CN115206726A - A multi-pole longitudinal magnetic field vacuum interrupter contact structure - Google Patents

A multi-pole longitudinal magnetic field vacuum interrupter contact structure Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115206726A
CN115206726A CN202210736749.7A CN202210736749A CN115206726A CN 115206726 A CN115206726 A CN 115206726A CN 202210736749 A CN202210736749 A CN 202210736749A CN 115206726 A CN115206726 A CN 115206726A
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contact
magnetic field
iron cores
longitudinal magnetic
iron
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薛从军
李小钊
赵芳帅
齐大翠
柴娜
刘世柏
刘心悦
谷凤娟
李锟
郑乐乐
霍然
蒲良静
李仁峰
郭润韬
李相兵
海竣超
王茜
苏文豪
刘志利
吕佩佩
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Pinggao Group Co Ltd
Tianjin Pinggao Intelligent Electric Co Ltd
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Pinggao Group Co Ltd
Tianjin Pinggao Intelligent Electric Co Ltd
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Priority to CN202210736749.7A priority Critical patent/CN115206726A/en
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66Vacuum switches
    • H01H33/664Contacts; Arc-extinguishing means, e.g. arcing rings

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  • High-Tension Arc-Extinguishing Switches Without Spraying Means (AREA)
  • Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a contact structure of a vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber with a multi-pole longitudinal magnetic field.A contact piece is provided with an iron core or a plurality of iron cores, and the iron cores can enable an arcing region between contacts to generate the multi-pole longitudinal magnetic field and inhibit vacuum arc from shrinking. In the invention, the plurality of iron cores are uniformly arranged at intervals on the end surfaces of the two contact blades which are far away from each other, and the iron cores on the two contact blades are arranged in a staggered manner, so that a multistage longitudinal magnetic field can be formed when current flows through the contact blades. All the iron cores are not contacted with the conducting rod but only contacted with the contact blade, and the temperature rise of the vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber is promoted under the condition that the resistance of the contact structure is kept to the maximum extent. The distance between every two adjacent iron cores is greater than the shortest distance between upper iron core and the lower iron core, so that the generated longitudinal magnetic field is stronger, the contact blade can be more uniformly burnt, the ablation of the contact is reduced, the electric service life of the contact is prolonged, and the breaking capacity is improved.

Description

一种多极纵向磁场真空灭弧室触头结构A multi-pole longitudinal magnetic field vacuum interrupter contact structure

技术领域technical field

本发明属于真空灭弧室触头结构改进技术领域,尤其是一种多极纵向磁场真空灭弧室触头结构。The invention belongs to the technical field of vacuum interrupter contact structure improvement, in particular to a multi-pole longitudinal magnetic field vacuum interrupter contact structure.

背景技术Background technique

真空灭弧室的电极结构是由圆柱型的触头组成的,普通圆柱形触头的开端能力有限,仅能开断10kA以下电流。可以通过对触头的结构进行适当设计使电流流过触头时产生磁场,产生的横磁场的磁场方向与电流方向垂直(磁场方向为触头的径向方向),通过磁场的作用实现对电弧的控制。横磁场触头的开断电压一般不高于24kV,但磁场随开距的增大衰减较快,不适合用在大开距的真空灭弧室。若在触头处形成纵向磁场则能够抑制真空电弧的收缩,从而提高形成阳极斑点的电流阈值,使真空电弧在大电流的情况下仍能保持在扩散态,减轻了触头的烧蚀,提高了真空开关的开断能力,适用于高电压大开距的真空灭弧室,但加工工艺复杂,加工成本高,导电回路电阻大。The electrode structure of the vacuum interrupter is composed of cylindrical contacts. The starting capacity of ordinary cylindrical contacts is limited and can only interrupt currents below 10kA. By properly designing the structure of the contact, a magnetic field can be generated when the current flows through the contact, and the magnetic field direction of the generated transverse magnetic field is perpendicular to the current direction (the direction of the magnetic field is the radial direction of the contact). control. The breaking voltage of the transverse magnetic field contact is generally not higher than 24kV, but the magnetic field decays faster with the increase of the opening distance, so it is not suitable for use in the vacuum interrupter with a large opening distance. If a longitudinal magnetic field is formed at the contact, the contraction of the vacuum arc can be suppressed, thereby increasing the current threshold for forming anode spots, so that the vacuum arc can remain in a diffused state under the condition of high current, reducing the ablation of the contact and improving the The breaking capacity of the vacuum switch is improved, and it is suitable for the vacuum interrupter with high voltage and large opening distance, but the processing technology is complicated, the processing cost is high, and the resistance of the conductive circuit is large.

发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

本发明的目的在于克服现有技术的不足,提供了通过在导电杆旁侧的触头片表面上设置有多个导磁铁芯,两个触头片上的导磁铁芯交错分布的一种多极纵向磁场真空灭弧室触头结构。The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, and to provide a multi-pole in which a plurality of conductive cores are arranged on the surface of the contact piece beside the conductive rod, and the conductive cores on the two contact pieces are staggered. Longitudinal magnetic field vacuum interrupter contact structure.

本发明采取的技术方案是:The technical scheme adopted by the present invention is:

一种多极纵向磁场真空灭弧室触头结构,包括一对导电杆和一对触头片,其中,在所述触头片上设置有一个铁芯或多个铁芯,所述铁芯能使触头之间的燃弧区域产生多极纵向磁场并抑制真空电弧收缩。A multi-pole longitudinal magnetic field vacuum interrupter contact structure includes a pair of conductive rods and a pair of contact pieces, wherein an iron core or a plurality of iron cores are arranged on the contact pieces, and the iron cores can Creates a multi-pole longitudinal magnetic field in the arcing area between the contacts and suppresses vacuum arc contraction.

其中,所述触头片上设置有多个铁芯。Wherein, the contact piece is provided with a plurality of iron cores.

其中,所述一对触头片相互远离的两侧端面上均分别设置有多个铁芯。Wherein, a plurality of iron cores are respectively provided on the end surfaces on both sides of the pair of contact pieces away from each other.

其中,所述多个铁芯均不与所述导电杆连接。Wherein, the plurality of iron cores are not connected with the conductive rod.

其中,所述多个铁芯之间均匀间隔设置。Wherein, the plurality of iron cores are evenly spaced apart.

其中,所述两个触头片上的铁芯相互交错设置。Wherein, the iron cores on the two contact pieces are arranged in a staggered manner.

其中,位于同一个触头片上的每两个相邻的铁芯之间的间距大于两个触头片上的铁芯之间的最短距离。Wherein, the distance between every two adjacent iron cores on the same contact piece is greater than the shortest distance between the iron cores on the two contact pieces.

其中,每个所述铁芯均由多片内外径相同但圆心角角度不同的扇形铁片组成,多个扇形铁片圆心相同且圆心角朝向相同的叠放在一起,多个扇形铁片的圆心角角度向远离触头片的方向逐渐减小。Wherein, each of the iron cores is composed of a plurality of fan-shaped iron sheets with the same inner and outer diameters but different central angle angles. The angle of the central angle gradually decreases away from the contact blade.

本发明的优点和积极效果是:The advantages and positive effects of the present invention are:

本发明中,通过在两个触头片相互远离的端面上设置均匀间隔的多个铁芯,且两个触头片上的铁芯之间相互交错设置,使电流流过触头片时能形成多级纵向磁场。所有铁芯均不与导电杆接触而只与触头片接触,在最大程度的保留触头结构的电阻的情况下,提升了真空灭弧室的温升。每两个相邻的铁芯之间的间距大于上铁芯与下铁芯之间的最短距离使产生的纵向磁场更强,能够使触头片燃弧更加均匀,减少触头的烧蚀,增加触头的电寿命,提升开断能力。与现有技术相比,磁场更加均匀,燃弧面积提高,结构简单,易于制造。In the present invention, by arranging a plurality of iron cores at even intervals on the end faces of the two contact pieces away from each other, and the iron cores on the two contact pieces are arranged staggered with each other, when the current flows through the contact pieces, the Multilevel longitudinal magnetic field. All the iron cores are not in contact with the conductive rod but only with the contact piece, which increases the temperature rise of the vacuum interrupter while retaining the resistance of the contact structure to the greatest extent. The distance between each two adjacent iron cores is greater than the shortest distance between the upper iron core and the lower iron core, so that the generated longitudinal magnetic field is stronger, which can make the arc of the contact piece more uniform and reduce the ablation of the contact. Increase the electrical life of the contacts and improve the breaking capacity. Compared with the prior art, the magnetic field is more uniform, the arc area is increased, the structure is simple, and the manufacture is easy.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1是本发明的结构示意图;Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the present invention;

图2是图1的主视图;Fig. 2 is the front view of Fig. 1;

图3是图2中铁芯的俯视图;Fig. 3 is the top view of the iron core in Fig. 2;

图4是图1中的铁芯结构示意图;Fig. 4 is the iron core structure schematic diagram in Fig. 1;

图5是图1中上半部分触头的结构示意图;FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the upper part of the contact in FIG. 1;

图6是图5的主视图;Fig. 6 is the front view of Fig. 5;

图7是本发明中铁芯相互交错设置的俯视投影示意图;7 is a schematic top-view projection view of the iron cores staggered with each other in the present invention;

图8是本发明的总磁场强度示意图;8 is a schematic diagram of the total magnetic field intensity of the present invention;

图9是本发明的纵向磁场磁力方向示意图;Fig. 9 is the schematic diagram of the longitudinal magnetic field magnetic force direction of the present invention;

图10是本发明的磁场矢量图;Fig. 10 is the magnetic field vector diagram of the present invention;

图11是图10的截面图;Figure 11 is a cross-sectional view of Figure 10;

图12是本发明的磁场矢量又一示意图。FIG. 12 is another schematic diagram of the magnetic field vector of the present invention.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

下面结合实施例,对本发明进一步说明,下述实施例是说明性的,不是限定性的,不能以下述实施例来限定本发明的保护范围。The present invention will be further described below with reference to the examples. The following examples are illustrative, not restrictive, and the protection scope of the present invention cannot be limited by the following examples.

一种多极纵向磁场真空灭弧室触头结构,如图1-7所示,包括上导电杆1和下导电杆4,上导电杆和下导电杆相对的一端分别设置有上触头片2和下触头片3,上导电杆和下导电杆能相互靠近运动并带动上触头片和下触头片贴合在一起,完成开关的闭合;上导电杆和下导电杆也能相互远离运动并带动上触头片和下触头片由贴合状态分开一定的距离,完成开关的断开。A multi-pole longitudinal magnetic field vacuum interrupter contact structure, as shown in Figures 1-7, includes an upper conductive rod 1 and a lower conductive rod 4, and the opposite ends of the upper conductive rod and the lower conductive rod are respectively provided with upper contact pieces 2 and the lower contact piece 3, the upper conductive rod and the lower conductive rod can move close to each other and drive the upper contact piece and the lower contact piece to fit together to complete the closing of the switch; the upper conductive rod and the lower conductive rod can also mutually Move away from the switch and drive the upper contact piece and the lower contact piece to separate a certain distance from the fitted state to complete the disconnection of the switch.

本发明的创新在于:在触头片上设置有一个铁芯或多个铁芯,铁芯能使触头之间的燃弧区域产生多极纵向磁场并抑制真空电弧收缩。铁芯设置在一对触头片相互远离的两个端面上。本实施例中,在上触头片的上端面上均匀间隔设置有3个上铁芯6,在下触头片的下端面上均匀间隔设置有3个下铁芯5。所有的上铁芯均不与上导电杆接触,所有的下铁芯均不与下导电杆接触。铁芯可以采用焊接的方式固定连接在触头片上。The innovation of the present invention lies in that an iron core or a plurality of iron cores are arranged on the contact piece, and the iron core can generate a multi-pole longitudinal magnetic field in the arcing area between the contacts and restrain the vacuum arc from shrinking. The iron core is arranged on the two end faces of the pair of contact pieces away from each other. In this embodiment, three upper iron cores 6 are evenly spaced on the upper end surface of the upper contact piece, and three lower iron cores 5 are evenly spaced on the lower end surface of the lower contact piece. All the upper iron cores are not in contact with the upper conductive rods, and all the lower iron cores are not in contact with the lower conductive rods. The iron core can be fixedly connected to the contact piece by welding.

每个上铁芯和每个下铁芯均由多片内外径相同但圆心角角度不同的扇形铁片组成,多片扇形铁片圆心相同且圆心角朝向相同的叠放在一起,多个扇形铁片的圆心角角度向远离触头片的方向逐渐减小,即扇形铁片向远离触头片的方向表面积逐渐减小,多个扇形铁片叠加在一起形成一个近似马蹄形的铁芯。Each upper iron core and each lower iron core are composed of a plurality of fan-shaped iron sheets with the same inner and outer diameters but different central angle angles. The angle of the central angle of the iron sheet gradually decreases in the direction away from the contact sheet, that is, the surface area of the sector-shaped iron sheet gradually decreases in the direction away from the contact sheet.

每个触头片上的3个铁芯中相邻两个铁芯之间的夹角均为120度,每两个相邻的铁芯之间的间距需大于两个触头片上的铁芯之间的最短距离,即每两个相邻的铁芯之间的间距大于上铁芯与下铁芯之间的最短距离。The included angle between two adjacent iron cores among the three iron cores on each contact piece is 120 degrees, and the distance between each two adjacent iron cores must be greater than the distance between the iron cores on the two contact pieces. The shortest distance between them, that is, the distance between every two adjacent iron cores is greater than the shortest distance between the upper iron core and the lower iron core.

为了使两个触头片之间产生更强的磁场,两个触头片上的铁芯相互交错设置。即每个铁芯与每个下铁芯之间的夹角均为60度。In order to generate a stronger magnetic field between the two contact pieces, the iron cores on the two contact pieces are staggered. That is, the included angle between each iron core and each lower iron core is 60 degrees.

每个触头片上的铁芯数量可以根据实际需要进行调整,铁芯数量增加则纵向磁场的极数增加,铁芯数量增加则铁芯之间的夹角相应减小,每个上铁芯与每个下铁芯之间的夹角也相应减小,反之亦然,但仍需保证每两个相邻的铁芯之间的间距大于上铁芯与下铁芯之间的最短距离,以产生更强的磁场,实现本发明的目的。The number of iron cores on each contact piece can be adjusted according to actual needs. When the number of iron cores increases, the number of poles of the longitudinal magnetic field increases. When the number of iron cores increases, the angle between the iron cores decreases accordingly. The angle between each lower iron core is also reduced accordingly, and vice versa, but it is still necessary to ensure that the distance between every two adjacent iron cores is greater than the shortest distance between the upper iron core and the lower iron core, so as to A stronger magnetic field is generated to achieve the purpose of the present invention.

铁芯具有导磁作用,在电流流过触头片时能产生磁场,上述多个铁芯的之间的结构和位置特点,改变磁力线的路径使多个铁芯之间能形成多级纵向磁场,如图8所示为上述多个铁芯产生的总磁场强度示意图,如图9所示为上述多个铁芯产生的纵向磁场磁力线方向示意图,如图10所示为上述多个铁芯产生的磁场矢量图,如图11所示为图10的截面图,如图12所示为上述多个铁芯产生的磁场矢量另一个方向的示意图。由此可见,上述多个铁芯的设置提高了触头片的控弧能力,从而抑制电弧收缩,将聚集型真空电弧转化为扩散型电弧,提高开断短路电流的极限值。The iron core has a magnetic permeability, which can generate a magnetic field when the current flows through the contact piece. The structure and position characteristics of the above-mentioned multiple iron cores change the path of the magnetic field lines so that a multi-level longitudinal magnetic field can be formed between the multiple iron cores. , Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the total magnetic field intensity generated by the above-mentioned multiple iron cores, Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the direction of the longitudinal magnetic field lines generated by the above-mentioned multiple iron cores, and Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the above-mentioned multiple iron cores generated Fig. 11 is a cross-sectional view of Fig. 10, and Fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of another direction of the magnetic field vector generated by the above-mentioned multiple iron cores. It can be seen that the arrangement of the above-mentioned multiple iron cores improves the arc control ability of the contact piece, thereby suppressing arc shrinkage, converting a concentrated vacuum arc into a diffusion arc, and increasing the limit value of breaking short-circuit current.

本发明中,通过在两个触头片相互远离的端面上设置均匀间隔的多个铁芯,且两个触头片上的铁芯之间相互交错设置,使电流流过触头片时能形成多级纵向磁场。所有铁芯均不与导电杆接触而只与触头片接触,在最大程度的保留触头结构的电阻的情况下,提升了真空灭弧室的温升。每两个相邻的铁芯之间的间距大于上铁芯与下铁芯之间的最短距离使产生的纵向磁场更强,能够使触头片燃弧更加均匀,减少触头的烧蚀,增加触头的电寿命,提升开断能力。与现有技术相比,磁场更加均匀,燃弧面积提高,结构简单,易于制造。In the present invention, by arranging a plurality of iron cores at even intervals on the end faces of the two contact pieces away from each other, and the iron cores on the two contact pieces are arranged staggered with each other, when the current flows through the contact pieces, the Multilevel longitudinal magnetic field. All the iron cores are not in contact with the conductive rod but only with the contact piece, which increases the temperature rise of the vacuum interrupter while retaining the resistance of the contact structure to the greatest extent. The distance between each two adjacent iron cores is greater than the shortest distance between the upper iron core and the lower iron core, so that the generated longitudinal magnetic field is stronger, which can make the arc of the contact piece more uniform and reduce the ablation of the contact. Increase the electrical life of the contacts and improve the breaking capacity. Compared with the prior art, the magnetic field is more uniform, the arc area is increased, the structure is simple, and the manufacture is easy.

Claims (9)

1. The utility model provides a multipolar longitudinal magnetic field vacuum interrupter contact structure, includes a pair of conducting rod and a pair of contact blade, its characterized in that: the contact piece is provided with one iron core or a plurality of iron cores, and the iron cores can enable an arcing region between the contacts to generate a multi-pole longitudinal magnetic field and inhibit vacuum arc contraction.
2. A multipole longitudinal magnetic field vacuum interrupter contact structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: and a plurality of iron cores are arranged on the contact piece.
3. A multipole longitudinal magnetic field vacuum interrupter contact structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: and a plurality of iron cores are respectively arranged on the end surfaces of the two sides of the pair of contact blades which are far away from each other.
4. A multipole longitudinal magnetic field vacuum interrupter contact structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: the plurality of iron cores are not connected with the conductive rod.
5. A multipole longitudinal magnetic field vacuum interrupter contact structure according to claim 2 or 3 or 4, characterized in that: the plurality of iron cores are arranged at even intervals.
6. The structure of claim 5, wherein: the iron cores on the two contact blades are arranged in a staggered mode.
7. A multipole longitudinal magnetic field vacuum interrupter contact structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: the distance between every two adjacent iron cores on the same contact blade is larger than the shortest distance between the iron cores on the two contact blades.
8. The structure of claim 6, wherein: the distance between every two adjacent iron cores on the same contact blade is larger than the shortest distance between the iron cores on the two contact blades.
9. A multipole longitudinal magnetic field vacuum interrupter contact structure according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 6 or 7 or 8, characterized in that: each iron core is composed of a plurality of fan-shaped iron sheets with the same inner and outer diameters and different central angles, the circle centers of the fan-shaped iron sheets are the same, the central angles of the fan-shaped iron sheets are stacked together in the same direction, and the central angles of the fan-shaped iron sheets are gradually reduced in the direction far away from the contact blade.
CN202210736749.7A 2022-06-27 2022-06-27 A multi-pole longitudinal magnetic field vacuum interrupter contact structure Pending CN115206726A (en)

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