CN108160052B - Preparation method of efficient air adsorption material - Google Patents
Preparation method of efficient air adsorption material Download PDFInfo
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- CN108160052B CN108160052B CN201810056901.0A CN201810056901A CN108160052B CN 108160052 B CN108160052 B CN 108160052B CN 201810056901 A CN201810056901 A CN 201810056901A CN 108160052 B CN108160052 B CN 108160052B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/22—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising organic material
- B01J20/24—Naturally occurring macromolecular compounds, e.g. humic acids or their derivatives
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L9/00—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air
- A61L9/01—Deodorant compositions
- A61L9/014—Deodorant compositions containing sorbent material, e.g. activated carbon
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D49/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases, air or vapours by other methods
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J20/28054—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a high-efficiency air adsorption material, which comprises the steps of (1) refining slurry, removing liquid and concentrating, adding a sodium hydroxide solution into concentrated solution, mixing and stirring, heating to 80 ℃ for reaction for 1 hour, and neutralizing and concentrating to 25 weight percent of fiber pulp; (2) adding a mixed solution of silver nitrate and lanthanum nitrate, fully mixing, and defibrating to obtain microfibril plant fiber slurry; (3) stirring and mixing the fiber pulp and the fermentation mother liquor, inoculating acetobacter xylinum, culturing in an aerated mode, adding the microfibril plant fiber slurry, uniformly stirring, and performing static culture to obtain a bacterial cellulose crosslinked colloidal liquid; (4) and adding a filling agent into the colloidal liquid, uniformly stirring, adding a NaOH solution, filtering, cleaning and granulating after treatment. The product of the invention realizes super strong adsorption capacity to harmful particles such as PM2.5 and the like, and has sterilization effect, natural and environment-friendly raw materials, and simple and mild preparation conditions.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a high-efficiency air adsorbing material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The air purification adsorption material is mainly used for treating indoor environmental pollution in household life. Mainly comprises the following steps: active silicon, active carbon and active alumina.
Air purification adsorption materials generally have the following characteristics: the specific surface is extremely large, and the adsorption capacity is strong; the adsorbent has higher adsorption performance on gas and can quickly adsorb; environmental protection, no pollution and low manufacturing cost. The air purification and adsorption material can effectively adsorb harmful substances such as formaldehyde, benzene, xylene and the like released by home decoration. The indoor air pollution phenomenon is widely existed in various closed buildings such as living rooms at present, and severe indoor air brings serious harm to human health. The world environment held in Washington in 1997 indicates that indoor air pollution is more severe than outdoor air pollution. The problem of indoor air pollution is highly regarded in many countries of the world, and research work on indoor environment quality has been conducted in europe, north america, japan, and the like from the 20 th century to the 80 th century.
According to a large number of research reports, toxic and harmful gases generated by indoor decoration, furniture and electric appliances are the main causes of most of cancers at present, modern people spend almost 80-90% of the time indoors, the quality of indoor air is concerned with the health of people, but the toxic and harmful gases unconsciously damage the health of people.
Indoor toxic and harmful gases include:
aldehydes (formaldehyde predominates): as a raw stock toxic substance, the product can be combined with protein to affect human health from the aspect of metabolism. Low concentrations of formaldehyde can cause respiratory and digestive diseases, while high concentrations of formaldehyde have a strong carcinogenic effect. Formaldehyde is easily dissolved in water and organic solvents, is easy to adhere to, and is easy to volatilize when the temperature is increased. Is one of carcinogenic toxic gases which are left on furniture and home furnishings for a long time and slowly volatilize;
benzene and toluene: benzene and toluene are the basic cause of leucocyte lesion and can cause chromosome lesion, and benzene and toluene belong to aromatic compounds, and benzene rings are particularly stable and are not easy to decompose in vivo, so that the body health is seriously affected. Benzene ring substances mainly come from indoor paint and coating;
radioactive radon gas: radioactive radon gas comes from building materials or building foundations, can continuously emit radioactive gas, and the too high concentration of the radioactive gas can cause cell canceration and gene mutation, thereby having particularly serious influence on pregnant women and infants;
ammonia nitrogen compound: the ammonia nitrogen compound in the room is mainly ammonia gas which can cause damage to a respiratory system and a mucosa system, and the ammonia gas in the room is mainly generated by building materials.
Dust bacteria: many respiratory diseases are caused by bacteria carried on dust in the air, and have great threat to human beings.
The air adsorbing materials on the market at present mainly comprise activated carbon and other industrial adsorbing materials, and the activated carbon is physical adsorption, so that the effect is not satisfactory. While other adsorption materials such as silica gel and molecular sieves which are industrially manufactured have good adsorption effect, but are difficult to reduce, are not environment-friendly and have higher cost. Therefore, it is urgently needed to develop an adsorbing material which has high adsorbing efficiency and is natural and environment-friendly.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the high-efficiency adsorption material is prepared by a biological method, has ultrahigh adsorption efficiency and sterilization effect, is natural and environment-friendly in raw materials, and is simple and mild in preparation conditions.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the preparation method of the high-efficiency air adsorbing material is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) refining the slurry of needle-leaved tree unbleached kraft pulp, removing liquid, concentrating, adding sodium hydroxide solution into the concentrated solution, mixing and stirring, heating to 80 ℃, reacting for 1 hour, and neutralizing and concentrating to 25 weight percent concentration fiber pulp;
(2) adding a silver nitrate and lanthanum nitrate mixed solution into the fiber pulp obtained in the step 1, fully mixing, adding into a double-shaft mixing roll, and defibrating at the screw rotating speed of 2000rpm to obtain microfibril plant fiber slurry;
(3) stirring and mixing the fiber pulp obtained in the step (1) and fermentation mother liquor, inoculating acetobacter xylinum, ventilating and culturing for 1-3 days, adding the microfibril plant fiber slurry obtained in the step (2), uniformly stirring, and statically culturing for 1-3 days to obtain bacterial cellulose crosslinked colloidal liquid;
(4) and (3) adding a filling agent into the colloidal liquid obtained in the step (3), uniformly stirring, adding a 1-5% NaOH solution, heating to 60-80 ℃, treating for 1-4 hours, filtering, cleaning and granulating to obtain the high-efficiency air adsorbing material.
Further, in the step 2, the concentration of silver nitrate in the mixed solution of silver nitrate and lanthanum nitrate is 0.1-0.5mol/L, and the concentration of lanthanum nitrate is 0.001-0.005 mol/L; the proportion of the fiber pulp to the mixed solution is 100: 1-5 volume ratio.
Further wherein the average fiber diameter of the microfibrillar plant fiber slurry obtained in step 2 is from 100nm to 200 nm.
Further, the average diameter of the fiber bundle of the bacterial cellulose in the step 3 is 40-60nm, and the average diameter of the single fiber is 4-10 nm.
Further, in the step 3, the fermentation mother liquor is composed of 10% of carbohydrate raw materials and 0.5% of ammonium sulfate, water is added for heating and dissolving, the pH value is adjusted to 4-6, yeast is inoculated, the inoculation amount of the yeast is 0.3-0.5%, fermentation is carried out, the fermentation temperature is kept at 28-32 ℃, and after culture is carried out for 36-72 hours, the product is obtained by ultrahigh temperature instantaneous sterilization.
Further, the inoculation amount of acetobacter xylinum in the step 3 is 15-20%.
Further, the adding ratio of the fiber pulp to the microfibril plant fiber slurry in the step 3 is 1: 1.
Further, the filling agent in the step 4 is one or a mixture of more of diatomite, alkaline earth metal oxide, bentonite, a molecular sieve and a polymer, and the mass ratio of the colloidal liquid to the filling agent is 1-2: 1.
Further, the mass ratio of the colloidal liquid to the NaOH solution in the step 4 is 1-2: 1.
the fiber raw material in the present invention is derived from a natural material such as wood, bamboo, hemp, jute, kenaf, crop residue, cloth, recycled pulp, waste paper, sea squirt cellulose, and is preferably NBKP pulp of needle-leaved tree unbleached kraft pulp, and has a mass concentration of 2%. Can be self-used pulp or can be purchased from commercial pulp. The pulp is prepared by dissociating the plant fiber material into a natural color or bleached pulp by a conventional method such as a chemical method, a mechanical method or a combination thereof.
And (3) adding NaOH solution in the step 1, and performing primary swelling to loosen the pulp fibers, wherein the concentration of NaOH is not particularly limited. After 1 hour of reaction at 80 ℃, after neutralization with citric acid or other milder acid, concentration is carried out. The average diameter of the coarse fibers in the prepared fiber pulp is about 0.1-2mm, the coarse fibers mainly utilize the mechanical strength of the coarse fibers to support the whole fiber composite system, the collapse of the composite fiber system is caused by not adding the coarse fibers, and the fibers prepared in the later nanometer level are agglomerated together, so that the technical effect of the invention can not be realized.
Step 2 is a microfibrillation step. In the step, a certain amount of silver nitrate and lanthanum nitrate mixed solution is added, and by introducing the silver ions and the lanthanum ions, coarse fibers are defibered into fine microfibrillated fiber bundles in the defibering process, the specific surface area is increased rapidly, and meanwhile, the silver ions and the lanthanum ions are captured by utilizing abundant hydroxyl groups on the surfaces of the microfibrillated fibers, so that the loading and doping of the two ions are realized. The metal ions complexed on the surface of the microfibrillated fiber have high complexing strength and low antibacterial activity within a certain concentration range, so that the preparation of subsequent steps is not influenced. The concentration of silver nitrate in the mixed solution of silver nitrate and lanthanum nitrate is 0.1-0.5mol/L, and the concentration of lanthanum nitrate is 0.001-0.005 mol/L; the proportion of the fiber pulp to the mixed solution is 100: 1-5 volume ratio. According to the proportion, silver ions and lanthanum ions can be loaded on the fiber bundle according to a certain proportion and concentration, too large loading amount can cause too strong antibacterial property of ions in the subsequent process, so that the generation of bacterial cellulose in the subsequent step 3 is not facilitated, and too small loading amount cannot realize the technical effect of the invention. Meanwhile, lanthanum ions and silver ions are preferably mixed according to a certain concentration ratio, so that the optimal antibacterial property is realized. Microfibrillated plant fibers having an average diameter of 20-200nm, preferably an average diameter of 100-120nm, may also be modified, such as cationic, polar group modification, etc., and are also contemplated by the present invention.
And step 3 is a multi-scale fiber compounding step. In this step, the combination of materials of different dimensions is achieved by adding fiber pulp, microfibrillar plant fiber pulp, and by the preparation of bacterial cellulose. The diameter of the coarse fiber of the fiber pulp is 0.1-2 mm. The microfibrillated plant fiber slurry comprises 100-120nm microfibrillated plant fibers. The bacterial cellulose fiber is a fiber bundle with the thickness of 40-60 nanometers and is formed by combining microfibers with the diameter of 3-4 nanometers, and the fibers are mutually interwoven to form a developed hyperfine network structure. In the preparation process, a certain amount of acetobacter xylinum is inoculated by mixing the fiber pulp and the fermentation mother liquor, after aeration culture is carried out for a certain time, the acetobacter xylinum is stably propagated in a large quantity, and microfibrillated plant fiber slurry is added, so that the bacterial cellulose is generated in a large quantity between coarse fibers and microfibrillated gaps, and the gaps are filled. Because the microfibrillated plant fiber is loaded with certain metal ions and has certain antibacterial property, the microfibrillated plant slurry is added after the aerated culture is stable. The fermentation mother liquor is composed of 10% carbohydrate raw material and 0.5% ammonium sulfate, adding water, heating to dissolve, adjusting pH to 4-6, inoculating yeast with yeast inoculation amount of 0.3-0.5%, fermenting at 28-32 deg.C for 36-72 hr, and performing ultra-high temperature instantaneous sterilization. The inoculation amount of acetobacter xylinum is 15-20%. The ratio of the addition of the fiber pulp to the microfibril plant fiber slurry was 1: 1. The prepared liquid appeared yellow gum.
And step 4 is a filling and forming step. And (3) by adding the filler, the structure of the composite fiber material prepared in the step (3) is stabilized, the cost is reduced, and the composite fiber material is easier to mold and use. The filler is one or a mixture of more of diatomite, alkaline earth metal oxide, bentonite, molecular sieve and polymer, and the mass ratio of the colloidal liquid to the filler is 1-2: 1. After stirring, a paste was formed. And simultaneously, the NaOH solution is added to enable metal ions loaded on the surface of the fiber to form a hydroxide form, and the hydroxide form is further heated to form an oxide form, so that the stable effect is achieved, and the antibacterial effect time is prolonged.
The preparation material is environment-friendly and degradable, has no two-time pollution to the environment, and can be used as an adsorption material of an air purifier. After the use of the utility model is finished,
the particle diameter of PM2.5 is about 2.5um which is much larger than the aperture of a common adsorbing material and is difficult to adsorb, but the PM2.5 in the air can be effectively captured by taking coarse fibers as a framework and taking microfibrillar fibers and bacterial fibers as net bags, and the invention has the function of sterilizing harmful germs.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention obtains the high-efficiency adsorption material by a biological method, realizes the increase of the specific surface area and the reduction of a filtration channel by the multi-dimensional fiber composition, realizes the super-strong adsorption capacity to harmful particles such as PM2.5 and the like by the microfiber and bacterial fibers with rich surface active groups, and simultaneously loads nano metal ions, so that the material has super-high adsorption efficiency and sterilization effect, and meanwhile, the raw materials are natural and environment-friendly, and the preparation conditions are simple and mild.
In order to facilitate a better understanding of the invention, the following examples are given to illustrate, but not to limit the scope of the invention.
The filler used in the examples was diatomaceous earth, available from kieselguhr C499 of Hedysbi chemical.
The pulp of needle-leaved tree unbleached kraft pulp was purchased from Yinxing produced by Chilean ARRACO.
Example 1
The preparation method of the high-efficiency air adsorbing material is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) refining 2 mass percent of slurry of needle-leaved tree unbleached kraft pulp in a single mill, removing liquid, concentrating to 10 mass percent, adding 5 percent sodium hydroxide solution into the concentrated solution, mixing and stirring, heating to 80 ℃, reacting for 1 hour, and neutralizing and concentrating to 25 weight percent concentration fiber pulp;
(2) adding the mixed solution of silver nitrate and lanthanum nitrate into the fiber pulp obtained in the step 1, fully mixing, adding into a double-shaft mixing mill, and defibrating for 15 minutes at the screw rotating speed of 2000rpm to obtain microfibril plant fiber pulp, wherein the concentration of silver nitrate in the mixed solution of silver nitrate and lanthanum nitrate is 0.3mol/L, and the concentration of lanthanum nitrate is 0.003 mol/L; the proportion of the fiber pulp to the mixed solution is 100: 3 volume ratio. (ii) a
(3) Stirring and mixing the fiber pulp with the volume of 100 in the step 1 and the fermentation mother liquor with the volume of 100, inoculating 15% of acetobacter xylinum, ventilating and culturing for 2 days, adding the microfibril plant fiber pulp with the volume of 100 in the step 2, uniformly stirring, and statically culturing for 2 days to obtain bacterial cellulose crosslinked colloidal liquid;
(4) and (3) adding 100 parts by mass of a filling agent into 100 parts by mass of the colloidal liquid obtained in the step (3), uniformly stirring, adding 100 parts by mass of a 3% NaOH solution, heating to 60-80 ℃, treating for 2 hours, filtering, cleaning and granulating to obtain the efficient air adsorbing material.
Example 2
The preparation method of the high-efficiency air adsorbing material is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) refining 2 mass percent of slurry of needle-leaved tree unbleached kraft pulp in a single mill, removing liquid, concentrating to 10 mass percent, adding 5 percent sodium hydroxide solution into the concentrated solution, mixing and stirring, heating to 80 ℃, reacting for 1 hour, and neutralizing and concentrating to 25 weight percent concentration fiber pulp;
(2) adding the mixed solution of silver nitrate and lanthanum nitrate into the fiber pulp obtained in the step 1, fully mixing, adding into a double-shaft mixing mill, and defibrating for 15 minutes at the screw rotating speed of 2000rpm to obtain microfibril plant fiber pulp, wherein the concentration of silver nitrate in the mixed solution of silver nitrate and lanthanum nitrate is 0.1mol/L, and the concentration of lanthanum nitrate is 0.001 mol/L; the proportion of the fiber pulp to the mixed solution is 100: 1 volume ratio. (ii) a
(3) Stirring and mixing the fiber pulp with the volume of 100 in the step 1 and the fermentation mother liquor with the volume of 100, inoculating 15% of acetobacter xylinum, ventilating and culturing for 2 days, adding the microfibril plant fiber pulp with the volume of 100 in the step 2, uniformly stirring, and statically culturing for 2 days to obtain bacterial cellulose crosslinked colloidal liquid;
(4) and (3) adding 100 parts by mass of a filling agent into 100 parts by mass of the colloidal liquid obtained in the step (3), uniformly stirring, adding 100 parts by mass of a 3% NaOH solution, heating to 60-80 ℃, treating for 2 hours, filtering, cleaning and granulating to obtain the efficient air adsorbing material.
Example 3
The preparation method of the high-efficiency air adsorbing material is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) refining 2 mass percent of slurry of needle-leaved tree unbleached kraft pulp in a single mill, removing liquid, concentrating to 10 mass percent, adding 5 percent sodium hydroxide solution into the concentrated solution, mixing and stirring, heating to 80 ℃, reacting for 1 hour, and neutralizing and concentrating to 25 weight percent concentration fiber pulp;
(2) adding the mixed solution of silver nitrate and lanthanum nitrate into the fiber pulp obtained in the step 1, fully mixing, adding into a double-shaft mixing roll, and defibrating for 15 minutes at the screw rotating speed of 2000rpm to obtain microfibril plant fiber pulp, wherein the concentration of silver nitrate in the mixed solution of silver nitrate and lanthanum nitrate is 0.5mol/L, and the concentration of lanthanum nitrate is 0.005 mol/L; the proportion of the fiber pulp to the mixed solution is 100: 5 volume ratio. (ii) a
(3) Stirring and mixing the fiber pulp with the volume of 100 in the step 1 and the fermentation mother liquor with the volume of 100, inoculating 20% of acetobacter xylinum, ventilating and culturing for 3 days, adding the microfibril plant fiber pulp with the volume of 100 in the step 2, uniformly stirring, and statically culturing for 3 days to obtain bacterial cellulose crosslinked colloidal liquid;
(4) and (3) adding 100 parts by mass of a filling agent into 100 parts by mass of the colloidal liquid obtained in the step (3), uniformly stirring, adding 100 parts by mass of a 3% NaOH solution, heating to 60-80 ℃, treating for 2 hours, filtering, cleaning and granulating to obtain the efficient air adsorbing material.
Example 4
The preparation method of the high-efficiency air adsorbing material is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) refining 2 mass percent of slurry of needle-leaved tree unbleached kraft pulp in a single mill, removing liquid, concentrating to 10 mass percent, adding 5 percent sodium hydroxide solution into the concentrated solution, mixing and stirring, heating to 80 ℃, reacting for 1 hour, and neutralizing and concentrating to 25 weight percent concentration fiber pulp;
(2) adding the mixed solution of silver nitrate and lanthanum nitrate into the fiber pulp obtained in the step 1, fully mixing, adding into a double-shaft mixing mill, and defibrating for 15 minutes at the screw rotating speed of 2000rpm to obtain microfibril plant fiber pulp, wherein the concentration of silver nitrate in the mixed solution of silver nitrate and lanthanum nitrate is 0.3mol/L, and the concentration of lanthanum nitrate is 0.003 mol/L; the proportion of the fiber pulp to the mixed solution is 100: 3 volume ratio.
(3) Stirring and mixing the fiber pulp with the volume of 100 in the step 1 and the fermentation mother liquor with the volume of 100, inoculating 15% of acetobacter xylinum, ventilating and culturing for 1-3 days, adding the microfibril plant fiber slurry with the volume of 100 in the step 2, uniformly stirring, and statically culturing for 1-3 days to obtain bacterial cellulose crosslinked colloidal liquid;
(4) and (3) adding 100 parts by mass of a filling agent into 200 parts by mass of the colloidal liquid obtained in the step (3), uniformly stirring, adding 100 parts by mass of a 1-5% NaOH solution, heating to 60-80 ℃, treating for 2 hours, filtering, cleaning and granulating to obtain the high-efficiency air adsorbing material.
Comparative example 1
Substantially the same procedure as in example 1 was followed, except that silver nitrate and lanthanum nitrate were not added in step 2.
Comparative example 2
Substantially the same procedure as in example 1 was followed, except that silver nitrate was not added in step 2.
Comparative example 3
Essentially the same procedure as in example 1 was followed except that lanthanum nitrate was not added in step 2.
Comparative example 4
Essentially the same procedure as in example 1 was followed, except that no microfibrillated plant fiber slurry was added in step 3.
Comparative example 5
Essentially the same procedure as in example 1 was followed, except that no fiber pulp was added in step 3.
Comparative example 6
The preparation process is basically the same as that of example 1, and no fermentation mother liquor and acetobacter xylinum, i.e., no bacterial cellulose, are added in step 3.
Comparative example 7
Essentially the same procedure as in example 1 was followed, except that no filler was added in step 4.
Comparative example 8
In step 4, the fiber pulp and the filler are mixed according to the proportion of 1 to 1, and the test is carried out after the mixture is dried.
Adsorption measurement of the adsorbent:
using a solution containing 0.5mg/m3The test gas containing PM2.5 particles was passed through a filter filled with the test adsorbent at a flow rate of 0.5m/s, the thickness of the filter was 0.1m, and the adsorption rate was measured.
According to GB/T21510-.
TABLE 1 measurement results
| Examples 1 | Examples 2 | Examples 3 | Examples 4 | Comparison of Example 1 | Comparison of Example 2 | Comparison of Example 3 | Comparison of Example 4 | Comparison of Example 5 | Comparison of Example 6 | Comparison of Example 7 | Comparison of Example 8 | |
| PM2.5 adsorption Attachment ratio | 98 | 98 | 95 | 97 | 97 | 97 | 98 | 73 | 61 | 83 | - | 57 |
| Antibacterial rate | 98 | 97 | 95 | 95 | 19 | 56 | 87 | 24 | 89 | 82 | - | 18 |
The comparative examples and the comparative examples show that the addition of silver ions and lanthanum ions according to a certain proportion has the synergistic bactericidal effect; the product is difficult to form without adding a filler, and the adsorption efficiency is not obviously improved by adding excessive composite fibers; through the fiber composition of different scales, the maximum absorption of PM2.5 is realized.
The above description should not be taken as limiting the invention to the embodiments, but rather, as will be apparent to those skilled in the art to which the invention pertains, numerous simplifications or substitutions may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, which shall be deemed to fall within the scope of the invention as defined by the claims appended hereto.
Claims (7)
1. The preparation method of the high-efficiency air adsorbing material is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) refining the slurry of needle-leaved tree unbleached kraft pulp, removing liquid, concentrating, adding sodium hydroxide solution into the concentrated solution, mixing and stirring, heating to 80 ℃, reacting for 1 hour, and neutralizing and concentrating to 25 weight percent concentration fiber pulp;
(2) adding a silver nitrate and lanthanum nitrate mixed solution into the fiber pulp obtained in the step 1, fully mixing, adding into a double-shaft mixing roll, and defibrating at the screw rotating speed of 2000rpm to obtain microfibril plant fiber slurry; the concentration of silver nitrate in the mixed solution of silver nitrate and lanthanum nitrate is 0.1-0.5mol/L, and the concentration of lanthanum nitrate is 0.001-0.005 mol/L; the proportion of the fiber pulp to the mixed solution is 100: 1-5 volume ratio;
(3) stirring and mixing the fiber pulp obtained in the step (1) and fermentation mother liquor, inoculating acetobacter xylinum, ventilating and culturing for 1-3 days, adding the microfibril plant fiber slurry obtained in the step (2), uniformly stirring, and statically culturing for 1-3 days to obtain bacterial cellulose crosslinked colloidal liquid; the fermentation mother liquor is composed of 10% of carbohydrate raw materials and 0.5% of ammonium sulfate, water is added, the mixture is heated and dissolved, the pH value is adjusted to 4-6, yeast is inoculated, the inoculation amount of the yeast is 0.3-0.5%, the fermentation is carried out, the fermentation temperature is kept at 28-32 ℃, after the culture is carried out for 36-72 hours, the mixture is obtained by ultra-high temperature instantaneous sterilization;
(4) and (3) adding a filling agent into the colloidal liquid obtained in the step (3), uniformly stirring, adding a NaOH solution accounting for 1-5% of the mass of the filling agent, heating to 60-80 ℃, treating for 1-4 hours, filtering, cleaning and granulating to obtain the high-efficiency air adsorbing material.
2. A method for preparing a high efficiency air adsorbing material according to claim 1, wherein the average fiber diameter of the microfibrillar plant fiber slurry obtained in step 2 is 100nm to 200 nm.
3. The method for preparing a high efficiency air adsorbing material according to claim 1, wherein the average diameter of the fiber bundle of the bacterial cellulose in step 3 is 40-60nm, and the average diameter of the single fiber is 4-10 nm.
4. The method for preparing a high efficiency air adsorbing material according to claim 1, wherein the inoculation amount of acetobacter xylinum in step 3 is 15-20%.
5. The method for preparing a high efficiency air adsorbing material according to claim 1, wherein the volume ratio of the fiber pulp to the microfibrillar plant fiber slurry added in step 3 is 1: 1.
6. The preparation method of the efficient air adsorption material of claim 1, wherein the filling agent in the step 4 is one or a mixture of more of diatomite, alkaline earth metal oxide, bentonite, molecular sieve and polymer, and the mass ratio of the colloidal liquid to the filling agent is 1-2: 1.
7. The preparation method of the high efficiency air adsorption material according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the colloidal liquid to the NaOH solution in the step 4 is 1-2: 1.
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