CN109534731B - Deoiling grinds son for track traffic - Google Patents
Deoiling grinds son for track traffic Download PDFInfo
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- CN109534731B CN109534731B CN201811499718.4A CN201811499718A CN109534731B CN 109534731 B CN109534731 B CN 109534731B CN 201811499718 A CN201811499718 A CN 201811499718A CN 109534731 B CN109534731 B CN 109534731B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
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- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/009—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone characterised by the material treated
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
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- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
- C04B41/50—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials
- C04B41/5053—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials non-oxide ceramics
- C04B41/5057—Carbides
- C04B41/5059—Silicon carbide
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/60—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone of only artificial stone
- C04B41/61—Coating or impregnation
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- C04B41/68—Silicic acid; Silicates
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- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K3/00—Materials not provided for elsewhere
- C09K3/14—Anti-slip materials; Abrasives
- C09K3/149—Antislip compositions
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00241—Physical properties of the materials not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/00362—Friction materials, e.g. used as brake linings, anti-skid materials
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Abstract
The invention discloses an oil removing grinder for rail transit, and belongs to the technical field of brake material preparation. The invention relates to an oil removal grinder for rail transit, which comprises a composite binding agent, an oil removal microcapsule, iron powder, an anti-attrition auxiliary agent, fibers, a dispersing agent and a solvent. The invention aims to overcome the defects caused by too slow recovery of the friction coefficient of the existing grinder, and provides an oil-removing grinder for rail transit, wherein oil-removing microcapsules in the grinder are broken in the friction process and release PE (polyethylene) wax, the PE wax is quickly adhered to a tread under the action of friction heat and quickly locks an oil film so as to quickly recover the friction coefficient and eliminate slipping, and the time from the detection of the slipping to the complete recovery of the friction coefficient of the grinder is only 1 minute, so that the safety and stability of the grinder are ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of brake material preparation, and particularly relates to an oil removal grinder for rail transit.
Background
Urban rail transit is put into operation or construction in most of large and medium cities at present due to the efficient transportation characteristics of urban rail transit, but due to the characteristics of land forms and buildings of various large cities, the lines of the rail transit have various characteristics, the relationship between wheel and rail of rail transit vehicles is different due to the difference of the lines, the curves of some lines are various, the abrasion of wheel rims is serious, in order to reduce the abrasion of the wheel rims, a solid lubricating device is installed at the wheel rims of a train, or oil is sprayed to the wheel rims, particularly during oil spraying, the oil flows to the tread, the adhesion coefficient of the wheel and rail is reduced, the wheels slide, the braking distance is prolonged, and the like, so that great hidden dangers are brought to the driving safety.
At present, high-speed railways are equipped with wheel tread sweeper grinders which have the functions of increasing the adhesion coefficient, rounding, removing water and the like, but for urban rail transit, particularly for lines with wheel rim lubrication devices, the time from the detection of slippage to the complete recovery of the friction coefficient of the general-purpose grinders is 2-3 minutes, which is a safety hazard for emergency braking of high-speed trains, so that it is necessary to develop a special grinder for removing oil, which can quickly recover the friction coefficient and improve the adhesion.
Patent application No.: 2201310594923X, filing date: 11 and 25 months in 2013, the invention and creation name is as follows: the application discloses a motor train unit wear-resistant tackifying grinding mill production process which enables a base to have tackifying characteristics by improving a manufacturing process of the motor train unit wear-resistant tackifying grinding mill on the premise of not changing the formula of the existing motor train unit grinding mill, and the motor train unit wear-resistant tackifying grinding mill production process comprises a motor train unit grinding mill production process, and is characterized in that on the basis of the existing motor train unit grinding mill production process: the technological parameters during hot pressing are as follows: the pressure of the product is more than or equal to 35Mpa, the hot-pressing temperature is controlled to be 150 +/-10 ℃, the first air release is carried out after 45 seconds of pressurization, the second air release is carried out after 25 seconds of pressure maintaining, the third air release can be carried out according to the condition of the mixture, after the air release is finished, the pressure maintaining is carried out for 10 minutes to fully solidify the mixture, then the product is demoulded, the product is checked, and the next procedure is carried out after the product is qualified; and (3) heat treatment, wherein in order to ensure stable product performance and stable size of the millbase, the product after hot pressing is subjected to oven heat treatment, and the heat treatment conditions are as follows: keeping the temperature at 150 +/-5 ℃ for 5 hours, heating to 180 +/-5 ℃, keeping the temperature for 4 hours, and opening the oven door to perform the next operation after naturally cooling to below 60 ℃. The grinding mill obtained in the application has improved anti-wear and tackifying performances, but on the basis of not changing the main formula of the grinding mill of the motor train unit, the scheme provides higher requirements for the production process of the grinding mill.
In summary, how to overcome the defects caused by too slow recovery of the friction coefficient of the conventional grinding unit is a technical problem to be solved urgently in the prior art.
The information disclosed in this background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the general background of the invention and should not be taken as an acknowledgement or any form of suggestion that this information forms the prior art already known to a person skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
1. Technical problem to be solved by the invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects caused by too slow recovery of the friction coefficient of the existing grinder, and provides an oil-removing grinder for rail transit, wherein oil-removing microcapsules in the grinder are broken in the friction process and release PE (polyethylene) wax, the PE wax is quickly adhered to a tread under the action of friction heat and quickly locks an oil film so as to quickly recover the friction coefficient and eliminate slipping, and the time from the detection of the slipping to the complete recovery of the friction coefficient of the grinder is only 1 minute, so that the safety and stability of the grinder are ensured.
2. Technical scheme
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
an oil removal grinder for rail transit comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
as a further improvement of the invention, the oil removing microcapsule takes gum arabic as a base material and PE wax as a core material.
As a further improvement of the invention, the composite binder comprises an inorganic binder and an organic binder, wherein the proportion of the inorganic binder in the composite binder is 1/10-3/10.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the organic binder is at least one of an organosilicon modified phenolic resin or a boron modified phenolic resin.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the inorganic binder is at least one of boron glass powder or borax.
As a further improvement of the invention, the antifriction additive is any one or a combination of several of flaked graphite, carbon black and calcined petroleum coke.
As a further improvement of the invention, the fiber is any one or a combination of several of steel fiber, copper-plated fiber, carbon fiber and aramid fiber.
As a further improvement of the invention, the iron powder is foam iron powder, and the particle size of the iron powder is 100-200 meshes.
As a further improvement of the invention, the preparation method comprises the following steps:
step one, granulating, namely sequentially putting the composite binding agent, the oil-removing microcapsule, the iron powder, the antifriction additive and the fibers into a mixer according to a formula proportion for pre-homogenization and fiber opening, and then adding a dispersing agent and a solvent for granulation to obtain a mixture A;
step two, drying the materials, namely putting the mixture A into an oven for drying treatment for 2.5-3.5 hours to obtain a qualified material B;
step three, spraying a release agent, namely heating the hot-press forming die to 160-170 ℃, and uniformly spraying a layer of release agent on the contact part of the die and the mixture by using a spray gun;
step four, hot pressing, namely putting the qualified material B into a hot pressing die for circular pressing, wherein the specific technological parameters are as follows: the surface pressure of the product is 20-30 MPa, the first air release is carried out after 95-105 s after pressurization, the air release time is 18-25 s, the last pressure maintaining is carried out for 750-850 s after 3-5 times of circulation, and then the product is demoulded to obtain a product C;
step five, curing, namely heating the product C in a curing furnace according to the following processes: heating the mixture for 1 hour at the room temperature of 90-90 ℃, heating the mixture for 2 hours at the temperature of 90-115 ℃, heating the mixture for 3 hours at the temperature of 115-130 ℃, heating the mixture for 3 hours at the temperature of 130-165 ℃, heating the mixture for 2 hours at the temperature of 165-185 ℃, and then naturally cooling the mixture until the temperature is lower than 100 ℃ to obtain a semi-finished product D;
and sixthly, dipping the coating, namely soaking the semi-finished product D into the coating for 8-15 s after heat treatment, and drying the semi-finished product D at 145-155 ℃ to obtain the coating.
As a further improvement of the invention, the coating comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
3. advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme provided by the invention has the following remarkable effects:
(1) according to the oil removing grinder for rail transit, the oil removing microcapsule is added, gum arabic is used as a base material, the PE wax is used as a core material, the oil removing microcapsule in the grinder is broken in the friction process and releases the PE wax, the PE wax is quickly adhered to a tread under the action of friction heat and quickly locks an oil film, so that the friction coefficient is quickly recovered, the slippage is eliminated, the time from the detection of the slippage to the complete recovery of the friction coefficient of the grinder is only 1 minute, and the safety and stability of the grinder are guaranteed.
(2) According to the oil removing grinder for rail transit, the gum arabic is selected as the base material and is used as the reliable shell, so that PE wax is dispersed more uniformly, the oil removing microcapsule taking the PE wax as the core material and the gum arabic as the base material is obtained through blowing and rapid curing, the gum arabic as the shell has certain viscosity and certain strength after being heated, and in addition, due to the fact that the melting point of the PE wax is low, the high-temperature strength of the grinder is reduced due to too much addition, and the rapid oil removing effect cannot be guaranteed due to too little addition, therefore, the content of the oil removing microcapsule is controlled within a reasonable range, and the oil removing grinder has a good oil removing and skid preventing effect.
(3) According to the oil removing grinding mill for rail transit, disclosed by the invention, the quality defects of slag falling and block falling and the like caused by the fact that the bonding strength inside the grinding mill is reduced due to the fact that an organic bonding agent is decomposed and loses efficacy when being heated are avoided by adding the composite bonding agent, and according to the characteristics of the grinding mill in the production and preparation process, the inorganic bonding agent is used for replacing part of the organic bonding agent, so that the grinding mill is guaranteed to still have higher bonding strength in the hot press forming process, the impact resistance of the grinding mill is improved, the service life of the grinding mill is prolonged, the replacement frequency of the grinding mill is reduced, the labor intensity is favorably reduced, and the driving safety and stability are improved.
Drawings
To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention, and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and those skilled in the art can derive other related drawings without inventive efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a preparation method of an oil removal grinder for rail transit according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
For a further understanding of the invention, reference should be made to the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples.
Example 1
With reference to fig. 1, the oil removing grinder for rail transit in this embodiment includes the following raw materials in parts by weight:
10 parts of a composite binder;
the composite binder comprises an inorganic binder and an organic binder, wherein the addition ratio of the inorganic binder to the composite binder is 1/5, and the composite binder comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 2 parts by weight of an inorganic binder and 8 parts by weight of an organic binder;
in this embodiment, the organic binder is an organic silicon modified phenolic resin; the inorganic binder is boron glass powder; the antifriction auxiliary agent is flake graphite; the fiber is steel fiber and copper-plated fiber; the iron powder is foam iron powder, and the granularity of the foam iron powder is 100-200 meshes so as to increase the friction coefficient; the dispersing agent adopts ethylene glycol; the solvent is furfural liquid.
In the embodiment, the oil removing microcapsule is added, the oil removing microcapsule takes the gum arabic as a base material and the PE wax as a core material, the oil removing microcapsule in the grinder breaks and releases the PE wax in the friction process, the PE wax is quickly adhered to a tread under the action of frictional heat, and an oil film is quickly locked, so that the friction coefficient is quickly recovered, the slipping is eliminated, and the safety and stability of the grinder are guaranteed. The density of the PE wax is small and is only 0.91-0.96 g/cm 3 If the PE wax is directly mixed into the raw material formula of the grinding particle, the PE wax is not easy to disperse and is easy to accumulate above the mixture. Gum arabic is selected as a base material in the embodiment, so that the gum arabic is used as a reliable shell, and the PE wax is dispersed more uniformly, the PE wax is used as a core material by blowing and fast curing, the oil removing microcapsule with the gum arabic as the base material is obtained, the gum arabic has certain viscosity as the shell, and has certain strength after being heated, in addition, because the melting point of the PE wax is lower, the addition of the PE wax can reduce the high-temperature strength of the millstone due to too much, the addition of the PE wax is too little, and the fast oil removing effect cannot be ensured, therefore, the content of the oil removing microcapsule is controlled within a reasonable range.
In this embodiment, the composite binder includes an organic binder and an inorganic binder, the addition ratio of the inorganic binder to the composite binder is 1/5, and the addition ratio of the organic binder to the composite binder is 4/5. In the oil removing grinding son formula, the organic binder plays a role in bonding in hot-pressing curing molding, but the organic binder is not suitable to be added too much, too much organic binder can generate polycondensation reaction in the hot-pressing molding process to generate a large amount of gas, and defects such as bubbling and cracking of a grinding son product are easily caused.
According to the characteristics of the production and preparation process of the grinding mill, the inorganic binding agent is used for replacing part of the organic binding agent, so that the grinding mill still has high bonding strength in the hot press forming process, the impact resistance of the grinding mill is improved, the service life of the grinding mill is prolonged, the replacement frequency of the grinding mill is reduced, the labor intensity is favorably reduced, and the driving safety and stability are improved.
The degreasing mill of this example was prepared as follows:
step one, granulating, namely sequentially putting the composite binding agent, the oil-removing microcapsule, the iron powder, the antifriction additive and the fibers into a mixer according to a formula ratio for pre-homogenizing and fiber opening, wherein the pre-homogenizing time is 580s, and then adding a dispersing agent and a solvent for granulating for 120s to obtain a mixture A;
step two, drying the material, namely putting the mixture A into an oven for drying treatment for 2.5 hours to obtain a qualified material B, wherein the qualified material B is a mixture with the volatile matter less than 1%;
step three, spraying a release agent, namely heating the hot-press forming die to 160 ℃, and uniformly spraying a layer of release agent on the contact part of the die and the mixture by using a spray gun;
step four, hot pressing, namely putting the qualified material B into a hot pressing die for circular pressing, wherein the specific technological parameters are as follows: the surface pressure of the product is 25MPa, the first deflation is carried out after 100s, the deflation time is 20s, the last pressure maintaining is carried out for 750s after 5 times of circulation, and then the product is demoulded to obtain a product C;
step five, curing, namely heating the product C in a curing furnace according to the following processes: heating the mixture for 1 hour at the room temperature of 90-90 ℃, heating the mixture for 2 hours at the temperature of 90-115 ℃, heating the mixture for 3 hours at the temperature of 115-130 ℃, heating the mixture for 3 hours at the temperature of 130-165 ℃, heating the mixture for 2 hours at the temperature of 165-185 ℃, and then naturally cooling the mixture until the temperature is lower than 100 ℃ to obtain a semi-finished product D;
and step six, dipping the coating, namely immersing the semi-finished product D into the coating for 10s after heat treatment, and drying the semi-finished product D at 150 ℃, wherein the surface temperature of the semi-finished product D before the semi-finished product D is immersed into the coating is 25 ℃.
The room temperature in this embodiment is 20 to 30 ℃, and specifically 20 ℃ in this embodiment.
In the sixth step of this embodiment, the coating comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
in the embodiment, the suspending agent is a composite suspending agent of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose and clay, and a reliable suspending system is favorable for preventing the paint from precipitating in the use process, so that the weight of the suspending agent is controlled within a reasonable range, the weight of the suspending agent is not more than 2 times of that of the inorganic binding agent, the weight ratio of the suspending agent to the inorganic binding agent is 1.5, the suspending effect is good, and meanwhile, the inorganic binding agent can also play a role in ensuring the low-temperature strength. In the embodiment, the room temperature is 20-30 ℃.
The low temperature powder in this example is a mixture of lead-free frit, boron glass powder and borax; the fluxing agent is cryolite and gamma-Al 2 O 3 The cryolite and gamma-Al 2 O 3 2/3, the melting temperature regulator is silicon carbide powder, the weight of the fluxing agent is not more than 3 times of that of the melting temperature regulator, in the embodiment, the fluxing agent and the melting temperature regulator both play a role in regulating the melting temperature range, and specifically, the weight ratio of the fluxing agent to the melting temperature regulator in the embodiment is 2; the inorganic binder is a mixture of xanthan gum and silica sol, and the weight ratio of the xanthan gum to the silica sol is 1/5.
The grinder plays an extremely important role in driving safety, and the grinder in the prior art can spray paint on the surface of the grinder before packaging in the production process to play the roles of rust prevention and oxidation prevention, but the paint spraying has great harm to the environment, so environmental protection treatment equipment is required to be arranged in the paint spraying process, the harm to the environment is reduced, and the environmental protection treatment brings great treatment cost again. The coating in the embodiment is environment-friendly and non-toxic, and the antirust and anti-oxidation coating is prepared on the surface of the grinder by utilizing the coating, so that the inorganic bonding agent and the carbon-containing substance can be effectively prevented from being oxidized, the service life of the grinder is further prolonged, and the service performance of the grinder is improved.
For the performance test results of the oil removal grinder and the general grinder without oil removal microcapsules prepared according to the method in the embodiment shown in table 1, from the test results, the basic mechanical properties of the oil removal grinder with oil removal microcapsules added are not changed greatly, but the friction coefficient recovery time is greatly shortened, so that the oil removal grinder in the embodiment has better service performance, and meanwhile, an oil film can be quickly locked, so that the friction coefficient is quickly recovered, the slipping is eliminated, and the safety and stability of the grinder are ensured.
TABLE 1 Performance test results for two grinders
Example 2
The composition of the oil removing grinder for rail transit in this embodiment is substantially the same as that of embodiment 1, except that:
the oil removing grinder for rail transit comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
8 parts of a composite binder;
the composite binder comprises an inorganic binder and an organic binder, wherein the addition ratio of the inorganic binder to the composite binder is 1/5, and the composite binder comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1.6 parts by weight of an inorganic binder and 6.4 parts by weight of an organic binder;
in this embodiment, the organic binder is a mixture of an organosilicon-modified phenolic resin and a boron-modified phenolic resin; the inorganic bonding agent is borax; the antifriction additive is a mixture of flake graphite and carbon black; the fibers are steel fibers and carbon fibers; the iron powder is foam iron powder, and the granularity of the foam iron powder is 100-200 meshes; the dispersant is a Glanduce carbon wetting dispersant; the solvent is furfural liquid.
The degreasing mill of this example was prepared as follows:
step one, granulating, namely sequentially putting the composite binding agent, the oil-removing microcapsule, the iron powder, the antifriction additive and the fibers into a mixer according to a formula ratio for pre-homogenizing and fiber opening, wherein the pre-homogenizing time is 600s, then adding a dispersing agent and a solvent for granulating, and the granulating time is 120s to obtain a mixture A;
drying the material, namely putting the mixture A into an oven for drying treatment for 3 hours to obtain a qualified material B, wherein the qualified material B is a mixture with the volatile matter less than 1%;
step three, spraying a release agent, namely heating the hot-press forming die to 165 ℃, and uniformly spraying a layer of release agent on the contact part of the die and the mixture by using a spray gun;
step four, hot pressing, namely putting the qualified material B into a hot pressing die for circular pressing, wherein the specific technological parameters are as follows: the surface pressure of the product is 20MPa, the first deflation is carried out after 100s, the deflation time is 18s, the pressure is maintained for the last time after 4 times of circulation, and then the product is demoulded to obtain a product C;
step five, curing, namely heating the product C in a curing furnace according to the following processes: heating at 22-90 ℃ for 1h, heating at 90-115 ℃ for 2h, heating at 115-130 ℃ for 3h, heating at 130-165 ℃ for 3h, heating at 165-185 ℃ for 2h, and then naturally cooling to a temperature lower than 100 ℃ to obtain a semi-finished product D;
and step six, dipping the coating, namely soaking the semi-finished product D into the coating for 10s after heat treatment, and drying the semi-finished product D at 150 ℃, wherein the surface temperature of the semi-finished product D before dipping into the coating is 28 ℃.
In the sixth step of this embodiment, the coating comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
in this embodiment, the suspending agent is a composite suspending agent of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose and clay, and the weight ratio of the suspending agent to the inorganic binder is 2. In the embodiment, the low-temperature powder is a mixture of boron glass powder and borax; the fluxing agent is feldspar powder, the melting temperature regulator is silicon carbide powder, the weight of the fluxing agent is not more than 3 times of that of the melting temperature regulator, and the weight ratio of the fluxing agent to the melting temperature regulator is 1.5 in the embodiment; the inorganic binder is a mixture of xanthan gum and silica sol, the weight ratio of the xanthan gum to the silica sol is 1/5, and the waterproof agent is pure acrylic emulsion.
In the present example, the results of the performance tests on the deoiled mill prepared according to the above method and the general mill without deoiling microcapsule are shown in table 2, and from the test results, the basic mechanical properties of the deoiled mill with deoiling microcapsule are not changed greatly, but the friction coefficient recovery time is also shortened greatly.
TABLE 2 Performance test results for two grinders
Example 3
The present embodiment is a degreasing grinder for rail transit, which has substantially the same composition as that of embodiment 1, and the difference is that:
the oil removing grinder for rail transit comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
7.5 parts of a composite binder;
the composite binder comprises an inorganic binder and an organic binder, wherein the addition ratio of the inorganic binder to the composite binder is 3/10, and the composite binder comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 2.25 parts by weight of an inorganic binder and 5.25 parts by weight of an organic binder;
in the embodiment, the organic binder is boron modified aldehyde resin; the inorganic binder is boron glass powder; the antifriction additive is flake graphite; the fiber is steel fiber and copper-plated fiber; the iron powder is foam iron powder, and the granularity of the foam iron powder is 100-200 meshes; the dispersing agent adopts ethylene glycol; the solvent is furfural liquid.
The degreasing mill of this example was prepared as follows:
step one, granulating, namely sequentially putting the composite binding agent, the oil-removing microcapsule, the iron powder, the antifriction additive and the fibers into a mixer according to a formula ratio for pre-homogenizing and fiber opening, wherein the pre-homogenizing time is 620s, then adding a dispersing agent and a solvent for granulating, and the granulating time is 110s to obtain a mixture A;
step two, drying the material, namely putting the mixture A into an oven for drying treatment for 2.8 hours to obtain a qualified material B, wherein the qualified material B is a mixture with the volatile matter less than 1%;
step three, spraying a release agent, namely heating the hot-press forming die to 170 ℃, and uniformly spraying a layer of release agent on the contact part of the die and the mixture by using a spray gun;
step four, hot pressing, namely putting the qualified material B into a hot pressing die for circular pressing, wherein the specific technological parameters are as follows: the surface pressure of the product is 30MPa, 105s of first deflation is carried out after pressurization, the deflation time is 20s, the pressure is maintained for the last time of 750s after circulation is carried out for 3 times, and then the product is demoulded to obtain a product C;
step five, curing, namely heating the product C in a curing furnace according to the following processes: heating at 25-90 ℃ for 1h, heating at 90-115 ℃ for 2h, heating at 115-130 ℃ for 3h, heating at 130-165 ℃ for 3h, heating at 165-185 ℃ for 2h, and then naturally cooling to a temperature lower than 100 ℃ to obtain a semi-finished product D;
and step six, dipping the coating, namely immersing the semi-finished product D into the coating for 13s after heat treatment, and drying the semi-finished product D at 155 ℃, wherein the surface temperature of the semi-finished product D before being immersed into the coating is 29 ℃.
In the sixth step of this embodiment, the coating comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
in this embodiment, the suspending agent is a composite suspending agent of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose and clay, and the weight ratio of the suspending agent to the inorganic binder is 1.8. In the embodiment, the low-temperature powder is boron glass powder; the fluxing agent is feldspar powder, the melting temperature regulator is silicon carbide powder, the weight of the fluxing agent is not more than 3 times of that of the melting temperature regulator, and the weight ratio of the fluxing agent to the melting temperature regulator is 2.5 in the embodiment; the inorganic binding agent is a mixture of xanthan gum and silica sol, the weight ratio of the xanthan gum to the silica sol is 1/5, and the waterproofing agent is sodium silicate.
Example 4
The composition of the oil removing grinder for rail transit in this embodiment is substantially the same as that of embodiment 1, except that:
the oil removing grinder for rail transit comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
7 parts of a composite binder;
the composite binder comprises an inorganic binder and an organic binder, wherein the addition ratio of the inorganic binder to the composite binder is 3/10, and the composite binder comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 2.1 parts by weight of an inorganic binder and 4.9 parts by weight of an organic binder;
in the embodiment, the organic binder is a mixture of organic silicon modified phenolic resin and boron modified phenolic resin; the inorganic bonding agent is boron glass powder; the antifriction auxiliary agent is flake graphite; the fiber is steel fiber and copper-plated fiber; the iron powder is foam iron powder, and the granularity of the foam iron powder is 100-200 meshes; the dispersing agent adopts ethylene glycol; the solvent is furfural liquid.
The degreasing mill of this example was prepared as follows:
step one, granulating, namely sequentially putting the composite binding agent, the oil-removing microcapsule, the iron powder, the antifriction additive and the fibers into a mixer according to a formula ratio for pre-homogenizing and fiber opening, wherein the pre-homogenizing time is 600s, and then adding a dispersing agent and a solvent for granulating for 130s to obtain a mixture A;
step two, drying the material, namely putting the mixture A into an oven for drying treatment for 2.7 hours to obtain a qualified material B, wherein the qualified material B is a mixture with the volatile matter less than 1%;
step three, spraying a release agent, namely heating the hot-press forming die to 168 ℃, and uniformly spraying a layer of release agent on the contact part of the die and the mixture by using a spray gun;
step four, hot pressing, namely putting the qualified material B into a hot pressing die for circular pressing, wherein the specific technological parameters are as follows: the surface pressure of the product is 27MPa, the first deflation is carried out after 100s, the deflation time is 20s, the last pressure maintaining is carried out for 750s after 5 times of circulation, and then the product is demoulded to obtain a product C;
step five, curing, namely heating the product C in a curing furnace according to the following processes: raising the temperature of 27-90 ℃ for 1h, raising the temperature of 90-115 ℃ for 2h, raising the temperature of 115-130 ℃ for 3h, raising the temperature of 130-165 ℃ for 3h, raising the temperature of 165-185 ℃ for 2h, and then naturally cooling to the temperature lower than 100 ℃ to obtain a semi-finished product D;
and step six, dipping the coating, namely soaking the semi-finished product D into the coating for 10s after heat treatment, and drying the semi-finished product D at 150 ℃, wherein the surface temperature of the semi-finished product D before dipping into the coating is 25 ℃.
In the sixth step of this embodiment, the coating comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
in this embodiment, the suspending agent is a composite suspending agent of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose and clay, and the weight ratio of the suspending agent to the inorganic binder is 1.5. In the embodiment, the low-temperature powder is borax; the fluxing agent is feldspar powder, the melting temperature regulator is silicon carbide powder, and the weight ratio of the fluxing agent to the melting temperature regulator is 2.4; the inorganic binding agent is a mixture of xanthan gum and silica sol, the weight ratio of the xanthan gum to the silica sol is 1/5, and the waterproofing agent is sodium silicate.
Example 5
The composition of the oil removing grinder for rail transit in this embodiment is substantially the same as that of embodiment 1, except that:
the oil removing grinder for rail transit comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
9.5 parts of a composite binder;
the composite binder comprises an inorganic binder and an organic binder, wherein the addition ratio of the inorganic binder to the composite binder is 3/10, and the composite binder comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 2.85 parts by weight of an inorganic binder and 6.65 parts by weight of an organic binder;
in the embodiment, the organic binder is boron modified aldehyde resin; the inorganic bonding agent is borax; the antifriction additive is flake graphite; the fiber is steel fiber and copper-plated fiber; the iron powder is foam iron powder, and the granularity of the foam iron powder is 100-200 meshes; the dispersant is a Glanduce carbon wetting dispersant; the solvent is furfural liquid.
The degreasing mill of this example was prepared as follows:
step one, granulating, namely sequentially putting the composite binding agent, the oil-removing microcapsule, the iron powder, the antifriction additive and the fibers into a mixer according to a formula ratio for pre-homogenizing and fiber opening, wherein the pre-homogenizing time is 580s, and then adding a dispersing agent and a solvent for granulating for 120s to obtain a mixture A;
step two, drying the material, namely putting the mixture A into an oven for drying treatment for 2.5 hours to obtain a qualified material B, wherein the qualified material B is a mixture with the volatile matter less than 1%;
step three, spraying a release agent, namely heating the hot-press forming die to 160 ℃, and uniformly spraying a layer of release agent on the contact part of the die and the mixture by using a spray gun;
step four, hot pressing, namely putting the qualified material B into a hot pressing die for circular pressing, wherein the specific technological parameters are as follows: the surface pressure of the product is 25MPa, the first deflation is carried out after 100s, the deflation time is 20s, the last pressure maintaining is carried out for 750s after 5 times of circulation, and then the product is demoulded to obtain a product C;
step five, curing, namely heating the product C in a curing furnace according to the following processes: heating to 28.5-90 ℃ for 1h, heating to 90-115 ℃ for 2h, heating to 115-130 ℃ for 3h, heating to 130-165 ℃ for 3h, heating to 165-185 ℃ for 2h, and naturally cooling to a temperature lower than 100 ℃ to obtain a semi-finished product D;
and step six, dipping the coating, namely soaking the semi-finished product D into the coating for 10s after heat treatment, and drying the semi-finished product D at 150 ℃, wherein the surface temperature of the semi-finished product D before dipping into the coating is 25 ℃.
In the sixth step of this embodiment, the coating comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
in this embodiment, the suspending agent is a composite suspending agent of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose and clay, and the weight ratio of the suspending agent to the inorganic binder is 1.5. In the embodiment, the low-temperature powder is borax; the fluxing agent is cryolite and gamma-Al 2 O 3 The cryolite with gamma-Al, or feldspar powder 2 O 3 The ball milling weight ratio of 2/3, the melting temperature regulator is silicon carbide powder, and the weight ratio of the fluxing agent to the melting temperature regulator is 2.2; the inorganic binder is a mixture of xanthan gum and silica sol, the weight ratio of the xanthan gum to the silica sol is 1/5, and the waterproof agent is pure acrylic emulsion.
Example 6
The composition of the oil removing grinder for rail transit in this embodiment is substantially the same as that of embodiment 1, except that:
the oil removing grinder for rail transit comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
10 parts of a composite binder;
the composite binder comprises an inorganic binder and an organic binder, wherein the addition ratio of the inorganic binder to the composite binder is 1/10, and the composite binder comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1 part by weight of an inorganic binder and 9 parts by weight of an organic binder;
in the embodiment, the organic binder is boron modified aldehyde resin; the inorganic bonding agent is boron glass powder; the antifriction auxiliary agent is flake graphite; the fibers are steel fibers; the iron powder is foam iron powder, and the granularity of the foam iron powder is 100-200 meshes; the dispersing agent adopts ethylene glycol; the solvent is furfural liquid.
The degreasing mill of this example was prepared as follows:
step one, granulating, namely sequentially putting the composite binding agent, the oil-removing microcapsule, the iron powder, the antifriction additive and the fibers into a mixer according to a formula ratio for pre-homogenizing and fiber opening, wherein the pre-homogenizing time is 580s, and then adding a dispersing agent and a solvent for granulating for 120s to obtain a mixture A;
step two, drying the material, namely putting the mixture A into an oven for drying treatment for 2.5 hours to obtain a qualified material B, wherein the qualified material B is a mixture with the volatile matter less than 1%;
step three, spraying a release agent, namely heating the hot-press forming die to 160 ℃, and uniformly spraying a layer of release agent on the contact part of the die and the mixture by using a spray gun;
step four, hot pressing, namely putting the qualified material B into a hot pressing die for circular pressing, wherein the specific technological parameters are as follows: the surface pressure of the product is 25MPa, the first deflation is carried out after 100s, the deflation time is 20s, the last pressure maintaining is carried out for 750s after 5 times of circulation, and then the product is demoulded to obtain a product C;
step five, curing, namely heating the product C in a curing furnace according to the following processes: heating to 30-90 ℃ for 1h, heating to 90-115 ℃ for 2h, heating to 115-130 ℃ for 3h, heating to 130-165 ℃ for 3h, heating to 165-185 ℃ for 2h, and then naturally cooling to a temperature lower than 100 ℃ to obtain a semi-finished product D;
and step six, dipping the coating, namely soaking the semi-finished product D into the coating for 10s after heat treatment, and drying the semi-finished product D at 150 ℃, wherein the surface temperature of the semi-finished product D before dipping into the coating is 25 ℃.
In the sixth step of this embodiment, the coating comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
in this embodiment, the suspending agent is a composite suspending agent of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose and clay, and the weight ratio of the suspending agent to the inorganic binder is 1.6. In the embodiment, the low-temperature powder is a mixture of boron glass powder and borax; the fluxing agent is feldspar powder, the melting temperature regulator is silicon carbide powder, and the weight ratio of the fluxing agent to the melting temperature regulator is 1.5 in the embodiment; the inorganic binder is a mixture of xanthan gum and silica sol, the weight ratio of the xanthan gum to the silica sol is 1/5, and the waterproof agent is pure acrylic emulsion.
The above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a deoiling grinds son for track traffic which characterized in that: the feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
the oil removing microcapsule takes gum arabic as a base material and PE wax as a core material;
the composite binder comprises an inorganic binder and an organic binder, wherein the proportion of the inorganic binder in the composite binder is 1/10-3/10;
the fiber is any one or combination of several of steel fiber, copper-plated fiber, carbon fiber and aramid fiber;
the antifriction additive is any one or a combination of more of flaked graphite, carbon black and calcined petroleum coke;
the iron powder is foam iron powder, and the granularity of the iron powder is 100-200 meshes; the dispersing agent adopts ethylene glycol; the solvent is furfural liquid.
2. An oil removal grinder for rail transit according to claim 1, wherein: the organic binding agent is at least one of organic silicon modified phenolic resin or boron modified phenolic resin.
3. An oil removal grinder for rail transit according to claim 1, wherein: the inorganic bonding agent is at least one of boron glass powder or borax.
4. An oil removal grinder for rail transit according to claim 1, wherein: the preparation method comprises the following steps:
step one, granulating, namely sequentially putting the composite binding agent, the oil-removing microcapsule, the iron powder, the antifriction additive and the fibers into a mixer according to a formula proportion for pre-homogenization and fiber opening, and then adding a dispersing agent and a solvent for granulation to obtain a mixture A;
step two, drying the materials, namely putting the mixture A into an oven for drying treatment for 2.5-3.5 hours to obtain a qualified material B;
step three, spraying a release agent, namely heating the hot-press forming die to 160-170 ℃, and uniformly spraying a layer of release agent on the contact part of the die and the mixture by using a spray gun;
step four, hot pressing, namely putting the qualified material B into a hot pressing die for circular pressing, wherein the specific technological parameters are as follows: the surface pressure of the product is 20-30 MPa, the first air release is carried out after the pressure is increased for 95-105 s, the air release time is 18-25 s, the last pressure maintaining is carried out for 750-850 s after the circulation is carried out for 3-5 times, and then the product is demoulded to obtain a product C;
step five, curing, namely heating the product C in a curing furnace according to the following processes: heating for 1h at room temperature to 90 ℃, heating for 2h at 90-115 ℃, heating for 3h at 115-130 ℃, heating for 3h at 130-165 ℃, heating for 2h at 165-185 ℃, and then naturally cooling to a temperature lower than 100 ℃ to obtain a semi-finished product D;
and sixthly, dipping the coating, namely soaking the semi-finished product D into the coating for 8-15 s after heat treatment, and drying the semi-finished product D at 145-155 ℃ to obtain the coating.
5. An oil removal grinder for rail transit according to claim 4, wherein:
the coating comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
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