CN111960635A - Multistage pyrolysis carbonization integrated device of mud - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a multistage pyrolysis and carbonization integrated device for sludge, which comprises a sludge storage chamber, sludge drying equipment, sludge pyrolysis and carbonization integrated equipment and a brick baking room. The sludge drying equipment adopts a concentric three-cylinder embedded structure, and has the advantages of long drying time, small occupied area, low energy consumption, low waste gas temperature and small heat dissipation loss. Carbide furnace and pyrolysis oven are a whole, and the investment is less, and the upper portion subassembly does not have brickwork and connecting tube, directly absorbs the heat from the lower part subassembly, and heat transfer effect is good, and area is little, and manufacturing cost is lower, and the operation adjustment is more convenient, and the thermal efficiency is higher, and heat dissipation is little. The pyrolysis furnace adopts a fast-assembling structure, the inner wall of the furnace body adopts a whole block to be poured, the pyrolysis furnace is integrally processed by matching and combining with heat insulation materials, the workshop shaping component is manufactured, the field assembly is realized, the construction period is greatly shortened, the product quality is improved, the labor intensity is reduced, and the total weight of the furnace can be reduced by more than 50%. The brick baking room is used for recovering waste heat, and can bake bricks and remove white waste gas.

Description

Multistage pyrolysis carbonization integrated device of mud

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of solid waste treatment, and particularly relates to a multistage pyrolysis and carbonization integrated device for sludge.

Background

The random discharge of pollutants pollutes the atmosphere, pollutes water and soil, seriously threatens the survival of human beings and endangers all animal and plant kingdoms. The sewage which consumes huge capital treatment is treated by pollutant treatment, a large amount of sludge is remained after water body purification and is difficult to treat, except that a small part of the sludge is used as fertilizer, most of the sludge is used for landfill or open-air stacking, secondary pollution is caused, and even if the sludge is used as fertilizer, soil and water body are polluted. And the accumulation of sewage and sludge is continuously increased, and the sludge treatment is not slow. The chinese patent CN201911128768.6 of the present applicant improves the above problems, but still has the following problems:

1. the drying part is a single cylinder, so that the occupied area is large, the energy consumption is high, the waste gas temperature is high, and the heat dissipation loss is large;

2. the carbonization furnace part, the carbonization furnace and the pyrolysis furnace are independent components, the components need to be connected through pipelines, the occupied area is large, an independent heat exchange space is needed, the manufacturing cost is high, and the heat dissipation loss is large;

3. the pyrolysis furnace part adopts a heavy furnace wall, is built on site, has a longer construction period, has higher requirement on the quality of workers, has higher labor strength and has larger total weight of the furnace.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at least one of the defects or the improvement requirements in the prior art, the invention provides a multistage pyrolysis and carbonization integrated device for sludge, which comprises a sludge storage chamber, sludge drying equipment, sludge pyrolysis and carbonization integrated equipment and a brick baking room. The sludge drying equipment adopts a concentric three-cylinder embedded structure, and has the advantages of long drying time, small occupied area, low energy consumption, low waste gas temperature and small heat dissipation loss. Carbide furnace and pyrolysis oven are a whole, and the investment is less, and upper portion subassembly does not have brickwork and connecting tube, directly absorbs the heat from lower part subassembly, and heat transfer effect is good, and area is little, and manufacturing cost is lower, and the operation adjustment is more convenient, and the thermal efficiency is higher, and the heat dissipation is little. The pyrolysis furnace adopts a fast-assembling structure, the inner wall of the furnace body adopts a whole block to be poured, the whole process is carried out by matching and combining with heat insulation materials, the workshop shaped parts are manufactured, the field assembly is carried out, the construction period is greatly shortened, the product quality is improved, the labor intensity is reduced, and the total weight of the furnace can be reduced by more than 50%. The pyrolysis zone is an optimized chamber type structure and has good aerodynamic characteristics, and the material circulation disturbance in the plane and the vertical direction can use fuel with low heat value, for example, sludge carbonized particles smaller than 1000kcal/kg can be pyrolyzed and combusted well and can reach a pyrolysis rate of more than 98%.

In order to achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a multistage pyrolysis and carbonization integrated apparatus for sludge, comprising: comprises a sludge storage chamber, a sludge drying device, a sludge pyrolysis and carbonization integrated device and a brick drying room;

the sludge storage chamber is used for storing wet sludge and conveying the wet sludge to the sludge drying equipment;

the sludge drying equipment comprises a drying equipment main body, a wet sludge inlet, a drying inner cylinder, a drying middle cylinder, a drying outer cylinder, a dry sludge outlet, a high-temperature flue gas inlet and a waste gas outlet;

the drying inner cylinder, the drying middle cylinder and the drying outer cylinder in the drying equipment main body are of concentric three-cylinder structures which are sequentially embedded in three concentric cylinders with different diameters, and form a sludge flowing drying path which is turned back for many times; the wet sludge inlet and the high-temperature flue gas inlet are arranged at the front end of the drying inner barrel, the high-temperature flue gas inlet is communicated with the high-temperature flue gas outlet, the dry sludge outlet is arranged at the rear end of the drying outer barrel and is communicated with the dry sludge inlet, and the waste gas outlet is arranged at the rear end of the drying equipment main body and is communicated with the waste gas inlet;

the carbonization furnace at the upper part and the pyrolysis furnace at the lower part in the sludge pyrolysis and carbonization integrated equipment are integrated, and comprise a pyrolysis furnace main body, a dry sludge inlet, a carbonization inner cylinder, a carbonization outer cylinder, a carbonization particle outlet, a carbonization particle inlet, an ash residue outlet, a high-temperature flue gas outlet, a carbonization gas inlet, an ash residue conveyor and a pyrolysis furnace bottom plate;

the carbonization inner cylinder and the carbonization outer cylinder are of concentric double-cylinder structures embedded with two concentric cylinders with different diameters, a back-turning dry sludge carbonization path is formed, and two ends of the carbonization outer cylinder penetrate through and are erected at the upper part of the pyrolysis furnace main body; the dry sludge inlet is arranged at the front end of the carbonization inner cylinder, and the carbonized particle outlet is arranged at the lower end of the carbonization outer cylinder and communicated with the carbonized particle inlet arranged in the middle of the pyrolysis furnace main body; a plurality of ash slag outlets are formed in the bottom plate of the pyrolysis furnace at the lower part of the pyrolysis furnace main body, and residues obtained after carbonization and pyrolysis of sludge are discharged to the ash slag conveyor; the upper part of the pyrolysis furnace main body is provided with the high-temperature flue gas outlet, the carbonization inner cylinder is also provided with the carbonized gas outlet and is communicated with the carbonized gas inlet arranged in the middle part of the pyrolysis furnace main body through an outer furnace pipeline;

and the waste gas in the waste gas outlet is guided into the brick baking room through the waste gas inlet of the brick baking room for waste heat utilization.

Preferably, the sludge storage chamber comprises a storage chamber main body, a wet sludge inlet, a wet sludge mechanical arm and a closed conveyor;

the storage chamber main body is used for storing wet sludge, the wet sludge inlet is positioned in front of the storage chamber main body, and the wet sludge mechanical arm is positioned in the middle of the storage chamber main body and used for conveying the wet sludge to the closed conveyor; the closed conveyor is positioned behind the storage chamber main body and is used for conveying wet sludge to the sludge drying equipment.

Preferably, the sludge pyrolysis and carbonization integrated equipment further comprises a high-pressure air feeder which is arranged below the bottom plate of the pyrolysis furnace and used for conveying oxygen to the middle part of the pyrolysis furnace main body.

Preferably, the sludge pyrolysis and carbonization integrated equipment further comprises a coal hopper and an ignition burner;

the coal hopper is arranged above the bottom plate of the pyrolysis furnace and is used for conveying coal for preheating the whole device to the middle part of the main body of the pyrolysis furnace;

the ignition burner is arranged at the coal conveying port of the coal hopper and used for igniting coal.

Preferably, the middle part and the upper part of the pyrolysis furnace main body, which are positioned above the bottom plate of the pyrolysis furnace, comprise a furnace wall, a furnace top, insulating bricks and heat-insulating aluminum silicate felts;

the heat-insulating aluminum silicate felt is arranged between the heat-insulating brick and the furnace wall and the furnace top.

Preferably, the pyrolysis furnace main body is of a fast-assembly structure, the furnace wall and the furnace top are cast in a whole block, and the pyrolysis furnace main body, the insulating bricks and the heat-insulating aluminum silicate felt are of a field assembly structure.

Preferably, the pyrolysis furnace main body further comprises a plurality of partition walls which are divided into a first partition wall and a second partition wall;

the first partition wall extends upwards from the bottom plate of the pyrolysis furnace, but the top part of the first partition wall is arranged at a distance from the top of the furnace, and the second partition wall extends downwards from the top of the furnace, but the bottom part of the second partition wall is arranged at a distance from the bottom plate of the pyrolysis furnace; the first partition wall and the second partition wall are arranged at intervals from front to back to form a high-temperature flue gas channel which is continuously bent up and down.

Preferably, the first partition wall at the forefront of the high-temperature flue gas channel is arranged at the rear ends of the carbonized particle inlet and the first ash outlet;

the second partition wall at the rearmost part of the high-temperature flue gas channel is arranged at the front ends of the high-temperature flue gas outlet and the last ash residue outlet;

and a middle ash outlet is also arranged between the first partition wall and the second partition wall.

Preferably, the lower part of the pyrolysis furnace main body further comprises a plurality of vertical columns, the vertical columns are supported between the ground and the pyrolysis furnace bottom plate, and the ash conveyer is arranged on the ground between the vertical columns.

Preferably, the brick baking room comprises a brick baking room main body, an exhaust gas outlet, a material vehicle inlet and a material vehicle outlet besides the exhaust gas inlet;

the waste gas inlet and the waste gas outlet are respectively arranged at the front and the back of the top of the brick baking room main body; and the material vehicle inlet and the material vehicle outlet are respectively arranged on the front end surface and the rear end surface of the brick baking room main body and are used for the penetration of the material vehicle.

The above-described preferred features may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

Generally, compared with the prior art, the above technical solution conceived by the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. according to the multistage sludge pyrolysis and carbonization integrated device, sludge drying equipment is of an embedded structure. The device is formed by mutually embedding and combining three concentric cylinders with different diameters according to certain mathematical relationship and structural form. The drying device can dry various materials such as blocks, particles and powder, conforms to the policy of establishing an environment-friendly and resource-saving society by the nation, and is an environment-friendly and energy-saving product for replacing the traditional drying equipment. The inner cylinder, the middle cylinder and the outer cylinder form a self-heat-insulation structure body. Meanwhile, the outer cylinder is wrapped with a heat insulation material and a stainless steel plate, so that heat dissipation loss is further reduced, and heat efficiency is improved. The unique thermal design concept eliminates the heat loss of the wind tunnel, increases the heat exchange area and the unit volume evaporation strength, obviously enhances the heat energy utilization rate, effectively improves the heat efficiency by 40 percent, saves the energy consumption by more than one time, and simultaneously reduces the foundation investment by reducing the occupied area.

2. The sludge multistage pyrolysis carbonization integrated device of the invention has the advantages that the sludge drying equipment is internally provided with the material raising plates and the material guide plates with different angles and intervals according to the thermal power principle, the structure can ensure that the dried material moves along the spiral movement direction under the action of gravity, and enough residence time and enough dispersion degree are kept in the cylinder, so that the material and hot air from a combustion chamber can perform sufficient heat exchange in the cylinder, and the defects of small heat exchange area and low unit volume evaporation strength caused by the wind tunnel which often appears on the section of the conventional drying equipment are eliminated.

3. The sludge drying equipment of the sludge multistage pyrolysis carbonization integrated device has high technical content, the barrel body can be used for self heat preservation, the heat efficiency is as high as 80 percent (the heat efficiency of the conventional drying equipment is only 35 percent), 68 percent of coal can be saved, and the yield is improved by 100 percent; the length of the whole machine is shortened by 60%, which is beneficial to process arrangement. The building area of a factory building is reduced, the engineering investment is saved by about 40%, and the occupied area is about 20 square meters; the heat-resistant and wear-resistant alloy steel plate is 4 times of the common steel plate in wear resistance, and is long in service life and convenient to maintain; the heat efficiency is high, the temperature of the outer cylinder body is lower than 60 ℃ (the temperature of the conventional single cylinder body is as high as 150 ℃), the heat dissipation loss is small, the outlet temperature is low, and the discharging temperature is lower than 60 ℃; the outlet temperature is low, so that the dust removing equipment can be used for a long time, and the dust removing equipment can be directly matched with a gas tank pulse bag type dust remover; the civil engineering investment is reduced by about 50 percent, and the power consumption is reduced by 60 percent.

4. The invention relates to a sludge pyrolysis carbonization integrated device of a sludge multistage pyrolysis carbonization integrated device, a lower pyrolysis furnace provides heat energy for a production line, and the device is characterized in that a sludge carbonization material with a low calorific value is used as a raw material, the raw material is completely pyrolyzed in the sludge carbonization material, chemical energy in the carbonization material is converted into heat energy, and the energy is transferred to a sludge drying device and an upper carrier (a carbonization furnace) of a sludge pyrolysis carbonization integrated device 3 by carrier high-temperature hot air. Air is input into the pyrolysis zone by a high-pressure air feeder at the bottom of the pyrolysis zone and is fully mixed, disturbed, cracked and pyrolyzed with the carbonized material, and the pyrolysis rate of the carbonized material in a good atmosphere with high temperature, rich oxygen and long retention time can reach more than 98 percent. And discharging the residual ash after complete pyrolysis from an ash outlet at the bottom, and conveying the ash to an ash storage by a temperature-resistant screw conveyor to be used as a building material.

5. According to the sludge pyrolysis and carbonization integrated equipment of the sludge multistage pyrolysis and carbonization integrated device, high-temperature hot air generated after pyrolysis of a carbonized material directly washes the surface of the cylinder with the upper part being the carbonization furnace, and heat is transferred to the carbonized material in the carbonization furnace.

6. The sludge pyrolysis and carbonization integrated equipment of the sludge multistage pyrolysis and carbonization integrated device is characterized in that the upper part of the sludge pyrolysis and carbonization integrated equipment is a carbonization furnace main body, has a concentric double-cylinder structure and is made of heat-resistant and wear-resistant cylinder materials. The sludge with 20 percent of water content enters the inner cylinder of the carbonization furnace from the front end and is pushed by the guide blades on the inner cylinder wall, so that the sludge absorbs heat and releases water, and meanwhile, the sludge moves backwards and falls down to the outer cylinder from the other end. And the sludge is moved by the guide blades on the inner wall of the outer cylinder, absorbs heat, releases moisture and moves forwards at the same time, and the sludge is discharged to a screw conveyor from a carbide granule outlet below the front end of the outer cylinder and is conveyed to a storage bin by a lifter for a pyrolysis furnace.

7. The sludge pyrolysis carbonization integrated equipment of the sludge multistage pyrolysis carbonization integrated device of the invention has the advantages that the sludge in the upper carbonization furnace body is heated and cracked in the state of air isolation, the moisture is evaporated, the volatile matters, CO and organic matters are subjected to content of magnetic contents, a certain odor dioxin and the like are discharged from a carbonization gas outlet in the upper part of the carbonization furnace body, and the odor dioxin and the like are sent into a high-temperature area of the pyrolysis furnace (carbonization gas inlet) by a high-temperature fan to be combusted, so that the heat value in the sludge is utilized, and the harmful substances are effectively treated.

8. The sludge pyrolysis and carbonization integrated equipment of the sludge multistage pyrolysis and carbonization integrated device is characterized in that the procedures of carbonized particle material input, air feeding, material pyrolysis, heat release, heat transfer and mass transfer, heat output, ash residue discharge and the like are carried out and completed in the section at the front part of the pyrolysis furnace main body. After the sludge is treated by the sludge drying equipment, the dry sludge with the moisture content of the sludge reduced from 60 percent to 20 percent is sent into the main body of the carbonization furnace at the upper part of the sludge pyrolysis and carbonization integrated equipment, is carbonized and cracked at about 500 ℃ in an oxygen-free state to form porous carbonized particles with the calorific value of about 1400kcal/kg, and is sent to the lower part of the pyrolysis furnace for pyrolysis and incineration to be used as the heat source of the invention.

9. According to the sludge pyrolysis carbonization integrated equipment of the sludge multistage pyrolysis carbonization integrated device, the pyrolysis furnace main body is of a fast-assembly structure, the furnace wall and the furnace top are integrally cast, and are integrally manufactured by matching and combining with insulating bricks and heat-insulating aluminum silicate felts, the workshop shaping parts are manufactured, the on-site assembly is carried out, the construction period is greatly shortened, the quality can be ensured, and the total weight of the furnace can be reduced by over 50%. The pyrolysis zone is an optimized chamber type structure, has good aerodynamic force characteristics, uses fuel with low heat value by material circulation disturbance in the plane and vertical directions, for example, sludge carbonized particles smaller than 1000kcal/kg can be pyrolyzed and combusted well and can reach a pyrolysis rate of more than 98%.

10. According to the multistage sludge pyrolysis and carbonization integrated device, sludge is carbonized and pyrolyzed in the sludge pyrolysis and carbonization integrated equipment, and waste gas at about 100 ℃ is discharged after heat is released in the sludge drying equipment; the brick baking house is a closed space and matched facilities for recovering afterheat, and has the functions of baking brick, recovering afterheat, separating and settling part of dust in waste gas, and purifying partial steam to obtain the product with high whiteness and high effect.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a general schematic diagram of a multistage pyrolysis and carbonization integrated device for sludge according to an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a sludge storage chamber of the integrated multistage pyrolysis and carbonization apparatus for sludge according to the embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a sludge drying apparatus of the integrated device for multistage pyrolysis and carbonization of sludge according to the embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a sludge pyrolysis and carbonization integrated device of the sludge multistage pyrolysis and carbonization integrated device according to the embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic sectional view of a sludge pyrolysis and carbonization integrated device of the integrated sludge multistage pyrolysis and carbonization device according to the embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic top-view half-section view of a sludge pyrolysis and carbonization integrated device of the integrated sludge multistage pyrolysis and carbonization device according to the embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a brick baking room of the integrated device for multistage pyrolysis and carbonization of sludge according to the embodiment of the invention.

The dimensions in the figure are in mm.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. In addition, the technical features related to the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other. The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific embodiments.

As shown in fig. 1-7, the invention provides a multistage pyrolysis and carbonization integrated device for sludge, which comprises a sludge storage chamber 1, a sludge drying device 2, a sludge pyrolysis and carbonization integrated device 3 and a brick drying room 4.

As shown in fig. 2, the sludge storage chamber 1 is used for storing wet sludge and transporting the wet sludge to the sludge drying apparatus 2; the sludge storage chamber 1 comprises a storage chamber main body 1-1, a wet sludge inlet, a wet sludge mechanical arm and a closed conveyor 1-2; the storage chamber main body 1-1 is used for storing wet sludge, the wet sludge inlet is positioned in front of the storage chamber main body 1-1, and the wet sludge mechanical arm is positioned in the middle of the storage chamber main body and is used for conveying the wet sludge to the closed conveyor 1-2; the closed conveyor 1-2 is positioned behind the storage chamber main body 1-1 and is used for conveying wet sludge to the sludge drying equipment 2. The main body of the storage chamber is a closed space, and the sludge is automatically dumped into the pool by a sealing vehicle. The remote control wet sludge mechanical arm sends lime powder into the pool, and the lime powder is uniformly mixed with sludge, preliminarily disinfected and deodorized, part of water can be released during storage, an air suction opening is arranged at the top, and air containing peculiar smell is sent to the sludge pyrolysis and carbonization integrated equipment by an air feeder for combustion. The sludge storage chamber can store wet sludge of 430m³The supply amount of the production line can be provided within 100 hours.

As shown in figure 3, the sludge drying device 2 comprises a drying device main body 2-1, a wet sludge inlet 2-2, a drying inner cylinder 2-3, a drying middle cylinder 2-4, a drying outer cylinder 2-5, a dry sludge outlet 2-6, a high-temperature flue gas inlet 2-7 and a waste gas outlet 2-8.

The drying inner cylinder 2-3, the drying middle cylinder 2-4 and the drying outer cylinder 2-5 in the drying equipment main body 2-1 are concentric three-cylinder structures which are sequentially embedded in three concentric cylinders with different diameters, and form a sludge flowing and drying path which is turned back for many times, high-temperature flue gas and wet sludge exchange heat in multiple stages in the sludge flowing and drying path, and the moisture of the sludge is reduced to be below 20%; the wet sludge inlet 2-2 is arranged at the front end of the drying inner cylinder 2-3 and is used for feeding wet sludge into the drying inner cylinder 2-3; the drying inner cylinder 2-3 is positioned at the lower part of the wet sludge inlet 2-2 and is used for receiving sludge from the wet sludge inlet 2-2; the drying middle barrel 2-4 is positioned at the outer side of the drying inner barrel 2-3 and is used for continuously pyrolyzing materials from the drying inner barrel 2-3; the drying outer cylinder 2-5 is positioned at the outer side of the drying middle cylinder 2-4 and is used for further pyrolyzing materials from the drying middle cylinder 2-4; the high-temperature flue gas inlet 2-7 is arranged at the front end of the drying inner cylinder 2-3, and the high-temperature flue gas inlet 2-7 is communicated with a high-temperature flue gas outlet 3-8 of the sludge pyrolysis and carbonization integrated equipment 3 through an external pipeline and is used for absorbing heat provided by the sludge pyrolysis and carbonization integrated equipment 3; the dry sludge outlet 2-6 is arranged at the rear end of the drying outer cylinder 2-5, is communicated with the dry sludge inlet 3-2 of the sludge pyrolysis and carbonization integrated equipment 3, and is used for discharging dry sludge into the sludge pyrolysis and carbonization integrated equipment 3; the waste gas outlet 2-8 is arranged at the rear end of the drying equipment main body 2-1 and is communicated with a waste gas inlet 4-2 of the brick baking room 4 for discharging waste gas into the brick baking room 4.

The sludge drying equipment adopts an embedded structure. The device is formed by mutually embedding and combining three concentric cylinders with different diameters according to a certain mathematical relationship and structural form. The drying device can dry various materials such as blocks, particles and powder, conforms to the national policy of creating an environment-friendly and resource-saving society, and is an environment-friendly and energy-saving product for replacing the traditional drying equipment. The inner cylinder, the middle cylinder and the outer cylinder form a self-heat-insulation structure body. Meanwhile, the outer cylinder is wrapped with a heat insulation material and a stainless steel plate, so that heat dissipation loss is further reduced, and heat efficiency is improved. The unique thermal design concept eliminates the heat loss of the wind tunnel, increases the heat exchange area and the unit volume evaporation strength, obviously enhances the heat energy utilization rate, effectively improves the heat efficiency by 40 percent, saves the energy consumption by more than one time, and simultaneously reduces the foundation investment by reducing the occupied area.

The working principle of the sludge drying equipment is as follows: according to the principle of thermal power, the material raising plates and the material guide plates with different angles and intervals are arranged in the cylinder, the structure can ensure that the dried material moves along the spiral movement direction under the action of gravity, and enough retention time and enough dispersion degree are kept in the cylinder, so that the material and hot air from a combustion chamber can perform sufficient heat exchange in the cylinder, and the defects of small heat exchange area and low unit volume evaporation intensity caused by the fact that wind tunnels often appear on the cross section of conventional drying equipment are overcome.

The technical characteristics of the sludge drying equipment of the invention comprise:

1. the technology content is high, the barrel body is self-insulated, the thermal efficiency is as high as 80% (the thermal efficiency of the conventional drying equipment is only 35%), 68% of coal can be saved, and the yield is improved by 100%;

2. the length of the whole machine is shortened by 60 percent, which is beneficial to process arrangement. The building area of a factory building is reduced, the engineering investment is saved by about 40%, and the occupied area is about 20 square meters;

3. the heat-resistant and wear-resistant alloy steel plate is 4 times of the common steel plate in wear resistance, and is long in service life and convenient to maintain;

4. the heat efficiency is high, the temperature of the outer cylinder body is lower than 60 ℃ (the temperature of the conventional single cylinder body is up to 150 ℃), the heat dissipation loss is small, the outlet temperature is low, and the discharging temperature is lower than 60 ℃;

5. the outlet temperature is low, which is beneficial to the long service time of the dust removing equipment and can be directly matched with the gas tank pulse bag type dust remover;

6. the civil engineering investment is reduced by about 50 percent, and the power consumption is reduced by 60 percent.

As shown in fig. 4, the sludge pyrolysis and carbonization integrated device 3 is substantially composed of two parts, the upper carbonization furnace and the lower pyrolysis furnace are integrated, and the device comprises a pyrolysis furnace main body 3-1, a dry sludge inlet 3-2, a carbonization inner cylinder 3-3, a carbonization outer cylinder 3-4, a carbonized particle outlet 3-5, a carbonized particle inlet 3-6, an ash outlet 3-7, a high-temperature flue gas outlet 3-8, a carbonized gas outlet 3-9, a carbonized gas inlet 3-10, an ash conveyor 3-11, and a pyrolysis furnace bottom plate 3-12.

The dry sludge inlet 3-2 is arranged at the front end of the carbonization inner cylinder 3-3 and is used for inputting dry sludge; the carbonization inner cylinder 3-3 and the carbonization outer cylinder 3-4 are of concentric double-cylinder structures embedded with two concentric cylinders with different diameters, a back-turning dry sludge carbonization path is formed, the carbonization inner cylinder 3-3 carbonizes dry sludge, and two ends of the carbonization outer cylinder 3-4 penetrate through and are erected at the upper part of the pyrolysis furnace main body 3-1, so that materials discharged from the carbonization inner cylinder 3-3 are further carbonized. The carbonized particle outlet 3-5 is arranged at the lower end of the carbonized outer cylinder 3-4, discharges the completely carbonized granular materials to the carbonized particle inlet 3-6 at the middle part of the pyrolysis furnace main body 3-1, and conveys the materials discharged from the carbonized particle outlet 3-5 to the middle part of the pyrolysis furnace main body 3-1 through a high-temperature screw conveyor for pyrolysis.

The bottom plate 3-12 of the pyrolysis furnace at the lower part of the main body 3-1 of the pyrolysis furnace is provided with a plurality of ash outlets 3-7, residues of carbonized and pyrolyzed sludge are discharged to the ash conveyor 3-11, and the ash conveyor 3-11 discharges ash and conveys the ash to a brick making workshop by a screw conveyor to be used as water permeable bricks and archaized bricks. The upper part of the pyrolysis furnace main body 3-1 is provided with the high-temperature flue gas outlet 3-8 for providing high-temperature flue gas for the sludge drying equipment 2. The carbonization inner cylinder 3-3 is also provided with the carbonization gas outlet 3-9 which is used for discharging volatile matter, water vapor, carbon monoxide and other gases of the carbonization inner cylinder 3-3, burning the gases for deodorization through a furnace external pipeline, and communicating the gases to the carbonization gas inlet 3-10 in the middle part of the pyrolysis furnace main body 3-1 for utilizing heat.

The sludge pyrolysis and carbonization integrated equipment 3 further comprises a high-pressure air feeder 3-13 which is arranged below the pyrolysis furnace bottom plate 3-12 and used for conveying oxygen to the middle part of the pyrolysis furnace main body 3-1.

The pyrolysis furnace at the lower part of the sludge pyrolysis and carbonization integrated equipment 3 provides heat energy for the production line, and is characterized in that a sludge carbonization material with a low heat value is used as a raw material, the raw material is completely pyrolyzed, chemical energy in the carbonization material is converted into heat energy, and the energy is transferred to a sludge drying equipment and an upper carrier (a carbonization furnace) of the sludge pyrolysis and carbonization integrated equipment 3 by carrier high-temperature hot air. Air is input into a pyrolysis zone by a high-pressure air feeder at the bottom of the pyrolysis zone and is fully mixed, disturbed, cracked and pyrolyzed with the carbonized material, and the pyrolysis rate of the carbonized material in a good atmosphere with high temperature, rich oxygen and long retention time can reach more than 98 percent. And discharging the residual ash after complete pyrolysis from an ash outlet at the bottom, and conveying the ash to an ash storage by a temperature-resistant screw conveyor to be used as a building material.

The high-temperature hot air generated after the pyrolysis of the carbonized material directly scours the surface of the cylinder body of which the upper part is the carbonization furnace, and transfers heat to the carbonized material in the carbonization furnace, the structure has high heat transfer efficiency, large heat flow density and less investment, optimizes flame radiation length and air flow speed, has longer retention time, and ensures good carbonization effect.

The upper part of the sludge pyrolysis carbonization integrated equipment 3 is a carbonization furnace main body which is of a concentric double-cylinder structure and is made of heat-resistant and wear-resistant cylinder materials. The sludge with 20 percent of water content enters the inner cylinder of the carbonization furnace from the front end and is pushed by the guide blades on the inner cylinder wall, so that the sludge absorbs heat and releases water, and meanwhile, the sludge moves backwards and falls down to the outer cylinder from the other end. And the sludge is moved by the guide blades on the inner wall of the outer cylinder, absorbs heat, releases moisture and moves forwards at the same time, and the sludge is discharged to the screw conveyor from a carbide granule outlet below the front end of the outer cylinder and is conveyed to a storage bin by the elevator for the use of the pyrolysis furnace.

The mud inside the carbonization furnace main part of 3 upper portions of integrated apparatus of pyrolysis and carbonization of mud heats the schizolysis under the state that the air is isolated, moisture evaporation, volatile matter, CO, organic matter are column-processed, still some odor dioxin, etc. are discharged from the exit of carbonization gas of the main part upper portion of the carbonization furnace, send into the high-temperature area burning of the pyrolysis furnace (entrance of carbonization gas) by a high-temperature blower, both utilized the heat value among them, also made these harmful substances get the effective disposition, practice shows, this kind of structure craft has greatly reduced the initial emission of pollutant in the flue gas, has reduced the flue gas purification cost, and can reach the discharge standard superior to the state.

After the sludge is treated by the sludge drying equipment 2, dry sludge with the moisture content of the sludge reduced from 80 percent to 20 percent is sent into the main body of the carbonization furnace at the upper part of the sludge pyrolysis and carbonization integrated equipment 3, and is carbonized and cracked at the temperature of about 500 ℃ in an oxygen-free state to form porous carbonized particles with the calorific value of about 1400kcal/kg, and the porous carbonized particles are sent to the lower part of the sludge drying equipment 2 to be pyrolyzed and incinerated to be the heat source of the invention.

In the front of the pyrolysis furnace main body, the processes of carbonized granular material input, air feeding, material pyrolysis, heat release, heat transfer and mass transfer, heat output, ash residue discharge and the like are carried out and completed in the section.

As shown in fig. 5-6, the integrated sludge pyrolysis and carbonization device 3 further comprises coal hoppers 3-14 and ignition burners 3-15; the coal hopper 3-14 is arranged above the pyrolysis furnace bottom plate 3-12 and used for conveying coal for preheating of the whole device to the middle part of the pyrolysis furnace main body 3-1; the ignition burner 3-15 is arranged at the coal conveying port of the coal hopper 3-14 and is used for igniting coal.

The pyrolysis furnace main body 3-1 is positioned in the middle and at the upper part of the pyrolysis furnace bottom plate 3-12 and comprises a furnace wall 3-16, a furnace top 3-17, insulating bricks 3-18 and heat-insulating aluminum silicate felts; the insulating bricks 3-18 are arranged on the inner sides of the furnace wall 3-16 and the furnace top 3-17, and the heat-insulating aluminum silicate felt is arranged between the insulating bricks 3-18 and the furnace wall 3-16 and the furnace top 3-17.

The pyrolysis furnace main body 3-1 is of a fast-assembly structure, the furnace wall 3-16 and the furnace top 3-17 are cast in a whole block, and are integrally manufactured by matching and combining with the insulating bricks 3-18 and the heat-insulating aluminum silicate felt, workshop shaping parts are manufactured, field assembly is carried out, the construction period is greatly shortened, the quality can be ensured, and the total weight of the furnace can be reduced by more than 50%.

The pyrolysis zone is an optimized chamber type structure, has good aerodynamic force characteristics, and the material circulation disturbance in the plane and the vertical direction can use fuel with very low heat value, such as sludge carbonized particles smaller than 1000kcal/kg, which can be well pyrolyzed and combusted, and can reach the pyrolysis rate of more than 95%.

The pyrolysis furnace main body 3-1 also comprises a plurality of partition walls which are divided into a first partition wall 3-19 and a second partition wall 3-20; the first partition wall 3-19 extends upwards from the bottom plate 3-12 of the pyrolysis furnace, but the top part is arranged at a distance from the top plate 3-17, and the second partition wall 3-20 extends downwards from the top plate 3-17, but the bottom part is arranged at a distance from the bottom plate 3-12 of the pyrolysis furnace; the first partition walls 3-19 and the second partition walls 3-20 are arranged at intervals from front to back to form a high-temperature flue gas channel which is continuously bent up and down.

The first partition wall 3-19 at the forefront of the high-temperature flue gas channel is arranged at the rear end of the carbonized particle inlet 3-6 and the first ash outlet 3-7; the second partition wall 3-20 at the rearmost part of the high-temperature flue gas channel is arranged at the front end of the high-temperature flue gas outlet 3-8 and the last ash residue outlet 3-7; an intermediate ash outlet 3-7 is arranged between the first partition wall 3-19 and the second partition wall 3-20.

The lower part of the pyrolysis furnace main body 3-1 also comprises a plurality of upright posts 3-21, the upright posts 3-21 are supported between the ground and the pyrolysis furnace bottom plate 3-12, and the ash slag conveyor 3-11 is arranged on the ground between the upright posts 3-21.

As shown in fig. 7, the sludge is carbonized and pyrolyzed in the sludge pyrolysis and carbonization integrated equipment 3, and after heat is released in the sludge drying equipment, waste gas at about 100 ℃ is discharged; the brick baking room 4 is a set of corresponding closed space for recycling waste heat and is provided with a complete facility, and comprises a brick baking room main body 4-1, a waste gas inlet 4-2, a waste gas outlet 4-3, a material vehicle inlet 4-4 and a material vehicle outlet 4-5.

The waste gas inlet 4-2 and the waste gas outlet 4-3 are respectively arranged at the front and the back of the top of the brick baking room main body 4-1; the material vehicle inlet 4-4 and the material vehicle outlet 4-5 are respectively arranged on the front end face and the rear end face of the brick baking room main body 4-1 and used for the penetration of the material vehicle 4-6. Said brick-baking room 4 not only can be used for baking bricks and recovering waste heat, but also can make partial dust in the waste gas be separated and settled, and its waste gas temperature is reduced, and partial steam content is effective for reducing whiteness.

It will be appreciated that the embodiments of the system described above are merely illustrative, in that elements illustrated as separate components may or may not be physically separate, may be located in one place, or may be distributed over different network elements. Some or all of the modules can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the scheme of the embodiment. One of ordinary skill in the art can understand and implement such a technique without inventive effort.

In addition, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that in the specification of the embodiments of the present invention, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.

In the description of the embodiments of the invention, numerous specific details are set forth. It is understood, however, that embodiments of the invention may be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, well-known methods, structures and techniques have not been shown in detail in order not to obscure an understanding of this description. Similarly, it should be appreciated that in the foregoing description of exemplary embodiments of the invention, various features of the embodiments of the invention are sometimes grouped together in a single embodiment, figure, or description thereof for the purpose of streamlining the disclosure and aiding in the understanding of one or more of the various inventive aspects.

However, the disclosed method should not be interpreted as reflecting an intention that: that is, the claimed embodiments of the invention require more features than are expressly recited in each claim. Rather, as the following claims reflect, inventive aspects lie in less than all features of a single foregoing disclosed embodiment. Thus, the claims following the detailed description are hereby expressly incorporated into this detailed description, with each claim standing on its own as a separate embodiment of an embodiment of this invention.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and not to limit the same; although embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a multistage pyrolysis carbonization integrated device of mud which characterized in that: comprises a sludge storage chamber, a sludge drying device, a sludge pyrolysis and carbonization integrated device and a brick drying room;

the sludge storage chamber is used for storing wet sludge and conveying the wet sludge to the sludge drying equipment;

the sludge drying equipment comprises a drying equipment main body, a wet sludge inlet, a drying inner cylinder, a drying middle cylinder, a drying outer cylinder, a dry sludge outlet, a high-temperature flue gas inlet and a waste gas outlet;

the drying inner cylinder, the drying middle cylinder and the drying outer cylinder in the drying equipment main body are of concentric three-cylinder structures which are sequentially embedded in three concentric cylinders with different diameters, and form a sludge flowing drying path which is turned back for many times; the wet sludge inlet and the high-temperature flue gas inlet are arranged at the front end of the drying inner cylinder, the high-temperature flue gas inlet is communicated with the high-temperature flue gas outlet, the dry sludge outlet is arranged at the rear end of the drying outer cylinder and is communicated with the dry sludge inlet, and the waste gas outlet is arranged at the rear end of the drying equipment main body and is communicated with the waste gas inlet;

the carbonization furnace at the upper part and the pyrolysis furnace at the lower part in the sludge pyrolysis and carbonization integrated equipment are integrated, and comprise a pyrolysis furnace main body, a dry sludge inlet, a carbonization inner cylinder, a carbonization outer cylinder, a carbonization particle outlet, a carbonization particle inlet, an ash residue outlet, a high-temperature flue gas outlet, a carbonization gas inlet, an ash residue conveyor and a pyrolysis furnace bottom plate;

the carbonization inner cylinder and the carbonization outer cylinder are of concentric double-cylinder structures embedded with two concentric cylinders with different diameters, a back-turning dry sludge carbonization path is formed, and two ends of the carbonization outer cylinder penetrate through and are erected at the upper part of the pyrolysis furnace main body; the dry sludge inlet is arranged at the front end of the carbonization inner cylinder, and the carbonized particle outlet is arranged at the lower end of the carbonization outer cylinder and communicated with the carbonized particle inlet arranged in the middle of the pyrolysis furnace main body; a plurality of ash slag outlets are formed in the bottom plate of the pyrolysis furnace at the lower part of the pyrolysis furnace main body, and residues obtained after carbonization and pyrolysis of sludge are discharged to the ash slag conveyor; the upper part of the pyrolysis furnace main body is provided with the high-temperature flue gas outlet, the carbonization inner cylinder is also provided with the carbonized gas outlet and is communicated with the carbonized gas inlet arranged in the middle part of the pyrolysis furnace main body through an outer furnace pipeline;

and the waste gas in the waste gas outlet is guided into the brick baking room through the waste gas inlet of the brick baking room for waste heat utilization.

2. The integrated device for multistage pyrolysis and carbonization of sludge according to claim 1, characterized in that:

the sludge storage chamber comprises a storage chamber main body, a wet sludge inlet, a wet sludge mechanical arm and a closed conveyor;

the storage chamber main body is used for storing wet sludge, the wet sludge inlet is positioned in front of the storage chamber main body, and the wet sludge mechanical arm is positioned in the middle of the storage chamber main body and used for conveying the wet sludge to the closed conveyor; the closed conveyor is positioned behind the storage chamber main body and is used for conveying wet sludge to the sludge drying equipment.

3. The integrated device for multistage pyrolysis and carbonization of sludge according to claim 1, characterized in that:

the sludge pyrolysis carbonization integrated equipment further comprises a high-pressure air feeder which is arranged below the bottom plate of the pyrolysis furnace and used for conveying oxygen to the middle of the pyrolysis furnace main body.

4. The integrated multistage pyrolysis and carbonization device for sludge as claimed in claim 3, wherein:

the sludge pyrolysis and carbonization integrated equipment also comprises a coal hopper and an ignition burner;

the coal hopper is arranged above the bottom plate of the pyrolysis furnace and is used for conveying coal for preheating of the whole device to the middle part of the main body of the pyrolysis furnace;

the ignition burner is arranged at the coal conveying port of the coal hopper and used for igniting coal.

5. The integrated device for multistage pyrolysis and carbonization of sludge according to claim 1, characterized in that:

the middle part and the upper part of the pyrolysis furnace main body, which are positioned above the bottom plate of the pyrolysis furnace, comprise a furnace wall, a furnace top, insulating bricks and heat-insulating aluminum silicate felts;

the heat-insulating aluminum silicate felt is arranged between the heat-insulating brick and the furnace wall and the furnace top.

6. The integrated multistage pyrolysis and carbonization device for sludge as claimed in claim 5, wherein:

the pyrolysis furnace main body is of a fast-assembly structure, the furnace wall and the furnace top are poured in a whole block, and the pyrolysis furnace main body, the insulating bricks and the heat-insulating aluminum silicate felt are of a field assembly structure.

7. The integrated multistage pyrolysis and carbonization device for sludge as claimed in claim 5, wherein:

the pyrolysis furnace main body also comprises a plurality of partition walls which are divided into a first partition wall and a second partition wall;

the first partition wall extends upwards from the bottom plate of the pyrolysis furnace, but the top of the first partition wall is arranged at a distance from the top of the furnace, and the second partition wall extends downwards from the top of the furnace, but the bottom of the second partition wall is arranged at a distance from the bottom plate of the pyrolysis furnace; the first partition wall and the second partition wall are arranged at intervals from front to back to form a high-temperature flue gas channel which is bent up and down continuously.

8. The integrated multistage pyrolysis and carbonization device for sludge as claimed in claim 7, wherein:

the first partition wall at the forefront of the high-temperature flue gas channel is arranged at the rear ends of the carbonized particle inlet and the first ash outlet;

the second partition wall at the rearmost part of the high-temperature flue gas channel is arranged at the front ends of the high-temperature flue gas outlet and the last ash residue outlet;

and a middle ash outlet is also arranged between the first partition wall and the second partition wall.

9. The integrated device for multistage pyrolysis and carbonization of sludge according to claim 1, characterized in that:

the lower part of the pyrolysis furnace main body further comprises a plurality of upright columns, the upright columns are supported between the ground and the bottom plate of the pyrolysis furnace, and the ash residue conveyor is arranged on the ground between the upright columns.

10. The integrated device for multistage pyrolysis and carbonization of sludge according to claim 1, characterized in that:

the brick baking room comprises a brick baking room main body, an exhaust gas outlet, a material vehicle inlet and a material vehicle outlet besides the exhaust gas inlet;

the waste gas inlet and the waste gas outlet are respectively arranged at the front and the back of the top of the brick baking room main body; and the material vehicle inlet and the material vehicle outlet are respectively arranged on the front end surface and the rear end surface of the brick baking room main body and are used for the penetration of the material vehicle.

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