CN115197533A - Novel grinder and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Novel grinder and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115197533A CN115197533A CN202210889688.8A CN202210889688A CN115197533A CN 115197533 A CN115197533 A CN 115197533A CN 202210889688 A CN202210889688 A CN 202210889688A CN 115197533 A CN115197533 A CN 115197533A
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 9
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- -1 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol Chemical compound [CH]OC1=CC=CC([CH])=C1O KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdenum disulfide Chemical compound S=[Mo]=S CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910052982 molybdenum disulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229920003043 Cellulose fiber Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- DLHONNLASJQAHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;potassium;oxygen(2-);silicon(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Si+4].[Si+4].[Si+4].[K+] DLHONNLASJQAHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 35
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- HYBBIBNJHNGZAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N furfural Chemical compound O=CC1=CC=CO1 HYBBIBNJHNGZAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000748 compression moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- GJLNWLVPAHNBQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenyl 4-hydroxybenzoate Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1C(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1 GJLNWLVPAHNBQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 244000062793 Sorghum vulgare Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003100 immobilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000019713 millet Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000006087 Silane Coupling Agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009210 therapy by ultrasound Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- POAOYUHQDCAZBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-butoxyethanol Chemical compound CCCCOCCO POAOYUHQDCAZBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- ZNQVEEAIQZEUHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethoxyethanol Chemical compound CCOCCO ZNQVEEAIQZEUHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003082 abrasive agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007822 coupling agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002783 friction material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L61/00—Compositions of condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L61/04—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with phenols only
- C08L61/06—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with phenols only of aldehydes with phenols
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/10—Metallic powder containing lubricating or binding agents; Metallic powder containing organic material
- B22F1/105—Metallic powder containing lubricating or binding agents; Metallic powder containing organic material containing inorganic lubricating or binding agents, e.g. metal salts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/02—Compacting only
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61F—RAIL VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS, e.g. UNDERFRAMES, BOGIES OR ARRANGEMENTS OF WHEEL AXLES; RAIL VEHICLES FOR USE ON TRACKS OF DIFFERENT WIDTH; PREVENTING DERAILING OF RAIL VEHICLES; WHEEL GUARDS, OBSTRUCTION REMOVERS OR THE LIKE FOR RAIL VEHICLES
- B61F19/00—Wheel guards; Bumpers; Obstruction removers or the like
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/02—Elements
- C08K3/08—Metals
- C08K2003/0856—Iron
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
- C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
- C08K2003/2217—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals of magnesium
- C08K2003/222—Magnesia, i.e. magnesium oxide
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/14—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing polymeric additives characterised by shape
- C08L2205/16—Fibres; Fibrils
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a novel grinder and a preparation method thereof, wherein the grinder comprises a tread friction body and a solid lubricating block which are integrally formed, wherein: the tread friction body is used for contacting with a wheel tread and comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of phenolic resin, 20-25 parts of iron powder, 10-15 parts of copper fiber, 6-10 parts of magnesium oxide, 4-8 parts of potassium feldspar, 2-5 parts of graphite and 1-10 parts of cellulose fiber; the solid lubricating block is used for contacting with a wheel rim, and comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-15 parts of CuSn10 alloy, 2-5 parts of adhesive and 2-8 parts of lubricating component, wherein the lubricating component consists of molybdenum disulfide, graphite and modified polytetrafluoroethylene. In the grinder developed by the invention, the solid lubricating block is placed on the rim of the wheel, the tread friction body is placed on the tread of the wheel and integrally formed, the use of the lubricating block obviously reduces the abrasion, and the molybdenum disulfide and graphite are added into the lubricating block, so that the grinder has the function of improving the sliding property.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of railway vehicle braking materials, in particular to a novel grinder and a preparation method thereof.
Background
In the prior art, in order to improve the braking performance of a motor train unit, a motor train unit with the speed of 200 km/h or more is assembled with a grinder, the grinder is a part on a motor train unit tread cleaning device and is fixed on a brake clamp supporting frame of a bogie, and the grinder is pressed on a tread to clean during braking, so that the tread of a wheel is ensured to have a good surface state, and dust, rust, grease and the like attached to the tread of the wheel can be removed during the running process of the vehicle; in this process, rim wear occurs due to contact with the outside bend rail and therefore lubrication is required to reduce wear, in addition to running on less curved lines, and lubrication of the rim portions is also important to reduce noise.
The use of lubricators to lubricate the edge portions of the wheels also has certain limitations, such as the lubricating oil is attached to the treads of the wheels or the tops of the track guide rails to cause sliding or slipping; furthermore, the use of lubricators means that when the wheel diameter changes, the lubricating oil must be replenished and its position adjusted; the device adopted abroad is that a special bracket on a bogie is provided with a rod-shaped solid lubricating oil block which is fixed at a wheel rim through a spring; however, the lubricating oil is continuously contacted, so that the consumption speed of the fixed lubricating oil is too high, the service life of the grinder is greatly shortened, and the position is required to be adjusted, so that the same problem exists when the oil injector is used; in addition, the solid lubricating block has poor toughness under the frequent braking impact of the wheel, and the integral rigidity of the solid lubricating block and the solid friction material of the grinding block is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to a novel grinder and a method for preparing the same, which solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art.
The invention realizes the purpose through the following technical scheme:
a novel grinder, the grinder includes integrated into one piece tread friction body and solid lubricant piece, wherein:
the tread friction body is used for contacting with a wheel tread and comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of phenolic resin, 20-25 parts of iron powder, 10-15 parts of copper fiber, 6-10 parts of magnesium oxide, 4-8 parts of potassium feldspar, 2-5 parts of graphite and 1-10 parts of cellulose fiber;
the solid lubricating block is used for contacting with a wheel rim, and comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-15 parts of CuSn10 alloy, 2-5 parts of adhesive and 2-8 parts of lubricating component, wherein the lubricating component consists of molybdenum disulfide, graphite and modified polytetrafluoroethylene.
The further improvement is that the mass ratio of the components in the lubricating component is molybdenum disulfide to graphite to modified polytetrafluoroethylene = 3-5.
The further improvement is that the modification process of the modified polytetrafluoroethylene specifically comprises the following steps: dissolving polytetrafluoroethylene with the particle size of 1-3 microns by using an organic solvent, adding phenyl p-hydroxybenzoate with the particle size of 5-7 microns and expanded graphite with the expansion rate of 80-100mL/g, dropwise adding a silane coupling agent after dissolving, putting the obtained mixed solution into an ultrasonic container for ultrasonic treatment, uniformly mixing, drying the obtained mixture, and performing cold pressing sintering to obtain the modified polytetrafluoroethylene.
The further improvement is that the organic solvent is any one of xylene, ethylene glycol monoethyl ether and ethylene glycol monobutyl ether.
The further improvement is that the adhesive is composed of phenolic resin, furfural and dibutyl ester, and the mass ratio of the phenolic resin to the furfural to the dibutyl ester is (5-8).
The invention also provides a preparation method of the novel grinder, which comprises the following steps:
s1: mixing materials: respectively pouring the raw materials of the tread friction body and the solid lubricating block into a mixer according to parts by weight, and mixing for 15-30min;
s2: preparing a tread friction body: mixing the raw materials of the tread friction body, removing bubbles in vacuum, pouring the mixture into a preheated mold at the temperature of 80-100 ℃, baking for 15-20min, demolding, and baking for 10-12h at the temperature of 75-85 ℃ to obtain a tread friction body blank;
s3: preparing a solid lubricating block: mixing the raw materials of the solid lubricating block, then mixing for 5-25min at 90-110 ℃, putting the mixed mixture into the tread friction body blank mold which is not demolded in the step S2, carrying out compression molding, wherein the molding temperature is 140-180 ℃, the time is 1-10min, and then cooling the mold to 10-50 ℃ to obtain a novel grinding sub blank;
s4: hot pressing: placing the novel grinding son blank obtained in the step S3 into a hot press, then performing bidirectional pressing under 1100-2200MPa, heating the product obtained after bidirectional pressing to 300-900 ℃ at a heating rate of 3-8 ℃/min under a protective atmosphere, and preserving heat for 20-40min to obtain an integrally formed grinder;
s5: and (3) secondary curing: and (4) taking the millets obtained in the step (S4) out of the die, putting the millets into a curing furnace for secondary curing, and immobilizing for 6-10h at 130-180 ℃ to obtain finished millets.
The further improvement is that in the step S4, the temperature of the bidirectional pressing is 150-160 ℃, and the time is 1-3h.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) In the grinder developed by the invention, the solid lubricating block is placed on the rim of the wheel, the tread friction body is placed on the tread of the wheel and integrally formed, the use of the lubricating block obviously reduces the abrasion, and the lubricating block is added with molybdenum disulfide and graphite, so that the grinder has the function of improving the sliding property;
(2) According to the invention, the poly (p-hydroxybenzoic acid) phenyl ester in the lubricating block modifies polytetrafluoroethylene under the action of the coupling agent, so that the impact strength and the wear resistance of the lubricating block are improved, the consumption speed of fixing the lubricating block can be reduced (the toughness is improved, the lubrication of a lubricating material is not influenced), and the friction coefficient of the material is reduced due to the addition of the expanded graphite;
(3) The invention adopts the integrated grinder, reduces the wear rate of the wheel rim, prolongs the grinding period of the grinding wheel, reduces the grinding amount of the grinding wheel, can greatly prolong the replacement life of the wheel and reduce the maintenance cost of the vehicle.
In addition, the integrated grinder adopts a geometric design which gives priority to the tire tread adhesion force rather than the rim abrasion, and the strength of the integrated grinder meets the standard requirement even at a bonding interface which is a weak point of the strength.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
in the figure: 1. a tread friction body; 2. and (3) a solid lubricating block.
Detailed Description
The present application will now be described in further detail with reference to the drawings, it should be noted that the following detailed description is given for illustrative purposes only and is not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present application, as those skilled in the art will be able to make numerous insubstantial modifications and adaptations to the present application based on the above disclosure.
Example 1
As shown in FIG. 1, a novel grinder comprises an integrated tread friction body 1 and a solid lubricating block 2, wherein:
the tread friction body 1 is used for contacting with a wheel tread and comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20 parts of phenolic resin, 20 parts of iron powder, 10 parts of copper fiber, 6 parts of magnesium oxide, 4 parts of potassium feldspar, 2 parts of graphite and 1 part of cellulose fiber;
the solid lubricating block 2 is used for contacting with a wheel rim, and comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: the lubricating oil comprises, by mass, 10 parts of CuSn10 alloy, 2 parts of a binder and 2 parts of a lubricating component, wherein the lubricating component consists of molybdenum disulfide, graphite and modified polytetrafluoroethylene, and the mass ratio of the molybdenum disulfide to the graphite to the modified polytetrafluoroethylene is (1).
In this embodiment, the modification process of the modified polytetrafluoroethylene specifically comprises: dissolving polytetrafluoroethylene (purchased from Haishu plastics materials Co., ltd., the same below) with the particle size of 1 μm by using xylene, adding poly-p-hydroxybenzoic acid phenyl ester (accounting for 8% of the mass of the polytetrafluoroethylene, the same below) with the particle size of 5 μm and expanded graphite (accounting for 5% of the mass of the polytetrafluoroethylene, the same below) with the expansion rate of 80mL/g after dissolving, dropwise adding a silane coupling agent (accounting for 4% of the mass of the polytetrafluoroethylene) after dissolving, adding the obtained mixed solution into an ultrasonic container for ultrasonic treatment (the power is 300W, the frequency is 30kHz, the time is 30min, the same below), uniformly mixing, drying the obtained mixture, and then performing cold pressing sintering (the initial pressure is 10MPa, the pressure maintaining time is 12min, sintering at 120 ℃ under the protection of argon, and keeping the temperature for 1.5h, and the same below) to obtain the modified polytetrafluoroethylene.
In the embodiment, the adhesive is composed of phenolic resin, furfural and dibutyl ester, and the mass ratio of the phenolic resin to the furfural to the dibutyl ester = 5.
The preparation method of the novel grinder is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: mixing materials: respectively pouring the raw materials of the tread friction body and the solid lubricating block into a mixer according to parts by weight, and mixing for 15min;
s2: preparing a tread friction body: mixing the raw materials of the tread friction body, removing bubbles in vacuum, pouring the mixture into a preheated mold at 80 ℃, baking for 20min, demolding, and baking for 12h at 75 ℃ to obtain a tread friction body blank;
s3: preparing a solid lubricating block: mixing the raw materials of the solid lubricating block, then mixing for 25min at 90 ℃, putting the mixed mixture into the tread friction body blank mold which is not demolded in the step S2, carrying out compression molding at the mold pressing temperature of 140 ℃ for 10min, and then cooling the mold to 10 ℃ to obtain a novel grinding sub blank;
s4: hot pressing: placing the novel grinding son blank obtained in the step S3 in a hot press, then performing bidirectional pressing under 1100MPa, wherein the temperature of the bidirectional pressing is 150 ℃, the time is 3h, then heating the product obtained after the bidirectional pressing to 300 ℃ at the heating rate of 3 ℃/min under the protective atmosphere, and preserving heat for 20min to obtain an integrally formed grinding son;
s5: secondary curing: and (4) taking the grinding stones obtained in the step (S4) out of the die, putting the grinding stones into a curing furnace for secondary curing, and immobilizing for 10 hours at 130 ℃ to obtain finished grinding stone products.
Example 2
A novel grinder, the grinder includes tread friction body 1 and solid lubricating block 2 of integrated into one piece, wherein:
the tread friction body 1 is used for contacting with a wheel tread and comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 25 parts of phenolic resin, 22 parts of iron powder, 12 parts of copper fiber, 8 parts of magnesium oxide, 6 parts of potassium feldspar, 3 parts of graphite and 5 parts of cellulose fiber;
the solid lubricating block 2 is used for contacting with a wheel rim, and comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: the lubricating oil comprises, by mass, 12 parts of CuSn10 alloy, 3 parts of a binder and 5 parts of a lubricating component, wherein the lubricating component consists of molybdenum disulfide, graphite and modified polytetrafluoroethylene, and the mass ratio of the molybdenum disulfide to the graphite to the modified polytetrafluoroethylene is (2.5).
In this embodiment, the modification process of the modified polytetrafluoroethylene specifically comprises: dissolving polytetrafluoroethylene with the particle size of 2 microns by using ethylene glycol monoethyl ether, adding poly (p-hydroxybenzoic acid) phenyl ester with the particle size of 6 microns and expanded graphite with the expansion rate of 90mL/g after dissolving, dropwise adding a silane coupling agent into the dissolved solution, putting the obtained mixed solution into an ultrasonic container for ultrasonic treatment, uniformly mixing, drying the obtained mixture, and carrying out cold pressing and sintering to obtain the modified polytetrafluoroethylene.
In the embodiment, the adhesive is composed of phenolic resin, furfural and dibutyl ester, and the mass ratio of the phenolic resin to the furfural to the dibutyl ester = 6.
The preparation method of the novel grinder is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: mixing materials: respectively pouring the raw materials of the tread friction body and the solid lubricating block into a mixer according to parts by weight, and mixing for 25min;
s2: preparing a tread friction body: mixing the raw materials of the tread friction body, removing bubbles in vacuum, pouring the mixture into a preheated mold at 90 ℃, baking for 18min, demolding, and baking for 11h at 80 ℃ to obtain a tread friction body blank;
s3: preparing a solid lubricating block: mixing the raw materials of the solid lubricating block, then mixing for 15min at 100 ℃, putting the mixed mixture into the tread friction body blank mold which is not demolded in the step S2, carrying out compression molding at the mold pressing temperature of 160 ℃ for 5min, and then cooling the mold to 30 ℃ to obtain a novel grinding sub blank;
s4: hot pressing: placing the novel grinding son blank obtained in the step S3 in a hot press, then performing bidirectional pressing at 1800MPa, wherein the temperature of the bidirectional pressing is 155 ℃, the time is 2h, then heating the product obtained after the bidirectional pressing to 600 ℃ at the heating rate of 5 ℃/min under the protective atmosphere, and preserving heat for 30min to obtain an integrally formed grinding son;
s5: secondary curing: and (5) taking the grinding stones obtained in the step (S4) out of the die, putting the grinding stones into a curing furnace for secondary curing, and immobilizing for 8 hours at the temperature of 150 ℃ to obtain finished grinding stone products.
Example 3
A novel grinder, the grinder includes tread friction body 1 and solid lubricating block 2 of integrated into one piece, wherein:
the tread friction body 1 is used for contacting with a wheel tread and comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30 parts of phenolic resin, 25 parts of iron powder, 15 parts of copper fiber, 10 parts of magnesium oxide, 8 parts of potassium feldspar, 5 parts of graphite and 10 parts of cellulose fiber;
the solid lubricating block 2 is used for contacting with a wheel rim, and comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: the lubricating component comprises, by mass, 15 parts of CuSn10 alloy, 5 parts of a binder and 8 parts of a lubricating component, wherein the lubricating component comprises molybdenum disulfide, graphite and modified polytetrafluoroethylene, and the mass ratio of the molybdenum disulfide to the graphite to the modified polytetrafluoroethylene is (1).
In this embodiment, the modification process of the modified polytetrafluoroethylene specifically comprises: dissolving polytetrafluoroethylene with the particle size of 3 microns by using ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, adding poly-p-hydroxybenzoic acid phenyl ester with the particle size of 7 microns and expanded graphite with the expansion rate of 100mL/g after dissolving, dropwise adding a silane coupling agent into the dissolved solution, putting the obtained mixed solution into an ultrasonic container for ultrasonic treatment, uniformly mixing, drying the obtained mixture, and performing cold pressing and sintering to obtain the modified polytetrafluoroethylene.
In the embodiment, the adhesive is composed of phenolic resin, furfural and dibutyl ester, and the mass ratio of the phenolic resin to the furfural to the dibutyl ester = 8.
The preparation method of the novel grinder is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: mixing materials: respectively pouring the raw materials of the tread friction body and the solid lubricating block into a mixer according to parts by weight, and mixing for 30min;
s2: preparing a tread friction body: mixing the raw materials of the tread friction body, removing bubbles in vacuum, pouring the mixture into a preheated mold at 100 ℃, baking for 15min, demolding, and baking for 10h at 85 ℃ to obtain a tread friction body blank;
s3: preparing a solid lubricating block: mixing the raw materials of the solid lubricating block, then mixing for 5min at 110 ℃, putting the mixed mixture into the tread friction body blank mold which is not demolded in the step S2, carrying out compression molding at the molding temperature of 180 ℃ for 1min, and then cooling the mold to 50 ℃ to obtain a novel grinding son blank;
s4: hot pressing: placing the novel grinding son blank obtained in the step S3 into a hot press, then performing bidirectional pressing under 2200MPa, wherein the temperature of the bidirectional pressing is 160 ℃, the time is 1h, then heating the product obtained after the bidirectional pressing to 900 ℃ at the heating rate of 8 ℃/min under the protective atmosphere, and preserving heat for 20min to obtain an integrally formed grinding son;
s5: secondary curing: and (5) taking the grinding stones obtained in the step (S4) out of the die, putting the grinding stones into a curing furnace for secondary curing, and immobilizing for 6 hours at 180 ℃ to obtain finished grinding stone products.
Comparative example 1
A novel grinder, the grinder includes integrated tread friction body 1 and solid lubricating block 2, wherein:
the tread friction body 1 is used for contacting with a wheel tread and comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30 parts of phenolic resin, 25 parts of iron powder, 15 parts of copper fiber, 10 parts of magnesium oxide, 8 parts of potassium feldspar, 5 parts of graphite and 10 parts of cellulose fiber;
the solid lubricating block 2 is used for contacting with a wheel rim, and comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: the lubricating component comprises, by mass, 15 parts of CuSn10 alloy, 5 parts of a binder and 8 parts of a lubricating component, wherein the lubricating component consists of molybdenum disulfide, graphite and polytetrafluoroethylene, and the mass ratio of the components is molybdenum disulfide to graphite to polytetrafluoroethylene = 5.
In the embodiment, the adhesive is composed of phenolic resin, furfural and dibutyl ester, and the mass ratio of the phenolic resin to the furfural to the dibutyl ester = 8.
The preparation method of the novel grinder is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: mixing materials: respectively pouring the raw materials of the tread friction body and the solid lubricating block into a mixer according to parts by weight, and mixing for 30min;
s2: preparing a tread friction body: mixing the raw materials of the tread friction body, removing bubbles in vacuum, pouring the mixture into a preheated mold at 100 ℃, baking for 15min, demolding, and baking for 10h at 85 ℃ to obtain a tread friction body blank;
s3: preparing a solid lubricating block: mixing the raw materials of the solid lubricating block, then mixing for 5min at 110 ℃, putting the mixed mixture into the tread friction body blank mold which is not demolded in the step S2, carrying out compression molding at the mold pressing temperature of 180 ℃ for 1min, and then cooling the mold to 50 ℃ to obtain a novel grinding sub blank;
s4: hot pressing: placing the novel grinding son blank obtained in the step S3 into a hot press, then performing bidirectional pressing under 2200MPa, wherein the temperature of the bidirectional pressing is 160 ℃, the time is 1h, then heating the product obtained after the bidirectional pressing to 900 ℃ at the heating rate of 8 ℃/min under the protective atmosphere, and preserving heat for 20min to obtain an integrally formed grinding son;
s5: and (3) secondary curing: and (5) taking the grinding stones obtained in the step (S4) out of the die, putting the grinding stones into a curing furnace for secondary curing, and immobilizing for 6 hours at 180 ℃ to obtain finished grinding stone products.
Physical and mechanical property test:
the abrasive samples obtained in examples 1 to 3 and comparative example 1 were subjected to physical and mechanical property tests including Hardness (HRR), impact strength and compression strength of the solid stick, friction coefficients of the solid stick and the tread friction body, and total wear amounts, with reference to the experimental standards in table 1.
Table 1: experimental standards
| Physical and mechanical property indexes | Experimental standards referred to |
| Hardness (HRR) | GB/T9342-1988 |
| Impact strength | GB/T1043.1-2008 |
| Compressive strength | GB/T1041-2008 |
| Coefficient of friction | GB 5763-2008 |
| Amount of wear | GB 5763-2008 |
The test results are shown in table 2:
table 2: results of the experiment
As can be seen from the results in Table 2, the abrasives obtained in examples 1 to 3 of the present invention all achieved the desired overall performance, indicating that the use of the lubricating block actually reduced the wear, and that the addition of molybdenum disulfide and graphite to the lubricating block had the function of improving the sliding characteristics, and that this solution was able to be put into practical use.
In addition, the solid lubricating block impact strength of the millbases prepared in examples 1-3 of the present invention is significantly improved compared with that of comparative example 1, and the Hardness (HRR) and the compressive strength are not significantly different from those of comparative example 1. In addition, the amount of wear of the abrasives obtained in examples 1 to 3 of the present invention was significantly reduced in terms of the total amount of wear, as compared to comparative example 1. Therefore, the poly (p-hydroxybenzoic acid) phenyl ester in the lubricating block modifies the polytetrafluoroethylene under the action of the coupling agent, so that the impact strength and the wear resistance of the lubricating block are improved, and the consumption speed of the fixed lubricating block can be reduced.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is specific and detailed, but not to be understood as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A new grinder, characterized in that it comprises an integrated tread friction body (1) and a solid lubricant block (2), wherein:
the tread friction body (1) is used for contacting with a wheel tread and comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of phenolic resin, 20-25 parts of iron powder, 10-15 parts of copper fiber, 6-10 parts of magnesium oxide, 4-8 parts of potassium feldspar, 2-5 parts of graphite and 1-10 parts of cellulose fiber;
the solid lubricating block (2) is used for contacting with a wheel rim, and comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-15 parts of CuSn10 alloy, 2-5 parts of adhesive and 2-8 parts of lubricating component, wherein the lubricating component consists of molybdenum disulfide, graphite and modified polytetrafluoroethylene.
2. The novel grinding mill as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the components in the lubricating component is molybdenum disulfide to graphite to modified polytetrafluoroethylene = 3-5.
3. The novel grinder according to claim 1, wherein the modified polytetrafluoroethylene is modified by the following specific process: dissolving polytetrafluoroethylene with the particle size of 1-3 microns by using an organic solvent, adding phenyl p-hydroxybenzoate with the particle size of 5-7 microns and expanded graphite with the expansion rate of 80-100mL/g, dropwise adding a silane coupling agent after dissolving, putting the obtained mixed solution into an ultrasonic container for ultrasonic treatment, uniformly mixing, drying the obtained mixture, and performing cold pressing sintering to obtain the modified polytetrafluoroethylene.
4. A novel mill base according to claim 3, characterised in that the organic solvent is any one of xylene, ethylene glycol monoethyl ether and ethylene glycol monobutyl ether.
5. The novel grinder as claimed in claim 1, wherein the binder is composed of phenolic resin, furfural and dibutyl ester, and the mass ratio of the phenolic resin to the furfural to the dibutyl ester = 5-8.
6. A method of preparing a novel mill according to any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising the steps of:
s1: mixing materials: respectively pouring the raw materials of the tread friction body and the solid lubricating block into a mixer according to parts by weight, and mixing for 15-30min;
s2: preparing a tread friction body: mixing the raw materials of the tread friction body, removing bubbles in vacuum, pouring into a preheated mold at 80-100 ℃, baking for 15-20min, demolding, and baking for 10-12h at 75-85 ℃ to obtain a tread friction body blank;
s3: preparing a solid lubricating block: mixing the raw materials of the solid lubricating block, then mixing for 5-25min at 90-110 ℃, putting the mixed mixture into the tread friction body blank mold which is not demolded in the step S2, carrying out compression molding, wherein the compression molding temperature is 140-180 ℃, the time is 1-10min, and then cooling the mold to 10-50 ℃ to obtain a novel grinding sub blank;
s4: hot pressing: placing the novel grinding son blank obtained in the step S3 into a hot press, then performing bidirectional pressing under 1100-2200MPa, heating the product obtained after bidirectional pressing to 300-900 ℃ at a heating rate of 3-8 ℃/min under a protective atmosphere, and preserving heat for 20-40min to obtain an integrally formed grinder;
s5: and (3) secondary curing: and (5) taking the millets obtained in the step (S4) out of the die, putting the millets into a curing furnace for secondary curing, and immobilizing for 6-10 hours at 130-180 ℃ to obtain the finished millets.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the bi-directional pressing is performed at 150-160 ℃ for 1-3h in step S4.
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