CN115212862A - Chitosan composite material, filter screen, preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Chitosan composite material, filter screen, preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115212862A CN115212862A CN202210852092.0A CN202210852092A CN115212862A CN 115212862 A CN115212862 A CN 115212862A CN 202210852092 A CN202210852092 A CN 202210852092A CN 115212862 A CN115212862 A CN 115212862A
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- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
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- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 71
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- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 3
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- 108010043121 Green Fluorescent Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/22—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising organic material
- B01J20/24—Naturally occurring macromolecular compounds, e.g. humic acids or their derivatives
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L9/00—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air
- A61L9/16—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air using physical phenomena
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
- B01D29/01—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with flat filtering elements
- B01D29/05—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with flat filtering elements supported
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
- B01D29/11—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with bag, cage, hose, tube, sleeve or like filtering elements
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D46/0027—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours with additional separating or treating functions
- B01D46/0028—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours with additional separating or treating functions provided with antibacterial or antifungal means
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D46/0027—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours with additional separating or treating functions
- B01D46/0036—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours with additional separating or treating functions by adsorption or absorption
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/10—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising silica or silicate
- B01J20/14—Diatomaceous earth
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L2101/00—Chemical composition of materials used in disinfecting, sterilising or deodorising
- A61L2101/02—Inorganic materials
- A61L2101/12—Inorganic materials containing silicon
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L2101/00—Chemical composition of materials used in disinfecting, sterilising or deodorising
- A61L2101/32—Organic compounds
- A61L2101/46—Macromolecular compounds
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L2209/00—Aspects relating to disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air
- A61L2209/20—Method-related aspects
- A61L2209/22—Treatment by sorption, e.g. absorption, adsorption, chemisorption, scrubbing, wet cleaning
Abstract
The invention discloses a chitosan composite material, a filter screen, a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the chitosan composite material comprises a porous material and chitosan compounded on the porous material, and the content of the chitosan is more than 0.2% of the total weight of the chitosan composite material. The invention adopts the mode of compounding chitosan on the porous material, which can effectively utilize the adsorbability of the porous material to adsorb harmful bacteria, particles and VOC on the porous material, so that the substances are fully contacted with the chitosan compounded on the porous material, thereby better playing the advantages of sterilization and aldehyde removal of the chitosan and achieving better effects of sterilization and aldehyde removal.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of sterilization materials, and particularly relates to a chitosan composite material, a filter screen, and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The common formaldehyde removing materials on the market are decomposed by catalyzing formaldehyde through metal, but the sterilization effect is not obvious, so that the formaldehyde removing and sterilizing functions cannot be simultaneously and effectively met; and the metal itself can be harmful to humans.
Chitosan is the deacetylation product of chitin, is the only basic polysaccharide in natural polysaccharides, is one of a few natural products with charge characteristics, and can perform addition reaction on protonated amino groups of chitosan and formaldehyde to achieve the aim of purifying the formaldehyde. Meanwhile, the microbial cell surface negative charge can also react with the negative charge on the microbial cell membrane surface to influence the cell wall and cell membrane structures, so that the permeability of the microbial cell is changed, and the microbial death is caused. And the chitosan belongs to a natural product, is widely applied to the fields of food, medical treatment and the like, and has wide acceptance in safety. Therefore, the aim of removing aldehyde and sterilizing can be fulfilled theoretically by adopting chitosan as a filter screen, but the chitosan filter screen has poor adsorbability on particles, the particles are required to be modified, and the process is complicated.
Usually, the mode for enhancing the adsorbability of the filter screen disclosed in the market mainly passes through activated carbon, and the chitosan formaldehyde-removing filter screen used in the market is characterized in that the chitosan is independently prepared into a net or is mixed with other materials to prepare into a net, then the activated carbon is arranged between two layers of filter screens to form an interlayer, and the adsorbability of the activated carbon in the interlayer is matched to achieve the function of removing formaldehyde and sterilizing. Therefore, in the chitosan-related composite filter screens disclosed in the prior art, the active carbon interlayer is mainly used for adsorbing peculiar smell, and the improvement of the formaldehyde-removing and sterilizing effects of the chitosan filter screens is very limited.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the invention aims to provide a chitosan composite material capable of obviously improving the formaldehyde removal and sterilization effects of a chitosan filter screen, the chitosan filter screen, and a preparation method and application thereof.
A chitosan composite material comprises diatomite and chitosan compounded on the diatomite, wherein the content of the chitosan is more than 0.2 percent of the total weight of the chitosan composite material.
The chitosan accounts for 0.2-0.4% of the total weight of the chitosan composite material.
The diatomite is pretreated diatomite.
A method for preparing a chitosan composite material comprises the following steps:
mixing chitosan and a solvent to prepare a chitosan glue solution;
mixing the chitosan colloidal solution with diatomite to make the chitosan adhere to the diatomite, and drying to form the chitosan composite material.
The solvent is water, acetic acid or hydrochloric acid solution.
When the solvent is water, the preparation process of the chitosan glue solution is as follows: mixing water and chitosan, and dissolving under ultrasonic condition;
when the solvent is acetic acid, the preparation process of the chitosan glue solution is as follows: slowly adding chitosan into acetic acid, stirring until the chitosan is completely dissolved, and then standing;
when the solvent is hydrochloric acid solution, the preparation process of the chitosan glue solution is as follows: mixing chitosan with hydrochloric acid solution, and stirring to dissolve completely.
The diatomite is pretreated diatomite; the preparation process of the pretreated diatomite comprises the following steps:
mixing hydrochloric acid solution and diatomite, washing with water after reaction until the pH value is neutral, drying, grinding and sieving; or mixing saturated sodium chloride solution with ground and sieved diatomite, performing ultrasonic treatment for at least 24h, washing with water, and dialyzing to remove chloride ions.
And after sieving the diatomite treated by the hydrochloric acid solution, sintering to remove organic impurities on the diatomite.
A chitosan composite filter screen comprises the chitosan composite material or the chitosan composite material prepared by the preparation method.
The specific preparation process comprises the following steps: injecting the chitosan composite material into a mold, pressing into non-woven fabric, collecting the non-woven fabric into a roll, cutting the non-woven fabric into single filter screen width by a blade, and repeatedly folding and forming; various screen configurations, such as rectangular, cylindrical, etc., can be produced.
The chitosan composite material or the chitosan composite material prepared by the preparation method is applied to aldehyde removal and sterilization.
The technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:
1. according to the chitosan composite material provided by the invention, the mode of compounding chitosan on diatomite is adopted, so that the adsorbability of the diatomite with low price can be effectively utilized, harmful bacteria, particles and VOC are adsorbed on the diatomite, the substances are fully contacted with the chitosan compounded on the diatomite, the sterilization and aldehyde removal advantages of the chitosan are better exerted, and the better sterilization and aldehyde removal effects are achieved;
in addition, the chitosan composite material has low cost and no harm to human bodies, and is very suitable for popularization and application.
2. Based on the consideration of cost, the chitosan in the chitosan composite material is 0.2-0.4 percent of the total weight of the chitosan composite material, and the chitosan composite material can achieve better effects of degerming and removing aldehyde at lower cost.
3. The diatomaceous earth in the present invention is preferably pretreated diatomaceous earth, which has significantly more excellent effects of removing bacteria and aldehydes than ordinary diatomaceous earth.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the result of fluorescent staining of a suspension to which the chitosan composite of example 1 was added in test example 1 of the present invention; wherein, (a) is a red fluorescence staining result picture, (b) is a green fluorescence staining result picture, and (c) is a live cell fluorescence staining result picture and a dead cell fluorescence staining result picture after the (a) and the (b) are superposed.
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the result of fluorescent staining of a suspension of chitosan composite of example 2 added in test example 1 of the present invention; wherein, (a) is a red fluorescence staining result picture, (b) is a green fluorescence staining result picture, and (c) is a fluorescence staining result picture of living and dead cells after the (a) and the (b) are superposed.
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the results of fluorescent staining of live and dead cells in the suspension without any other additives in test example 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the results of fluorescent staining of live and dead cells in the diatomaceous earth-containing suspension of test example 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the results of fluorescent staining of live and dead cells in a chitosan-containing suspension in test example 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following examples are provided to further understand the present invention, not to limit the scope of the present invention, but to provide the best mode, not to limit the content and the protection scope of the present invention, and any product similar or similar to the present invention, which is obtained by combining the present invention with other prior art features, falls within the protection scope of the present invention.
The examples do not show the specific experimental steps or conditions, and can be performed according to the conventional experimental steps described in the literature in the field.
Example 1
A chitosan composite material comprises the following specific processes:
0.1g of chitosan is weighed, 0.1L of deionized water is added, and 1.0mg/mL of chitosan colloidal solution is obtained under the ultrasonic condition of 200W.
Weighing 35g of diatomite, adding 1.0mg/mL of chitosan colloidal solution, stirring into paste, and stirring in a magnetic stirrer for 2 hours to ensure that the diatomite and the chitosan colloidal solution are in full contact; centrifuging to obtain diatomaceous earth compounded with chitosan, and drying in an electric heating blower at 70 deg.C; grinding and sieving with 100 mesh sieve. The above procedure was repeated to obtain a chitosan composite material having about 0.3wt% chitosan.
Example 2
A chitosan composite material comprises the following specific processes:
0.1g of chitosan is weighed, 0.1L of deionized water is added, and 1.0mg/mL of chitosan colloidal solution is obtained under the ultrasonic condition of 200W.
According to the mass-to-volume ratio of 1 to 2.5, mixing a 20% (v/v) hydrochloric acid solution with diatomite which passes through a 100-mesh sieve (namely mixing 1g of diatomite with 2.5mL of hydrochloric acid solution), fully stirring and reacting for 2h by using a magnetic stirrer, repeatedly washing by using deionized water until the water-mixed solution of the diatomite is neutral, drying by using an electric heating blower at the temperature of 70 ℃, and then grinding and passing through the 100-mesh sieve. And finally calcining the ground diatomite at 500 ℃ for 4h to remove organic impurities on the diatomite to obtain pretreated diatomite.
Mixing the pretreated diatomite with water to form a 1mg/mL diatomite dispersion;
gradually dropwise adding 1.0mg/mL chitosan colloidal solution into 1mg/mL diatomite dispersion under the condition of magnetic stirring to ensure that the chitosan colloidal solution is uniformly distributed in the diatomite dispersion, then carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 2h at 180w and 60KHZ, carrying out centrifugal separation at 10000r, and drying at 70 ℃ by using an air blower to obtain the chitosan composite material with 0.3wt% of chitosan.
Example 3
A chitosan composite material comprises the following specific processes:
5g of diatomaceous earth was dispersed in 0.1L of a 20% (v/v) hydrochloric acid solution, and sufficiently stirred and cooled at room temperature. The diatomaceous earth is then washed several times with deionized water to make it neutral and to remove excess hydrochloric acid. And drying the diatomite with sufficient purity in a dryer at 80 ℃ for 48 hours, fully drying, grinding, sieving by a 100-mesh sieve to obtain pretreated diatomite, and storing in a dry environment for later use.
Dissolving 2g of chitosan in 0.1L of 20% (v/v) hydrochloric acid solution, stirring until the chitosan is fully and uniformly dissolved to obtain 2wt% of light yellow chitosan colloidal solution, cooling at room temperature, then adding a certain mass of pretreated diatomite, fully stirring to obtain a suspension, cooling the suspension under standing at-20 ℃ for 24h, and then drying in a dryer for 48h to obtain the chitosan composite material with 0.3wt% of chitosan.
Example 4
A chitosan composite material comprises the following specific processes:
dispersing the diatomite powder which is sieved by a 100-mesh sieve into a saturated sodium chloride solution to prepare 50g/L suspension, continuously stirring for more than 24 hours in an ultrasonic machine until the diatomite and the sodium chloride solution are uniformly mixed, cleaning the diatomite for more than 3 times by using deionized water, finally completely removing chloride ions in the diatomite by a dialysis mode to obtain pretreated diatomite, and refrigerating for later use.
Dispersing the pretreated diatomite in ionized water to prepare 20g/L diatomite mother liquor, continuously stirring for 24h, dissolving chitosan powder in an acetic acid solution to prepare 20g/L chitosan mother liquor, continuously stirring for 24h, mixing the diatomite mother liquor and the chitosan mother liquor according to the volume ratio of 100. Centrifuging at high speed to obtain diatomite mixture with chitosan content of about 0.3wt%, washing with ionized water for more than 5 times, and lyophilizing.
Test example 1 bacteriostatic test
0.2g of the chitosan composite material of example 1, 0.2g of the chitosan composite material of example 2, 0.2g of the chitosan composite material of example 3, 0.2g of the chitosan composite material of example 4, 0.2g of diatomaceous earth, and 0.2g of chitosan were added to 20ml of 10-concentration solution of 10 4 CFU/mL white staphylococcus suspension is mixed for 3h under oscillation at 37 ℃, then is kept still for 1min, is placed in a culture dish for staining, and a fluorescent staining result graph is obtained by fluorescent detection (a red fluorescent staining result corresponds to dead cells, and a green fluorescent staining result corresponds to live cells), as shown in figures 1-5.
As can be seen from fig. 1 to 5 above:
there was very little bacterial death of the bacteria without additional added suspension, as shown in figure 3; the bacteria under diatomaceous earth were largely alive with essentially no bacterial death, as shown in figure 4; the larger part of the bacteria under chitosan survived with very few bacteria dead, and the dead bacteria accounted for less than half of the total bacteria, as shown in fig. 5.
In the fluorescence staining results of live and dead cells of the chitosan composite materials prepared in the embodiments 1 and 2 of the invention, dead bacteria account for more than half of the total amount of bacteria; therefore, the antibacterial efficiency (%) of the chitosan composite material is obviously higher than that achieved by singly adopting diatomite and chitosan, and the chitosan composite material obtained by matching chitosan with the porous material has a more excellent sterilization effect.
In the results of the fluorescent staining of live and dead cells of the chitosan composite obtained from the diatomaceous earth pretreated in example 2, the bacteria thereon were red fluorescent with weak green light, indicating that a large number of bacteria were dead and few live bacteria, as shown in fig. 2; in contrast, in the results of fluorescence staining of live and dead cells of the chitosan composite obtained from the diatomaceous earth that was not pretreated in example 1, the bacteria thereon exhibited a weak red and green fluorescence, and the dead bacteria accounted for about half of the total amount of bacteria, as shown in fig. 1. It is further effectively demonstrated by comparing fig. 1 and fig. 2 that the pre-treated diatomite has a more significant sterilization effect than the common diatomite.
In this test example, the growth of bacteria was obtained from the result of fluorescent staining, and the antibacterial efficiency (%) was obtained from the number of live and dead cells observed, where antibacterial efficiency (%) = number of dead bacteria/total number of bacteria × 100%. Through calculation, the antibacterial efficiency (%) of the chitosan composite material in the embodiments 2-4 of the invention reaches more than 99.999%.
Test example 2 aldehyde removal test
0.8g, 1.4g, 2.2g of the chitosan composite material in example 2, 2g of diatomite and 2g of chitosan are respectively placed in an online dynamic detection system, gas with the initial concentration of formaldehyde of 100ppm is introduced into the online dynamic detection system, and the ventilation rate is 500m 3 And/h, counting the concentration of formaldehyde at an outlet after 20min of reaction, and detecting results are shown in the following table 1.
Wherein the aldehyde removal efficiency (%) = (initial concentration of formaldehyde-concentration of formaldehyde at the outlet)/initial concentration of formaldehyde × 100%.
TABLE 1
| Efficiency of removing aldehyde (%) | |
| 0.8g | 67.3％ |
| 1.4g | 77.4％ |
| 2.2g | 82.6％ |
| Diatomite | 0％ |
| Chitosan | 78.9％ |
Illustrated by the data of table 1: the chitosan composite material obtained by matching the chitosan and the porous material has more excellent aldehyde removal effect.
It should be understood that the above examples are only for clarity of illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications derived therefrom are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The chitosan composite material is characterized by comprising diatomite and chitosan compounded on the diatomite, wherein the content of the chitosan is more than 0.2 percent of the total weight of the chitosan composite material.
2. A chitosan composite material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the chitosan is present in an amount of 0.2-0.4% by weight of the chitosan composite material.
3. A chitosan diatomaceous earth composite material as claimed in claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the diatomaceous earth is pretreated diatomaceous earth.
4. A preparation method of a chitosan composite material is characterized by comprising the following steps:
uniformly mixing chitosan and a solvent to prepare a chitosan glue solution;
mixing chitosan colloidal solution with diatomite to make chitosan adhere to diatomite, drying to obtain chitosan composite material whose chitosan content is above 0.2%.
5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the solvent is water, acetic acid or hydrochloric acid solution.
6. The preparation method according to claim 5, wherein when the solvent is water, the preparation process of the chitosan colloidal solution is as follows: mixing water and chitosan, and dissolving under ultrasonic condition;
when the solvent is acetic acid, the preparation process of the chitosan glue solution is as follows: slowly adding chitosan into acetic acid, stirring until the chitosan is completely dissolved, and then standing;
when the solvent is hydrochloric acid solution, the preparation process of the chitosan glue solution is as follows: mixing chitosan with hydrochloric acid solution, and stirring to dissolve completely.
7. The production method according to any one of claims 4 to 6, wherein the diatomaceous earth is pretreated diatomaceous earth; the preparation process of the pretreated diatomite comprises the following steps:
mixing hydrochloric acid solution and diatomite, washing with water after reaction until the pH value is neutral, drying, grinding and sieving; or mixing saturated sodium chloride solution with ground and sieved diatomite, performing ultrasonic treatment for at least 24h, washing with water, and dialyzing to remove chloride ions.
8. The method according to claim 7, wherein the diatomaceous earth treated with the hydrochloric acid solution is sieved and sintered to remove organic impurities from the diatomaceous earth.
9. A chitosan composite screen, characterized in that it comprises a chitosan composite material as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3 or a chitosan composite material prepared by the preparation method as claimed in any one of claims 4 to 8.
10. Use of a chitosan composite material as set forth in any one of claims 1 to 3 or a chitosan composite material prepared by the preparation method as set forth in any one of claims 4 to 8 in formaldehyde-removing sterilization.
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