CN115213998A - Method for preparing in-situ ecological grass planting bricks by using copper mine tailings - Google Patents

Method for preparing in-situ ecological grass planting bricks by using copper mine tailings Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115213998A
CN115213998A CN202211034793.XA CN202211034793A CN115213998A CN 115213998 A CN115213998 A CN 115213998A CN 202211034793 A CN202211034793 A CN 202211034793A CN 115213998 A CN115213998 A CN 115213998A
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China
Prior art keywords
grass planting
copper
bricks
tailings
preparing
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CN202211034793.XA
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
黄建洪
张亘
林益超
董泽靖
田森林
赵群
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Kunming University of Science and Technology
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Kunming University of Science and Technology
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Priority to CN202211034793.XA priority Critical patent/CN115213998A/en
Publication of CN115213998A publication Critical patent/CN115213998A/en
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28BSHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B3/00Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor
    • B28B3/02Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein a ram exerts pressure on the material in a moulding space; Ram heads of special form
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G9/00Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
    • A01G9/02Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for preparing in-situ ecological grass planting bricks by using copper mine tailings, which comprises the steps of firstly adopting the copper mine tailings in situ, crushing the tailings to form powder particles with the granularity of 0.01-0.3 cm, and then processing the copper tailings into flower bricks with certain shapes according to a certain mode by adopting the principle of geopolymer, wherein the flower bricks are square, and holes are formed in the central positions of the flower bricks; the corners of the brick are respectively provided with a quarter round unfilled corner, two flower bricks are required to be combined into a grass planting brick, the hole is filled with substrates such as cow dung, straws, waste soil and the like which are mixed according to a certain proportion, and a certain amount of grass seeds are scattered in the substrates. The invention expands the raw material source of the grass planting brick while recycling a large amount of copper tailings. The method does not influence the ecology of the area, has the advantages of convenient material acquisition and simple operation, solves the problem of ecological restoration of the copper mine, prevents the loss of plant matrix and the like.

Description

Method for preparing in-situ ecological grass planting bricks by using copper mine tailings
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of tailing ecological restoration, and particularly relates to a method for preparing in-situ ecological grass planting bricks by using copper mine tailings.
Background
Copper ore is a main mineral species in China, and a large amount of copper ore is mined and smelted every year, and meanwhile, a large amount of copper tailing slag is produced. The copper tailings are powdery or gravel solid wastes discharged from native copper ores after mineral separation processes such as crushing, grinding, sorting and concentrating.
The copper tailings are continuously accumulated, so that not only are a large number of land resources directly occupied, but also the natural ecology and the human landscape of the local area are affected, the environment such as soil, water and air is extremely easily polluted, the ecological environment of the local area is damaged, and meanwhile, the problems that natural disasters such as mountain collapse, landslide and debris flow are possibly induced exist. Due to the mining history, technical means, equipment, management, economic market and the like, the copper tailings have double characteristics because many elements and parts with recyclable values are abandoned in the copper tailings.
How to construct a green mine is already important for the comprehensive utilization of copper tailings, which becomes a necessary choice for the benign development and survival of copper mine enterprises in China and is also a decisive factor for how to promote the economic sustainable development of copper mines in the future. At present, the comprehensive utilization of copper tailings gradually becomes one of research hotspots in the fields of mineral separation, materials, environmental protection technologies and the like, and the main research points focus on the comprehensive utilization of the copper tailings, so that the utilization efficiency of copper ore resources can be improved, the resource shortage pressure can be relieved, the improvement of ecological environment can be promoted, and the method has important significance for the good development of the economic society. At present, the comprehensive utilization of copper tailing resources is achieved by preparing building materials, recycling valuable resources, filling goaf, making glass and ceramic raw materials and the like. Nowadays, grass planting bricks are novel ecological bricks, can form green grasslands with certain coverage rate to improve the environment, can be used as hard ground, can be called as soft and hard, can be used for greening and using at the same time, and can solve the problems of ecological restoration of copper mines, plant matrix loss prevention and the like by combining copper tailings and the grass planting bricks, utilizing the copper tailings and the grass planting bricks mutually, taking materials locally and using the copper tailings and the grass planting bricks locally.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for preparing in-situ ecological grass planting bricks by using copper mine tailings.
The object of the invention is achieved by the following steps:
(1) Removing wood, glass and other large-particle impurities of the copper tailings;
(2) Crushing the treated copper tailings by a crusher to obtain powder particles with the granularity of 0.01-0.3 cm;
(3) Mixing and stirring the treated copper tailings, water, cement and stones according to a certain proportion to obtain a copper tailing mixture;
(4) The copper tailing mixture is manufactured and processed by adopting the principle of geopolymer, pressed into a certain shape and fired into the final grass planting brick.
Preferably, the copper tailings are crushed into 0.01-0.1 cm of powder particles in the step (2), so that the copper tailings are better mixed with other materials.
Preferably, the proportion of the copper tailings, the cement and the stones in the step (3) is as follows:
50% -80% of copper tailings;
10% -30% of cement;
the sand content is 10% -20%.
Preferably, the copper tailing mixture in the step (4) is manufactured and processed by adopting the principle of geopolymer, and the manufactured brick has the performances of high strength, high temperature resistance, excellent durability, metal ion fixation, quick setting, acid resistance, low pollution and the like.
Preferably, by adopting the principle of geopolymer, the non-renewable limestone resource is not used in the production process, and the CO can be greatly reduced 2 The emission amount of the fertilizer is reduced, so that a large amount of raw materials and energy are saved, and the greenhouse effect is weakened.
Preferably, the step (4) is carried out by pressing under the pressure of 50 to 60MPa.
Preferably, the firing temperature in the step (4) is 1000-1500 ℃, and the firing time is 8-10 h.
Preferably, the length and width of the final grass planting brick are 400mm, the height of the final grass planting brick is 4cm to 5cm, the aperture of a middle circle is 120mm to 200mm, and the radius of a corner of a quarter circle on the corner of the grass planting brick is 60mm to 100mm.
Preferably, the grass planting brick comprises a grass planting brick body (1), a groove (2) and holes (3), wherein the holes (3) are formed in the center of the grass planting brick body (1), the diameter of each hole (3) ranges from 120mm to 200mm, four corners of the periphery of the grass planting brick body (1) are respectively a quarter of an arc, the radius of each arc ranges from 60mm to 100mm, and the groove (2) is horizontally formed in the grass planting brick body (1) and connected with the holes (3) of the adjacent grass planting bricks.
Preferably, the grass planting bricks can be used for planting grass independently or after two grass planting bricks are stacked, the grass planting bricks can be used for planting grass.
Preferably, the holes are filled with substrates such as cow dung, straws, waste soil and the like which are mixed according to a certain proportion, and the proportion is as follows:
20% -40% of cow dung;
30% -50% of straws;
the waste soil is 40% -60%.
Preferably, a certain amount of tall fescue and ryegrass are sowed and planted in the matrix.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
1. the material used by the method of the invention is the copper tailings which can be directly used as the raw material to prepare the grass planting brick after being crushed, and the non-renewable limestone resource is not used in the production process, thereby greatly reducing CO 2 The emission amount of the fertilizer is reduced, so that a large amount of raw materials and energy are saved, and the greenhouse effect is weakened.
2. The ecological grass planting brick prepared by the method is manufactured and processed by adopting the geopolymer principle, and the brick prepared by the geopolymer principle has the properties of high strength, high temperature resistance, excellent durability, capability of fixing metal ions, quick setting, acid resistance, low pollution and the like.
3. The ecological grass planting brick prepared by the method has the length and width of 400mm, the height of 4cm to 5cm, the aperture of a middle circle of 120mm to 200mm, the radius of a quarter circle unfilled corner on the corner of the grass planting brick is 60mm to 100mm, and a large aperture in the middle can plant more plants, so that the ecological restoration is facilitated.
4. The ecological grass planting brick prepared by the method is characterized in that holes of adjacent tiles are connected with a groove, and finally two tiles are combined to form a grass planting brick. Aims to make the substrate in the hole easier to circulate air and exchange materials, so that the rainwater flows into the ground more quickly, the underground water is supplemented in time, the plant grows better, and the ecological restoration is facilitated.
5. The ecological grass planting brick prepared by the method is characterized in that every four grass planting bricks are attached together, so that more holes are formed, plants can be planted in a large area, and the ecological grass planting brick is favorable for accelerating ecological restoration.
6. The ecological grass planting brick prepared by the method can solve the problem of mass accumulation of the copper tailings, and expands the raw material source of the grass planting brick while recycling a large amount of the copper tailings. The method has the advantages of convenient material acquisition and simple operation, solves the problem of copper mine ecological restoration, prevents the loss of plant matrix and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an ecological grass planting brick of the present invention;
fig. 2 shows two ecological grass planting bricks which are stacked for use.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described without limiting in any way, and any variations or alterations based on the teachings of the present invention are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention.
The invention is further illustrated by example 1~6.
Example 1
(1) Removing wood, glass and other large-particle impurities of the copper tailings;
(2) Crushing the treated copper tailings by a crusher to obtain powder particles with the granularity of 0.01-0.3 cm;
(3) Mixing the treated copper tailings, cement and stones according to the proportion of 5:3:2, adding water and stirring to obtain the copper tailing mixture.
(4) The copper tailing mixture is manufactured and processed by adopting the principle of geopolymer, is pressed by adopting the pressure of 50-60MPa, is pressed into a brick flower with a certain shape, and is fired into a final brick flower at the firing temperature of 1000 ℃ for 8 hours. The final length and width of the brick is 400mm, the height is 4cm, the aperture of the middle circle is 120cm, and the radius of the unfilled corner of the quarter circle on the corner of the grass planting brick is 60cm. Two tiles are combined into a grass planting brick.
Example 2
The grass planting brick prepared in the embodiment 1 is applied, and the holes of the grass planting brick are filled with the ground substances such as cow dung, straws, waste soil and the like which are mixed according to a certain proportion, wherein the proportion is as follows:
20% of cow dung;
30 percent of straw;
the waste soil is 50 percent.
Mixing the matrix, filling into the holes of the grass planting brick with a filling height of 5cm, and finally sowing and planting a certain amount of tall fescue and ryegrass in the matrix. The results show that the germination rate of the tall fescue is 90.1 percent, the survival rate is 82.5 percent, the germination rate of the ryegrass is 88.2 percent, and the survival rate is 83.2 percent.
Example 3
The grass planting brick prepared in the embodiment 1 is applied, and the holes of the grass planting brick are filled with the ground substances such as cow dung, straws, waste soil and the like which are mixed according to a certain proportion, wherein the proportion is as follows:
25% of cow dung;
35 percent of straw;
the waste soil is 40 percent.
Mixing the matrix, filling into the holes of the grass planting brick with a filling height of 5cm, and finally sowing and planting a certain amount of tall fescue and ryegrass in the matrix. The results show that the germination rate of the festuca arundinacea is 92.3 percent, the survival rate is 85.5 percent, the germination rate of the ryegrass is 90.3 percent, and the survival rate is 84.7 percent.
Example 4
(1) Removing wood, glass and other large-particle impurities of the copper tailings;
(2) Crushing the treated copper tailings by a crusher to obtain powder particles with the granularity of 0.01-0.3 cm;
(3) Mixing the treated copper tailings, cement and stones according to the weight ratio of 6:2:2, adding water and stirring to obtain the copper tailing mixture.
(4) The copper tailing mixture is manufactured and processed by adopting the principle of geopolymer, is pressed by adopting the pressure of 50-60MPa, is pressed into a brick flower with a certain shape, and is fired into a final brick flower at the firing temperature of 1200 ℃ for 9 hours. The final length and width of the brick is 400mm, the height is 5cm, the aperture of the middle circle is 160mm, and the radius of the unfilled corner of the quarter circle on the corner of the grass planting brick is 80cm. Two flower bricks are combined into a grass planting brick.
Example 5
The grass planting brick prepared in the embodiment 4 is applied, and the holes of the grass planting brick are filled with the ground substances such as cow dung, straws, waste soil and the like which are mixed according to a certain proportion, wherein the proportion is as follows:
20% of cow dung;
30 percent of straw;
the waste soil is 50 percent.
Mixing the matrix, filling into the holes of the grass planting brick with a filling height of 5cm, and finally sowing and planting a certain amount of tall fescue and ryegrass in the matrix. The results show that the germination rate of the festuca arundinacea is 92.3 percent, the survival rate is 88.5 percent, the germination rate of the ryegrass is 90.2 percent, and the survival rate is 86.3 percent.
Example 6
The grass planting brick prepared in the embodiment 4 is applied, and the holes of the grass planting brick are filled with the ground substances such as cow dung, straws, waste soil and the like which are mixed according to a certain proportion, wherein the proportion is as follows:
25% of cow dung;
35 percent of straw;
the waste soil is 40 percent.
Mixing the matrix, filling into the holes of the grass planting brick with a filling height of 5cm, and finally sowing and planting a certain amount of tall fescue and ryegrass in the matrix. The results show that the germination rate of the festuca arundinacea is 93.3 percent, the survival rate is 86.6 percent, the germination rate of the ryegrass is 90.2 percent, and the survival rate is 86.5 percent.
Example 7
(1) Removing wood, glass and other large-particle impurities of the copper tailings;
(2) Crushing the treated copper tailings by a crusher to obtain powder particles with the granularity of 0.01-0.3 cm;
(3) And (3) mixing the treated copper tailings, cement and stones according to the weight ratio of 7:2:1, adding water and stirring to obtain the copper tailing mixture.
(4) The copper tailing mixture is manufactured and processed by adopting the principle of geopolymer, is pressed by adopting the pressure of 50-60MPa, is pressed into a brick flower with a certain shape, and is fired into a final brick flower at the firing temperature of 1300 ℃ for 10 hours. The final flower brick has a length and width of 400mm, a height of 5cm, a middle circle aperture of 200cm, and a quarter circle unfilled corner radius on the corner of the grass planting brick of 100cm. Two tiles are combined into a grass planting brick.
Example 8
The grass planting brick prepared in the embodiment 7 is applied, and the holes of the grass planting brick are filled with the ground substances such as cow dung, straws, waste soil and the like which are mixed according to a certain proportion, wherein the proportion is as follows:
20% of cow dung;
30 percent of straw;
the waste soil is 50 percent.
Mixing the matrix, filling into the holes of the grass planting brick with a filling height of 5cm, and finally sowing and planting a certain amount of tall fescue and ryegrass in the matrix. The results show that the germination rate of the tall fescue is 95.1 percent, the survival rate is 90.3 percent, the germination rate of the ryegrass is 92.4 percent, and the survival rate is 88.6 percent.
Example 9
The grass planting brick prepared in the embodiment 7 is applied, and the holes of the grass planting brick are filled with the ground substances such as cow dung, straws, waste soil and the like which are mixed according to a certain proportion, wherein the proportion is as follows:
25% of cow dung;
35 percent of straw;
the waste soil is 40 percent.
Mixing the matrix, filling into the holes of grass planting bricks with a filling height of 5cm, and finally sowing and planting a certain amount of tall fescue and ryegrass in the matrix. The results show that the germination rate of the tall fescue is 95.5 percent, the survival rate is 91.1 percent, the germination rate of the ryegrass is 93.4 percent, and the survival rate is 89.7 percent.
In the experimental examples 1-9, the germination rate and survival rate of the tall fescue and the ryegrass exceed 80%, and when the hole area of the grass planting brick is fixed, the germination rate and survival rate of the ryegrass are improved to a certain extent along with the increase of the proportion of the cow dung and the straws. When the matrix components are constant, the germination rate and the survival rate of the ryegrass can be improved to a certain extent along with the increase of the hole area of the grass planting bricks.

Claims (9)

1. A method for preparing in-situ ecological grass planting bricks by using copper mine tailings is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Removing wood, glass and other large-particle impurities of the copper tailings;
(2) Crushing the treated copper tailings by a crusher to obtain powder particles with the particle size of 0.01-0.3 cm;
(3) Mixing the treated copper tailings, cement and sand in proportion, adding water and stirring to obtain a copper tailing mixture;
(4) The obtained copper tailing mixture is manufactured and processed by adopting the principle of geopolymer, is pressed and formed and is fired to obtain the grass planting brick.
2. The method for preparing ecological grass planting bricks for in-situ use by using copper mine tailings according to claim 1, wherein the step (2) is implemented by crushing powder particles with the particle size of 0.01-0.1 cm.
3. The method for preparing in-situ ecological grass planting bricks by using copper mine tailings according to claim 1, wherein the proportion of the copper tailings, cement and stones in the step (3) is as follows:
50% -80% of copper tailings;
10% -30% of cement;
the sand content is 10% -20%.
4. The method for preparing the in-situ ecological grass planting brick by using the copper mine tailings according to claim 1, wherein the pressing pressure in the step (4) is 50 to 60MPa.
5. The method for preparing the ecological grass planting brick for in-situ use by utilizing the copper mine tailings as claimed in claim 1, wherein the firing temperature in the step (4) is 1000-1500 ℃, and the firing time is 8-10h.
6. The method for preparing the in-situ ecological grass planting brick by using the copper mine tailings according to claim 1, wherein the grass planting brick comprises a grass planting brick body (1), a groove (2) and a hole (3), the hole (3) is formed in the center of the grass planting brick body (1), the diameter of the hole (3) is 120mm to 200mm, four corners of the periphery of the grass planting brick body (1) are respectively a quarter circular arc, the radius of the circular arc is 60mm to 100mm, and the groove (2) is horizontally arranged on the grass planting brick body (1) and connected with the hole (3) of the adjacent grass planting brick.
7. The method for preparing the in-situ ecological grass planting brick by using the copper mine tailings according to claim 1, wherein the length and the width of the grass planting brick body (1) are 400mm, and the height is 4cm to 5cm.
8. The method for preparing in-situ ecological grass planting bricks by using copper mine tailings according to claim 1, wherein the grass planting bricks can be used for planting grass independently or can be used for planting grass after two grass planting bricks are stacked.
9. The method for preparing in-situ ecological grass planting bricks by using copper mine tailings according to claim 1, wherein the method for using the grass planting bricks is to fill the holes with a matrix mixed according to a certain proportion, and the proportion of the matrix is as follows: 20-40% of cow dung, 30-50% of straw and 40-60% of waste soil; and then sowing and planting tall fescue or ryegrass.
CN202211034793.XA 2022-08-26 2022-08-26 Method for preparing in-situ ecological grass planting bricks by using copper mine tailings Pending CN115213998A (en)

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104692720A (en) * 2015-02-02 2015-06-10 武汉市天沭科技发展有限公司 Copper tailing baking-free brick and preparation method thereof
CN107012993A (en) * 2017-05-15 2017-08-04 杨水龙 A kind of utilization building waste makes the method and its obtained product of roof greening grass-planting brick
CN213819073U (en) * 2020-10-27 2021-07-30 江西农业大学 Be used for prosthetic grass planting brick of tombarthite tailing and tombarthite tailing environment to restore structure
CN113480211A (en) * 2021-07-14 2021-10-08 北京荣露材料科技有限公司 Ternary coupling excited tailing powder and product thereof

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104692720A (en) * 2015-02-02 2015-06-10 武汉市天沭科技发展有限公司 Copper tailing baking-free brick and preparation method thereof
CN107012993A (en) * 2017-05-15 2017-08-04 杨水龙 A kind of utilization building waste makes the method and its obtained product of roof greening grass-planting brick
CN213819073U (en) * 2020-10-27 2021-07-30 江西农业大学 Be used for prosthetic grass planting brick of tombarthite tailing and tombarthite tailing environment to restore structure
CN113480211A (en) * 2021-07-14 2021-10-08 北京荣露材料科技有限公司 Ternary coupling excited tailing powder and product thereof

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