CN115213075A - Spraying method of aluminum alloy section and aluminum alloy section - Google Patents
Spraying method of aluminum alloy section and aluminum alloy section Download PDFInfo
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- CN115213075A CN115213075A CN202210545278.1A CN202210545278A CN115213075A CN 115213075 A CN115213075 A CN 115213075A CN 202210545278 A CN202210545278 A CN 202210545278A CN 115213075 A CN115213075 A CN 115213075A
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- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 125
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 89
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 79
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000005488 sandblasting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000005238 degreasing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 60
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 59
- NIQCNGHVCWTJSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethyl phthalate Chemical compound COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OC NIQCNGHVCWTJSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 32
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 32
- NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoromethane Chemical compound FC NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000002966 varnish Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- POAOYUHQDCAZBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-butoxyethanol Chemical compound CCCCOCCO POAOYUHQDCAZBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 16
- FBSAITBEAPNWJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl phthalate Natural products CC(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1OC(C)=O FBSAITBEAPNWJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 229960001826 dimethylphthalate Drugs 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trioxochromium Chemical compound O=[Cr](=O)=O WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- WVYWICLMDOOCFB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methyl-2-pentanol Chemical compound CC(C)CC(C)O WVYWICLMDOOCFB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- MIMUSZHMZBJBPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-methoxy-8-nitroquinoline Chemical compound N1=CC=CC2=CC(OC)=CC([N+]([O-])=O)=C21 MIMUSZHMZBJBPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 14
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 6
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 3
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007590 electrostatic spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007665 sagging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000029152 Small face Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229940098458 powder spray Drugs 0.000 description 1
- XOFYZVNMUHMLCC-ZPOLXVRWSA-N prednisone Chemical compound O=C1C=C[C@]2(C)[C@H]3C(=O)C[C@](C)([C@@](CC4)(O)C(=O)CO)[C@@H]4[C@@H]3CCC2=C1 XOFYZVNMUHMLCC-ZPOLXVRWSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D7/14—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials to metal, e.g. car bodies
- B05D7/16—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials to metal, e.g. car bodies using synthetic lacquers or varnishes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D1/02—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by spraying
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D1/36—Successively applying liquids or other fluent materials, e.g. without intermediate treatment
- B05D1/38—Successively applying liquids or other fluent materials, e.g. without intermediate treatment with intermediate treatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D3/002—Pretreatement
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D7/50—Multilayers
- B05D7/56—Three layers or more
- B05D7/57—Three layers or more the last layer being a clear coat
- B05D7/572—Three layers or more the last layer being a clear coat all layers being cured or baked together
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D7/50—Multilayers
- B05D7/56—Three layers or more
- B05D7/57—Three layers or more the last layer being a clear coat
- B05D7/574—Three layers or more the last layer being a clear coat at least some layers being let to dry at least partially before applying the next layer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D7/50—Multilayers
- B05D7/56—Three layers or more
- B05D7/57—Three layers or more the last layer being a clear coat
- B05D7/576—Three layers or more the last layer being a clear coat each layer being cured, at least partially, separately
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D2202/00—Metallic substrate
- B05D2202/20—Metallic substrate based on light metals
- B05D2202/25—Metallic substrate based on light metals based on Al
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a spraying method of an aluminum alloy section and the aluminum alloy section, and relates to the technical field of coatings. The spraying method comprises the steps of carrying out sand blasting, degreasing and passivation on the aluminum alloy section, then spraying primer on the groove and/or the inner corner part by using a hand spray gun, spraying primer on other parts by using an automatic coating system, and drying the primer; spraying a mixture of primer and finish paint on the groove and/or the inner corner part by using a hand spray gun, drying, spraying finish paint on the groove and/or the inner corner part by using the hand spray gun, spraying finish paint on other parts by using an automatic coating system, and drying; and (4) spraying, cleaning and heating to solidify all areas to be sprayed by adopting an automatic coating system. The spraying method of the invention can form thicker coating with even film thickness at the groove/inner corner; the problems of poor coating adhesion and color difference of finished products are avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of coatings, in particular to a spraying method of an aluminum alloy section and the aluminum alloy section.
Background
The fluorocarbon paint spraying surface treatment mode of the aluminum profile adopts fluorocarbon (PVDF) resin paint, so that the aluminum profile has the decoration and protection performances of super weather resistance, chemical corrosion resistance and the like, and is widely applied to building door and window or curtain wall structures. Fluorocarbon coatings are classified into fluorocarbon primers, fluorocarbon finishes, fluorocarbon varnishes, and the like according to performance differences. The existing fluorocarbon paint spraying method is a high-voltage electrostatic spraying method, and adopts a semi-automatic spraying mode on the surface of a section by utilizing a side spraying machine mode. However, due to the faraday shielding effect of the electrostatic spraying method, the coating is difficult to adhere to the inner surface of the concave part of the coated object. Specifically, when the spraying, because faraday shielding effect, positions such as recess, interior angle are difficult to spray paint particles, and paint particles often preferentially adsorb sharp-pointed positions such as the adjacent corner of recess, interior angle, cause the corner of aluminium alloy and the adsorbed coating in facet position more easily, and the adsorbed coating in positions such as recess, interior angle is few, appears leaking even and spouts the phenomenon. The phenomenon of leaking spray can cause the corrosion resistance of the part of the product to be poor and the service life of the product to be reduced. If the thickness of the primer layer is too thin, the problems of poor adhesion and corrosion resistance are easy to occur, and if the thickness of the finishing paint layer is too thin, the phenomena of large color difference and gloss loss are easy to occur. If the film thickness of the groove, the inner corner and other parts needs to be increased, the coating of the corner and the small face parts is thicker due to the increased spraying oil quantity and spraying times, and therefore the phenomena of sagging, paint bubbles and the like occur.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a spraying method for an aluminum alloy section, which can form a coating with good performance on a groove and an inner corner part.
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that,
in order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a spraying method of an aluminum alloy section, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Providing an aluminum alloy profile base material;
(2) Carrying out sand blasting treatment on the aluminum alloy profile base material;
(3) Degreasing the aluminum alloy section base material subjected to sand blasting;
(4) Forming a passivation film on the surface of the degreased aluminum alloy profile base material by adopting a passivator;
(5) Spraying primer to the groove and/or the inner corner of the aluminum alloy section base material by using a manual spray gun to form a first primer layer with the thickness of 5-10 mu m;
(6) Spraying the primer to other parts to be sprayed of the aluminum alloy section base material by adopting an automatic coating system to form a second primer layer with the thickness of 5-15 microns;
(7) Drying the first and second primer layers;
(8) Spraying the first coating to the groove and/or the inner corner of the aluminum alloy section material by using a manual spray gun to form a first surface coating with the thickness of 10-15 mu m;
(9) Drying the first side coating;
(10) Spraying finish paint to grooves and/or inner corners of the aluminum alloy section base material by using a manual spray gun to form a second surface coating with the thickness of 10-15 mu m;
(11) Spraying finish paint to other parts to be sprayed of the aluminum alloy section base material by adopting an automatic coating system to form a third surface coating with the thickness of 20-30 mu m;
(12) Drying the second and third facer coatings;
(13) Spraying varnish to the groove and/or the inner corner part and other parts to be sprayed of the aluminum alloy section base material by adopting an automatic coating system to form a varnish layer;
(14) Drying the varnish layer;
(15) Curing the aluminum alloy section base material obtained in the step (14) at 230-245 ℃;
the first coating is a mixture of a finish paint and a primer, and the weight ratio of the primer to the finish paint is 1: (3-5).
As an improvement of the technical scheme, in the step (5), the step (8) and/or the step (10), the spraying voltage is less than or equal to 10kV, the spraying distance is 20-30 cm, and the atomization air pressure is 0.1-0.2 MPa; and during spraying, the running track of the manual spray gun is kept parallel to the suspension direction of the aluminum alloy section base material.
As an improvement of the technical proposal, in the step (6) and/or the step (11), the spraying voltage is 70 to 80kV, the spraying distance is 25 to 35cm, and the atomization air pressure is 0.1 to 0.2MPa.
As an improvement of the technical scheme, the primer comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
10 to 20 percent of fluorocarbon resin, 8 to 15 percent of acrylic resin, 2 to 4 percent of epoxy resin, 10 to 15 percent of pigment and filler, 10 to 15 percent of dimethylbenzene, 10 to 20 percent of methylbenzene, 8 to 12 percent of dimethyl phthalate and 5 to 15 percent of 4-methyl-2-pentanol.
As an improvement of the technical scheme, the finish paint comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
15 to 25 percent of fluorocarbon resin, 6 to 15 percent of acrylic resin, 8 to 15 percent of pigment and filler, 10 to 12.5 percent of dimethylbenzene, 15 to 20 percent of methylbenzene, 8 to 12 percent of dimethyl phthalate and 8 to 12 percent of 2-butoxyethanol.
As an improvement of the technical scheme, the varnish comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
22 to 32 percent of fluorocarbon resin, 8 to 15 percent of acrylic resin, 2 to 4 percent of filler, 10 to 15 percent of dimethylbenzene, 12 to 20 percent of methylbenzene, 8 to 12 percent of dimethyl phthalate, and 8 to 12 percent of 2-butoxyethanol.
As an improvement of the above technical solution, in the step (2), the deep groove is aligned to sand blasting during sand blasting;
in the step (4), the passivator comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
6-9% of chromic anhydride, 28-32% of phosphoric acid, 6-9% of ammonium bifluoride, 1-2% of boric acid and the balance of water.
In the step (7), the first primer layer and the second primer layer are flash dried at the temperature of 20-30 ℃ for 5-8 min;
and (12) carrying out flash drying on the second surface coating and the third surface coating at the temperature of 20-30 ℃ for 5-8 min.
As an improvement of the technical scheme, in the step (9), the first surface coating is flashed at the temperature of 20-30 ℃ for 5-8 min and then baked at the temperature of 160-200 ℃ for 5-15 min.
Correspondingly, the invention also discloses an aluminum alloy section which is coated by adopting the spraying method.
The implementation of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. in the spraying method, the spraying schemes of spraying primer by hand, spraying finish mixture by hand, spraying finish by hand and automatically spraying varnish are adopted for the groove/inner angle part of the aluminum alloy section material substrate. Based on the spraying scheme, a thicker coating with uniform film thickness is formed at the groove/inner corner part; the problems of poor coating adhesion and color difference of finished products are avoided.
2. In the spraying method, when the groove/inner corner part of the aluminum alloy section material is sprayed, the step of spraying the mixture of the finish paint and the primer is included. Through the steps, the problem of poor adhesion of the coating can be effectively solved.
3. According to the spraying method, when the groove/inner corner part of the aluminum alloy section material is sprayed, after a primer and finish paint mixture is sprayed by hands, baking is carried out at 160-200 ℃, so that the quality problems that paint bubbles are easy to appear and the like due to excessive paint adsorption on sharp corner parts adjacent to the groove and the inner corner part can be avoided. Furthermore, the running track of the hand spray gun is set to be parallel to the hanging direction of the section bar, so that the adsorption quantity of sharp parts at corners can be reduced, and the defect of paint bubbles is prevented.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an aluminum profile in example 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below.
The invention provides an aluminum profile spraying method, which comprises the following steps:
s1: providing an aluminum alloy profile base material;
specifically, the aluminum alloy section base material is provided with a groove and/or an inner angle part. The ratio of the depth of the groove to the width of the bottom of the groove is more than or equal to 2, the groove is in a shape with a narrow notch and a wide bottom, and the groove is difficult to effectively spray by adopting a conventional process. The inner corner mainly refers to
The inner angle part of the cantilever invagination in the aluminum alloy section bar in the shape of the Chinese character 'ji'; the interior corners are also difficult to spray effectively using conventional techniques.
S2: carrying out sand blasting treatment on the base material of the aluminum alloy section;
through sand blasting, the surface of the aluminum alloy profile base material can be roughened, and the coating can be conveniently adsorbed at the later stage. Preferably, in one embodiment of the present invention, the grooves and/or the inner corner portions are aligned with the blasting ports during blasting to increase the roughness of the above portions.
S3: degreasing the aluminum alloy section base material subjected to sand blasting; (ii) a
Specifically, degreasing liquid is adopted for cleaning to remove surface oil stains, and the degreasing etching amount is more than or equal to 1.0g/m 2 Preferably 2 to 10g/m 2 But is not limited thereto.
Further, after the degreasing solution is used for cleaning, the aluminum alloy section bar base material is cleaned by using clear water.
S4: forming a passivation film on the surface of the degreased aluminum alloy profile base material by adopting a passivator;
specifically, a passivation film may be formed using a passivation agent commonly used in the art. Preferably, in an embodiment of the present invention, the passivating agent comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
6-9% of chromic anhydride, 28-32% of phosphoric acid, 6-9% of ammonium bifluoride, 1-2% of boric acid and the balance of water. Based on the passivant treatment, the color difference between the groove/inner angle part and other parts after spraying is avoided. Further, the passivating agent is diluted by using water with the same volume when in use.
Preferably, after cleaning with the passivating agent, the film weight of the passivating film is controlled to be 400-1200 mg/m 2 . When the film is too heavyWhen the size is large, obvious color difference exists between the groove/inner corner part and other parts after spraying.
Preferably, after the aluminum alloy section base material is washed by the passivating agent, the aluminum alloy section base material is washed by water for one time or more times and then dried, wherein the drying temperature is 60-90 ℃, and the drying time is 10-30 min, but the method is not limited to this.
S5: spraying the primer to the groove and/or the inner angle part of the aluminum alloy section base material by using a manual spray gun to form a first primer layer with the thickness of 5-10 mu m;
specifically, the manual spray gun is a corona discharge type electrostatic powder spray gun commonly used in the art, but is not limited thereto. The spraying process parameters are as follows: the spraying voltage is less than or equal to 10kV, preferably 5-8 kV; the spraying distance is 20-30 cm, and the atomizing pressure is 0.1-0.2 MPa.
Preferably, in an embodiment of the present invention, the trajectory of the manual spray gun should be kept parallel to the hanging direction of the aluminum alloy profile base material, so as to reduce the paint adsorption amount of sharp corner parts at the groove, the inner corner and the like, and prevent the generation of the paint bubble defect.
Wherein, the primer adopted by the spraying is fluorocarbon resin type powder coating which is common in the field. Preferably, in one embodiment of the present invention, the primer comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
10 to 20 percent of fluorocarbon resin, 8 to 15 percent of acrylic resin, 2 to 4 percent of epoxy resin, 10 to 15 percent of pigment and filler, 10 to 15 percent of dimethylbenzene, 10 to 20 percent of methylbenzene, 8 to 12 percent of dimethyl phthalate and 5 to 15 percent of 4-methyl-2-pentanol. Further, when in use, the primer is firstly diluted by a diluent to have the viscosity of 10-13 seconds (a 2# cup test in a rock field); the diluent may be one or more of toluene, xylene, and butanone, but is not limited thereto.
S6: spraying the primer to other parts to be sprayed of the aluminum alloy section base material by adopting an automatic coating system to form a second primer layer with the thickness of 5-15 microns;
in particular, the automatic coating system is a high-voltage electrostatic powder automatic coating system commonly used in the field. The spraying process parameters are as follows: the spraying voltage is 70-80 kV, the spraying distance is 25-35 cm, and the atomization air pressure is 0.1-0.2 MPa.
S7: drying the first and second primer layers;
specifically, the flash drying is carried out for 5-8 min at 20-30 ℃, but the flash drying is not limited to the above.
S8: spraying the first coating to the groove and/or the inner corner of the aluminum alloy section material by using a manual spray gun to form a first surface coating with the thickness of 10-15 mu m;
wherein the first coating is a mixture of a finish coat and a primer, and the weight ratio of the primer to the finish coat is 1: (3-5). The first coating is adopted for spraying, so that the thickness of the primer is increased to a certain extent, and the overall adhesive force of the coating film at the groove/inner corner part is improved.
Specifically, the finish paint is fluorocarbon resin type powder paint which is common in the field. Preferably, in an embodiment of the present invention, the top coat comprises the following components by weight:
15 to 25 percent of fluorocarbon resin, 6 to 15 percent of acrylic resin, 8 to 15 percent of pigment and filler, 10 to 12.5 percent of dimethylbenzene, 15 to 20 percent of methylbenzene, 8 to 12 percent of dimethyl phthalate and 8 to 12 percent of 2-butoxyethanol.
Further, when in use, the primer and the finish coat are firstly mixed according to the proportion of 1: (3-5) are mixed to a first paint and then diluted with a diluent to a viscosity of 15-25 seconds (rockfield # 2 cup test), and then sprayed. The diluent may be one or more of toluene, xylene, and ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, but is not limited thereto.
Specifically, the spraying process parameters are as follows: the spraying voltage is less than or equal to 10kV, preferably 5-8 kV; the spraying distance is 20-30 cm, and the atomizing pressure is 0.1-0.2 MPa. Furthermore, the running track of the manual spray gun is kept parallel to the hanging direction of the aluminum alloy section bar base material, so that the paint adsorption quantity of sharp corner parts at the positions of a groove, an inner corner and the like is reduced, and the paint bubble defect is prevented from being generated.
S9: drying the first side coating;
specifically, the first surface coating is flashed off for 5-8 min at 20-30 ℃, but is not limited thereto.
Preferably, in an embodiment of the invention, after the first side coating is flash-dried, the first side coating is continuously baked at 160-200 ℃ for 5-15 min, and through baking, not only can the adhesion force of the paint film be further improved, but also the defects that paint bubbles and the like are easy to appear due to excessive paint adsorption on the grooves and the sharp corner parts adjacent to the inner corner parts can be avoided.
Further, after the baking is finished, the aluminum profile base material is cooled to room temperature (20-35 ℃) and then the subsequent processes are carried out.
S10: spraying finish paint to grooves and/or inner corners of the aluminum alloy section base material by using a manual spray gun to form a second surface coating with the thickness of 10-15 mu m;
specifically, the topcoat was diluted to a viscosity of 15-25 seconds (field 2 cup test) and then sprayed. The diluent may be one or more of toluene, xylene, and ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, but is not limited thereto.
Specifically, the spraying process parameters are as follows: the spraying voltage is less than or equal to 10kV, preferably 5-8 kV; the spraying distance is 20-30 cm, and the atomizing pressure is 0.1-0.2 MPa. Furthermore, the running track of the manual spray gun is kept parallel to the hanging direction of the aluminum alloy section bar base material, so that the paint adsorption quantity of sharp corner parts at the positions of a groove, an inner corner and the like is reduced, and the paint bubble defect is prevented from being generated.
S11: spraying finish paint to other parts to be sprayed of the aluminum alloy profile base material by adopting an automatic coating system to form a third surface coating with the thickness of 20-30 mu m;
specifically, the topcoat was diluted to a viscosity of 15-25 seconds (rockfield # 2 cup test) and then sprayed. The diluent may be one or more of toluene, xylene, and ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, but is not limited thereto.
Specifically, the spraying process parameters are as follows: the spraying voltage is 70-80 kV, the spraying distance is 25-35 cm, and the atomization air pressure is 0.1-0.2 MPa.
S12: drying the second side coating and the third side coating;
specifically, the second surface coating and the third surface coating are flash dried for 5-8 min at 20-30 ℃, but not limited thereto.
S13: spraying varnish to the groove and/or the inner corner part and other parts to be sprayed of the aluminum alloy section base material by adopting an automatic coating system to form a varnish layer;
in particular, the varnish is fluorocarbon resin type powder coating which is common in the field. Preferably, in one embodiment of the present invention, the varnish comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
22 to 32 percent of fluorocarbon resin, 8 to 15 percent of acrylic resin, 2 to 4 percent of filler, 10 to 15 percent of dimethylbenzene, 12 to 20 percent of methylbenzene, 8 to 12 percent of dimethyl phthalate, and 8 to 12 percent of 2-butoxyethanol.
Further, when used, the varnish is diluted with a diluent to have a viscosity of 10 to 15 seconds (a 2# cup test in a rock field) and then sprayed. The diluent may be one or more of toluene, xylene, and ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, but is not limited thereto.
Specifically, the spraying process parameters are as follows: the spraying voltage is 70-80 kV, the spraying distance is 25-35 cm, and the atomizing air pressure is 0.1-0.2 MPa.
Specifically, after spraying, the thickness of the varnish layer is 5-15 μm.
S14: drying the varnish layer;
specifically, the varnish layer is flash dried for 5-8 min at 20-30 ℃, but is not limited thereto.
S15: solidifying the aluminum alloy section base material obtained in the step S14 at 230-245 ℃;
specifically, the organic matter in the coating film can be volatilized through curing, and the coating film is melted, leveled and cured into a continuous, flat and smooth coating. Specifically, the curing time is not less than 5min, preferably 10-20 min, but not limited thereto.
Further, after high-temperature curing, cooling the aluminum alloy section to room temperature to obtain a finished product of the aluminum alloy section.
The invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples:
example 1
The embodiment provides a spraying method of an aluminum alloy profile, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Providing an aluminum alloy profile base material; wherein, the aluminum alloy base material is provided with a deep groove part (refer to fig. 1), the width W1 of the notch of the deep groove is 50mm, and the width W2 of the bottom is 70mm; the depth D is 114mm;
(2) Carrying out sand blasting treatment on the base material of the aluminum alloy section;
(3) Degreasing the aluminum alloy section base material subjected to sand blasting; wherein the etching amount is 4g/m 2 ；
(4) Forming a passivation film on the surface of the degreased aluminum alloy profile base material by adopting a passivator;
the formula of the passivator is as follows: chromic anhydride 8%, phosphoric acid 31%, ammonium bifluoride 7%, boric acid 2%, and water (when used, diluted to 50%); the weight of the passive film is 600mg/m 2 ；
(5) Spraying primer to the grooves and/or inner corners of the aluminum alloy section base material by using a manual spray gun to form a first primer layer with the thickness of 6 mu m;
wherein, the formula of the primer is as follows: 14% of fluorocarbon resin, 12% of acrylic resin, 4% of epoxy resin, 13% of pigment and filler, 13% of xylene, 18% of toluene, 10% of dimethyl phthalate and 14% of 4-methyl-2-pentanol; when used, the mixture was diluted with toluene to a viscosity of 12 seconds.
The spraying process parameters are as follows: the electrostatic voltage is 2kV, the spraying distance is 22cm, and the atomization air pressure is 0.14MPa; the spraying direction is vertical to the suspension direction of the section;
(6) Spraying the primer to other parts to be sprayed of the aluminum alloy section base material by adopting an automatic coating system to form a second primer layer with the thickness of 10 mu m;
wherein, the primer formula is as follows: 14% of fluorocarbon resin, 12% of acrylic resin, 4% of epoxy resin, 13% of pigment and filler, 13% of xylene, 18% of toluene, 10% of dimethyl phthalate and 14% of 4-methyl-2-pentanol; when used, the mixture was diluted with toluene to a viscosity of 12 seconds.
The spraying process parameters are as follows: the electrostatic voltage is 74kV, the spraying distance is 32cm, and the atomization air pressure is 0.13MPa.
(7) Flash drying the first and second primer layers for 6min at 25 ℃;
(8) Spraying a first coating to the groove and/or the inner angle part of the aluminum alloy section base material by using a manual spray gun to form a first surface coating with the thickness of 13 mu m;
wherein, the primer formula is as follows: 14% of fluorocarbon resin, 12% of acrylic resin, 4% of epoxy resin, 13% of pigment and filler, 13% of xylene, 18% of toluene, 10% of dimethyl phthalate and 14% of 4-methyl-2-pentanol;
the formula of the finish paint is as follows: 22% of fluorocarbon resin, 10% of acrylic resin, 14% of pigment and filler, 12% of xylene, 18% of toluene, 12% of dimethyl phthalate and 12% of 2-butoxyethanol.
When the primer is used, the primer and the finish paint are uniformly mixed according to the weight ratio of 1.
Wherein, the spraying process parameters are as follows: the electrostatic voltage is 2kV, the spraying distance is 25cm, and the atomization air pressure is 0.15MPa; the spraying direction is vertical to the suspension direction of the section;
(9) Flash drying the first side coating at 25 ℃ for 3min;
(10) Spraying finish paint to grooves and/or inner corners of the aluminum alloy section base material by using a manual spray gun to form a second surface coating with the thickness of 14 mu m;
wherein, the formula of the finish paint is as follows: 22% of fluorocarbon resin, 10% of acrylic resin, 14% of pigment and filler, 12% of xylene, 18% of toluene, 12% of dimethyl phthalate and 12% of 2-butoxyethanol. When in use, firstly ethylene glycol monobutyl ether is adopted to dilute until the viscosity is 18 seconds.
Wherein, the spraying process parameters are as follows: the electrostatic voltage is 6kV, the spraying distance is 23cm, and the atomization air pressure is 0.15MPa; the spraying direction is vertical to the suspension direction of the section;
(11) Spraying finish paint to other parts to be sprayed of the aluminum alloy section base material by adopting an automatic coating system to form a third surface coating with the thickness of 25 mu m;
wherein, the formula of the finish paint is as follows: 22% of fluorocarbon resin, 10% of acrylic resin, 14% of pigment and filler, 12% of xylene, 18% of toluene, 12% of dimethyl phthalate and 12% of 2-butoxyethanol. When in use, firstly ethylene glycol monobutyl ether is adopted to dilute until the viscosity is 18 seconds.
Wherein, the spraying process parameters are as follows: the electrostatic voltage is 75kV, the spraying distance is 31cm, and the atomization air pressure is 0.14MPa;
(12) Flash drying the second and third side coatings at 25 ℃ for 6min;
(13) Spraying varnish to the groove and/or the inner corner part and other parts to be sprayed of the aluminum alloy section base material by adopting an automatic coating system to form a varnish layer with the thickness of 12 mu m;
wherein, the varnish formula is as follows: 31% of fluorocarbon resin, 11% of acrylic resin, 4% of filler, 14% of xylene, 18% of toluene, 11% of dimethyl phthalate and 11% of 2-butoxyethanol. When in use, the mixture is diluted by adopting dimethylbenzene until the viscosity is 12 seconds;
the spraying process parameters are as follows: the electrostatic voltage is 78kV, the spraying distance is 34cm, and the atomization air pressure is 0.11MPa.
(14) Flashing off the varnish layer at 25 ℃ for 8min;
(15) And (5) curing the aluminum alloy profile base material obtained in the step (14) at 240 ℃ for 15min.
Example 2
The present embodiment provides a spraying method of an aluminum alloy profile, which is different from embodiment 1 in that:
1. in the steps (5), (8) and (11), the spraying direction is parallel to the suspension direction of the section bar;
2. in step (9), after the first side coating is flashed off, it is baked at 180 ℃ for 8min.
The rest is the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example provides a spraying method of an aluminum alloy profile, which is different from example 1 in that:
the spraying is carried out by completely adopting an automatic coating system without adopting a manual spraying scheme, wherein the spraying thickness of the primer layer is 20 mu m, the spraying thickness of the finish layer is 40 mu m, and the spraying thickness of the clear paint layer is 15 mu m. The spray parameters for each layer were the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 2
This comparative example provides a spraying method of an aluminum alloy profile, which is different from example 1 in that:
in step (10), a topcoat having a thickness of 27 μm was directly sprayed, excluding steps (8) and (9). The rest is the same as the examples.
The coating quality of the aluminum alloy sections obtained in examples 1 to 2 and comparative examples 1 to 2 was evaluated, and specifically included:
(1) Visually checking whether the film has the defects of sagging, paint bubbles, obvious chromatic aberration and uneven thickness;
(2) Testing the chroma of the middle part and the non-groove part of the groove (GB/T11186), and calculating the color difference delta E, wherein the chroma is as follows:
in the formula, Δ L, Δ a, and Δ b are differences between the lightness L and the chroma indices a and b in the middle portion of the groove and the non-groove portion, respectively.
(3) Judging the uniformity of the film thickness:
A. the film thickness (GB/T13452.2) of the central part of the bottom of the groove and the film thickness of the edge part of the bottom of the groove are respectively measured, and the difference between the two is calculated:
ΔT 1 ＝|T m -T e |
in the formula, T m Is the thickness of the film at the center of the bottom of the groove, T e Is the film thickness at the bottom edge of the groove.
B. Respectively measuring the film thickness and the film thickness (GB/T13452.2) of the corner (perpendicular to the groove wall) at the top end of the groove at the central part of the bottom of the groove and calculating the difference value between the two:
ΔT 2 ＝|T m -T c |
in the formula, T m Is the thickness of the film at the center of the bottom of the groove, T c The thickness of the film is the corner at the top end of the groove.
The specific results are shown in the following table:
while the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A spraying method of an aluminum alloy profile is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Providing an aluminum alloy profile base material;
(2) Carrying out sand blasting treatment on the aluminum alloy profile base material;
(3) Degreasing the aluminum alloy section base material subjected to sand blasting;
(4) Forming a passivation film on the surface of the degreased aluminum alloy profile base material by adopting a passivator;
(5) Spraying primer to the groove and/or the inner corner of the aluminum alloy section base material by using a manual spray gun to form a first primer layer with the thickness of 5-10 mu m;
(6) Spraying the primer to other parts to be sprayed of the aluminum alloy section base material by adopting an automatic coating system to form a second primer layer with the thickness of 5-15 microns;
(7) Drying the first and second primer layers;
(8) Spraying the first coating to the groove and/or the inner corner of the aluminum alloy section material by using a manual spray gun to form a first surface coating with the thickness of 10-15 mu m;
(9) Drying the first side coating;
(10) Spraying finish paint to grooves and/or inner corners of the aluminum alloy section base material by using a manual spray gun to form a second surface coating with the thickness of 10-15 mu m;
(11) Spraying finish paint to other parts to be sprayed of the aluminum alloy profile base material by adopting an automatic coating system to form a third surface coating with the thickness of 20-30 mu m;
(12) Drying the second and third facecoats;
(13) Spraying varnish to the groove and/or the inner corner part and other parts to be sprayed of the aluminum alloy section base material by adopting an automatic coating system to form a varnish layer;
(14) Drying the varnish layer;
(15) Curing the aluminum alloy section base material obtained in the step (14) at 230-245 ℃;
the first coating is a mixture of a finish paint and a primer, and the weight ratio of the primer to the finish paint is 1: (3-5).
2. The spraying method of an aluminum alloy profile as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (5), the step (8) and/or the step (10), the spraying voltage is not more than 10kV, the spraying distance is 20 to 30cm, and the atomizing air pressure is 0.1 to 0.2MPa; and when spraying, the running track of the manual spray gun is kept parallel to the hanging direction of the aluminum alloy section base material.
3. The spraying method of an aluminum alloy profile as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (6) and/or the step (11), the spraying voltage is 70 to 80kV, the spraying distance is 25 to 35cm, and the atomizing air pressure is 0.1 to 0.2MPa.
4. The method for spraying an aluminum alloy profile according to claim 1, wherein the primer comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
10 to 20 percent of fluorocarbon resin, 8 to 15 percent of acrylic resin, 2 to 4 percent of epoxy resin, 10 to 15 percent of pigment and filler, 10 to 15 percent of dimethylbenzene, 10 to 20 percent of methylbenzene, 8 to 12 percent of dimethyl phthalate and 5 to 15 percent of 4-methyl-2-pentanol.
5. The spraying method of the aluminum alloy profile according to claim 1, wherein the finish paint comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
15 to 25 percent of fluorocarbon resin, 6 to 15 percent of acrylic resin, 8 to 15 percent of pigment and filler, 10 to 12.5 percent of dimethylbenzene, 15 to 20 percent of methylbenzene, 8 to 12 percent of dimethyl phthalate and 8 to 12 percent of 2-butoxyethanol.
6. The spraying method of the aluminum alloy profile according to claim 1, wherein the varnish comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
22 to 32 percent of fluorocarbon resin, 8 to 15 percent of acrylic resin, 2 to 4 percent of filler, 10 to 15 percent of dimethylbenzene, 12 to 20 percent of methylbenzene, 8 to 12 percent of dimethyl phthalate, and 8 to 12 percent of 2-butoxyethanol.
7. A method for spraying an aluminum alloy profile as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the grooves and/or the inner corners are aligned with the blasting ports during blasting;
in the step (4), the passivating agent comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
6-9% of chromic anhydride, 28-32% of phosphoric acid, 6-9% of ammonium bifluoride, 1-2% of boric acid and the balance of water.
8. The spraying method of an aluminum alloy profile as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (7), the first and second primer layers are flash-dried at 20 to 30 ℃ for 5 to 8min;
and (12) carrying out flash drying on the second surface coating and the third surface coating at the temperature of 20-30 ℃ for 5-8 min.
9. The spraying method of the aluminum alloy profile as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (9), the first surface coating is flash dried at 20 to 30 ℃ for 5 to 8min and then baked at 160 to 200 ℃ for 5 to 15min.
10. An aluminium alloy profile, characterized in that it is finished by the spray coating method according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
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