CN1152218C - Deep refrigerating method and equipment - Google Patents
Deep refrigerating method and equipment Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1152218C CN1152218C CNB021106649A CN02110664A CN1152218C CN 1152218 C CN1152218 C CN 1152218C CN B021106649 A CNB021106649 A CN B021106649A CN 02110664 A CN02110664 A CN 02110664A CN 1152218 C CN1152218 C CN 1152218C
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- condenser
- regenerator
- evaporator
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 7
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000005501 phase interface Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007792 gaseous phase Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 abstract description 28
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 abstract description 17
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 abstract description 16
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010726 refrigerant oil Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 16
- 230000009102 absorption Effects 0.000 description 12
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000004087 circulation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001007 puffing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000021715 photosynthesis, light harvesting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007701 flash-distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
- F25J1/0257—Construction and layout of liquefaction equipments, e.g. valves, machines
- F25J1/0262—Details of the cold heat exchange system
- F25J1/0264—Arrangement of heat exchanger cores in parallel with different functions, e.g. different cooling streams
- F25J1/0265—Arrangement of heat exchanger cores in parallel with different functions, e.g. different cooling streams comprising cores associated exclusively with the cooling of a refrigerant stream, e.g. for auto-refrigeration or economizer
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
- F25J1/0047—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle
- F25J1/0052—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle by vaporising a liquid refrigerant stream
- F25J1/0055—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle by vaporising a liquid refrigerant stream originating from an incorporated cascade
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention discloses a deep refrigerating method and a device thereof. The deep refrigerating method uses a fractionating method; multiple portions of mixed refrigerant and lubricating oil in the compression type refrigeration are divided into two or more than two fluid mixtures with different concentration, wherein the high concentration fluid of the lubricating oil and the high boiling point refrigerant is depressurized to be used for cooling the high concentration fluid of the low boiling point refrigerant; finally, the cooled highest concentration fluid part of the low boiling point refrigerant is depressurized to be used for cooling external objects to realize the refrigeration with wide temperature ranges from environment to low temperature. The deep refrigerating device of the present invention has the advantages of simple structure, high efficiency, reliable operation, long service life, etc.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of deep refrigerating device of realizing in the wide temperature range from the environment temperature to low temperature.
Background technology
The cooling of different temperatures or freezing, closely related with national economy and people's lives.Particularly lower freezing of temperature has purposes very widely in industries such as electronics, communication, biology, medicine, chemical industry, food, material and processing.The method of traditional realization cryogenic refrigeration is that the employing overlapping is a refrigerating plant.This class refrigerating plant utilizes two or more kind of refrigeration cycle to stack up, different cold-producing mediums is adopted in the circulation of different cryogenic temperatures, each circulates with a compressor, adopt condenser/evaporator to be connected between high low temperature circulation, also will adopt expansion vessel and oil separating device very efficiently in low temperature circulation, so system is very complicated.Because the separation to lubricating oil is very difficult, at low temperatures, lubricating oil will solidify, thereby makes pipeline blockage in the system, so the operation stability of this class device is very poor, and service life is short.
Throttling refrigeration technology of the polynary mix refrigerant that grew up has in recent years avoided adopting the problem of a plurality of compressors, but the problem of lubricating oil and inefficient problem still do not solve.
The more refrigeration machine that is based on the making of Kleemenko circulation theory of research recently.This class refrigeration machine adopts one or several flash vessel or fractional condensation separator, attempts to separate lubricating oil and high lower boiling cold-producing medium, and between each this separator one or several heat exchanger is housed.As everyone knows, no matter be that flash distillation or fractional condensation separate, it all is the low-down separation method of separative efficiency, they all can not provide enough allowing conduct heat between each component cold-producing medium and the lubricating oil space (contact area) and time (vapour-liquid contacts the time of staying) with mass transfer, thereby can not reach the purpose of efficient separation.Therefore, the oil eliminator of in these methods, all having to use.Use oil eliminator, not only when oil return, to allow a large amount of high-pressure refrigerants follow lubricating oil just not returning compressor before the refrigeration, cause energy dissipation, reduce cycle efficieny, and more seriously, do not have separated less amount of lubrication oil still can be brought to the low temperature part of refrigeration system, accumulate over a long period, will cause the obstruction of system, influence the service life of system.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of deep refrigerating device.
The deep refrigerating device has regenerator, regenerator has three outlets and four inlets, rectifying column has a bottom inlet, an outlet at bottom, a middle part liquid phase interface, a top liquid phase interface, a top gaseous phase outlet, first main part is equipped with in inside, second main part, first condenser/evaporator, second condenser/evaporator, be respectively outlet at bottom in the rectifying column from bottom to top, bottom inlet, first main part, middle part liquid phase interface, first condenser/evaporator, second main part, top liquid phase interface, second condenser/evaporator, the top gaseous phase outlet, the primary outlet of regenerator is connected with the inlet of refrigeration compressor, the outlet of refrigeration compressor is connected with the cooler inlet, the outlet of cooler is connected with the rectifying column bottom inlet, the rectifying column outlet at bottom is connected with first inlet of regenerator, second outlet of regenerator is connected with first throttle element inlet, the outlet of first throttle element is connected with the inlet of first condenser/evaporator, the outlet of first condenser/evaporator is connected with second inlet of regenerator, the 3rd inlet of regenerator is connected with the middle part liquid phase interface of rectifying column, the 3rd outlet of regenerator is connected with second restricting element inlet, the outlet of second restricting element is connected with second condenser/evaporator inlet, the outlet of second condenser/evaporator is connected with the 4th inlet of regenerator, the top liquid phase interface of rectifying column is connected with the inlet of the 3rd restricting element, the outlet of the 3rd restricting element is connected with an inlet of main condenser evaporimeter, the top gaseous phase outlet of rectifying column is connected with another inlet of main condenser evaporimeter, an outlet of main condenser evaporimeter is connected with the 4th inlet of regenerator, another outlet of main condenser evaporimeter is connected with an inlet of subcooler, another inlet of subcooler is connected with the outlet of evaporimeter, an outlet of subcooler is connected with the inlet of the 4th restricting element, the outlet of the 4th restricting element is connected with the inlet of evaporimeter, and another outlet of subcooler is connected with the outlet of the 3rd restricting element.
The present invention is owing to adopted the method for rectifying, high lower boiling cold-producing medium is effectively separated, the component that lubricated wet goods will solidify is at low temperatures separated efficiently, make them not be brought into the low temperature part of system, the pipeline and/or the obstruction of restricting element and the decline of heat exchange effect that cause owing to solidifying of they, the operation stability and the service life of having improved system have been avoided.Simultaneously, because do not need to use oil eliminator, avoided returning the energy dissipation that compressor causes with lubricating oil without the high-pressure refrigerant of refrigeration.In addition,, make the energy of various grades obtain good recovery, improved the efficient of system greatly because system has adopted heat exchangers such as regenerator and subcooler.The deep refrigerating device that the present invention realizes has simple in structure, and the efficient height is particularly reliable, long service life.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the deep refrigerating apparatus structure schematic diagram that adopts two stage rectification;
Fig. 2 is the deep refrigerating apparatus structure schematic diagram that adopts three grades of rectifying;
Fig. 3 is a refrigerating plant structural representation of realizing a plurality of different temperatures in a refrigeration system.
The specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, from the low pressure multicomponent mix refrigerant gas of regenerator 4 by 1 compression of oil lubrication refrigeration compressor after, enter cooler 2 cooling heat releases with the lubricating oil steam from compressor on a small quantity, enter rectifying column 3 bottoms again; , be rich in the liquefied mixture sinking bottom of higher boiling cold-producing medium and lubricating oil here, gas phase partly rises and enters rectifying column first main part 11.It is cold excessively that the liquefied mixture of bottom is introduced into regenerator 4 heat releases, enters 6 heat absorptions of first condenser/evaporator behind restricting element 5 puffings, enters then and get back to compressor after regenerator 4 absorbs heat again.Gas phase mixture rising in rectifying column first main part 11 enters first condenser/evaporator 6 and is cooled, thereby part refrigerant vapour and lubricating oil steam become liquid, and the content of low boiling component is than the amount of components having low boiling points height in the rectifying column bottom liquid in these liquid.These liquid, a part flows into the phegma of rectifying column first main part 11 as distillation process, carry out the caloic exchange with the gas phase mixture that rises therein, make high boiling component and lubricating oil steam content in the gas phase more and more lower, the low boiling component amount of refrigerant in the phegma is fewer and feweri.It is cold excessively that another part liquid in first condenser/evaporator 6 is drawn out in the regenerator 4 heat release, enters 9 heat absorptions of second condenser/evaporator behind restricting element 8 puffings, enters then and get back to compressor after regenerator 4 absorbs heat again.The admixture of gas that is not condensed into liquid in first condenser/evaporator 6 continues to rise through rectifying column second main part 12, entering second condenser/evaporator 9 is cooled, thereby part refrigerant vapour and very small amount of lubricating oil steam become liquid, and the content of low boiling component is than the amount of components having low boiling points height in first condenser/evaporator, 6 liquid in these liquid.Liquid in second condenser/evaporator 9, a part flows into the phegma of rectifying column second main part 12 as distillation process, carry out the caloic exchange with the gas phase mixture that rises therein, high boiling component and lubricating oil steam content in the gas phase are further reduced, and the low boiling component amount of refrigerant in the phegma reduces gradually and enters at last in first condenser/evaporator 6.Another part liquid in second condenser/evaporator 9 is drawn after restricting element 13 decompressional expansions, through 14 heat absorptions of main condenser evaporimeter, gets back to compressor again after regenerator 4 heat absorptions.In second condenser/evaporator 9, do not condensed in the admixture of gas that is rich in low boiling point refrigerant of liquid, contained lubricating oil hardly, be introduced into heat release in the main condenser evaporimeter 14, partly or entirely be condensed into liquid, it is cold excessively to enter subcooler 15 further heat releases again, behind restricting element 16 puffings, in evaporimeter 17, absorb heat then, thus the purpose of realization refrigeration.The low-temperature refrigerant that comes out from evaporimeter 17, is got back to compressor 1 again, thereby is finished whole circulations again through 14 heat absorptions of main condenser evaporimeter through subcooler 15 heat absorptions after regenerator 4 heat absorptions.
Above-mentioned said compressor 1 is a common refrigeration compressor with oil lubrication, and its effect is that low pressure refrigerant is compressed rising pressure.
Cold-producing medium be number of components more than or equal to 2, and less than 10 mixed non-azeotropic refrigerant, each pure component can be selected from following cold-producing medium: R600a, R152a, R134a, R143a, R32, R23, R170, R50, R1150, and one or several component in the atmospheric gas.
Cooler 2 is a heat exchanger, its role is to, and cold-producing medium is emitted heat therein, and heat-absorbing medium can be normal-temperature water or air or other fluids.
Restricting element 5 is a decompressor, and its effect is to make the high-pressure refrigerant decompression.It can be one section capillary, also can be the valve of automatic or manual, or their combination.
Restricting element 8 is a decompressor, and its effect is to make the high-pressure refrigerant decompression.It can be one section capillary, also can be the valve of automatic or manual, or their combination.
Restricting element 13 is a decompressor, and its effect is to make the high-pressure refrigerant decompression.It can be one section capillary, also can be the valve of automatic or manual, or their combination.
Restricting element 16 is a decompressor, and its effect is to make the high-pressure refrigerant decompression.It can be one section capillary, also can be the valve of automatic or manual, or their combination.
Rectifying column first main body 11 is a combiner, is made up of at least one porous plate and filler or a plurality of porous plate that separates each other that can carry out the caloic exchange, and room and time that provides vapour-liquid phase mixture fluid to carry out the caloic exchange is provided for it.
Rectifying column second main body 12 is a combiner, is made up of at least one porous plate and filler or a plurality of porous plate that separates each other that can carry out the caloic exchange, and room and time that provides vapour-liquid phase mixture fluid to carry out the caloic exchange is provided for it.
First condenser/evaporator 6 is a combiner, and the one side is the heat absorption of low-pressure low-temperature cold-producing medium, and its opposite side is that higher pressure refrigerant gas is cooled or the condensation heat release, and condensate liquid is divided into two parts therein.
Second condenser/evaporator 9 is a combiner, and the one side is the heat absorption of low-pressure low-temperature cold-producing medium, and its opposite side is that higher pressure refrigerant gas is cooled or the condensation heat release, and condensate liquid is divided into two parts therein.
As shown in Figure 2, in this scheme, owing to increased a rectification cell, its result will make lubricating oil more thoroughly separated, and the low boiling point refrigerant concentration that is used for last refrigeration will be higher, therefore can be used to the lower occasion of cryogenic temperature.
As shown in Figure 3, compare with Fig. 2 scheme, in this scheme, the low-temperature refrigerant that comes out from first condenser/evaporator 31, second condenser/evaporator 32 and the 3rd condenser/evaporator 33 is not to be introduced directly into regenerator 23, but, allow them earlier respectively by behind the heat exchanger 42,43,44, enter regenerator 23 again.Heat exchanger 42,43 and 44 opposite side just can be used for cooling off other objects.Because refrigerant concentration difference in these heat exchangers, therefore, though under uniform pressure, their cryogenic temperature is different, thereby has realized the refrigeration of a plurality of different temperatures in a refrigeration system.
Claims (1)
1. deep refrigerating device, it is characterized in that it has regenerator (4), regenerator has three outlets and four inlets, rectifying column (3) has a bottom inlet, an outlet at bottom, a middle part liquid phase interface, a top liquid phase interface, a top gaseous phase outlet, first main part (11) is equipped with in inside, second main part (12), first condenser/evaporator (6), second condenser/evaporator (9), be respectively outlet at bottom in the rectifying column from bottom to top, bottom inlet, first main part (11), middle part liquid phase interface, first condenser/evaporator (6), second main part (12), top liquid phase interface, second condenser/evaporator (9), the top gaseous phase outlet, the primary outlet of regenerator (4) is connected with the inlet of refrigeration compressor (1), the outlet of refrigeration compressor (1) is connected with cooler (2) inlet, the outlet of cooler (2) is connected with rectifying column (3) bottom inlet, rectifying column (3) outlet at bottom is connected with first inlet of regenerator (4), second outlet of regenerator (4) is connected with first throttle element (5) inlet, the outlet of first throttle element (5) is connected with the inlet of first condenser/evaporator (6), the outlet of first condenser/evaporator (6) is connected with second inlet of regenerator (4), the 3rd inlet of regenerator (4) is connected with the middle part liquid phase interface of rectifying column, the 3rd outlet of regenerator (4) is connected with second restricting element (8) inlet, the outlet of second restricting element (8) is connected with second condenser/evaporator (9) inlet, the outlet of second condenser/evaporator (9) is connected with the 4th inlet of regenerator (4), the top liquid phase interface of rectifying column is connected with the inlet of the 3rd restricting element (13), the outlet of the 3rd restricting element (13) is connected with an inlet of main condenser evaporimeter (14), the top gaseous phase outlet of rectifying column (3) is connected with another inlet of main condenser evaporimeter (14), an outlet of main condenser evaporimeter (14) is connected with the 4th inlet of regenerator (4), another outlet of main condenser evaporimeter (14) is connected with an inlet of subcooler (15), another inlet of subcooler (15) is connected with the outlet of evaporimeter (17), an outlet of subcooler (15) is connected with the inlet of the 4th restricting element (16), the outlet of the 4th restricting element (16) is connected with the inlet of evaporimeter (17), and another outlet of subcooler (15) is connected with the outlet of the 3rd restricting element (13).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB021106649A CN1152218C (en) | 2002-01-25 | 2002-01-25 | Deep refrigerating method and equipment |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB021106649A CN1152218C (en) | 2002-01-25 | 2002-01-25 | Deep refrigerating method and equipment |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1363815A CN1363815A (en) | 2002-08-14 |
| CN1152218C true CN1152218C (en) | 2004-06-02 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB021106649A Expired - Fee Related CN1152218C (en) | 2002-01-25 | 2002-01-25 | Deep refrigerating method and equipment |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN1152218C (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115468327A (en) * | 2022-09-20 | 2022-12-13 | 河南科技大学 | Self-overlapping refrigerating system with grading dephlegmator |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100357674C (en) * | 2006-01-20 | 2007-12-26 | 天津商学院 | Water-cooling inside superposed refrigerating system |
| CN101893343B (en) * | 2010-06-24 | 2012-08-15 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | Multi-element mixed working medium throttling refrigerator with deeply separated refrigerant and lubricating oil |
| CN102147162B (en) * | 2011-03-16 | 2012-06-27 | 浙江大学 | Rectifying type variation-concentration self-overlaying gas liquefaction system |
| CN102255003B (en) * | 2011-08-12 | 2013-08-07 | 保定维特瑞光电能源科技有限公司 | Closed self-circulation conductive radiator liquid for solar photovoltaic module and preparation method for radiator liquid |
| CN102818395B (en) * | 2012-07-23 | 2014-06-25 | 浙江大学 | Mixed working medium cold convertor for profound hypothermia |
| CN114034160B (en) * | 2021-12-14 | 2023-03-24 | 郑州大学 | Novel two-stage rectification self-cascade natural gas liquefaction system and control method thereof |
-
2002
- 2002-01-25 CN CNB021106649A patent/CN1152218C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115468327A (en) * | 2022-09-20 | 2022-12-13 | 河南科技大学 | Self-overlapping refrigerating system with grading dephlegmator |
| CN115468327B (en) * | 2022-09-20 | 2023-09-15 | 河南科技大学 | Self-cascade refrigeration system with grading and dephlegmator |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1363815A (en) | 2002-08-14 |
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