01 times of the center wavelength to 0.02 times of the center wavelength, and the two Vivaldi antenna units are ensured not to intersect after being placed in a crisscross manner.
3. The two-element all-metal Vivaldi circularly polarized antenna of claim 1, wherein: the Vivaldi antenna unit is copper, aluminum or steel metal.
4. The two-element all-metal Vivaldi circularly polarized antenna of claim 1, wherein: the arc openings are all e exponential function curves and are in a horn shape.
5. The two-element all-metal Vivaldi circularly polarized antenna of claim 1, wherein: when the two coaxial feeds feed the respective Vivaldi antenna units, the two ports have equal amplitude and the phase difference is 90 degrees.
6. The two-element all-metal Vivaldi circularly polarized antenna of claim 4, wherein: the arc opening satisfies an e exponential function with a general formula of z= ± (aebx+c), wherein a, b, c are constants.
7. The two-element all-metal Vivaldi circularly polarized antenna of claim 1, wherein: the height of the connector is the same as the thickness of the Vivaldi antenna element.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111463833.8A CN114243304B (en) | 2021-12-03 | 2021-12-03 | Two-unit all-metal Vivaldi circularly polarized antenna |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202111463833.8A CN114243304B (en) | 2021-12-03 | 2021-12-03 | Two-unit all-metal Vivaldi circularly polarized antenna |
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| CN114243304A CN114243304A (en) | 2022-03-25 |
| CN114243304B true CN114243304B (en) | 2023-07-07 |
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