CN115198153B - High-plasticity high-heat-conductivity cast magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
High-plasticity high-heat-conductivity cast magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115198153B CN115198153B CN202210662885.6A CN202210662885A CN115198153B CN 115198153 B CN115198153 B CN 115198153B CN 202210662885 A CN202210662885 A CN 202210662885A CN 115198153 B CN115198153 B CN 115198153B
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- C22C23/00—Alloys based on magnesium
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- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/06—Making non-ferrous alloys with the use of special agents for refining or deoxidising
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of alloy material preparation, and particularly relates to a high-plasticity high-heat-conductivity cast magnesium alloy and a preparation method thereof. The magnesium alloy comprises the following components in percentage by weight: ga: 0-2%, ce:0 to 1.5 percent, and the balance of Mg and unavoidable impurities. The elongation rate of the alloy at room temperature reaches 19-23%, and the thermal conductivity at room temperature is higher than 110W/(m.K). Meanwhile, the series of alloy has simple preparation process, does not need heat treatment, and is easy to popularize and apply.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of alloy material preparation, and particularly relates to a high-plasticity high-heat-conductivity cast magnesium alloy and a preparation method thereof.
Background
As the lightest metal structural material in the actual application at present, the magnesium alloy has the advantages of high specific strength, high specific rigidity, good damping and vibration attenuation, strong heat conduction capacity and the like.
With the rapid development of the fields of aerospace, 3C electronics, LEDs and the like, the requirements on the mechanical properties and heat dissipation of related materials are higher and higher; however, the existing magnesium alloy generally has the problem that the heat conduction performance and the mechanical performance are difficult to synchronously improve, and the mechanical performance of most alloys is obviously improved after alloying, but the heat conduction performance is obviously reduced. Although pure magnesium has good heat conducting property, the strength and plasticity of the pure magnesium are extremely low, and the wide application of the pure magnesium is limited. Therefore, the development of the magnesium alloy with both mechanical property and heat conduction property has important significance. The patent 202010135525.1 discloses a high-heat-conductivity magnesium alloy and a preparation method thereof, wherein the method contains a large amount of Zn, sb, al, mn elements besides Ce, and a magnesium alloy material with the heat conductivity of more than 120W/(m.K) is obtained, but the room-temperature elongation of the magnesium alloy material is about 10%, so that the wider application of the magnesium alloy material is limited. In addition, the alloy needs to be annealed, so that the production efficiency is affected; traditional cast magnesium alloys such as AZ91, AM60 and AM50A have good mechanical properties, but have low thermal conductivity and cannot meet the application of the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a cast magnesium alloy with low cost, simple process, high plasticity and good heat conduction performance and a preparation method thereof, aiming at solving the defects of the background technology. The addition of the low-content Ga plays roles of refining grains and solid solution strengthening, improves the strength of the alloy, and has less influence on the thermal conductivity of the alloy; on the premise of ensuring the mechanical property, the addition of Ce can improve the heat conductivity of the alloy to a certain extent.
In order to achieve the aim of the invention, the invention provides a high-plasticity high-heat-conductivity cast magnesium alloy, which is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in percentage by weight: ga:0-3%, ce:0-2%, the balance being Mg and unavoidable impurities;
and the Ce is added into the magnesium alloy preparation process in the form of Mg-20Ce intermediate alloy.
Further, the magnesium alloy comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: ga:0-2.5%, ce:0-1.5%, and the balance of Mg and unavoidable impurities.
Further, the magnesium alloy comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: ga:0-2.0%, ce:0-1.0%, and the balance of Mg and unavoidable impurities.
Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiment of the invention also provides a preparation method of the high-plasticity high-heat-conductivity cast magnesium alloy, which specifically comprises the following steps:
s1: proportioning pure Mg, pure Ga and Mg-Ce intermediate alloy according to weight percentage;
s2: heating a smelting container, adding a smelting flux, heating the flux after smelting, and sequentially adding magnesium ingots, pure Ga and Mg-Ce intermediate alloy for refining;
s3: cooling and stirring after refining is finished, and heating and standing to precipitate slag;
s4: cooling to remove slag, and then immediately casting to obtain the cast magnesium alloy.
Further, the smelting flux is RJ-2 flux.
Further, the temperature of the heating process in the step S2 is 780 ℃, and the refining process parameters are as follows: the temperature is 780 ℃ and the time is 12-18min.
Further, the step S3 specifically includes:
cooling to 700-720 deg.C after refining, stirring for 8-12min;
heating to 780 ℃ and standing for 8-12min to precipitate slag.
Further, the temperature is reduced to 720 ℃ in the deslagging process.
Further, sulfur powder is uniformly scattered at a position 10cm above a pouring gate in the casting process so as to prevent oxidation combustion.
The beneficial effects are that:
according to the invention, ga and Ce are added into the magnesium alloy, so that on one hand, the effects of grain refinement and strengthening are achieved, the strength of the alloy is improved, on the other hand, the thermal conductivity of the alloy is improved to a certain extent on the basis of ensuring the mechanical property of the alloy, the thermal conductivity is above 110W/(m.K), and the content of alloy elements is low. The magnesium alloy of the invention has the elongation of 19-22%, no need of heat treatment and simple preparation process.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an as-cast structure chart (SEM) of a magnesium alloy obtained in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an as-cast structure chart (SEM) of a magnesium alloy obtained in example 2 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages to be solved by the present invention more apparent, the following detailed description will be given with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following specific embodiments.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used hereinafter have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the scope of the present invention.
Unless otherwise specifically indicated, the various raw materials, reagents, instruments, equipment and the like used in the present invention are commercially available or may be prepared by existing methods.
Example 1
The embodiment relates to a high-plasticity high-heat-conductivity cast magnesium alloy, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 2wt.% Ga, balance Mg.
The preparation process is as follows: heating the bottom of a 45# steel crucible to a red-hot state, then scattering RJ-2 flux at the bottom, putting a magnesium ingot when the flux powder is converted into a liquid phase and the temperature is raised to 780 ℃, then filling the magnesium ingot with liquid Ga, and refining for 15 minutes at 780 ℃ after all metals are melted; after refining, the resistance furnace is closed, the temperature of the melt is reduced to 700-720 ℃ and then stirred for 8-12 minutes; after stirring, opening a resistance furnace, heating to 780 ℃, and standing for 10 minutes to enable slag to be precipitated at the bottom of the crucible; cooling to 720 ℃, skimming slag, removing slag which easily flows along with the melt on the sprue gate, the inner wall and the surface of the melt, and immediately casting to obtain the Mg-2wt.% Ga alloy. The alloy of this example has a tensile strength of 191.8MPa, an elongation of 22.9% and a thermal conductivity of 114.2W/(mK), and its as-cast structure is shown in FIG. 1.
Example 2
The embodiment relates to a high-plasticity high-heat-conductivity cast magnesium alloy, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 2wt.% Ga,0.4wt.% Ce, the balance Mg.
The preparation process is as follows: and (3) heating the bottom of the No. 45 crucible until the bottom of the crucible is reddish, scattering RJ-2 covering agent at the bottom, starting to put magnesium ingots when the powder of the covering agent is converted into a liquid phase and the temperature is raised to 780 ℃, putting the magnesium ingots with liquid Ga after the magnesium ingots are melted, and finally putting the Mg-Ce intermediate alloy after all metals are melted. Refining for 15 minutes at 780 ℃; closing the resistance furnace after the refining stage is finished, reducing the temperature of the melt to 700-720 ℃ and stirring for 8-12 minutes; after stirring, opening a resistance furnace, heating to 780 ℃, and standing for 10 minutes to enable slag to be precipitated at the bottom of the crucible; cooling to 720 ℃, skimming slag, removing slag which easily flows along with the melt on the sprue gate, the inner wall and the surface of the melt, and immediately casting to obtain the Mg-2wt.% Ga-0.4wt.% Ce alloy. The alloy of this example had a tensile strength of 186.8MPa, an elongation of 19.4% and a thermal conductivity of 118.1W/(mK), and an as-cast structure chart shown in FIG. 2.
Example 3
The embodiment relates to a high-plasticity high-heat-conductivity cast magnesium alloy, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 2wt.% Ga,0.8wt.% Ce, the balance Mg.
The preparation process is as follows: and (3) heating the bottom of the No. 45 crucible until the bottom of the crucible is reddish, scattering RJ-2 covering agent at the bottom, starting to put magnesium ingots when the powder of the covering agent is converted into a liquid phase and the temperature is raised to 780 ℃, putting the magnesium ingots with liquid Ga after the magnesium ingots are melted, and finally putting the Mg-Ce intermediate alloy after all metals are melted. Refining for 15 minutes at 780 ℃; closing the resistance furnace after the refining stage is finished, reducing the temperature of the melt to 700-720 ℃ and stirring for 8-12 minutes; after stirring, opening a resistance furnace, heating to 780 ℃, and standing for 10 minutes to enable slag to be precipitated at the bottom of the crucible; cooling to 720 ℃, skimming slag, removing slag which easily flows along with the melt on the sprue gate, the inner wall and the surface of the melt, and immediately casting to obtain the Mg-2wt.% Ga-0.8wt.% Ce alloy. The alloy of this example had a tensile strength of 180.4MPa, an elongation of 19.2% and a thermal conductivity of 121.5W/(m.K)
The mechanical properties and thermal conductivities of the magnesium alloys obtained in the first to third examples and the magnesium alloys ZK51A and AZ91 on the existing market were compared, and the results are shown in table 1.
Table 1 table of performance data of magnesium alloy materials
As can be seen from Table 1, the magnesium alloy prepared by the present invention has significant advantages in terms of elongation and thermal conductivity as compared with the existing commercial magnesium alloys ZK51A and AZ 91.
The invention provides a high-plasticity high-heat-conductivity cast magnesium alloy and a preparation method thereof, wherein the magnesium alloy comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: ga: 0-2%, ce: 0-1%, and the balance of Mg and unavoidable impurities. Through adding Ga element into Mg, the prepared magnesium alloy is ensured to have uniform microstructure and smaller grain size, and the plasticity of the alloy can be obviously improved; and Ce element is further added, so that the heat conductivity of the alloy is improved to a certain extent on the premise of ensuring plasticity.
The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be able to apply equivalents and modifications according to the technical solution and the concept of the present invention within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The high-plasticity high-heat-conductivity cast magnesium alloy is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in percentage by weight: ga:0-3%, ce:0-2%, the balance being Mg and unavoidable impurities; the Ga and Ce are not 0%;
the Ce is added into a magnesium alloy preparation process in a Mg-20Ce intermediate alloy form;
the preparation method of the high-plasticity high-heat-conductivity cast magnesium alloy specifically comprises the following steps:
s1: proportioning pure Mg, pure Ga and Mg-Ce intermediate alloy according to weight percentage;
s2: heating a smelting container, adding a smelting flux, heating the flux after smelting, and sequentially adding magnesium ingots, pure Ga and Mg-Ce intermediate alloy for refining;
s3: cooling and stirring after refining is finished, and heating and standing to precipitate slag;
s4: cooling to remove slag, and then immediately casting to obtain the cast magnesium alloy.
2. The high-plasticity high-heat-conductivity cast magnesium alloy according to claim 1, wherein the magnesium alloy comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: ga:0-2.5%, ce:0-1.5%, and the balance of Mg and unavoidable impurities.
3. The high-plasticity high-heat-conductivity cast magnesium alloy according to claim 1, wherein the magnesium alloy comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: ga:0-2.0%, ce:0-1.0%, and the balance of Mg and unavoidable impurities.
4. The high plasticity high thermal conductivity cast magnesium alloy according to claim 1, wherein said melting flux is an RJ-2 flux.
5. The high-plasticity high-heat-conductivity cast magnesium alloy according to claim 1, wherein the temperature of the heating process in the step S2 is 780 ℃, and the refining process parameters are as follows: the temperature is 780 ℃ and the time is 12-18min.
6. The high-plasticity high-heat-conductivity cast magnesium alloy according to claim 1, wherein the step S3 specifically comprises:
cooling to 700-720 deg.C after refining, stirring for 8-12min;
heating to 780 ℃ and standing for 8-12min to precipitate slag.
7. The high plasticity high thermal conductivity cast magnesium alloy according to claim 1, wherein said temperature is reduced to 720 ℃ during deslagging.
8. The high plasticity high thermal conductivity cast magnesium alloy according to claim 1, wherein sulfur powder is uniformly scattered 10cm above the pouring gate in the casting process to prevent oxidation combustion.
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| CN102719716A (en) * | 2012-05-28 | 2012-10-10 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Heat conduction magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN104046867A (en) * | 2014-06-26 | 2014-09-17 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | High-plasticity heat-conducting magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN104651689A (en) * | 2015-02-28 | 2015-05-27 | 重庆大学 | High thermal conductivity magnesium alloy used under high temperature and preparation method thereof |
| WO2017068332A1 (en) * | 2015-10-19 | 2017-04-27 | Brunel University | A casting magnesium alloy for providing improved thermal conductivity |
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| JP2911267B2 (en) * | 1991-09-06 | 1999-06-23 | 健 増本 | High strength amorphous magnesium alloy and method for producing the same |
| JP5674136B2 (en) * | 2011-01-14 | 2015-02-25 | 三井金属ダイカスト株式会社 | High thermal conductivity magnesium alloy for die casting |
| CN105525172A (en) * | 2014-11-13 | 2016-04-27 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Magnesium alloy as well as preparation method thereof and application thereof |
| CN104451311A (en) * | 2014-11-28 | 2015-03-25 | 沈阳工业大学 | Magnesium alloy with high mechanical properties and preparation method of magnesium alloy |
| CN105779838B (en) * | 2014-12-17 | 2020-08-25 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | High-thermal-conductivity die-casting magnesium alloy and preparation process thereof |
| KR20190031099A (en) * | 2017-09-15 | 2019-03-25 | 엘지전자 주식회사 | High thermal conductivity magnesium alloy and heat sink using the same |
| CN107964617A (en) * | 2017-12-01 | 2018-04-27 | 朱旭 | A kind of high-strength magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN109161750A (en) * | 2018-09-11 | 2019-01-08 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | A kind of biological medical degradable magnesium alloy and preparation method with antibacterial functions |
| WO2021131205A1 (en) * | 2019-12-23 | 2021-07-01 | 住友電気工業株式会社 | Magnesium alloy plate and magnesium alloy coil material |
| CN111455246A (en) * | 2020-03-02 | 2020-07-28 | 华南理工大学 | High-thermal-conductivity magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof |
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| CN102719716A (en) * | 2012-05-28 | 2012-10-10 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Heat conduction magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN104046867A (en) * | 2014-06-26 | 2014-09-17 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | High-plasticity heat-conducting magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN104651689A (en) * | 2015-02-28 | 2015-05-27 | 重庆大学 | High thermal conductivity magnesium alloy used under high temperature and preparation method thereof |
| WO2017068332A1 (en) * | 2015-10-19 | 2017-04-27 | Brunel University | A casting magnesium alloy for providing improved thermal conductivity |
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