CN110379670B - High-current-capacity vacuum arc extinguish chamber with fixed fracture - Google Patents

High-current-capacity vacuum arc extinguish chamber with fixed fracture Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110379670B
CN110379670B CN201910650560.4A CN201910650560A CN110379670B CN 110379670 B CN110379670 B CN 110379670B CN 201910650560 A CN201910650560 A CN 201910650560A CN 110379670 B CN110379670 B CN 110379670B
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contact
movable end
static
movable
conducting rod
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CN110379670A (en
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刘志远
王子寒
李元钊
李昊旻
马慧
王建华
耿英三
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Xian Jiaotong University
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Xian Jiaotong University
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66Vacuum switches
    • H01H33/664Contacts; Arc-extinguishing means, e.g. arcing rings
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/30Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H9/44Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts using blow-out magnet

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  • Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)

Abstract

A high-current-capacity vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber with a fixed fracture is divided into a shell structure part, a static end structure part and a dynamic end structure part; the shell structure part consists of an arc extinguish chamber static end cover plate, an arc extinguish chamber moving end cover plate and a shell, and a metal shielding cover is arranged on the inner side of the shell; the static end structure part comprises a static end conducting rod, a static end internal contact, a static end external contact and a static end U-shaped iron core, wherein the static end internal contact and the static end external contact are connected below the static end conducting rod; the movable end structure part comprises a movable end inner conductive rod, a movable end inner contact connected with the movable end inner conductive rod, a movable end outer contact connected with the movable end outer conductive rod and a movable end U-shaped iron core arranged on the back side of the movable end outer contact; the invention separates the through-flow function and the on-off function of the vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber, realizes the through-flow function by the internal movable fracture contact and realizes the on-off function by the external fixed fracture contact, and solves the problem that the current capacity of the existing high-voltage class vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber is weaker.

Description

High-current-capacity vacuum arc extinguish chamber with fixed fracture
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of high-voltage-level vacuum arc-extinguishing chambers, and particularly relates to a high-current-capacity vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber with a fixed fracture.
Background
In the field of high-voltage electrical appliances, a high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker is a core component in a high-voltage switch assembly, and is electrical equipment for controlling and protecting an electric power system. The vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber is used as a core component of the high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker, and the connection and disconnection between the upper contact and the lower contact in the vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber are controlled through the action of the high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker operating mechanism, so that the circuit breaker is switched on and off to cut off current. With the development of power systems, the application of vacuum circuit breakers in the whole power system is rapidly developed. However, in the course of development, the demand for vacuum circuit breakers has also increased. In the field of high-voltage-class vacuum arc-extinguishing chambers, the arc-extinguishing chambers are required to have high rated current carrying capacity and high short-circuit current breaking capacity, and at the moment, the traditional vacuum circuit breaker is difficult to meet the requirements, so that the vacuum arc-extinguishing chambers with special structures need to be developed to meet the application requirements.
In order to improve the short-circuit current breaking capability of the vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber, a magnetic field control technology of the vacuum arc is generally adopted, and the magnetic field control technology mainly comprises a transverse magnetic field control technology and a longitudinal magnetic field control technology. The transverse magnetic field technology is characterized in that a specific contact structure is adopted, so that a current path formed in an arcing process forms a transverse magnetic field perpendicular to an arc current flow direction in a contact and a contact gap area of the contact. The transverse magnetic field acts on the vacuum arc to drive the vacuum arc to rotate on the surface of the contact, so that the partial excessive ablation of the contact by the arc is avoided, and the breaking capacity of the switch is improved. The longitudinal magnetic field technology is that a magnetic field parallel to the current flow direction of an arc is formed through a contact structure, so that vacuum arc is diffused and uniformly burnt, the concentration of the vacuum arc is reduced, the partial ablation of the arc on the surface of the contact is reduced, and the breaking capacity of a switch is improved.
For a longitudinal magnetic contact, a strong magnetic field can still be kept under a large distance, the breaking capacity is strong, but the contact structure is complex, the loop resistance is large, and the rated current carrying capacity is low; for the transverse magnetic contact, the loop resistance is small, but the magnetic field is weak under large opening distance, and the short-circuit current breaking capacity is low. Therefore, the traditional arc extinguish chamber contact structure cannot simultaneously have high short-circuit current breaking capacity and large rated current carrying capacity.
There are some vacuum interrupter designs using internal and external composite contact structures, and a typical design is a novel composite contact vacuum interrupter proposed by the university of western's ann and a vacuum circuit breaker applied to the same (patent application No. 201310534332.3), and the vacuum interrupter is shown in fig. 1 and comprises a static side structure part, a dynamic side structure part and a shell structure, wherein the static side structure part comprises a static side arcing current conducting rod (104) and a static side leading pole (103) which is arranged in the static side arcing current conducting rod (104) and is in clearance fit with the static side arcing current conducting rod (104); the movable side structure part comprises a movable end conducting rod 117, a movable end arcing magnetic field contact 115 welded at the upper end of the movable end conducting rod 117, a movable end annular arcing contact material 114 welded at the upper end of the movable end arcing magnetic field contact 115, and a movable end built-in conducting contact 116 welded inside the movable end arcing magnetic field contact 115. However, in practical application, the magnetic field generated by the external arcing contact in the design is greatly influenced by current distribution, and if the current is concentrated on the internal contact, the magnetic field generated by the external contact is weak; in addition, the strong magnetic field area generated by the external contact structure of the vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber is positioned in the range of the internal contact, and the longitudinal magnetic field in the external arc-burning range is weaker, so that the arc control is not facilitated.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides the high-current-capacity vacuum arc extinguish chamber with the fixed fracture, the through-current function and the breaking function of the arc extinguish chamber are separated, the through-current function is realized through the movable contact, the breaking function is realized through the fixed fracture, and the application requirements of both high short-circuit current breaking capacity and large rated current carrying capacity can be met.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a high-current-capacity vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber with a fixed fracture comprises a shell structure part, a static end structure part and a dynamic end structure part; the shell structure part consists of an arc extinguish chamber static end cover plate 9, an arc extinguish chamber moving end cover plate 13 and a shell 11 positioned between the arc extinguish chamber static end cover plate 9 and the arc extinguish chamber moving end cover plate 13, wherein a metal shielding cover 10 is arranged on the inner side of the shell 11; the static end structure part comprises a static end conducting rod 1, a static end external contact 4 welded at the tail end of the static end conducting rod 1, a static end internal contact 2 welded in a cavity at the tail end of the static end conducting rod 1 and positioned in the center of the static end external contact 4, and a static end U-shaped iron core 3-1 placed at the back side of the static end external contact 4; the movable end structure part comprises a movable end inner conducting rod 7, a movable end inner contact 6 welded at the tail end of the movable end inner conducting rod 7, a movable end outer conducting rod 8 arranged outside the movable end inner conducting rod 7, a movable end outer contact 5 welded at the tail end of the movable end outer conducting rod 8 and a movable end U-shaped iron core 3-2 welded at the back side of the movable end outer contact 5; the movable end inner conducting rod 7 is connected with a movable end cover plate 13 of the arc extinguish chamber through a corrugated pipe 12; the movable end external conducting rod 8 is positioned on the outer side of the corrugated pipe 12, and the bottom of the movable end external conducting rod is welded on the inner side of a movable end cover plate 13 of the arc extinguish chamber, so that the movable end external contact (5) is fixed in the switching-on and switching-off processes and forms a fixed fracture structure with the static end external contact 4; in the opening state, the opening distance between the movable end inner contact 6 and the static end inner contact 2 is larger than the opening distance between the movable end outer contact 5 and the static end outer contact 4.
The movable end internal contact 6 and the static end internal contact 2 are arranged oppositely and are of transverse magnetic field contact structures matched with the movable and static ends; the moving-end outer contact 5 is disposed opposite to the stationary-end outer contact 4.
The static end U-shaped iron core 3-1 and the moving end U-shaped iron core 3-2 are made of magnetic conductivity materials and formed by stacking a group of sheet U-shaped magnetic conductivity metal sheets, and the notch directions of the static end U-shaped iron core 3-1 and the moving end U-shaped iron core 3-2 are arranged in a staggered mode by 180 degrees and used for generating a bipolar longitudinal magnetic field between the static end external contact 4 and the moving end external contact 5.
In a closing state, the movable end internal contact 6 and the static end internal contact 2 are closed, a conductive path is formed together with the static end conductive rod 1 and the movable end internal conductive rod 7, and the movable end external contact and the movable end external conductive rod 8 do not participate in current conduction; when the circuit is switched off, the movable end inner conducting rod 7 drives the movable end inner contact 6 to move downwards, electric arcs are firstly started between the fixed end inner contact 2 and the movable end inner contact 6, along with the increase of the opening distance of the contacts, the electric arcs are outwards transferred between the fixed end outer contact 4 and the movable end outer contact 5 to be combusted under the action of the transverse magnetic field of the movable end inner contact, the electric arcs are diffused and quenched under the action of the bipolar longitudinal magnetic field generated by the movable end outer contact 5 and the fixed end outer contact 4, and when the movable end inner contact 6 moves downwards to the rear of the movable end outer contact 5, the electric arcs stop moving, and the brake-off state is achieved; in the opening state, the opening distance between the movable end inner contact 6 and the static end inner contact 2 is larger than the opening distance between the movable end outer contact 5 and the static end outer contact 4.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the rated current carrying capacity of the vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber is stronger. The transverse magnetic field contact with a simple structure is used as the inner contact to realize the through-flow function, so that the increase of loop resistance caused by a complex contact structure is avoided, and the rated current carrying capacity of the vacuum arc extinguish chamber is effectively improved. In addition, the through-flow part and the arcing part of the arc extinguish chamber are clearly distinguished through the inner contact and the outer contact, so that electric arcs are mainly combusted at the outer contact, the ablation effect of vacuum electric arcs on the inner contact is reduced, and the increase of indirect contact resistance of the contact caused by electric arc ablation is avoided.
2. The vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber has stronger short-circuit current breaking capacity. The inner contact and the outer contact are matched with each other to form a composite magnetic field between the contacts, the transverse magnetic field generated by the inner contact pushes the electric arc outwards to the outer contact, and the bipolar longitudinal magnetic field generated by the outer contact and the U-shaped iron core can fully diffuse the electric arc in the arcing process and finally extinguish the arc.
3. The vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber has higher insulation level. Through setting up external contact to fixed fracture structure, and move quiet end internal contact opening distance and be greater than sound end external contact opening distance under the separating brake state, played the electric field shielding effect of external contact to internal contact, avoided moving contact separating brake in-process's spring to the influence of arc rear arc extinguishing chamber withstand recovery voltage ability.
4. Compared with the novel composite contact vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber and the vacuum circuit breaker applied by the novel composite contact vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber in patent 201310534332.3, the arc-burning contact generates a magnetic field which is not influenced by current distribution, and the strong magnetic field area is positioned in the arc-burning contact area, so that the control capability of electric arcs is stronger.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a switching-off state of a prior art vacuum interrupter.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a closing state of the high-current capacity vacuum interrupter with a fixed fracture according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the switching-off state of the high-current capacity vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber with the fixed fracture.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a U-shaped iron core in a high-current capacity vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber with a fixed fracture according to the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the installation position of the U-shaped iron core in the high-current capacity vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber with the fixed fracture according to the invention.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 2, a schematic diagram of a switching-on state of a high-current capacity vacuum interrupter with a fixed fracture according to the present invention is shown, and the vacuum interrupter belongs to the technical field of high-voltage class vacuum interrupters, and includes a housing structure portion, a stationary side structure portion and a moving side structure portion. In the quiet side structure part, the quiet end cover plate 9 of explosion chamber welds in the both sides of shell 11 with explosion chamber movable end cover plate 13, constitutes the shell structure part of explosion chamber, and the inboard middle part welding of shell 11 has metal shield cover 10 with even electric field, block metal vapor deposition. In quiet end structure part, quiet end conducting rod 1 passes and welds in the central authorities of the quiet end cover plate 9 of explosion chamber, and quiet end external contact 4 all welds in the end of quiet end conducting rod 1 with quiet end internal contact 2, and quiet end internal contact 2 is located the center of quiet end external contact 4, and the dorsal side welding of quiet end external contact 4 has quiet end U type iron core 3-1. In the movable side structure part, a movable end inner conducting rod 7 penetrates through and is welded at the center of an arc extinguishing chamber movable end cover plate 13 through a corrugated pipe 12, and a movable end inner contact 6 is welded at the tail end of the movable end inner conducting rod; the movable end outer conducting rod 8 is welded inside the movable end cover plate 13 of the arc extinguish chamber and located on the outer side of the corrugated pipe 12, the movable end outer contact 5 is welded at the tail end of the movable end outer conducting rod 8, and the movable end U-shaped iron core 3-2 is welded on the back side of the movable end outer contact 5. The internal contact is a movable fracture contact, the external contact is a fixed fracture contact, the through-flow function is realized by the internal movable fracture contact, the on-off function is realized by the external fixed fracture contact, and the problem that the existing high-voltage-level vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber is poor in through-flow capacity is solved.
The static end internal contact 2 and the moving end internal contact 6 are arranged oppositely, and adopt matched transverse magnetic field contact structures, specifically, can be cup-shaped transverse magnetic contact structures, cross magnetic contact structures in a shape of Chinese character 'wan' or spiral groove transverse magnetic contact structures and the like. The static end external contact 4 and the moving end external contact 5 are arranged oppositely, the static end U-shaped iron core 3-1 and the moving end U-shaped iron core 3-2 are made of magnetic conductivity materials, and the directions of notches are arranged in a staggered mode by 180 degrees and used for generating a bipolar longitudinal magnetic field between the static end external contact 4 and the moving end external contact 5.
In a closing state, the static end inner contact 2 and the moving end inner contact 6 are closed, a conductive path is formed together with the static end conductive rod 1 and the moving end inner conductive rod 7, and the static end outer contact and the moving end outer conductive rod 8 do not participate in current conduction.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the switching-off state of the high-current capacity vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber with the fixed fracture. In the process of opening the brake, the movable end inner conducting rod 7 drives the movable end inner contact 6 to move downwards, electric arcs are firstly started between the fixed end inner contact 2 and the movable end inner contact 6, along with the increase of the opening distance of the contacts, the electric arcs are outwards transferred between the fixed end outer contact 4 and the movable end outer contact 5 to burn under the action of the transverse magnetic field of the movable end inner contact, the electric arcs are diffused and extinguished under the action of the bipolar longitudinal magnetic field generated by the movable end outer contact 5 and the fixed end outer contact 4, and when the movable end inner contact 6 moves downwards to the rear of the movable end outer contact 5, the movement is stopped, and the brake opening state is achieved. In the opening state, the opening distance between the movable end inner contact 6 and the static end inner contact 2 is larger than the opening distance between the movable end outer contact 5 and the static end outer contact 4.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a U-shaped iron core in a high-current capacity vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber with a fixed fracture according to the present invention. In this embodiment, the U-shaped core stationary end U-shaped core 3-1 and the moving end U-shaped core 3-2 are a set of stacked U-shaped sheet metal with magnetic permeability to reduce eddy currents therein.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the installation positions of the U-shaped iron core 3-1 at the stationary end and the U-shaped iron core 3-2 at the moving end in the high-current capacity vacuum arc extinguish chamber with the fixed fracture. The U-shaped iron core 3-1 at the static end and the U-shaped iron core 3-2 at the moving end, which are respectively welded at the back sides of the external contact 4 at the static end and the external contact 5 at the moving end, are uniformly distributed in the outer edge of the external contact, and the opening directions of the U-shaped iron core 3-1 at the static end and the U-shaped iron core 3-2 at the moving end are staggered by 180 degrees so as to generate a bipolar longitudinal magnetic field between the external contacts at the moving end and the static end.
The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and those skilled in the art can make modifications and variations to the high current capacity vacuum interrupter with fixed break according to the principle and idea of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should not be determined by the above-described embodiments, but should be defined by the contents of the appended claims.

Claims (3)

1. A high-current-capacity vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber with a fixed fracture comprises a shell structure part, a static end structure part and a dynamic end structure part; the method is characterized in that: the shell structure part consists of an arc extinguish chamber static end cover plate (9), an arc extinguish chamber moving end cover plate (13) and a shell (11) positioned between the arc extinguish chamber static end cover plate (9) and the arc extinguish chamber moving end cover plate (13), wherein a metal shielding cover (10) is arranged on the inner side of the shell (11); the static end structure part comprises a static end conducting rod (1), a static end external contact (4) welded at the tail end of the static end conducting rod (1), a static end internal contact (2) welded in a cavity at the tail end of the static end conducting rod (1) and positioned in the center of the static end external contact (4), and a static end U-shaped iron core (3-1) placed at the back side of the static end external contact (4); the movable end structure part comprises a movable end inner conducting rod (7), a movable end inner contact (6) welded at the tail end of the movable end inner conducting rod (7), a movable end outer conducting rod (8) arranged outside the movable end inner conducting rod (7), a movable end outer contact (5) welded at the tail end of the movable end outer conducting rod (8), and a movable end U-shaped iron core (3-2) welded at the back side of the movable end outer contact (5); the movable end inner conducting rod (7) is connected with a movable end cover plate (13) of the arc extinguish chamber through a corrugated pipe (12); the movable end external conducting rod (8) is positioned on the outer side of the corrugated pipe (12), and the bottom of the movable end external conducting rod is welded on the inner side of a movable end cover plate (13) of the arc extinguish chamber, so that the movable end external contact (5) is fixed in the switching-on and switching-off processes, and forms a fixed fracture structure with the static end external contact (4); in the opening state, the opening distance between the movable end internal contact (6) and the static end internal contact (2) is larger than the opening distance between the movable end external contact (5) and the static end external contact (4);
the movable end internal contact (6) and the static end internal contact (2) are arranged oppositely and are of transverse magnetic field contact structures matched with the movable and static ends; the movable end external contact (5) and the static end external contact (4) are arranged oppositely; the notch directions of the static end U-shaped iron core (3-1) and the movable end U-shaped iron core (3-2) are arranged in a staggered 180-degree mode and are used for generating a bipolar longitudinal magnetic field between the static end external contact (4) and the movable end external contact (5);
in the process of opening the brake, the movable end inner conducting rod (7) drives the movable end inner contact (6) to move downwards, electric arcs are firstly ignited between the static end inner contact (2) and the movable end inner contact (6), along with the increase of the opening distance of the contacts, the electric arcs are outwards transferred to the space between the static end outer contact (4) and the movable end outer contact (5) to burn under the action of the transverse magnetic field of the movable end inner contact and the static end outer contact (4), the electric arcs are diffused and extinguished under the action of the bipolar longitudinal magnetic field generated by the movable end outer contact (5) and the static end outer contact (4), and when the movable end inner contact (6) moves downwards to the rear side of the movable end outer contact (5), the electric arcs stop moving, and the brake opening state is achieved.
2. High-current-capacity vacuum interrupter with fixed interruption according to claim 1, characterized in that: the static end U-shaped iron core (3-1) and the moving end U-shaped iron core (3-2) are made of magnetic conductivity materials and are formed by stacking a group of sheet U-shaped magnetic conductivity metal sheets.
3. High-current-capacity vacuum interrupter with fixed interruption according to claim 1, characterized in that: in a closing state, the movable end internal contact (6) and the static end internal contact (2) are closed, a conductive path is formed together with the static end conductive rod (1) and the movable end internal conductive rod (7), and the movable end external contact and the movable end external conductive rod (8) do not participate in current conduction; under the opening state, the opening distance between the movable end internal contact (6) and the static end internal contact (2) is larger than the opening distance between the movable end external contact (5) and the static end external contact (4).
CN201910650560.4A 2019-07-18 2019-07-18 High-current-capacity vacuum arc extinguish chamber with fixed fracture Active CN110379670B (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112820580B (en) * 2020-12-30 2023-01-24 河北电力装备有限公司 Strap type transverse magnetic field direct current transfer device and application thereof
CN115206726A (en) * 2022-06-27 2022-10-18 天津平高智能电气有限公司 Multi-pole longitudinal magnetic field vacuum arc extinguish chamber contact structure

Citations (5)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102522257A (en) * 2011-12-09 2012-06-27 沈阳工业大学 Disk-type gyromagnet longitudinal-blowing vacuum arc extinguish chamber
CN102683099A (en) * 2012-05-31 2012-09-19 武汉大学 High-voltage vacuum switch
CN103762116A (en) * 2014-01-20 2014-04-30 浙江紫光电器有限公司 Contactor for high-pressure vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber
CN105679597A (en) * 2016-03-21 2016-06-15 西安交通大学 Contact with fixed fracture and having short-circuit current breaking capability and vacuum arc extinguishing chamber
CN107093535A (en) * 2017-06-06 2017-08-25 西安交通大学 A kind of high rated current longitudinal magnetic field vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber contact structure

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102522257A (en) * 2011-12-09 2012-06-27 沈阳工业大学 Disk-type gyromagnet longitudinal-blowing vacuum arc extinguish chamber
CN102683099A (en) * 2012-05-31 2012-09-19 武汉大学 High-voltage vacuum switch
CN103762116A (en) * 2014-01-20 2014-04-30 浙江紫光电器有限公司 Contactor for high-pressure vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber
CN105679597A (en) * 2016-03-21 2016-06-15 西安交通大学 Contact with fixed fracture and having short-circuit current breaking capability and vacuum arc extinguishing chamber
CN107093535A (en) * 2017-06-06 2017-08-25 西安交通大学 A kind of high rated current longitudinal magnetic field vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber contact structure

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