CN115217061A - Governing system suitable for disconnected head river creek - Google Patents
Governing system suitable for disconnected head river creek Download PDFInfo
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- CN115217061A CN115217061A CN202210815451.5A CN202210815451A CN115217061A CN 115217061 A CN115217061 A CN 115217061A CN 202210815451 A CN202210815451 A CN 202210815451A CN 115217061 A CN115217061 A CN 115217061A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
- A01G31/02—Special apparatus therefor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
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- A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
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- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
- C02F3/327—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae characterised by animals and plants
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
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Abstract
The invention discloses a treatment system suitable for a broken creek, which comprises a preliminary purification unit, a water distribution unit and a core purification and stabilization unit, wherein when runoff pollution is converged into a canal from a centralized runoff convergence bed, the water is firstly intercepted and purified by a water convergence purification bed, the purified water enters a diversion water distribution ring channel, the water is guided, the migration path converged into the polluted water is changed, the hydraulic retention time is prolonged, the water in the diversion water distribution ring channel is input into the central area of the broken creek through a dispersion water distribution pipe, the concentrated convergence of the runoff into the dispersed water distribution is realized, and the core purification and stabilization unit comprises a water channel, a deep pool and an embankment, so that a ecological pattern with various forms and different deep sections on a plane is constructed, the internal structure of a wetland is formed, the original hydraulic basic conditions of the broken creek are changed, the high-efficiency continuous purification of source pollutants is realized by combining with planted aquatic plants, and the promotion and stabilization of ecological functions of the creek self-purification and the like are driven.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of environmental protection, in particular to a treatment system suitable for Duantou creeks.
Background
The comprehensive treatment of water environment of polluted rivers is an important aspect of water environment treatment and water ecological restoration, the treatment route generally follows from source control and sewage interception, water quality improvement to ecological restoration, and the method comprises a widely applied wetland treatment technology.
In view of the principle of respecting nature and conforming to nature, the construction of wetland systems close to nature by using ecological engineering methods becomes a research hotspot in the aspects of river water quality improvement, ecological restoration and the like in recent years, and is applied in large scale, for example, the construction of river wetland systems with submerged plant restoration as a core and the like, but most of the technologies pay attention to one aspect of aquatic plant restoration, the comprehensive consideration of substrates, water quality and local micro-environments is still insufficient, and meanwhile, the attention is less in the aspect of river space differentiation treatment and restoration; the plain river network region is developed in general social economy, scarce in land resources and prominent in river space occupation phenomenon in production and life, so that a great number of Duantou creeks appear, especially in rural areas, creek head regions become important space components of the creeks, and from the perspective of external pollutant input, the creek headboxes are key places for surface source influx, and from the perspective of the linear structures of the creeks and creeks, the creeks and creeks are also main spaces with serious pollutant accumulation, so that certain difficulty is brought to the creek regulation and repair.
Therefore, in the river and creek treatment and repair process, how to treat and repair the Duantou river and creek becomes a problem to be solved by the technical personnel in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a treatment system for the Duantou creek, which is used for solving the problems in the prior art, relieving the pollution condition of the Duantou creek and improving the water quality of the Duantou creek.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme: the invention provides a treatment system suitable for a broken headquartet creek, comprising:
the preliminary purification unit comprises a concentrated runoff converging canal and a catchment purification bed, the concentrated runoff converging canal is communicated with the water flow outside the river breaker, and the catchment purification bed can purify the water flow introduced by the concentrated runoff converging canal;
the water distribution unit comprises a diversion water distribution annular channel and a dispersion water distribution pipe, the diversion water distribution annular channel is communicated with a water outlet of the water collection and purification bed, the diversion water distribution annular channel is arranged around the edge of the broken river head, the channel bottom of the diversion water distribution annular channel is lower than the river bed of the broken river head, one end of the dispersion water distribution pipe is communicated with the diversion water distribution annular channel, and the other end of the dispersion water distribution pipe is communicated with an area defined by the diversion water distribution annular channel;
core purifies and the stable unit, core purify with stable unit set up in the region that the diversion water distribution ring canal encloses, core purify with stable unit includes water course, puddle, submerged dike and aquatic plant, the water course with the puddle is linked together, the submerged dike set up in the water course with the puddle is kept away from one side of diversion water distribution ring canal, aquatic plant in on the riverbed of river creek broken ends and on the submerged dike.
Preferably, the diversion and water distribution annular channel is of a U-shaped structure, two ends of the diversion and water distribution annular channel are sealed, and an opening of the U-shaped structure formed by the diversion and water distribution annular channel faces away from the direction of the concentrated runoff afflux channel.
Preferably, the catchment purification beds are arranged in the diversion and water distribution annular channel, the quantity of the catchment purification beds is two groups, and the two groups of catchment purification beds are arranged on two sides of a communication port of the diversion and water distribution annular channel and the concentrated runoff converging channel; the bottom that catchments purified the bed is less than at the bottom of the canal of water conservancy diversion cloth water ring canal, the top that catchments purified the bed is higher than at the bottom of the canal of water conservancy diversion cloth water ring canal, catchment purify the bed including purify the bed fixed network with set up in purify the bed matrix that purifies in the bed fixed network, it can be to getting into to purify purifying by the interception to purify rivers in the water conservancy diversion cloth water ring canal.
Preferably, a sedimentation promoting tank is arranged on one side of the diversion and water distribution annular channel, which is close to the water channel, the sedimentation promoting tank is positioned at the bottom of one side of the outlet of the dispersion water distribution pipe, sedimentation promoting filler is arranged in the sedimentation promoting tank, and the top of the sedimentation promoting filler is flush with the river bed of the river breaker;
the dispersion water distribution pipes and the sedimentation promotion tanks correspond to each other one by one and are all in multiple groups; one end of the outlet of the dispersion water distribution pipe is provided with a screen.
Preferably, the water conservancy diversion water distribution ring canal is close to one side canal wall of water course includes two sets of parallel arrangement's campshed, and is two sets of it has canal ridge basis to fill between the campshed, the top on canal ridge basis is higher than the riverbed of river and river broken ends, the top on canal ridge basis sets up the stone cage net of pushing down, it has the matrix of pushing down to push down to fill in the stone cage net of pushing down, the top of stone cage net of pushing down with the top of campshed is level and level mutually.
Preferably, a three-dimensional net cushion is laid in the water channel and the deep pool, the three-dimensional net cushion extends to a river bed of the broken creek far away from one side of the submerged dike, and the three-dimensional net cushion is fixed on the river bed of the broken creek by using fixing nails.
Preferably, the longitudinal section of the water channel is in an inverted trapezoid shape, and the bottom of the longitudinal section of the deep pool is in an arc shape; the quantity of deep pool is two sets of, and is two sets of the deep pool utilizes the water course is linked together, the water course is opening ring structure.
Preferably, the submerged dike comprises a submerged dike gabion mesh and a submerged dike matrix filled in the submerged dike gabion mesh, a planting pipe is arranged in the submerged dike matrix, the top of the planting pipe protrudes out of the submerged dike matrix, a planting matrix is filled in the planting pipe, and the aquatic plants are planted in the planting pipe.
Preferably, the side wall of the planting pipe is provided with a through hole; the aquatic plants include emergent aquatic plants and submerged plants.
Preferably, the area of the water channel and the deep pool accounts for 30% -40% of the area defined by the diversion and water distribution ring canal, and the planting area of the aquatic plants accounts for 40% -60% of the area defined by the diversion and water distribution ring canal.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
the invention relates to a treatment system suitable for a broken river and creek, when runoff pollution is converged by a concentrated runoff converging channel, firstly, the runoff pollution is intercepted and purified by a converging water purification bed, water quality is purified, purified water flows enter a diversion water distribution annular channel, the water flows are guided, a migration path converging into polluted water is changed, hydraulic retention time is prolonged, the water flows in the diversion water distribution annular channel are input into a central area of the broken creek through a dispersion water distribution pipe, the runoff is converged to dispersion water distribution in a concentrated mode, a core purification and stabilization unit comprises a water channel, a deep pool and an underwater embankment, so that a basement habitat pattern with various forms and different section depths on a plane is constructed, a wetland internal structure is formed, the original broken creek hydraulic basic conditions are changed, and the high-efficiency continuous purification of surface source pollutants is realized by combining with planted aquatic plants, and the ecological functions such as river and creek self-purification are promoted and stabilized.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a Duantou creek remediation system of the present invention;
FIG. 2 isbase:Sub>A sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line B-B of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line C-C of FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line D-D of FIG. 1;
fig. 6 is a schematic sectional view taken along the direction E-E in fig. 1.
Wherein, 1 is a concentrated runoff afflux channel, 2 is a catchment purification bed, 201 is a purification bed fixing net, 202 is a purification bed substrate, 3 is a diversion water distribution ring channel, 301 is a row pile, 302 is a channel ridge foundation, 303 is a top pressing gabion net, 304 is a top pressing substrate, 4 is a dispersion water distribution pipe, 5 is a water channel, 6 is a deep pool, 7 is an underembankment, 701 is an underembankment gabion net, 702 is an underembankment substrate, 703 is a planting pipe, 704 is a planting substrate, 8 is an aquatic plant, 9 is a sedimentation promotion pond, 10 is a sedimentation promotion filler, and 11 is a three-dimensional net cushion.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention aims to provide a treatment system for the Duantou creek, which is used for solving the problems in the prior art, relieving the pollution condition of the Duantou creek and improving the water quality of the Duantou creek.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.
Referring to FIGS. 1-6, wherein FIG. 1 isbase:Sub>A schematic view ofbase:Sub>A treating system forbase:Sub>A Duantou river andbase:Sub>A creek according to the present invention, FIG. 2 isbase:Sub>A schematic view ofbase:Sub>A cut along A-A in FIG. 1, FIG. 3 isbase:Sub>A schematic view ofbase:Sub>A cut along B-B in FIG. 1, FIG. 4 isbase:Sub>A schematic view ofbase:Sub>A cut along C-C in FIG. 1, FIG. 5 isbase:Sub>A schematic view ofbase:Sub>A cut along D-D in FIG. 1, and FIG. 6 isbase:Sub>A schematic view ofbase:Sub>A cut along E-E in FIG. 1.
The invention provides a treatment system suitable for a broken river creek, which comprises a preliminary purification unit, a water distribution unit and a core purification and stabilization unit, wherein the preliminary purification unit comprises a concentrated runoff converging canal 1 and a water converging purification bed 2, the concentrated runoff converging canal 1 is communicated with water flow outside the broken river creek, and the water converging purification bed 2 can purify the water flow introduced by the concentrated runoff converging canal 1; the water distribution unit comprises a diversion water distribution annular channel 3 and a dispersion water distribution pipe 4, the diversion water distribution annular channel 3 is communicated with a water outlet of the water collection purification bed 2, the diversion water distribution annular channel 3 is arranged around the edge of a broken river or a creek, the bottom of the diversion water distribution annular channel 3 is lower than the riverbed of the broken river or the creek, one end of the dispersion water distribution pipe 4 is communicated with the diversion water distribution annular channel 3, and the other end of the dispersion water distribution pipe 4 is communicated with an area surrounded by the diversion water distribution annular channel 3; the core purification and stabilization unit is arranged in an area enclosed by the diversion and water distribution annular channel 3, the core purification and stabilization unit comprises a water channel 5, a deep pool 6, an submerged dike 7 and aquatic plants 8, the water channel 5 is communicated with the deep pool 6, the submerged dike 7 is arranged on one side of the water channel 5 and the deep pool 6, which is far away from the diversion and water distribution annular channel 3, and the aquatic plants 8 are planted on a riverbed of a river and river creek with broken ends and on the submerged dike 7.
The invention relates to a treatment system suitable for a broken river and creek, when runoff pollution is converged by a concentrated runoff converging channel 1, firstly, the runoff pollution is intercepted and purified by a converging water purification bed 2, water quality is purified, purified water flows enter a diversion water distribution annular channel 3, the water flows are guided, a migration path converging into polluted water is changed, hydraulic retention time is prolonged, the water flows in the diversion water distribution annular channel 3 are input into a central area of the broken river and creek through a dispersion water distribution pipe 4, the runoff is converged into dispersed water distribution in a concentrated mode, a core purification and stabilization unit comprises a water channel 5, a deep pool 6 and an embankment 7, so that a substrate habitat pattern with various forms and different deep and shallow sections on a plane is constructed, a wetland internal structure is formed, original hydraulic basic conditions of the broken river and creek are changed, and grown aquatic plants 8 are combined, high-efficiency continuous purification of surface source pollutants is realized, and ecological functions such as river and creek self-purification are promoted and stabilized.
The diversion and water distribution annular channel 3 is of a U-shaped structure, two ends of the diversion and water distribution annular channel 3 are sealed, a river and creek broken head area encircled by the diversion and water distribution annular channel 3 is of a horseshoe shape, and an opening of the U-shaped structure formed by the diversion and water distribution annular channel 3 faces the direction far away from the concentrated runoff converging channel 1, so that runoff water flow guided by the concentrated runoff converging channel 1 can smoothly enter the diversion and water distribution annular channel 3. It should be further explained here that, in practical applications, a plurality of concentrated runoff converging channels 1 may be further provided, a catchment purification bed 2 may be provided at the runoff converging channel with the largest diameter, or a catchment purification bed 2 may be provided at each concentrated runoff converging channel 1, so that the catchment purification bed 2 can primarily intercept and purify the runoff pollution.
Specifically, the catchment purification beds 2 are arranged in the diversion and water distribution annular channel 3, the quantity of the catchment purification beds 2 is two groups, and the two groups of catchment purification beds 2 are arranged on two sides of a communication opening of the diversion and water distribution annular channel 3 and the concentrated runoff converging channel 1, so that water flow entering the diversion and water distribution annular channel 3 is intercepted and purified. In order to enhance the intercepting and purifying effect of the catchment purification bed 2, the bottom of the catchment purification bed 2 is lower than the bottom of the diversion and water distribution annular channel 3, the top of the catchment purification bed 2 is higher than the bottom of the diversion and water distribution annular channel 3, the catchment purification bed 2 comprises a purification bed fixing net 201 and a purification bed substrate 202 arranged in the purification bed fixing net 201, the purification bed substrate 202 can intercept and purify water flow entering the diversion and water distribution annular channel 3, the purification bed substrate 202 can adopt common gravels with the particle size of 6.0 cm-8.0 cm, and primary intercepting and purification of radial flow pollution and stable treatment efficiency of subsequent space are realized through the filtering, precipitation and microbial degradation effects of the purification bed substrate 202.
Meanwhile, a sedimentation promoting tank 9 is arranged on one side of the diversion water distribution annular channel 3 close to the water channel 5, the sedimentation promoting tank 9 is arranged at the bottom of one side of an outlet of the dispersion water distribution pipe 4, the pipe diameter of the dispersion water distribution pipe 4 can be selected to be 150-200 mm, the pipe bottom of the dispersion water distribution pipe 4 is 0.15-0.20 m higher than the riverbed of the river or river break, the sedimentation promoting tank 9 is arranged at the bottom, sedimentation promoting filler 10 is arranged in the sedimentation promoting tank 9, the top of the sedimentation promoting filler 10 is flush with the riverbed of the river break, and the sedimentation promoting tank 9 can intercept and purify the inflowing runoff again and perform local water distribution again. The sedimentation promoting tank 9 can be constructed by firstly carrying out local excavation below the dispersed water distribution pipes 4, wherein the excavation depth is 0.2-0.3 m, the tank body is processed by adopting a PVC plate or a PVC pipe with a larger diameter, the top part of the sedimentation promoting tank is pre-opened with a triangular weir, the size of the triangular weir is determined according to the specification, the triangular weir is bent into a semicircle with the diameter of 0.3-0.5 m and is inserted into an excavation area, the PVC pipe with the same specification can be directly cut and processed, the bottom of the triangular weir at the top of the tank is 0.1m lower than the bottom of the water distribution pipes, after the sedimentation promoting tank 9 is finished, a mesh bag is put into the tank and is filled with gravel for paving, the gravel is used as sedimentation promoting filler 10, the diameter of the gravel is 2.0-4.0 cm, and the filling height is equal to the riverbed.
In the present embodiment, the dispersion water distribution pipes 4 and the sedimentation promotion tanks 9 are in one-to-one correspondence and are all multiple groups, the dispersion water distribution pipes 4 can be uniformly distributed circumferentially around the axis of the diversion water distribution annular channel 3, and it should be noted that the dispersion water distribution pipes 4 are not arranged between the concentrated runoff afflux channel 1 and the catchment purification bed 2, so as to prevent the contaminated runoff from directly entering the area where the core purification and stabilization unit is located without being purified. In addition, in practical operation, a screen mesh with 2.0-3.0 cm meshes can be arranged at one end of the outlet of the dispersion water distribution pipe 4 to block larger impurities, a fishing net and the like can be adopted, and in addition, the outlet end of the dispersion water distribution pipe 4 can be arranged to extend out of the diversion water distribution annular channel by 30.1m for conveniently arranging the screen mesh.
More specifically, one side channel wall of the diversion water distribution ring channel 3 close to the water channel 5 comprises two groups of row piles 301 which are arranged in parallel, a channel ridge foundation 302 is filled between the two groups of row piles 301, the top of the channel ridge foundation 302 is higher than the river bed with a river or a river broken head, a top pressing gabion net 303 is arranged at the top of the channel ridge foundation 302, a top pressing substrate 304 is filled in the top pressing gabion net 303, and the top of the top pressing gabion net 303 is flush with the top of the row piles 301. When the diversion and water distribution annular channel 3 is constructed, the original river and creek head boundary space is fully utilized, the wetland appearance is constructed in a smooth manner, and the wetland appearance is connected with the concentrated runoff converging channel 1. The end surface of the diversion water distribution annular channel 3 can adopt a rectangle or a trapezoid, soil is not easy to collapse, the diversion water distribution annular channel 3 can adopt trapezoid excavation without protection, a rectangular section is adopted when the soil is easy to collapse, the two sides can be fixed by adopting row piles 301, the width of the diversion water distribution annular channel 3 of the rectangular section is generally 0.8-1.2 m, the width of the top of the trapezoid section is generally less than or equal to 1.5m, the elevation of the channel bottom is lower than that of a headbreak river bed of a river creek and is generally 0.4-0.6 m lower, the outer channel ridge conforms to the topographic relief of the headform of the river creek, earthwork is excavated to the outer area, the elevation of the top of the inner side canal ridge is 0.4-0.6 m higher than the river bed, the width is 0.5-0.8 m, the upper part of the canal ridge is pressed by a top-pressing gabion net 303, the top-pressing gabion net 303 is filled with a top-pressing substrate 304, the auxiliary measure of a secondary dispersion water distribution system is realized when large-flow runoff converges, the top-pressing gabion net 303 can be filled with gravels by a zinc-plated or plastic-coated net, the diameter of a mesh is smaller than that of the gravels, the diameter of the gravels is 6.0-8.0 cm, the two sides of the inner side canal ridge can be fixed by row piles 301 according to the soil condition, and the stability of the top-pressing gabion net 303 is improved.
In addition, three-dimensional net mats 11 are laid in the water channel 5 and the deep pool 6 to limit plant growth, so that the water channel 5 and the deep pool 6 can normally play a role, the three-dimensional net mats 11 extend to a river bed of a river and river cut-off at one side far away from the submerged dike 7, and the three-dimensional net mats 11 are fixed on the river bed of the river and river cut-off by fixing nails, so that the structural stability of the three-dimensional net mats 11 is improved, and the three-dimensional net mats 11 are prevented from being washed away by water flow and dislocated.
In the embodiment, the longitudinal section of the water channel 5 is in a reversed trapezoid shape, the width of the bottom of the water channel 5 is 0.5-1.0 m, the bottom of the water channel 5 is lower than the riverbed by 0.6-1.0 m, the bottom of the longitudinal section of the deep pool 6 is in an arc shape, the number of the deep pools 6 is two, the two groups of deep pools 6 are communicated by the water channel 5, the water channel 5 is in an open ring structure, in practical application, the number and the positions of the deep pools 6 can be set according to the shape of a river or creek fracture, and meanwhile, the shape of the water channel 5 is adaptively changed.
Furthermore, the submerged dike 7 comprises a submerged dike gabion mesh 701 and a submerged dike matrix 702 filled in the submerged dike gabion mesh 701, a planting pipe 703 is arranged in the submerged dike matrix 702, the top of the planting pipe 703 protrudes out of the submerged dike matrix 702, the planting pipe 703 is filled with a planting matrix 704, and aquatic plants 8 are planted in the planting pipe 703. The submerged dike 7 is arranged on the inner side of the water channel 5, the submerged dike has a rectangular cross-section structure, the width is 0.5 m-1.0 m, the height is generally 0.5m, the submerged dike is constructed by adopting a submerged dike gabion net 701, the submerged dike gabion net 701 adopts a galvanized or plastic-coated net, the diameter of a mesh hole is smaller than the particle size of a submerged dike matrix 702, the submerged dike matrix 702 adopts gravel, volcanic rock or other wetland matrix materials, the particle size is 6.0 m-8.0 cm, emergent aquatic plants are planted every 2.0m along the central line of the upper edge of the submerged dike 7, a PVC pipeline can be used for processing a planting pipe 703, the soilless culture mode is adopted for planting, the diameter of the planting pipe 703 is 110mm, the height is 0.3m, the lower end of the planting pipe penetrates into the submerged dike 7 by 0.2m, and the side wall of the planting pipe 703 is provided with through holes, so that the particle size of the planting matrix 704 is less than or equal to 1.0cm. Here, the aquatic plants 8 include emergent aquatic plants and submerged plants, the emergent aquatic plants can be planted in the planting pipes 703, and the submerged plants can be planted on the river bed.
The treatment system suitable for the broken-head creek is constructed by taking a spatial structure as a leading factor, so that the functions of water distribution, interception, purification, stabilization and the like are realized, the area of the water channel 5 and the deep pool 6 accounts for 30-40% of the area enclosed by the diversion and water distribution annular channel 3, and the planting area of the aquatic plants 8 accounts for 40-60% of the area enclosed by the diversion and water distribution annular channel 3. On the premise of conforming to nature, the spatial layout of the wetland plane and section structure is strengthened, the change of hydraulic conditions is driven, the multi-path flow of pollutants in the system is realized through multiple water distribution along the process, the hydraulic retention time is prolonged, the comprehensive effects of adsorption, filtration, precipitation, absorption, degradation and the like of soil, matrix, plants and microorganisms are exerted by combining matrix laying, wetland aquatic plants 8 and the like, the continuous interception and purification of radial flow pollution are realized, the river and creek headcut water quality is improved at the same time, and the river and creek water environment quality improvement and the ecological function improvement are driven.
The treatment system for Duantou creek according to the present invention will be further explained by the following specific examples.
The average width of the broken heads of the rivers and creeks is 18.0m, and the total area of the constructed horseshoe-shaped wetland is 920m 2 。
In the embodiment, the creek head is only provided with one place, the concentrated runoff converging channel 1 is an original channel for arrangement, the width is 0.8m, the water converging purification bed 2 is made by filling a purification bed substrate 202 in a purification bed fixing net 201, the specification of the purification bed fixing net 201 is 1.0m multiplied by 0.8m, the aperture is 2.0cm, stainless steel materials are inserted into soil after being attached to the channel opening; the catchment purification bed 2 is respectively unfolded towards two sides from the opening of the concentrated runoff afflux canal 1 until the distance from the nearest 2 dispersed water distribution pipes 4 is about 0.1m, the catchment purification bed 2 is constructed by depending on the canal bottom of the outer ring diversion water distribution ring canal 3, on the basis of the normal canal bottom, the catchment purification bed 2 is dug down by 0.2m and fixed by a purification bed fixing net 201, the purification bed fixing net 201 adopts a galvanized steel wire mesh, the meshes are less than or equal to 5.0cm, a purification bed matrix 202 is filled in the catchment purification bed, common gravels are adopted, the particle size is 6.0 cm-8.0 cm, the filling is 0.1m higher than the normal canal bottom, and the purification bed fixing net 201 is folded and fastened firmly.
The diversion and water distribution ring canal 3 is of a rectangular section structure, the width is 1.0m, the depth is 0.5m lower than the riverbed, the outer side is fixed by a row pile 301, the row pile 301 adopts a fir pile,
the inner side canal ridge consists of a canal ridge foundation 302 and a coping gabion net 303 (the coping gabion net 303 is filled with a coping matrix 304), wherein the canal ridge foundation 302 is 0.5m wide and 0.4m higher than a river bed, the coping gabion net 303 is 0.5m wide and 0.2m high, the coping gabion net 303 is made of galvanized steel wire meshes and is threaded again, the mesh openings are smaller than or equal to 4.0cm, the coping matrix 304 is common gravels, the diameter of the gravels is 6.0-8.0 cm, and both sides of the inner side canal ridge can be fixed by adopting row piles 301.
In the water distribution unit, the dispersed water distribution pipes 4 are pre-embedded in the canal ridge foundation 302, 5 dispersed water distribution pipes 4 are arranged in the example, and the pipe adopts a UPVC pipe with the pipe diameter
The water inlet end is wrapped by a fishing net, the meshes of the fishing net are 3.0cm, the water outlet end extends out 0.1m, and the height of the bottom of the pipe is 0.15m higher than the river bed; the sedimentation accelerating tank 9 is dug downwards to the periphery by taking the dispersion water distribution pipe 4 as the center in advance, the depth is 0.2m, the wall of the tank is cut by adopting a PVC plate, the thickness of the plate is 5.0mm, the top end of the tank is cut and processed into a right-angled triangular weir, the height of the weir is 3.0cm, the tank is bent into a semicircle to be inserted into the riverbedAnd backfilling the outer side of the canal ridge foundation 302, wherein the diameter of a back circle after bending is 0.3m, the distance between the bottom of a triangular weir and the bottom of the dispersion water distribution pipe 4 is 0.1m, the diameter of bagged sedimentation promoting filler 10 in the sedimentation promoting tank 9 adopts common gravel, the diameter of the gravel is 2.0 cm-4.0 cm, the weight of each net bag is about 5.0kg, and the filling height is equal to the riverbed.
In the core purification and stabilization unit, the wetland aquatic plants 8 are mainly emergent aquatic plants and submerged plants.
In the embodiment, the excavation width of the bottom of the water channel 5 is 0.6m, the depth of the water channel 5 is 0.8m lower than the riverbed, the three-dimensional net pad 11 is made of polyamide three-dimensional net pad 11, is uniformly laid on the bottom and the wall of the water channel 5, and extends out of the shoulder part on one side which is not adjacent to the submerged dike 7, the extending length is 0.8m, and the three-dimensional net pad is fixed by a matched fixing nail; the whole width of the submerged dike 7 is 0.6m, the height is 0.5m, the submerged dike is only arranged close to the inner side of the water channel 5, a submerged dike gabion mesh 701 is fixedly adopted at the periphery of the submerged dike 7, the submerged dike is prefabricated and laid on site, the material is zinc-plated steel wires, the mesh diameter is 5.0cm, a submerged dike matrix 702 is volcanic rock with the particle size of 6.0 cm-8.0 cm, and a planting pipe 703 is adopted
The UPVC pipe with the pipe diameter is processed, the pipe wall is perforated at the position that the pipe length is 0.3m, the lower end of the pipe wall is upward 0.1m, the width of a perforated area is 0.10m, the hole diameter is 3.0mm, a planting pipe 703 is pre-embedded in a submerged dike matrix 702 along the central line of a submerged dike 7 and penetrates out of the top cover of a submerged dike gabion mesh 701, the pre-embedding depth is 0.2m, emergent aquatic plants planted in the planting pipe 703 are planted in a soilless culture mode, in the example, acorus calamus is selected and is firstly placed in the planting pipe 703, then the planting matrix 704 is filled, gravels with the grain diameter of less than or equal to 1.0cm are adopted and filled until the pipe top of the planting pipe 703 is level; the plane of the deep pool 6 is circular, the diameter of the deep pool 6 is 3.5m, the depth of the deep pool 6 is 0.6m lower than that of the river bed, and the construction mode of the three-dimensional net cushion 11 and the submerged dike 7 system is the same as that of the water channel 5; the wetland aquatic plant 8 adopts emergent aquatic plants such as allium mongolicum regel, calamus and submerged plants such as tape grass, and is planted in other non-limited growth areas after being constructed according to various terrains in the example, wherein the emergent aquatic plants account for 40% of the total area of the wetland aquatic plant 8, and the submerged plants account for 60%.
Actual operation effects of the U-shaped wetlands for river and creek head interception and purification show that the removal rate of Total Nitrogen (TN) of radial flow pollution reaches 56%, the removal rate of Total Phosphorus (TP) reaches 47%, and meanwhile, the water quality of a creek head water area is stabilized at or above class III water (GB 3838-2002).
According to the treatment system for the broken-head creek, the diversion water distribution ring canal 3 is utilized to construct a horseshoe-shaped wetland form, the topography condition of the broken-head of the creek is conformed, the diversity of wetland space structures is highlighted in the structure, so that the diversity of water conservancy conditions and habitat conditions is driven, and the improvement of functions such as ecological system self-purification and the like is facilitated; the centralized water inlet is changed into the dispersed uniform water distribution, the water flow path is optimized, the hydraulic retention time is increased, and the interception and purification measures are distributed along the way to realize the water quality purification; the diversion and water distribution ring canal 3, the water channel 5, the deep pool 6, the submerged dike 7 and the like are constructed, so that the topographic relief of the wetland is increased, a better wetland basement habitat is constructed, the hydraulic condition is driven to change, and the water quality purification and ecological function improvement are realized.
The principle and the implementation mode of the invention are explained by applying a specific example, and the description of the embodiment is only used for helping to understand the method and the core idea of the invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, the specific embodiments and the application range may be changed. In view of the foregoing, the description is not to be taken in a limiting sense.
Claims (10)
1. A treatment system suitable for a ceasexual river, comprising:
the preliminary purification unit comprises a concentrated runoff converging canal and a catchment purification bed, the concentrated runoff converging canal is communicated with the water flow outside the river breaker, and the catchment purification bed can purify the water flow introduced by the concentrated runoff converging canal;
the water distribution unit comprises a diversion water distribution annular channel and a dispersion water distribution pipe, the diversion water distribution annular channel is communicated with a water outlet of the water collection and purification bed, the diversion water distribution annular channel is arranged around the edge of the broken river head, the channel bottom of the diversion water distribution annular channel is lower than the river bed of the broken river head, one end of the dispersion water distribution pipe is communicated with the diversion water distribution annular channel, and the other end of the dispersion water distribution pipe is communicated with an area defined by the diversion water distribution annular channel;
core purifies and the stable unit, core purify with stable unit set up in the region that the diversion water distribution ring canal encloses, core purify with stable unit includes water course, puddle, submerged dike and aquatic plant, the water course with the puddle is linked together, the submerged dike set up in the water course with the puddle is kept away from one side of diversion water distribution ring canal, aquatic plant in on the riverbed of river creek broken ends and on the submerged dike.
2. The treatment system for a Duantou creek as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the water conservancy diversion water distribution ring canal seals for U-shaped structure and both ends, the opening orientation of the U-shaped structure that water conservancy diversion water distribution ring canal formed is kept away from concentrate the direction setting that the runoff converged into the canal.
3. The treatment system for a Duantou creek as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the catchment purification beds are arranged in the diversion and water distribution annular channel, the quantity of the catchment purification beds is two groups, and the two groups of catchment purification beds are arranged on two sides of a communication opening of the diversion and water distribution annular channel and the concentrated runoff converging channel; the bottom that catchments and purify the bed is less than at the bottom of the canal of water conservancy diversion cloth water ring canal, catchment purify the top of bed and be higher than at the bottom of the canal of water conservancy diversion cloth water ring canal, catchment purify the bed including purify the bed fixed network with set up in purify the bed matrix in the bed fixed network, it can be to getting into to purify the interception of rivers in the water conservancy diversion cloth water ring canal.
4. The treatment system for a Duantou creek as claimed in claim 1, wherein: a sedimentation promoting tank is arranged on one side of the diversion water distribution ring channel, which is close to the water channel, and is positioned at the bottom of one side of the outlet of the dispersion water distribution pipe, sedimentation promoting filler is arranged in the sedimentation promoting tank, and the top of the sedimentation promoting filler is flush with a riverbed of the river and creek break head;
the dispersion water distribution pipes and the sedimentation promotion tanks correspond to each other one by one and are all in multiple groups; one end of the outlet of the dispersion water distribution pipe is provided with a screen.
5. The treatment system for a Duantou creek as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the diversion water distribution ring canal is close to a side canal wall of the water channel comprises two groups of parallel row piles, a canal ridge foundation is filled between the two groups of row piles, the top of the canal ridge foundation is higher than a riverbed with a broken river and creek, a coping gabion net is arranged at the top of the canal ridge foundation, a coping matrix is filled in the coping gabion net, and the top of the coping gabion net is flush with the tops of the row piles.
6. The treating system for the Duantou creek as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the water course and three-dimensional net cushions have been laid in the deep pool, three-dimensional net cushions extend to and keep away from latent dyke one side on the riverbed of river disconnected end, three-dimensional net cushions utilize the staple to be fixed in on the riverbed of river disconnected end.
7. The treatment system for a Duantou creek as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the longitudinal section of the water channel is in an inverted trapezoid shape, and the bottom of the longitudinal section of the deep pool is in an arc shape; the quantity of deep pool is two sets of, and is two sets of the deep pool utilizes the water course is linked together, the water course is opening ring structure.
8. The treatment system for a Duantou creek as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the submerged dike comprises a submerged dike gabion mesh and a submerged dike matrix filled in the submerged dike gabion mesh, a planting pipe is arranged in the submerged dike matrix, the top of the planting pipe protrudes out of the submerged dike matrix, a planting matrix is filled in the planting pipe, and the aquatic plants are planted in the planting pipe.
9. The treating system for the Duantou creek as claimed in claim 8, wherein: the side wall of the planting pipe is provided with a through hole; the aquatic plants include emergent aquatic plants and submerged plants.
10. The treatment system for a Duantou creek as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the area of the water channel and the deep pool accounts for 30-40% of the area defined by the diversion and water distribution ring canal, and the planting area of the aquatic plants accounts for 40-60% of the area defined by the diversion and water distribution ring canal.
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| CN111962458A (en) * | 2020-07-30 | 2020-11-20 | 河海大学 | Method for ecologically communicating broken-end river system |
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