CN115211327B - Planting method and application of high-yield Ixeris sonchifolia - Google Patents
Planting method and application of high-yield Ixeris sonchifolia Download PDFInfo
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- CN115211327B CN115211327B CN202111082647.XA CN202111082647A CN115211327B CN 115211327 B CN115211327 B CN 115211327B CN 202111082647 A CN202111082647 A CN 202111082647A CN 115211327 B CN115211327 B CN 115211327B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/30—Grafting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/02—Methods or apparatus for hybridisation; Artificial pollination ; Fertility
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/12—Processes for modifying agronomic input traits, e.g. crop yield
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/12—Processes for modifying agronomic input traits, e.g. crop yield
- A01H1/122—Processes for modifying agronomic input traits, e.g. crop yield for stress resistance, e.g. heavy metal resistance
- A01H1/1225—Processes for modifying agronomic input traits, e.g. crop yield for stress resistance, e.g. heavy metal resistance for drought, cold or salt resistance
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/12—Processes for modifying agronomic input traits, e.g. crop yield
- A01H1/122—Processes for modifying agronomic input traits, e.g. crop yield for stress resistance, e.g. heavy metal resistance
- A01H1/1245—Processes for modifying agronomic input traits, e.g. crop yield for stress resistance, e.g. heavy metal resistance for biotic stress resistance, e.g. pathogen, pest or disease resistance
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/12—Processes for modifying agronomic input traits, e.g. crop yield
- A01H1/122—Processes for modifying agronomic input traits, e.g. crop yield for stress resistance, e.g. heavy metal resistance
- A01H1/1245—Processes for modifying agronomic input traits, e.g. crop yield for stress resistance, e.g. heavy metal resistance for biotic stress resistance, e.g. pathogen, pest or disease resistance
- A01H1/127—Processes for modifying agronomic input traits, e.g. crop yield for stress resistance, e.g. heavy metal resistance for biotic stress resistance, e.g. pathogen, pest or disease resistance for insect resistance
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L19/00—Products from fruits or vegetables; Preparation or treatment thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L19/00—Products from fruits or vegetables; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L19/20—Products from fruits or vegetables; Preparation or treatment thereof by pickling, e.g. sauerkraut or pickles
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L2/00—Non-alcoholic beverages; Dry compositions or concentrates therefor; Their preparation
- A23L2/02—Non-alcoholic beverages; Dry compositions or concentrates therefor; Their preparation containing fruit or vegetable juices
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K1/00—General methods for the preparation of peptides, i.e. processes for the organic chemical preparation of peptides or proteins of any length
- C07K1/14—Extraction; Separation; Purification
- C07K1/145—Extraction; Separation; Purification by extraction or solubilisation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08B—POLYSACCHARIDES; DERIVATIVES THEREOF
- C08B30/00—Preparation of starch, degraded or non-chemically modified starch, amylose, or amylopectin
- C08B30/04—Extraction or purification
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12G—WINE; PREPARATION THEREOF; ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES; PREPARATION OF ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES NOT PROVIDED FOR IN SUBCLASSES C12C OR C12H
- C12G3/00—Preparation of other alcoholic beverages
- C12G3/02—Preparation of other alcoholic beverages by fermentation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12G—WINE; PREPARATION THEREOF; ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES; PREPARATION OF ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES NOT PROVIDED FOR IN SUBCLASSES C12C OR C12H
- C12G3/00—Preparation of other alcoholic beverages
- C12G3/04—Preparation of other alcoholic beverages by mixing, e.g. for preparation of liqueurs
- C12G3/05—Preparation of other alcoholic beverages by mixing, e.g. for preparation of liqueurs with health-improving ingredients, e.g. flavonoids, flavones, polyphenols or polysaccharides
- C12G3/055—Preparation of other alcoholic beverages by mixing, e.g. for preparation of liqueurs with health-improving ingredients, e.g. flavonoids, flavones, polyphenols or polysaccharides extracted from plants
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of planting, and belongs to the IPC (industrial personal computer) classification number A01G1/00, in particular to a planting method of high-yield Ixeris sonchifolia and application thereof. The planting method comprises the following steps: (1) Culturing a strong bistort plant as a stock, and culturing stable Ixeris sonchifolia seedlings as scions; (2) Grafting scions on the stem parts of the stock to obtain scions of the Ixeris sonchifolia; (3) Grafting management is carried out on the scion herba Ixeritis Denticulatae, and the scion herba Ixeritis Denticulatae is cultivated until the scion herba Ixeritis Denticulatae survives; (4) Cultivating the surviving scion herba Ixeritis Denticulatae to a flowering period, then carrying out artificial emasculation in the flowering period, bagging and isolation, collecting pollen of the herba Ixeritis Denticulatae with the same step (1) after 2-4 days of artificial emasculation, pollinating the scion plant after emasculation, and carrying out conventional management to obtain herba Ixeritis Denticulatae seeds; (5) Planting the Ixeris sonchifolia seed obtained in the step (4) to obtain the Ixeris sonchifolia with high yield.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of planting, and belongs to the IPC (industrial personal computer) classification number A01G1/00, in particular to a planting method of high-yield Ixeris sonchifolia and application thereof.
Background
The herba Ixeritis Denticulatae is distributed in most areas of China, has the effects of clearing heat, detoxicating, detumescence and relieving pain, and has the height of 30-70 cm, the leaf length of 5-10 cm and the width of 2-4 cm. The fruit and vegetable products in China have developed rapidly for several years, but the fruit and vegetable products have low yield, can not well improve the added value of agricultural and sideline products, and have the problem of increasing production and not income due to low point and influence on rural industrial structure adjustment.
Patent CN100364378C provides a technique for cultivating Ixeris sonchifolia, and although the patent provides a technique for artificially planting Ixeris sonchifolia, the height of the cultivated Ixeris sonchifolia is only about 100 cm at the highest, and the yield is not high.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, a first aspect of the present invention provides a method for planting high-yield Ixeris sonchifolia, comprising the steps of:
(1) Culturing a strong bistort plant as a stock, and culturing stable Ixeris sonchifolia seedlings as scions;
(2) Grafting scions on the stem parts of the stock to obtain scions of the Ixeris sonchifolia;
(3) Grafting management is carried out on the scion herba Ixeritis Denticulatae, and the scion herba Ixeritis Denticulatae is cultivated until the scion herba Ixeritis Denticulatae survives;
(4) Cultivating the surviving scion herba Ixeritis Denticulatae to a flowering period, then carrying out artificial emasculation in the flowering period, bagging and isolation, collecting pollen of the herba Ixeritis Denticulatae with the same step (1) after 2-4 days of artificial emasculation, pollinating the scion plant after emasculation, and carrying out conventional management to obtain herba Ixeritis Denticulatae seeds;
(5) Planting the Ixeris sonchifolia seed obtained in the step (4) to obtain the Ixeris sonchifolia with high yield.
The bistort rhizome plant in the step (1) is selfed for 3-10 generations, particularly, the bistort rhizome plant is selfed for 5 generations to obtain a robustly bistort rhizome plant, the plant can better ensure the survival rate of subsequent grafting, the inbreeding is carried out by adopting an inflorescence bagging mode, and the specific steps are as follows: seeding and cultivating bistort rhizome seeds, and selfing for 5 generations by using an inflorescence bagging method the day before the buds are cracked to obtain a bistort rhizome plant with a robustly developed.
Because the herba Ixeritis Denticulatae is wild, in order to obtain stable herba Ixeritis Denticulatae seedlings, the applicant has found through a great deal of researches that the stable herba Ixeritis Denticulatae can be obtained by selfing the wild herba Ixeritis Denticulatae for more than 10 generations, and the specific steps are as follows: sowing and cultivating seeds of wild Ixeris sonchifolia, and selfing 10 generations by using an inflorescence bagging method the day before the buds crack to obtain the stable Ixeris sonchifolia.
The grafting method in the step (2) comprises the following specific steps: cutting off a stem part of a stock by a blade, cutting off a scion from a base part by the blade, picking off all leaves, cutting the scion into a wedge shape by the blade, inserting the wedge surface into the incision of the bistort plant to align the incisions of the bistort plant, and winding and fixing the stock and the scion by an adhesive tape to obtain the scion herba Ixeritis Denticulatae.
The plant spacing between the scions of the Ixeris sonchifolia in the step (2) is 1-2m, and the row spacing is 2-3m.
Preferably, the plant spacing between scion plants in the step (2) is 1.5m, and the row spacing is 2.5m.
The cultivation conditions in the grafting management in the step (3) are as follows: sleeving the scion herba Ixeritis Denticulatae with a sterilized plastic bag, and keeping humidity above 75%; the temperature is kept at 20-25 ℃ in daytime and 15-20 ℃ at night; the grafting management comprises the following steps: when 2-3 leaves grow out of the scion herba Ixeritis Denticulatae, the grafting survival is normal cultivation and management, and the side buds newly grown by the scion plant are removed in time during the growth period.
The manual emasculation operation in the step (4) comprises the following steps: removing stamens of flower buds before flowering by pulling out petals.
In some embodiments, the means of pollination in step (4) is one of wind pollination, insect pollination, artificial pollination.
Preferably, the pollination in the step (4) is performed manually.
The artificial pollination operation mode is as follows: collecting pollen after the Ixeris sonchifolia seedling is cultivated to bloom in the step (1), then placing the pollen on a piece of parchment paper, airing in the shade until anthers are opened, wrapping the anthers with the parchment paper, beating to obtain pollen, and sequentially and uniformly smearing the pollen on flower columns of spike plants.
The time for collecting the Ixeris sonchifolia in the step (4) is 11:30 to 14:00.
the region planted in the step (5) belongs to subtropical humid monsoon climate, is mild and moist, is distinct in four seasons, has sufficient sunlight and abundant rainfall, and is very suitable for planting the Ixeris sonchifolia.
Preferably, the middle planting land type in the step (5) belongs to the topography along the northwest high and southeast low, the planted soil is purple brown soil with higher congenital fertility, and the soil is rich in various microelements such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, iron, nickel, selenium, cobalt and the like.
In some embodiments, the planted area is a region of the province, camara, county, and the province.
In some embodiments, the Ixeris sonchifolia seed can also be planted in small amounts in the courtyard.
In some embodiments, the planting of the Ixeris sonchifolia seed in step (5) comprises the steps of:
s1: the flat land is unpacked to have the width of 2.3-2.5m and the ditch depth of 50cm plus or minus 5cm;
s2: applying farmyard manure, wherein 800-1000kg of farmyard manure is applied per mu;
s3: planting herba Ixeritis Denticulatae seeds in a manner of staggered arrangement of plants in adjacent rows according to plant spacing of 50cm and row spacing of 1.2m, covering with plastic film, uncovering the plastic film after 2 months, conventionally planting, and conventionally harvesting to obtain high-yield herba Ixeritis Denticulatae.
When planting, 20g of the Ixeris sonchifolia seeds are needed in each mu of land.
In some embodiments, the plastic film is removed and then manually removed every 1 month until the high yield Ixeris sonchifolia is obtained.
Wherein, the high-yield Ixeris sonchifolia can be harvested in two seasons each year.
Specifically, the first season is: the seeds of the Ixeris sonchifolia Hance are planted in the middle ten days of 6 months, the plastic film is uncovered in the upper ten days of 9 months, the seeds are manually weeding is carried out once in the upper ten days of 10 months and 11 months respectively, and then the high-yield Ixeris sonchifolia Hance is obtained in the upper ten days of 11 months.
The second season is as follows: the seeds of the Ixeris sonchifolia are planted in the next ten days of 11 months, the plastic film is uncovered in the next 2 months, the next 3 months, the next 4 months and the next 5 months, the seeds are manually weeding once respectively, and then the high-yield Ixeris sonchifolia is obtained in the next 5 months.
The soil box opening refers to the soil box which is used for respectively enabling the flattened soil to be between 2.3 and 2.5m so as to ensure that the soil box is not stepped in the soil box when fertilization and manual weeding are carried out later.
The farmyard manure is obtained by fermenting animal manure or human manure for more than 10 days under natural conditions.
The applicant found in the research that the high-yield Ixeris sonchifolia can be stably planted for two years by planting the high-yield Ixeris sonchifolia on the same land without renovation, and the variation of the high-yield Ixeris sonchifolia planted in the third year means that the leaf of the high-yield Ixeris sonchifolia planted becomes smaller and the height becomes lower.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides the use of the high yield Ixeris sonchifolia according to the breeding method described above, including the preparation of edible vegetables, vegetable beverages, the production of white spirit, animal feeds, leaf proteins and starch extraction.
In some embodiments, when the high yield Ixeris sonchifolia grows to about 1m, its branches can be used for preparing pickle, sauerkraut, organic bean curd, etc.
The planting of the seeds of the Ixeris sonchifolia reaches about 35-45 days after sowing, and the period from seedling to maturity is about 150 days.
Has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the detection results of the national food bureau Chengdu grain and oil food monitoring and testing center of the institute of biological research of Chinese academy of sciences, the high-yield Ixeris sonchifolia has various nutrition ingredient indexes which are suitable for women, children and middle-aged and elderly people to eat, and are beneficial to health;
2. the high-yield Ixeris sonchifolia Hance prepared by the breeding method has high yield, good quality, rich nutrition, strong drought resistance and strong pest resistance, and belongs to the range of green foods;
3. the high-yield Ixeris sonchifolia is planted without pesticide spraying during the planting period, belongs to green vegetables, and is harvested for two seasons a year, so that the high-yield Ixeris sonchifolia has the characteristics of high yield, cold resistance, drought resistance and disease resistance.
4. Compared with the prior art, the high yield obtained by planting in the invention can be planted for two seasons in one year, the plant height of the high yield Ixeris sonchifolia obtained by planting can reach about 3m, the leaf can reach 70cm, and the width can reach 25cm.
5. A series of experiments are carried out on the high-yield Ixeris sonchifolia planting, which can steadily increase, and the name of the Ixeris sonchifolia is defined as Ixeris sonchifolia Chuanstele No. 1.
Drawings
FIGS. 1-2 are photographs of the seed of Ixeris sonchifolia in example 1.
FIGS. 3 to 4 are photographs of high-yield Ixeris sonchifolia planted in a courtyard according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a picture of wild Ixeris sonchifolia;
FIG. 6 is a photograph showing the flowering period of high yield Ixeris sonchifolia in the late 2018, 11 and 2019, which is recorded in the late 3 rd and 2018;
FIGS. 7 to 8 are photographs of the obtained high yield Ixeris sonchifolia harvested in the late 5 months;
FIGS. 9 to 11 are photographs recorded at different times of high-yield Ixeris sonchifolia planted in late 11 th 2018;
FIG. 12 shows the results of protein, starch and procyanidins obtained from the harvesting of high yield Ixeris sonchifolia in the next 5 th year of 2016;
FIG. 13 shows the results of the detection of the high yield of the active ingredient of Ixeris sonchifolia harvested in late 5 th 2019;
fig. 14 is a picture of the Ixeris sonchifolia Chuanstele No. 1 in the experimental field.
Detailed Description
Example 1
A planting method of high-yield Ixeris sonchifolia comprises the following steps:
(1) Sowing and cultivating bistort seeds, selfing for 5 generations by using an inflorescence bagging method to obtain a bistort plant with a strong development, taking the bistort plant with the strong development as a stock, sowing and cultivating wild Ixeris sonchifolia seeds, selfing for 10 generations by using an inflorescence bagging method, and taking the stable Ixeris sonchifolia seedling as a scion the day before the buds are cracked;
(2) Cutting off a stem part of a stock by a blade, cutting off a scion from a base part by the blade, picking off all leaves, cutting the scion into a wedge shape by the blade, inserting the wedge surface into the incision of the bistort plant to align the incisions of the bistort plant and the scion, and winding and fixing the stock and the scion by using an adhesive tape to obtain the scion herba Ixeritis Denticulatae, wherein the plant spacing between the stocks is 1.5m and the line spacing is 2.5m;
(3) Sleeving the scion herba Ixeritis Denticulatae with sterilized plastic, and keeping humidity above 75%; maintaining the temperature at 20-25deg.C in daytime and 15-20deg.C at night, when 2-3 leaves grow out of scion rhizoma Bistortae, showing that grafting survival is normal cultivation and management, timely removing newly grown lateral buds of scion herba Ixeritis Denticulatae during growth period, and cultivating until scion herba Ixeritis Denticulatae survives;
(4) Culturing the surviving scion herba Ixeritis Denticulatae to a flowering period, pulling petals out before flowering, removing stamens by forceps, bagging and isolating, collecting pollen after artificial emasculation for 3 days, placing the pollen after the herba Ixeritis Denticulatae seedling is cultured to flowering in the step (1), airing the pollen on sulfuric acid paper in the shade until anther is opened, wrapping the anther by sulfuric acid paper, beating to obtain pollen, sequentially and uniformly smearing the pollen on flower columns of the scion herba Ixeritis Denticulatae, performing artificial pollination, bagging and isolating after pollination, collecting the herba Ixeritis Denticulatae seeds at 12 points after conventional management, naturally drying the collected herba Ixeritis Denticulatae seeds at the shade for 6 days, and bagging and storing; the seed pictures of the Ixeris sonchifolia seed are shown in figures 1-2;
(5) Planting seeds:
the experimental planting base is a Sichuan Guangyuan Camel county tombstone county;
in the middle of 6 months in 2014, the flat land is unpacked to have the width of 2.3-2.5m and the ditch depth of 50 cm+/-5 cm; applying farmyard manure, wherein 1000kg of farmyard manure is applied per mu; planting herba Ixeritis Denticulatae seeds (20 g of herba Ixeritis Denticulatae seeds per mu land) in a staggered manner according to the plant spacing of 50cm and the line spacing of 1.2m, covering a plastic film, uncovering the plastic film in the first ten days of the 9 th year 2014, manually weeding the plastic film once in the first ten days of the 10 th year 2014 and the 11 th year 2014 respectively, and harvesting the herba Ixeritis Denticulatae in the first ten days of the 11 th year 2014 to obtain high-yield herba Ixeritis Denticulatae;
opening a flat land to a width of 2.3-2.5m and a trench depth of 50cm + -5 cm in the late 11 months of 2014; applying farmyard manure, wherein 1000kg of farmyard manure is applied per mu; planting herba Ixeritis Denticulatae seeds (20 g of herba Ixeritis Denticulatae seeds per mu of land) in a staggered manner according to the plant spacing of 50cm and the line spacing of 1.2m, covering a plastic film, uncovering the plastic film in the first ten days of 2 months of 2015, manually weeding once in the first ten days of 3 months of 2015, 4 months of 2015 and 5 months of 2015 respectively, and harvesting in the next ten days of 5 months of 2015 to obtain high-yield herba Ixeritis Denticulatae;
opening a flat land to a width of 2.3-2.5m and a ditch depth of 50cm + -5 cm in 6 middle of 2015; applying farmyard manure, wherein 900kg of farmyard manure is applied per mu; planting herba Ixeritis Denticulatae seeds (20 g of herba Ixeritis Denticulatae seeds per mu land) in a staggered manner according to the plant spacing of 50cm and the line spacing of 1.2m, covering a plastic film, uncovering the plastic film in the last ten days of the year 2015, respectively weeding once manually in the last ten days of the year 2015 and 10 and 11, and harvesting the herba Ixeritis Denticulatae in the last ten days of the year 2015 to obtain high-yield herba Ixeritis Denticulatae;
opening a flat land to a width of 2.3-2.5m and a ditch depth of 50cm + -5 cm in the next 11 months of 2016; applying farmyard manure, wherein 800kg of farmyard manure is applied per mu; planting herba Ixeritis Denticulatae seeds (20 g of herba Ixeritis Denticulatae seeds per mu land) in a staggered manner according to the plant spacing of 50cm and the line spacing of 1.2m, covering a plastic film, uncovering the plastic film in the first half of 2015, manually weeding the first half of 2017, the first half of 2017 and the first half of 2017, and harvesting the high-yield herba Ixeritis Denticulatae in the next half of 2017 in the first half of 5.
Example 2
The method of example 1 was followed to obtain the seed of Ixeris sonchifolia, and then planting:
the experimental planting base is a Sichuan Guangyuan Camel county tombstone county;
in the middle of 6 months in 2018, the flat land is unpacked to have the width of 2.3-2.5m and the ditch depth of 50 cm+/-5 cm; applying farmyard manure, wherein 800kg of farmyard manure is applied per mu; planting herba Ixeritis Denticulatae seeds (20 g of herba Ixeritis Denticulatae seeds per mu land) in a staggered manner according to the plant spacing of 50cm and the line spacing of 1.2m, covering a plastic film, uncovering the plastic film in the first ten days of the 9 th year 2018, manually weeding the plastic film once in the first ten days of the 10 th year 2018 and the 11 th month 2018 respectively, and harvesting the herba Ixeritis Denticulatae in the first ten days of the 11 th year 2018;
opening a flat land to a width of 2.3-2.5m and a trench depth of 50cm + -5 cm in the late 11 months of 2018; applying farmyard manure, wherein 800kg of farmyard manure is applied per mu; planting herba Ixeritis Denticulatae seeds (20 g of herba Ixeritis Denticulatae seeds per mu land) in a staggered manner according to the plant spacing of 50cm and the line spacing of 1.2m, covering a plastic film, uncovering the plastic film in the first ten days of 2 months in 2019, manually weeding once in the first ten days of 3 months in 2019, 4 months in 2019 and 5 months in 2019 respectively, and harvesting in the next ten days of 5 months in 2019 to obtain the high-yield herba Ixeritis Denticulatae.
During the growth, the pictures recording the growth are: FIG. 6 is a photograph of the flowering time of high yield Ixeris sonchifolia with a recording time of 2019, 3 months and late; FIGS. 7 to 8 are photographs of the obtained high yield Ixeris sonchifolia harvested in the late 5 months.
Wherein FIGS. 9 to 11 are photographs recorded at different times of high-yield Ixeris sonchifolia planted in late 11 months of 2018.
Detection of high yield Ixeris sonchifolia
The length, width and height of the harvested high yield Ixeris sonchifolia leaf were measured using a ruler and the test results are shown in Table 1:
TABLE 1
Wherein, the table is the average measured value of the high-yield Ixeris sonchifolia.
Protein, starch and procyanidine in the high-yield Ixeris sonchifolia obtained in the last ten days of 5 months of 2016 are detected, and the detection result is shown in figure 12;
some effective components of herba Ixeritis Denticulatae obtained in late 5 th 2019 are detected, and the detection result is shown in figure 13.
Claims (7)
1. A planting method of high-yield Ixeris sonchifolia is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Culturing a strong bistort plant as a stock, and culturing stable Ixeris sonchifolia seedlings as scions;
(2) Grafting scions on the stem parts of the stock to obtain scions of the Ixeris sonchifolia;
(3) Grafting management is carried out on the scion herba Ixeritis Denticulatae, and the scion herba Ixeritis Denticulatae is cultivated until the scion herba Ixeritis Denticulatae survives;
(4) Cultivating the surviving scion herba Ixeritis Denticulatae to a flowering period, then carrying out artificial emasculation in the flowering period, bagging and isolation, collecting pollen of the herba Ixeritis Denticulatae with the same step (1) after 2-4 days of artificial emasculation, pollinating the scion plant after emasculation, and carrying out conventional management to obtain herba Ixeritis Denticulatae seeds;
(5) Planting the Ixeris sonchifolia seeds obtained in the step (4) to obtain high-yield Ixeris sonchifolia;
taking bistort seeds for sowing and cultivating in the step (1), selfing for 5 generations by using an inflorescence bagging method until the buds crack to obtain a bistort plant with a strong development, taking the bistort plant with the strong development as a stock, sowing and cultivating the seeds of wild Ixeris sonchifolia, selfing for 10 generations by using an inflorescence bagging method until the buds crack to obtain a stable Ixeris sonchifolia, and taking the stable Ixeris sonchifolia seedling as a scion;
in the step (2), the stem part of the stock is cut off by a blade, the scion is cut off from the base by the blade, all leaves are removed, then the scion is cut into a wedge shape by the blade, the wedge surface is consistent with the incision of the bistort plant, the incisions of the bistort plant are inserted into the incisions of the bistort plant, the incisions of the bistort plant are aligned, then the stock and the scion are wound and fixed by an adhesive tape, and the scion herba Ixeritis Denticulatae is obtained, wherein the plant spacing between the stocks is 1.5m, and the row spacing is 2.5m.
2. The method for planting high yield Ixeris sonchifolia according to claim 1, wherein the cultivation conditions in the grafting management in the step (3) are as follows: sleeving the scion herba Ixeritis Denticulatae with a sterilized plastic bag, and keeping humidity above 75%; the temperature is kept at 20-25 ℃ in daytime and 15-20 ℃ at night; the grafting management comprises the following steps: when 2-3 leaves grow out of the scion herba Ixeritis Denticulatae, the grafting survival is normal cultivation and management, and the side buds newly grown by the scion plant are removed in time during the growth period.
3. The method for planting high-yield Ixeris sonchifolia according to claim 1, wherein the artificial emasculation in the step (4) comprises the following steps: removing stamens of flower buds before flowering by pulling out petals.
4. The method for planting high-yield Ixeris sonchifolia according to claim 1, wherein the pollination mode in the step (4) is one of wind pollination, insect pollination and artificial pollination.
5. The method for growing high-yield Ixeris sonchifolia according to any one of claims 1-4, wherein the region grown in step (5) is subtropical humid monsoon climate; the planted soil is purple brown soil.
6. The method for planting high yield Ixeris sonchifolia according to claim 5, wherein the planting of Ixeris sonchifolia seed in step (5) comprises the following steps:
s1: the flat land is unpacked to have the width of 2.3-2.5m and the ditch depth of 50cm plus or minus 5cm;
s2: applying farmyard manure, wherein 800-1000kg of farmyard manure is applied per mu;
s3: planting herba Ixeritis Denticulatae seeds in a manner of staggered arrangement of plants in adjacent rows according to plant spacing of 50cm and row spacing of 1.2m, covering with plastic film, uncovering the plastic film after 2 months, conventionally planting, and conventionally harvesting to obtain high-yield herba Ixeritis Denticulatae.
7. The method for growing Ixeris sonchifolia Hance according to claim 6, wherein the Ixeris sonchifolia Hance can be harvested in two seasons.
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| KR20060131684A (en) * | 2005-06-16 | 2006-12-20 | 롯데제과주식회사 | Lipolysis booster and its food preparation for prevention and improvement of obesity |
| KR20110096779A (en) * | 2010-02-23 | 2011-08-31 | 보리나라주식회사 | Composition containing the extract of buckwwheat bud, dropwort stem, chrysanthemum indicum, akebia quinata stem, lxeris dentata, plantain seed and bamboo leaf with effect of improving brain function |
| CN102523862A (en) * | 2011-11-16 | 2012-07-04 | 沈阳双鼎制药有限公司 | Cultivation and quality control method for ixeris sonchifolia hance for Kudiezi injection |
| CN104303849A (en) * | 2014-09-02 | 2015-01-28 | 徐玉文 | Method for grafting and cultivating chuzhou medicinal chrysanthemum |
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| KR20060131684A (en) * | 2005-06-16 | 2006-12-20 | 롯데제과주식회사 | Lipolysis booster and its food preparation for prevention and improvement of obesity |
| KR20110096779A (en) * | 2010-02-23 | 2011-08-31 | 보리나라주식회사 | Composition containing the extract of buckwwheat bud, dropwort stem, chrysanthemum indicum, akebia quinata stem, lxeris dentata, plantain seed and bamboo leaf with effect of improving brain function |
| CN102523862A (en) * | 2011-11-16 | 2012-07-04 | 沈阳双鼎制药有限公司 | Cultivation and quality control method for ixeris sonchifolia hance for Kudiezi injection |
| CN104303849A (en) * | 2014-09-02 | 2015-01-28 | 徐玉文 | Method for grafting and cultivating chuzhou medicinal chrysanthemum |
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