CN115197727B - Treatment method and treatment device for restoring polluted soil by biomass pyrolysis and carbonization - Google Patents
Treatment method and treatment device for restoring polluted soil by biomass pyrolysis and carbonization Download PDFInfo
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- CN115197727B CN115197727B CN202210965671.6A CN202210965671A CN115197727B CN 115197727 B CN115197727 B CN 115197727B CN 202210965671 A CN202210965671 A CN 202210965671A CN 115197727 B CN115197727 B CN 115197727B
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- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 93
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 67
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 60
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005067 remediation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010811 mineral waste Substances 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000006253 efflorescence Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910052976 metal sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 38
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010878 waste rock Substances 0.000 description 2
- 206010058314 Dysplasia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009335 monocropping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003900 soil pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009270 solid waste treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000024891 symptom Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
- Y02P20/129—Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a treatment method for restoring polluted soil by biomass pyrolysis carbonization, which comprises the steps of preparation, preheating, pyrolysis, heat exchange, discharging and restoration; the invention discloses a treatment device for realizing the treatment method, which comprises a feeding device, an airtight preheater, an airtight pyrolyzer, an airtight gas cooling discharger and a pyrolysis gas burner. According to the invention, mineral waste and biomass are mixed and carbonized, the fertility of the mineral waste and the pH value of the mineral waste can be effectively improved after treatment, physical weathering and chemical weathering of the mineral waste are accelerated, the content of metal sulfide in the mineral waste is reduced by thermal decomposition, improvement of the mineral waste is realized, and the mixture of the pyrolyzed waste and biomass can be used for repairing polluted soil; the device can realize the internal circulation of heat, thereby reducing the energy consumed by heat production, and is provided with the fixed exhaust gas recovery port, thereby having the advantages of environmental protection and emission reduction.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of solid waste treatment and environmental treatment, and particularly relates to a treatment method and a treatment device for restoring polluted soil by biomass pyrolysis and carbonization.
Background
Mining solid waste, simply mining waste, refers to waste rock and tailings produced during the process of mining and washing ores. In the ore exploitation process, surrounding rock is required to be stripped, waste rock is discharged, the obtained ore is also required to be washed and selected, the grade is improved, and tailings are discharged. Hazard to the environment: mining wastes are piled up in large quantity, pollute the land, or cause disasters such as landslide, debris flow and the like.
Continuous cropping obstacle, a soil pollution, refers to abnormal growth and development of crops caused by continuous cultivation of homologous or related crops on the same soil. Symptoms are generally growth dysplasia, yield and quality are reduced, and in extreme cases, partial death of seedlings, no or no vigorous seedling emergence are caused; most of the damaged plant roots are browned, branches are reduced, activity is low, distribution range is narrow, and the capability of absorbing moisture and nutrients is reduced.
Soil degradation is caused by long-term excessive agricultural activities, mining activities produce mining waste lands such as tailings, waste soil Dan Duichang and the like with more stones, less soil and deficient nutrient elements, and the soil covering sources are deficient, so that vegetation recovery is difficult. Therefore, it is very necessary to develop a treatment method and a treatment device for restoring polluted soil by biomass pyrolysis and carbonization.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims at providing a treatment method for restoring polluted soil by biomass pyrolysis carbonization.
The second aim of the invention is to provide a treatment device for realizing the treatment method for restoring the polluted soil by biomass pyrolysis and carbonization.
The first object of the present invention is achieved by comprising the steps of:
s1, preparation: respectively crushing biomass and mining waste, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixed material;
s2, preheating: the mixed material is preheated in the airtight preheater, and the pyrolysis gas burner is connected with the lower part of the airtight preheater to provide heat for the airtight preheater, so that the temperature of the material is raised;
s3, pyrolysis: the mixture after preheating and heating is pyrolyzed in an airtight pyrolyzer, the temperature in the airtight pyrolyzer is not increased any more or is reduced after the temperature is increased, namely, the reaction is completed, pyrolysis gas generated by pyrolysis is introduced into a pyrolysis gas burner, and heat generated by combustion of the pyrolysis gas burner is sent to the step S2 to provide heat for preheating;
s4, heat exchange: the pyrolyzed material is subjected to heat exchange and cooling in an airtight gas-cooled discharger by taking air as a heat exchange medium, and the air subjected to heat exchange is sent to a pyrolysis gas burner;
s5, discharging: discharging the cooled material;
s6, repairing: and uniformly mixing the cooled material with the polluted soil, and standing.
The second object of the invention is realized by comprising a feeding device, an airtight preheater, an airtight pyrolyzer, an airtight air-cooled discharger and a pyrolysis air burner, wherein the airtight preheater is of a horizontally placed cylindrical structure and is hollow in the interior, a first heat exchange coil is arranged on the side wall of the airtight preheater, the top of one end of the airtight preheater is provided with the feeding device, the bottom of the other end of the airtight preheater is connected with the feeding end of the airtight pyrolyzer through the first airtight feeder, the top of the airtight pyrolyzer is provided with an ignition port, the side wall of the airtight air-cooled discharger is provided with a second heat exchange coil, an air inlet pipe orifice of the second heat exchange coil is connected with an air pump, an air outlet pipe orifice of the second heat exchange coil is connected with an air inlet of the pyrolysis air burner through a pipeline, the bottom discharging end of the airtight pyrolyzer is connected with the feeding end of the top of the airtight air-cooled discharger through the second airtight feeder, the bottom discharging end of the airtight air-cooled discharger is connected with a material receiving device through a third airtight feeder, and a pyrolysis air outlet of the top of the airtight pyrolyzer is connected with a pyrolysis air inlet of the pyrolysis air burner through a pipeline.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
1. according to the invention, mineral waste and biomass are mixed and carbonized, the fertility of the mineral waste and the pH value of the mineral waste can be effectively improved after treatment, physical weathering and chemical weathering of the mineral waste are accelerated, the content of metal sulfide in the mineral waste is reduced by thermal decomposition, improvement of the mineral waste is realized, and the mixture of the pyrolyzed waste and biomass can be used for repairing polluted soil; the device can realize the internal circulation of heat, thereby reducing the energy consumed by heat production, and is provided with the fixed waste gas recovery port, thereby having the advantages of environmental protection and emission reduction;
2. the treatment device fully utilizes pyrolysis gas generated by pyrolysis of the continuously carbonized airtight pyrolyzer to burn, heat generated by burning is used for preheating the airtight preheater, combustion air of the pyrolysis gas burner is hot air after heat exchange and cooling of the airtight air cooling discharger, so that continuous treatment of biomass and mining waste is realized, and heat energy is effectively recycled;
3. the airtight pyrolyzer adopts a carbonization pyrolysis and combustion pyrolysis two-stage treatment mode, so that the improvement effect of mining wastes is effectively improved; and meanwhile, the combustion heat is fully utilized, and the energy is saved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a processing apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the airtight pyrolyzer;
FIG. 3 is a right-hand internal schematic view of FIG. 2;
in the figure: 1-feeding device, 2-airtight preheater, 3-airtight pyrolyzer, 301-outer shell, 302-first reaction chamber, 303-second reaction chamber, 304-partition plate, 305-first spiral feeder, 306-second spiral feeder, 307-first smoke exhaust pipe, 308-second smoke exhaust pipe, 309-discharge bin, 310-smoke guide pipe, 311-air inlet pipe, 4-airtight gas-cooled discharger, 5-pyrolysis gas burner, 6-tail gas purifier, 7-first heat exchange coil, 8-first airtight feeder, 9-second heat exchange coil, 10-second airtight feeder, 11-third airtight feeder, 12-material receiving device and 13-heat preservation.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, without limiting the invention in any way, and any alterations or substitutions based on the teachings of the invention are intended to fall within the scope of the invention.
The invention discloses a treatment method for restoring polluted soil by biomass pyrolysis and carbonization, which comprises the following steps:
s1, preparation: respectively crushing biomass and mining waste, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixed material;
s2, preheating: the mixed material is preheated in the airtight preheater, and the pyrolysis gas burner is connected with the lower part of the airtight preheater to provide heat for the airtight preheater, so that the temperature of the material is raised;
s3, pyrolysis: the mixture after preheating and heating is pyrolyzed in an airtight pyrolyzer, the temperature in the airtight pyrolyzer is not increased any more or is reduced after the temperature is increased, namely, the reaction is completed, pyrolysis gas generated by pyrolysis is introduced into a pyrolysis gas burner, and heat generated by combustion of the pyrolysis gas burner is sent to the step S2 to provide heat for preheating;
s4, heat exchange: the pyrolyzed material is subjected to heat exchange and cooling in an airtight gas-cooled discharger by taking air as a heat exchange medium, and the air subjected to heat exchange is sent to a pyrolysis gas burner;
s5, discharging: discharging the cooled material;
s6, repairing: and uniformly mixing the cooled material with the polluted soil, and standing.
S1, the mass ratio of biomass to mining waste is 3:7.
the mining waste is waste earth and stone and/or tailings.
And S6, the mass ratio of the polluted soil to the materials is 1.5-4:1.
The polluted soil is heavy metal polluted soil.
S1, crushing biomass and mining waste to particle sizes which are all larger than or equal to 50 meshes.
The treatment device for realizing the treatment method for the biomass pyrolysis carbonization remediation contaminated soil, which is shown in the accompanying drawings 1-3, comprises a feeding device 1, an airtight preheater 2, an airtight pyrolyzer 3, an airtight air-cooled discharger 4 and a pyrolysis air burner 5, and is characterized in that the airtight preheater 2 is of a horizontally-placed cylindrical structure and is hollow in the interior, a first heat exchange coil 7 is arranged on the side wall of the airtight preheater 2, the feeding device 1 is arranged at the top of one end of the airtight preheater 2, the bottom of the other end of the airtight preheater is connected with the feeding end of the airtight pyrolyzer 3 through a first airtight feeder 8, an ignition port is arranged at the top of the airtight pyrolyzer 3, a second heat exchange coil 9 is arranged on the side wall of the airtight air-cooled discharger 4, an air inlet pipe orifice of the second heat exchange coil 9 is connected with an air pump, an air outlet pipe orifice of the second heat exchange coil 9 is connected with the air inlet of the pyrolysis air burner 5 through a pipeline, a discharge end at the bottom of the airtight pyrolyzer 3 is connected with a feed end at the top of the airtight air-cooled discharger 4 through a second airtight feeder 10, a discharge end at the bottom of the airtight air-cooled discharger 4 is connected with a material receiving device 12 through a third airtight feeder 11, and the airtight air-cooled discharger 3 is connected with the pyrolysis air inlet of the pyrolysis air burner 5 through the first heat exchange pipe 5 through the pipeline 5.
The outlet of the first heat exchange coil 7 is provided with a tail gas purifier 6, the top of the airtight preheater 2 is provided with a water vapor outlet, the outer wall of the airtight pyrolyzer 3 is provided with a heat preservation layer 13, the first airtight feeder 8, the second airtight feeder 10 and the third airtight feeder 11 are all star-shaped unloading devices, the airtight preheater 2, the airtight pyrolyzer 3 and the airtight air-cooled unloading device 4 are respectively provided with a screw conveyer, and the airtight pyrolyzer 3 is provided with a temperature detector.
The air outlet pipe orifice of the second heat exchange coil 9 is connected with the air inlet of the airtight pyrolyzer 3 through a pipeline, and the pipeline is provided with an airtight valve.
The airtight pyrolyzer 3 comprises an outer shell 301, a first reaction chamber 302, a second reaction chamber 303, a partition 304, a first screw feeder 305, a second screw feeder 306, a first smoke exhaust pipe 307, a second smoke exhaust pipe 308 and a discharge bin 309, wherein the outer shell 301 is of a horizontal cylindrical structure and hollow inside, the partition 304 is horizontally arranged in the outer shell 301 to divide the outer shell 301 into an upper space and a lower space, the upper space is internally provided with the first reaction chamber 302, the lower space is internally provided with the second reaction chamber 303, the first reaction chamber 302 is internally horizontally provided with the first screw feeder 305, the second reaction chamber 303 is internally horizontally provided with the second screw feeder 306, the conveying direction of the first screw feeder 305 is opposite to that of the second screw feeder 306, the top of the first reaction chamber 302 opposite to the conveying starting end of the first screw feeder 305 is provided with a first airtight feeder 8, the discharge bin 309 is arranged at the end part of the outer shell 301, the feed end of the discharge bin 309 is communicated with the discharge end of the first reaction chamber 302, the feed end of the second reaction chamber 303 is arranged below the discharge end of the first reaction chamber 302, the discharge end of the discharge bin 309 is communicated with the feed end of the second reaction chamber 303, the discharge end of the second reaction chamber 303 is provided with a second airtight feeder 10, the second airtight feeder 10 is arranged below the first airtight feeder 8, a plate body, close to the conveying start end of the second reaction chamber 303, of the baffle 304 is provided with a smoke guide port, the smoke guide port is communicated with the second reaction chamber 303 through a smoke guide pipe 310, the side surface of the second reaction chamber 303 at one side of the second airtight feeder 10 is provided with an air inlet pipe 311, the air inlet pipe 311 is communicated with the air outlet of the second heat exchange coil 9 through a pipeline, the second reaction chamber 303 is provided with an ignition device, the discharging bin 309 is internally provided with a star-shaped discharging valve, the star-shaped discharging valve is close to the feeding end of the first reaction chamber 302, the first reaction chamber 302 is provided with a first smoke exhaust pipe 307, the first smoke exhaust pipe 307 penetrates out to the outer shell 301, the outer wall of the outer shell 301 corresponding to the feeding end of the first reaction chamber 302 is provided with a second smoke exhaust pipe 308, and the second smoke exhaust pipe 308 is communicated with the upper space in the outer shell 301; the working process of the airtight pyrolyzer 3: the materials enter a first reaction chamber 302, carbonization and pyrolysis are completed in the first reaction chamber 302 under a high-temperature anoxic environment, and the reacted mixture is discharged into a second reaction chamber 303 through a discharge bin 309; the pyrolysis gas generated in the first reaction chamber 302 is sent to the pyrolysis gas burner 5 through the first smoke exhaust pipe 307; the biochar in the material is ignited in the second reaction chamber 303, combustion air is provided to the second reaction chamber 303 through an air inlet pipe, and the material further thermally decomposes mining wastes in the combustion process; the biochar in the material can be burnt to a certain degree (in particular to a degree of non-burnout, namely, a part of biochar is reserved) and then discharged into the airtight gas-cooled discharger 4 from the second airtight feeder 10 to extinguish fire and cool; the high-temperature flue gas generated by the second reaction chamber 303 enters the upper space of the outer shell 301 through the smoke guide pipe 310 to provide heat for carbonization and pyrolysis of the first reaction chamber 302, and the flue gas is discharged from the second smoke discharge pipe 308; the airtight pyrolyzer disclosed by the invention is characterized in that the mixed material is carbonized and thermally decomposed in an anoxic environment, and then burnt in an aerobic environment, so that a part of biochar is further thermally decomposed and reserved, and the mining waste treatment effect is improved; the reacted material is put out and cooled in an airtight gas-cooled discharger 4.
The first reaction chamber 302 and the second reaction chamber 303 are cylindrical, the first smoke exhaust pipe 307 and the second smoke exhaust pipe 308 are provided with induced draft fans, one end of the smoke guide pipe 310 is communicated with the second reaction chamber 303, and the other end is respectively communicated with the upper spaces of the first reaction chamber 302 and the outer shell 301 through branch pipes; the flue gas of the second reaction chamber 303 passes through the smoke guide pipe 310, one part of flue gas enters the first reaction chamber 302, the other part of flue gas enters the upper space of the shell body, materials in the first reaction chamber 302 are fully heated, and simultaneously, the materials conveyed by the continuous spiral belt in the first reaction chamber 302 are contacted with the flue gas, so that part of harmful substances in the flue gas are attached to the surface of the biochar.
A smoke pipe is arranged on the outer wall of the outer shell 301 corresponding to the upper space in the outer shell 301, and the smoke pipe is connected with a smoke outlet of the fuel oil burner; the fuel burner is used for providing exogenous heating for the first reaction chamber.
The working principle and working process of the processing device are as follows: adding the mixed material of the biomass and the mining waste which are crushed and mixed into the airtight preheater 2 through the feeding device 1; the mixture is preheated in an airtight preheater 2; then the mixture is sent into an airtight pyrolyzer 3 for heating and pyrolysis, and the airtight pyrolyzer 3 can adopt exogenous heating equipment which is well known to those skilled in the art; the gas generated by pyrolysis is sent into a pyrolysis gas burner 5 for combustion, the combustion tail gas is sent into a first heat exchange coil 7 for providing heat for preheating of the airtight preheater 2, and the tail gas after heat exchange is treated by a tail gas purifier 6 and then is discharged; the material pyrolyzed by the airtight pyrolyzer 3 enters an airtight air-cooled discharger 4 for cooling, the material in the airtight air-cooled discharger 4 is subjected to heat exchange and cooling by adopting an air cooling mode of a second heat exchange coil 9, and hot air discharged by the second heat exchange coil 9 is sent into a pyrolysis gas burner 5 to be used as combustion air; the cooled material is stored in the material receiving means 12 and is ready for use in a subsequent repair.
The invention is further illustrated below with reference to examples.
Example 1
The treatment method for restoring the polluted soil by biomass pyrolysis and carbonization comprises the following steps:
s1, preparation: respectively crushing and uniformly mixing biomass and waste earth and stones to obtain a mixed material, wherein the mass ratio of the biomass to the waste earth and stones is 3:7, preparing a base material;
s2, preheating: the mixed material is preheated in the airtight preheater, and the pyrolysis gas burner is connected with the lower part of the airtight preheater to provide heat for the airtight preheater, so that the temperature of the material is raised;
s3, pyrolysis: the mixture after preheating and heating is pyrolyzed in an airtight pyrolyzer, the temperature in the airtight pyrolyzer is not increased any more or is reduced after the temperature is increased, namely, the reaction is completed, pyrolysis gas generated by pyrolysis is introduced into a pyrolysis gas burner, and heat generated by combustion of the pyrolysis gas burner is sent to the step S2 to provide heat for preheating;
s4, heat exchange: the pyrolyzed material is subjected to heat exchange and cooling in an airtight gas-cooled discharger by taking air as a heat exchange medium, and the air subjected to heat exchange is sent to a pyrolysis gas burner;
s5, discharging: discharging the cooled material;
s6, repairing: and uniformly mixing the cooled material with the polluted soil, and standing, wherein the mass ratio of the polluted soil to the material is 1.5:1.
Example 2
The treatment method for restoring the polluted soil by biomass pyrolysis and carbonization comprises the following steps:
s1, preparation: respectively crushing and uniformly mixing biomass and tailings to obtain a mixed material, wherein the mass ratio of the biomass to the tailings is 3:7, preparing a base material;
s2, preheating: the mixed material is preheated in the airtight preheater, and the pyrolysis gas burner is connected with the lower part of the airtight preheater to provide heat for the airtight preheater, so that the temperature of the material is raised;
s3, pyrolysis: the mixture after preheating and heating is pyrolyzed in an airtight pyrolyzer, the temperature in the airtight pyrolyzer is not increased any more or is reduced after the temperature is increased, namely, the reaction is completed, pyrolysis gas generated by pyrolysis is introduced into a pyrolysis gas burner, and heat generated by combustion of the pyrolysis gas burner is sent to the step S2 to provide heat for preheating;
s4, heat exchange: the pyrolyzed material is subjected to heat exchange and cooling in an airtight gas-cooled discharger by taking air as a heat exchange medium, and the air subjected to heat exchange is sent to a pyrolysis gas burner;
s5, discharging: discharging the cooled material;
s6, repairing: and uniformly mixing the cooled material with heavy metal contaminated soil, and standing, wherein the mass ratio of the heavy metal contaminated soil to the material is 4:1.
Example 3
The treatment method for restoring the polluted soil by biomass pyrolysis and carbonization comprises the following steps:
s1, preparation: respectively crushing and uniformly mixing biomass and mining wastes to obtain a mixed material, wherein the mass ratio of the biomass to the mining wastes is 3:7, preparing a base material; mixing the mining waste, namely waste earth and stone and tailings according to a mass ratio of 1:1;
s2, preheating: the mixed material is preheated in the airtight preheater, and the pyrolysis gas burner is connected with the lower part of the airtight preheater to provide heat for the airtight preheater, so that the temperature of the material is raised;
s3, pyrolysis: the mixture after preheating and heating is pyrolyzed in an airtight pyrolyzer, the temperature in the airtight pyrolyzer is not increased any more or is reduced after the temperature is increased, namely, the reaction is completed, pyrolysis gas generated by pyrolysis is introduced into a pyrolysis gas burner, and heat generated by combustion of the pyrolysis gas burner is sent to the step S2 to provide heat for preheating;
s4, heat exchange: the pyrolyzed material is subjected to heat exchange and cooling in an airtight gas-cooled discharger by taking air as a heat exchange medium, and the air subjected to heat exchange is sent to a pyrolysis gas burner;
s5, discharging: discharging the cooled material;
s6, repairing: and uniformly mixing the cooled material with the polluted soil, and standing, wherein the mass ratio of the polluted soil to the material is 2.75:1.
Claims (7)
1. The treatment method for restoring the polluted soil by pyrolysis and carbonization of biomass is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, preparation: respectively crushing biomass and mining waste, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixed material;
s2, preheating: the mixed material is preheated in the airtight preheater, and the pyrolysis gas burner is connected with the lower part of the airtight preheater to provide heat for the airtight preheater, so that the temperature of the material is raised;
s3, pyrolysis: the mixture after preheating and heating is pyrolyzed in an airtight pyrolyzer, the temperature in the airtight pyrolyzer is not increased any more or is reduced after the temperature is increased, namely, the reaction is completed, pyrolysis gas generated by pyrolysis is introduced into a pyrolysis gas burner, and heat generated by combustion of the pyrolysis gas burner is sent to the step S2 to provide heat for preheating;
s4, heat exchange: the pyrolyzed material is subjected to heat exchange and cooling in an airtight gas-cooled discharger by taking air as a heat exchange medium, and the air subjected to heat exchange is sent to a pyrolysis gas burner;
s5, discharging: discharging the cooled material;
s6, repairing: uniformly mixing the cooled material with the polluted soil, and standing;
the treatment device for realizing the treatment method for restoring the polluted soil by biomass pyrolysis and carbonization comprises a feeding device (1), an airtight preheater (2), an airtight pyrolyzer (3), an airtight air cooling discharger (4) and a pyrolysis air burner (5), and is characterized in that the airtight preheater (2) is of a horizontally placed cylindrical structure and hollow in the interior, a first heat exchange coil (7) is arranged on the side wall of the airtight preheater (2), the feeding device (1) is arranged at the top of one end of the airtight preheater (2), the bottom of the other end of the airtight preheater is connected with the feeding end of the airtight pyrolyzer (3) through a first airtight feeder (8), an ignition port is arranged at the top of the airtight pyrolyzer (3), a second heat exchange coil (9) is arranged on the side wall of the airtight air cooling discharger (4), the air inlet pipe orifice of the second heat exchange coil (9) is connected with the air inlet of the pyrolysis air burner (5) through a pipeline, the bottom discharging end of the airtight pyrolyzer (3) is connected with the feeding end of the airtight cooling discharger (4) through a second airtight air pump discharger (10), the air pump discharging end of the airtight cooling discharger (4) is connected with the air pump cooling discharger (12) through a third air pump discharging end (12), the pyrolysis gas outlet at the top of the airtight pyrolyzer (3) is connected with the pyrolysis gas inlet of the pyrolysis gas burner (5) through a pipeline, and the tail gas port of the pyrolysis gas burner (5) is connected with the inlet of the first heat exchange coil (7) through a pipeline;
the airtight pyrolyzer (3) comprises an outer shell (301), a first reaction chamber (302), a second reaction chamber (303), a partition board (304), a first spiral feeder (305), a second spiral feeder (306), a first smoke exhaust pipe (307), a second smoke exhaust pipe (308) and a discharge bin (309), wherein the outer shell (301) is of a horizontally arranged cylindrical structure and hollow inside, the partition board (304) is horizontally arranged in the outer shell (301), the outer shell (301) is divided into an upper layer space and a lower layer space, a first reaction chamber (302) is arranged in the upper layer space, a second reaction chamber (303) is arranged in the lower layer space, a first spiral feeder (305) is horizontally arranged in the first reaction chamber (302), the second spiral feeder (306) is horizontally arranged in the second reaction chamber (303), the conveying direction of the first spiral feeder (305) is opposite to that of the second spiral feeder (306), a first reaction chamber (302) with opposite conveying starting ends is horizontally arranged in the outer shell (301), a first airtight hopper (8) is arranged at the top of the first reaction chamber (302), the first spiral feeder (309) is arranged at the discharge end of the first reaction chamber (309) and is communicated with the discharge end of the first reaction chamber (301) at the discharge end of the first reaction chamber (301), the discharge end of the discharge bin (309) is communicated with the feed end of the second reaction chamber (303), the discharge end of the second reaction chamber (303) is provided with a second airtight feeder (10), the second airtight feeder (10) is positioned below the first airtight feeder (8), a baffle plate (304) is close to a plate body at the conveying starting end of the second reaction chamber (303) and provided with a smoke guide port, the smoke guide port is communicated with the second reaction chamber (303) through a smoke guide pipe (310), the side surface of the second reaction chamber (303) at one side of the second airtight feeder (10) is provided with an air inlet pipe (311), the air inlet pipe (311) is communicated with an air outlet pipe opening of the second heat exchange coil (9) through a pipeline, the discharge bin (309) is internally provided with a star-shaped discharge valve close to the feed end of the first reaction chamber (302), the first smoke discharge pipe (307) is arranged on the first reaction chamber (302) and penetrates out to the outer shell (301), the outer shell (301) corresponding to the feed end of the first reaction chamber (302) is provided with a second smoke discharge pipe (308), and the second smoke discharge pipe (301) is communicated with the inner shell (308);
the first reaction chamber (302) and the second reaction chamber (303) are cylindrical, the first smoke exhaust pipe (307) and the second smoke exhaust pipe (308) are provided with induced draft fans, one end of the smoke guide pipe (310) is communicated with the second reaction chamber (303), and the other end of the smoke guide pipe is respectively communicated with the upper space of the first reaction chamber (302) and the upper space of the outer shell (301) through branch pipes.
2. The method for treating the biomass pyrolysis carbonization remediation contaminated soil according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of biomass to mining waste in the step S1 is 3:7.
3. the method for treating biomass pyrolysis carbonization remediation contaminated soil according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the mining waste is waste earth and stone and/or tailings.
4. The method for treating biomass pyrolysis carbonization remediation contaminated soil according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the contaminated soil to the materials in the step S6 is 1.5-4:1.
5. The method for treating biomass pyrolysis carbonization remediation of contaminated soil according to claim 1, wherein the contaminated soil is heavy metal contaminated soil.
6. The method for treating the biomass pyrolysis carbonization remediation polluted soil according to claim 1, which is characterized in that an outlet of the first heat exchange coil (7) is provided with a tail gas purifier (6), a water vapor outlet is arranged at the top of the airtight preheater (2), an insulating layer (13) is arranged on the outer wall of the airtight pyrolyzer (3), the first airtight feeder (8), the second airtight feeder (10) and the third airtight feeder (11) are all star-shaped ejectors, screw conveyors are respectively arranged in the airtight preheater (2), the airtight pyrolyzer (3) and the airtight air-cooled ejectors (4), and the airtight pyrolyzer (3) is provided with a temperature detector.
7. The method for treating the biomass pyrolysis carbonization remediation polluted soil according to claim 1, wherein the air outlet pipe orifice of the second heat exchange coil (9) is connected with the air inlet of the airtight pyrolyzer (3) through a pipeline, and the pipeline is provided with an airtight valve.
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| CN202210965671.6A CN115197727B (en) | 2022-08-12 | 2022-08-12 | Treatment method and treatment device for restoring polluted soil by biomass pyrolysis and carbonization |
| ZA2023/04265A ZA202304265B (en) | 2022-08-12 | 2023-04-11 | Treatment method and treatment device for remediating contaminated soil by pyrolysis and carbonization of biomass |
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2022
- 2022-08-12 CN CN202210965671.6A patent/CN115197727B/en active Active
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| EP0234087A2 (en) * | 1986-02-20 | 1987-09-02 | Bradford H Jones | Process and apparatus for fixing, encapsulating, stabilizing and detoxifying heavy metals and the like in metal-containing sludges, soils, ash and similar materials |
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| ZA202304265B (en) | 2023-10-25 |
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