CN115219400B - Sustained-release membrane water permeability detection device and test method - Google Patents
Sustained-release membrane water permeability detection device and test method Download PDFInfo
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- CN115219400B CN115219400B CN202210936613.0A CN202210936613A CN115219400B CN 115219400 B CN115219400 B CN 115219400B CN 202210936613 A CN202210936613 A CN 202210936613A CN 115219400 B CN115219400 B CN 115219400B
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 145
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 238000013268 sustained release Methods 0.000 title claims description 9
- 239000012730 sustained-release form Substances 0.000 title claims description 9
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 title abstract description 31
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 5
- 239000002274 desiccant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 5
- 241001247900 Marsdenia Species 0.000 description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920005372 Plexiglas® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000015816 nutrient absorption Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920000620 organic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
- G01N15/0806—Details, e.g. sample holders, mounting samples for testing
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
- G01N15/082—Investigating permeability by forcing a fluid through a sample
- G01N15/0826—Investigating permeability by forcing a fluid through a sample and measuring fluid flow rate, i.e. permeation rate or pressure change
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a slow-release film water permeability detection device and a test method, and belongs to the technical field of water permeability detection. The fixing device in the detection device comprises a vertical support, wherein the vertical support comprises a vertical rod and a Margaret support which is connected to the vertical rod and has an adjustable height on the vertical rod, and the Margaret is connected to the Margaret support; the water supply device comprises a Marshall bottle and a water receiver, the bottom of the Marshall bottle is connected with the water receiver through a connecting hose, the film clamping device comprises an upper movable flange and a lower fixed flange, the upper movable flange is communicated with the water receiver, and the top of the measuring device is fixed on the bottom surface of the lower fixed flange. The liquid level in the water reservoir is flexibly controlled by means of the vertical support, so that the water permeability pressure born by the slow release membrane is regulated. The invention solves the problems that the water head pressure on the surface of the membrane is unstable, the gas generated by the water absorption of the drying agent cannot be discharged, and the like, can accurately judge the water permeability threshold of the slow-release membrane, further calculates the water permeability of the slow-release membrane, and has convenient use and accurate and reliable measurement result.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of water permeability detection, and particularly relates to a slow-release film water permeability detection device and a test method.
Background
The coated slow-release fertilizer is a novel fertilizer which is prepared by coating a layer of low-water-solubility or slightly-solubility inorganic matters or organic polymers on the surface of fertilizer particles to enable a core fertilizer to be slowly released through micropores and cracks of a coating, so that the dissolubility of nutrients is changed, the release of the nutrients is prolonged or controlled, and the release rule of the nutrients and the nutrient absorption of crops are basically synchronous. Nutrient release is a direct measure for measuring the effectiveness of the coated slow-release fertilizer, and the most main and direct factors influencing the nutrient release are moisture, temperature and the properties of the membrane material, so that the method has important practical value for measuring the water permeability of the slow-release membrane.
The water permeability of the slow-release film shows that the speed of water vapor entering the film to dissolve internal nutrients is an important index for measuring the physical properties of the film. The factors influencing the water permeability of the slow-release membrane mainly comprise a test water head, the thickness of the membrane, the effective measurement area of the membrane, the measurement time interval, the mass increment of silica gel before and after water permeation and the like.
The traditional measuring method is to fill the flat-mouth container with the desiccant, seal the flat-mouth container with a film, hold the fixing device to prevent water leakage, and place the flat-mouth container under water. The method directly affects the fixed state of the membrane, when the drying agent contacts water, particles absorb water and expand, generated gas cannot be discharged, so that the pressure inside and outside the membrane is unbalanced, the manual starting operation process is complex, the water head is unstable, and the measuring precision is affected.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a slow-release film water permeability detection device and a test method, which are used for accurately measuring the water permeability of a slow-release film under a certain pressure and improving the measurement accuracy.
In order to solve the technical problems, according to one aspect of the invention, a slow-release film water permeability detection device is provided, which comprises a fixing device, a water supply device, a film clamping device and a measuring device;
the fixing device comprises a vertical bracket, wherein the vertical bracket comprises a vertical rod and a Margaret bracket which is connected with the vertical rod and has adjustable height on the vertical rod;
the water supply device comprises a Margaret bottle and a water receiver, an air inlet pipe is vertically inserted through one side of the top of the Margaret bottle, an air outlet pipe is arranged on the other side of the top of the Margaret bottle, and an air outlet valve is arranged on the air outlet pipe; the bottom of the water receiver is provided with an opening; the bottom of the Marshall bottle is connected with the water receiver through a connecting hose, and a water inlet valve is arranged on the connecting hose; the Marshall bottle is connected with the Marshall bottle bracket;
the film clamping device comprises an upper movable flange and a lower fixed flange, the bottom of the water receiver is connected with the top surface of the upper movable flange, and a hole at the bottom of the water receiver is communicated with the central hole of the upper movable flange;
the measuring device is of a hollow cylinder structure, the top of the measuring device is fixed on the bottom surface of the lower fixing flange and is communicated with a central hole of the lower fixing flange, a belt Kong Yuanpian is arranged in the middle of the measuring device, a disc with holes divides the measuring device into an upper part and a lower part, the upper part is a permeable part, and the lower part is a hygroscopic part.
Further, the fixing device further comprises a supporting frame and a bottom plate, wherein the top of the supporting frame is connected with the bottom of the top supporting frame of the measuring device, and the bottom of the supporting frame is fixed on the bottom plate.
Further, the Martensitic flask support comprises a sleeve which is connected with the vertical rod in a sliding mode and a clamping piece which is fixedly connected with one side of the sleeve and used for clamping and fixing the Martensitic flask.
Further, a glass tube with scales for reading the height of the water head in the water receiver is vertically arranged on the side wall of the water receiver, and the bottom of the glass tube is communicated with the bottom of the water receiver.
Further, the joint surfaces of the upper movable flange and the lower fixed flange are respectively provided with a silica gel layer.
Further, rotating rods are symmetrically arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the perforated disc, penetrate through the side wall of the measuring device and are connected with nuts through threads.
Further, the bottom of the measuring device is opened, and a screw cap with a hole is screwed on the bottom of the measuring device.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for detecting the water permeability of a sustained release film, using the device for detecting the water permeability of a sustained release film described above, comprising the steps of:
filling silica gel particles into a moisture absorption part and a water permeable part of the measuring device respectively, wherein the water permeable part is filled with the following components in massm 1 ；
Step two, measuring the thickness d of the slow release film, and pressing the slow release film between the upper movable flange and the lower fixed flange;
step three, opening an air outlet valve, closing a water inlet valve, and filling the Marshall bottle with water from an air inlet pipe; then closing the air outlet valve, opening the water outlet valve, adjusting the vertical support to gradually increase the height of the Marek's bottle, and enabling water in the Marek's bottle to enter the water receiver through the connecting hose in the process of increasing, wherein the water head height in the water receiver is equal to the bottom end of the air inlet pipe of the Marek's bottle;
step four, in the height adjustment process of the Margaret bottle, the height of the Margaret bottle is kept for 10 min every 1cm, meanwhile, whether the color of the color-changing silica gel in the water permeable part of the measuring device is changed is observed, and when the silica gel particles in the water permeable part are observed to be changed from blue to pink, the water head height h in the water receiver is the water head height corresponding to the water permeable threshold reached by the slow release film;
step five, after time t, collecting silica gel particles of the water permeable part to measure the mass asm 2 The mass increment of the silica gel before and after water permeation is fatin m, and the water permeation quantity WMP of the slow release film is obtained through a formula;
the water permeability calculation formula is:
wherein, m is the mass increment of silica gel before and after water permeation; h is the head height of the reservoir; t is the measured interval time; s is the effective measurement area of the slow-release film; d is the thickness of the slow release film;
repeatedly measuring a plurality of groups of data, and taking the average value as the water permeability of the measured slow-release film.
Compared with the prior art, the invention flexibly controls the liquid level in the water reservoir by means of the vertical support, thereby adjusting the water permeability pressure born by the slow release membrane. The invention solves the problems that the water head pressure on the surface of the membrane is unstable, the gas generated by the water absorption of the drying agent cannot be discharged, and the like, can accurately judge the water permeability threshold of the slow-release membrane, further calculates the water permeability of the slow-release membrane, and has convenient use and accurate and reliable measurement result.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the upper movable flange and the lower fixed flange.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a perforated circular sheet structure.
In the figure: 1-a vertical bracket; 2-mahalanobis bottle; 3-connecting hose, 4-water reservoir, 5-upper movable flange, 6-lower fixed flange, 7-supporting frame, 8-measuring device and 9-bottom plate
1.1-sleeve, 1.2-clamping piece, 2.1-air inlet pipe, 2.2-air outlet pipe, 2.2.1-air outlet valve, 3.1-water inlet valve, 4.1-glass pipe 5.1-flange fixing bolt, 8.1-band Kong Yuanpian; 8.2-rotating the rod; 8.2.1-nuts; 8.3-screw cap.
Detailed Description
Aiming at the problems that the water head pressure on the surface of the membrane is unstable, the gas generated by the water absorption of the drying agent cannot be discharged and the like in the traditional measuring method, the embodiment provides the slow-release membrane water permeability detecting device, which can accurately measure the water permeability of the slow-release membrane under a certain pressure.
As shown in FIG. 1, a device for detecting the water permeability of a slow-release film according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention includes a fixing device, a water supply device, a film clamping device and a measuring device.
Wherein, fixing device includes vertical support 1, vertical support 1 includes the pole setting and connects in the pole setting and highly adjustable marshi bottle support in the pole setting.
On the basis, in a preferred embodiment, the fixing device further comprises a support frame 7 and a bottom plate 9, the support frame 7 is of a three-foot support structure, the top of the support frame 7 is connected with the top of the measuring device 8, and the bottom of the support frame 7 is fixed on the bottom plate 9. As shown in fig. 1, a supporting frame 7 is fixed at the periphery of the measuring device 8 to maintain the stability of the measuring device 8.
The Margaret support can freely move up and down on the vertical rod to provide different water heads, so that the water permeability of different film thicknesses can be measured. As a preferred embodiment, the mahalanobis bottle support comprises a sleeve 1.1 which is connected with the vertical rod in a sliding way and a clamping piece 1.2 which is fixedly connected with one side of the sleeve 1.1 and is used for clamping and fixing the mahalanobis bottle.
The water supply device comprises a Marshall bottle 2 and a water receiver 4, wherein the bottom of the Marshall bottle 2 is connected with the water receiver 4 through a connecting hose 3, and a water inlet valve 3.1 is arranged on the connecting hose 3; an air inlet pipe 2.1 is vertically inserted through one side of the top of the Marek's bottle 2, an air outlet pipe 2.2 is arranged on the other side of the top of the Marek's bottle 2, and an air outlet valve 2.2.1 is arranged on the air outlet pipe 2.2; the bottom of the water reservoir 4 is provided with an opening; the mahalanobis bottle 2 is connected to a mahalanobis bottle holder.
The side wall of the water receiver is vertically provided with a glass tube 4.1 with scales for reading the height of a water head in the water receiver, and the bottom of the glass tube 4.1 is communicated with the bottom of the water receiver. The glass tube 4.1 is preferably a plexiglass tube.
Pure water is arranged in the Marshall bottle 2. The water supply device can provide a constant pressure water head, and water head change caused by water absorption, permeation, evaporation and the like of the slow-release film is avoided.
The film clamping device comprises an upper movable flange 5 and a lower fixed flange 6, the bottom of the water receiver 4 is connected with the top surface of the upper movable flange 5, and a hole at the bottom of the water receiver 4 is communicated with the central hole of the upper movable flange 5.
The upper movable flange 5 and the lower fixed flange 6 are uniformly distributed with eight flange connecting holes around the center of the flange, the positions of the upper through holes and the lower through holes are corresponding, and the flange fixing bolts 5.1 are arranged in the flange connecting holes to connect the upper movable flange 5 and the lower fixed flange 6.
As a preferable implementation mode, the surfaces of the upper movable flange 5 and the lower fixed flange 6, which are attached, are respectively provided with a silica gel layer so as to ensure the tightness. The silica gel has elasticity, can make the better laminating mutually with lower fixed flange 6 of last movable flange 5, compress tightly the sustained release film that awaits measuring together, prevent that moisture from oozing.
The measuring device 8 is of a hollow cylinder structure, the top of the measuring device 8 is fixed on the bottom surface of the lower fixing flange 6 and is communicated with a central hole of the lower fixing flange 6, a belt Kong Yuanpian 8.1.1 is arranged in the middle of the measuring device 8, the belt Kong Yuanpian 8.1.1 divides the measuring device into an upper part and a lower part, the upper part is a water permeable part, and the lower part is a moisture absorbing part.
The inside of the measuring device 8 is filled with color-changing silica gel as a desiccant. The water permeable part is used for measuring the water permeable amount of the slow release film, and the moisture absorbing part is used for removing the influence of moisture in the air on the desiccant of the water permeable part.
The round piece with holes 8.1 is provided with vent holes, so that the gas generated by the water absorption of the silica gel can be discharged, and the deformation of the slow release film caused by the fact that the gas cannot be discharged is prevented.
The outer circumferential surface of the belt Kong Yuanpian 8.1.1 is symmetrically provided with a rotating rod 8.2, and the rotating rod 8.2 penetrates through the side wall of the measuring device 8 and is connected with a nut 8.2.1 in a threaded manner on the rotating rod 8.2. The belt Kong Yuanpian 8.1.1 is connected to the measuring device 8 by means of a rotary lever 8.2, and the silica gel particles can be easily loaded and unloaded by rotating the rotary lever 8.2.
The bottom of the measuring device 8 is opened, and a screw cap 8.3 with a hole is connected with the bottom of the measuring device in a threaded manner, so that gas generated by water absorption expansion of the silica gel in the measuring device can be dredged, and the slow-release film is prevented from deforming and cracking.
The slow-release membrane water permeability detection method provided by the invention comprises the following steps of.
Filling silica gel particles into a moisture absorption part and a water permeable part of the measuring device respectively, wherein the water permeable part is filled with the following components in massm 1 。
The method comprises the steps of turning a support frame 7 upside down, rotating a rotary rod 8.2 to enable a perforated circular sheet 8.1 to be kept in a horizontal state, screwing down a nut 8.2.1, opening a perforated screw cap 8.3, filling silica gel particles in a moisture absorption part of a measuring device, covering the perforated screw cap 8.3, erecting the support frame 7, and filling a permeable part of the measuring device with a mass m 1 Silica gel particles of (a).
And step two, measuring the thickness d of the slow release film, and pressing the slow release film between the upper movable flange and the lower fixed flange.
In particular, 5 points are randomly taken on the prepared slow release film by an outside micrometer, the thickness is measured, the average value is taken, the thickness of the slow release film is obtained to be d, the slow release film is placed on the lower fixed flange 6, then the upper movable flange 5 is placed on the lower fixed flange 6, and the slow release film is fixed by flange fixing bolts 5.1.
Step three, opening an air outlet valve 2.2.1, closing a water inlet valve 3.1, and filling the Martensi bottle 2 with water from an air inlet pipe 2.1; then the air outlet valve 2.2.1 is closed, the water outlet valve 3.1 is opened, the vertical support is adjusted to gradually increase the height of the Marsdenia bottle, in the process of increasing, water in the Marsdenia bottle 2 enters the water reservoir 4 through the connecting hose 3, and according to the principle of a communicating vessel, the water head height in the water reservoir 4 is equal to the bottom end of the air inlet pipe 2.1 of the Marsdenia bottle 2.
To be specific, the mahalanobis bottle support of the vertical support 1 is adjusted firstly so that the bottom end of the air inlet pipe of the mahalanobis bottle 2 is approximately flush with the lower fixed flange 6, then the air outlet valve 2.2.1 is opened, and the valve 3.1 is closed.
And step four, in the height adjustment process of the Margaret bottle, the height of the Margaret bottle is kept for 10 min every 1cm, the water pressure born by the slow-release film is increased by 0.1 kpa every 1cm of the water head height of the water storage device, meanwhile, whether the color of the color-changing silica gel in the water permeable part of the measuring device is changed is observed, when the silica gel particles in the water permeable part are observed to be changed from blue to pink, the water head height h in the water storage device is the water head height corresponding to the water permeable threshold reached by the slow-release film according to the principle of a communicating vessel.
And fifthly, after the time t, opening a screw cap 8.3 with holes to collect silica gel particles of the moisture absorption part, and reusing the silica gel particles.
The mass of silica gel particles collected in the water permeable part is measured asm 2 The mass increment of the silica gel before and after water permeation is fatin m, and the water permeation quantity WMP of the slow release film is obtained through a formula;
the water permeability calculation formula is:
wherein WMP (Water Molecule Permeability) - -the water permeability of the slow release film; m is the mass increment of silica gel before and after water permeation; h is the head height of the reservoir; t is the measured interval time; s is the effective measurement area of the slow-release film; d is the thickness of the slow release film.
Repeatedly measuring a plurality of groups of data, and taking the average value as the water permeability of the measured slow-release film.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a slow-release film volume of permeating water detection device which characterized in that: comprises a fixing device, a water supply device, a film clamping device and a measuring device;
the fixing device comprises a vertical bracket, wherein the vertical bracket comprises a vertical rod and a Margaret bracket which is connected with the vertical rod and has adjustable height on the vertical rod;
the water supply device comprises a Margaret bottle and a water receiver, an air inlet pipe is vertically inserted through one side of the top of the Margaret bottle, an air outlet pipe is arranged on the other side of the top of the Margaret bottle, and an air outlet valve is arranged on the air outlet pipe; the bottom of the water receiver is provided with an opening; the Martensitic flask is communicated with the water receiver through a connecting hose, one end of the connecting hose is connected to the bottom of the side wall of the Martensitic flask, the other end of the connecting hose is connected to the bottom of the side wall of the water receiver, and a water inlet valve is arranged on the connecting hose; the Marshall bottle is connected with the Marshall bottle bracket;
the film clamping device comprises an upper movable flange and a lower fixed flange, the bottom of the water receiver is connected with the top surface of the upper movable flange, and a hole at the bottom of the water receiver is communicated with the central hole of the upper movable flange;
the measuring device is of a hollow cylinder structure, the top of the measuring device is fixed on the bottom surface of the lower fixing flange and is communicated with a central hole of the lower fixing flange, a belt Kong Yuanpian is arranged in the middle of the measuring device, the measuring device is divided into an upper part and a lower part by a perforated disc, the upper part is a permeable part, the lower part is a hygroscopic part, the inside of the measuring device is filled with allochroic silica gel as a drying agent, rotating rods are symmetrically arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the perforated disc and penetrate through the side wall of the measuring device and are connected with nuts through threads on the rotating rods, and the bottom of the measuring device is opened and is connected with a screw cap with holes through threads on the bottom of the measuring device.
2. The sustained-release membrane water permeation quantity detection device according to claim 1, wherein: the fixing device further comprises a supporting frame and a bottom plate, the top of the supporting frame is connected with the top of the measuring device, and the bottom of the supporting frame is fixed on the bottom plate.
3. The sustained-release membrane permeation quantity detection apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the Martensitic flask support comprises a sleeve which is connected with the vertical rod in a sliding mode and a clamping piece which is fixedly connected with one side of the sleeve and used for clamping and fixing the Martensitic flask.
4. The sustained-release membrane permeation flux detection device according to claim 3, wherein: the side wall of the water receiver is vertically provided with a glass tube with scales for reading the height of the water head in the water receiver, and the bottom of the glass tube is communicated with the bottom of the water receiver.
5. The sustained-release membrane permeation quantity detection device according to claim 1, 2 or 4, characterized in that: and the joint surfaces of the upper movable flange and the lower fixed flange are respectively provided with a silica gel layer.
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| CN202210936613.0A CN115219400B (en) | 2022-08-05 | 2022-08-05 | Sustained-release membrane water permeability detection device and test method |
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