CN115197533B - Grinder and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Grinder and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115197533B CN115197533B CN202210889688.8A CN202210889688A CN115197533B CN 115197533 B CN115197533 B CN 115197533B CN 202210889688 A CN202210889688 A CN 202210889688A CN 115197533 B CN115197533 B CN 115197533B
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- friction body
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 9
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- -1 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol Chemical compound [CH]OC1=CC=CC([CH])=C1O KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdenum disulfide Chemical compound S=[Mo]=S CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910052982 molybdenum disulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229920003043 Cellulose fiber Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- DLHONNLASJQAHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;potassium;oxygen(2-);silicon(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Si+4].[Si+4].[Si+4].[K+] DLHONNLASJQAHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 35
- HYBBIBNJHNGZAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N furfural Chemical compound O=CC1=CC=CO1 HYBBIBNJHNGZAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000748 compression moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000006087 Silane Coupling Agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009210 therapy by ultrasound Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- POAOYUHQDCAZBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-butoxyethanol Chemical compound CCCCOCCO POAOYUHQDCAZBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- ZNQVEEAIQZEUHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethoxyethanol Chemical compound CCOCCO ZNQVEEAIQZEUHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- GJLNWLVPAHNBQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenyl 4-hydroxybenzoate Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1C(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1 GJLNWLVPAHNBQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229920001233 Poly-4-hydroxybenzoate Polymers 0.000 description 3
- FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-hydroxybenzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007822 coupling agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229940090248 4-hydroxybenzoic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003082 abrasive agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002783 friction material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L61/00—Compositions of condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L61/04—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with phenols only
- C08L61/06—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with phenols only of aldehydes with phenols
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/10—Metallic powder containing lubricating or binding agents; Metallic powder containing organic material
- B22F1/105—Metallic powder containing lubricating or binding agents; Metallic powder containing organic material containing inorganic lubricating or binding agents, e.g. metal salts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/02—Compacting only
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61F—RAIL VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS, e.g. UNDERFRAMES, BOGIES OR ARRANGEMENTS OF WHEEL AXLES; RAIL VEHICLES FOR USE ON TRACKS OF DIFFERENT WIDTH; PREVENTING DERAILING OF RAIL VEHICLES; WHEEL GUARDS, OBSTRUCTION REMOVERS OR THE LIKE FOR RAIL VEHICLES
- B61F19/00—Wheel guards; Bumpers; Obstruction removers or the like
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/02—Elements
- C08K3/08—Metals
- C08K2003/0856—Iron
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
- C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
- C08K2003/2217—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals of magnesium
- C08K2003/222—Magnesia, i.e. magnesium oxide
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/14—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing polymeric additives characterised by shape
- C08L2205/16—Fibres; Fibrils
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
Abstract
The application discloses a grinder and a preparation method thereof, wherein the grinder comprises a tread friction body and a solid lubricant block which are integrally formed, wherein the grinder comprises: the tread friction body is used for contacting with the tread of the wheel, and comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of phenolic resin, 20-25 parts of iron powder, 10-15 parts of copper fibers, 6-10 parts of magnesium oxide, 4-8 parts of potassium feldspar, 2-5 parts of graphite and 1-10 parts of cellulose fibers; the solid lubricating block is used for contacting with the wheel rim of the wheel, and comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-15 parts of CuSn10 alloy, 2-5 parts of adhesive and 2-8 parts of lubricating component, wherein the lubricating component consists of molybdenum disulfide, graphite and modified polytetrafluoroethylene. In the grinder developed by the application, the solid lubricating block is placed on the wheel rim, the tread friction body is placed on the wheel tread and integrally formed, the use of the lubricating block obviously reduces abrasion, and molybdenum disulfide and graphite are added in the lubricating block, so that the grinder has the function of improving sliding characteristics.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of railway vehicle braking materials, in particular to a grinder and a preparation method thereof.
Background
In the prior art, in order to improve the braking performance of a motor train unit, a grinder is assembled on the motor train unit with the speed of 200km or more, the grinder is a component on a motor train tread cleaning device and is fixed on a brake clamp support frame of a bogie, and when in braking, the grinder is pressed on a tread to clean, so that the tread of a wheel is ensured to have a good surface state, and dust, rust, grease and the like attached on the tread of the wheel can be removed in the running process of the vehicle; during this process, rim wear occurs due to contact with the outside bend rail, so lubrication is required to reduce wear, except on less curvilinear lines, while lubrication of the rim portion is also important to reduce noise.
There is also a limitation in using a lubricator to lubricate the rim portion of the wheel, such as the lubricant adhering to the tread or rail top, causing slippage or slip; furthermore, the use of lubricators means that when the wheel diameter changes, it is necessary to replenish the lubricating oil and adjust its position; the device adopted abroad is characterized in that a special bracket on a bogie is provided with a bar-shaped solid lubricating oil block which is fixed at a wheel rim through a spring; however, since the lubricant is in continuous contact, the consumption speed of the fixed lubricant is too high, the service life of the grinder is greatly shortened, and the position of the grinder needs to be adjusted, the same problem exists as when the lubricator is used; in addition, the toughness of the solid lubricating block is poor under the frequent braking impact of the wheel, and the integral rigidity of the solid lubricating block and the solid friction material of the grinder is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
The present application is directed to a grinder and a method for preparing the same, which solve the above-mentioned problems in the prior art.
The application realizes the above purpose through the following technical scheme:
a grinder, the grinder includes integrated into one piece's tread friction body and solid lubricating block, wherein:
the tread friction body is used for contacting with the tread of the wheel, and comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of phenolic resin, 20-25 parts of iron powder, 10-15 parts of copper fibers, 6-10 parts of magnesium oxide, 4-8 parts of potassium feldspar, 2-5 parts of graphite and 1-10 parts of cellulose fibers;
the solid lubricating block is used for contacting with the wheel rim of the wheel, and comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-15 parts of CuSn10 alloy, 2-5 parts of adhesive and 2-8 parts of lubricating component, wherein the lubricating component consists of molybdenum disulfide, graphite and modified polytetrafluoroethylene.
The further improvement is that the mass ratio of each component in the lubricating component is molybdenum disulfide to graphite to modified polytetrafluoroethylene=3-5:2-3:1.
The further improvement is that the modification process of the modified polytetrafluoroethylene specifically comprises the following steps: dissolving polytetrafluoroethylene with the particle size of 1-3 mu m by using an organic solvent, adding poly-p-hydroxybenzoic acid phenyl ester with the particle size of 5-7 mu m and expanded graphite with the expansion rate of 80-100mL/g into the solution, dripping a silane coupling agent into the solution after the dissolution, putting the obtained mixed solution into an ultrasonic container for ultrasonic treatment, uniformly mixing, drying the obtained mixture, and performing cold pressing sintering to obtain the modified polytetrafluoroethylene.
The further improvement is that the organic solvent is any one of dimethylbenzene, ethylene glycol monoethyl ether and ethylene glycol monobutyl ether.
The adhesive is further improved in that the adhesive consists of phenolic resin, furfural and dibutyl ester, and the mass ratio of the components is phenolic resin, namely, furfural and dibutyl ester=5-8:0.8-1.5:1.
The application also provides a preparation method of the grinder, which comprises the following steps:
s1: mixing: respectively pouring the raw materials of the tread friction body and the solid lubricating block into a mixer according to parts by weight, and mixing for 15-30min;
s2: preparing a tread friction body: mixing the raw materials of the tread friction body, removing bubbles in vacuum, pouring into a preheated mold at 80-100 ℃, baking for 15-20min, demolding, and baking at 75-85 ℃ for 10-12h to obtain a tread friction body blank;
s3: preparing a solid lubrication block: mixing the raw materials of the solid lubricating block, mixing for 5-25min at 90-110 ℃, placing the mixed mixture into a tread friction body blank mold which is not demoulded in the step S2, performing compression molding at 140-180 ℃ for 1-10min, and then cooling the mold to 10-50 ℃ to obtain a grinding sub-blank;
s4: hot pressing: placing the blank material of the grinding mill obtained in the step S3 into a hot press, then carrying out bidirectional pressing under 1100-2200MPa, heating the product obtained after bidirectional pressing to 300-900 ℃ at a heating rate of 3-8 ℃/min under a protective atmosphere, and preserving heat for 20-40min to obtain an integrally formed grinding mill;
s5: secondary curing: and (3) taking out the grinder obtained in the step (S4) from the die, putting the grinder into a curing furnace for secondary curing, and fixing the grinder at 130-180 ℃ for 6-10 hours to obtain a grinder finished product.
The further improvement is that in the step S4, the temperature of the bidirectional pressing is 150-160 ℃ and the time is 1-3h.
The application has the beneficial effects that:
(1) In the grinder developed by the application, the solid lubricating block is placed on the wheel rim, the tread friction body is placed on the wheel tread and integrally formed, the use of the lubricating block obviously reduces abrasion, and molybdenum disulfide and graphite are added in the lubricating block, so that the grinder has the function of improving sliding characteristics;
(2) According to the lubricating block, the poly (p-hydroxybenzoic acid) phenyl ester modifies polytetrafluoroethylene under the action of the coupling agent, so that the impact strength and the wear resistance of the lubricating block are improved, the consumption speed of the fixed lubricating block can be reduced (the toughness is improved, the lubrication of a lubricating material is not influenced), and the friction coefficient of the material is reduced due to the addition of the expanded graphite;
(3) The application adopts the integrated grinder, reduces the rim abrasion rate, prolongs the grinding cycle of the grinding wheel, reduces the grinding quantity of the grinding wheel, can greatly prolong the replacement life of the wheel and reduces the maintenance cost of the vehicle.
In addition, the integrated grinder adopts a geometric design which gives priority to tread adhesion rather than rim wear, and the strength of the integrated grinder meets the standard requirement even at a weak point-bonding interface of the strength.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present application;
in the figure: 1. a tread friction body; 2. a solid lubricant block.
Detailed Description
The present application will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein it is to be understood that the following detailed description is for the purpose of further illustrating the application only and is not to be construed as limiting the scope of the application, as various insubstantial modifications and adaptations of the application to those skilled in the art can be made in light of the foregoing disclosure.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, a grinding device, the grinding device comprises an integrally formed tread friction body 1 and a solid lubricant block 2, wherein:
the tread friction body 1 is used for contacting with the tread of a wheel, and comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20 parts of phenolic resin, 20 parts of iron powder, 10 parts of copper fibers, 6 parts of magnesium oxide, 4 parts of potassium feldspar, 2 parts of graphite and 1 part of cellulose fibers;
the solid lubricating block 2 is used for contacting with the wheel rim of the wheel, and comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10 parts of CuSn10 alloy, 2 parts of adhesive and 2 parts of lubricating component, wherein the lubricating component consists of molybdenum disulfide, graphite and modified polytetrafluoroethylene, and the mass ratio of the components is molybdenum disulfide to graphite to modified polytetrafluoroethylene=3:2:1.
In this embodiment, the modification process of the modified polytetrafluoroethylene specifically includes: polytetrafluoroethylene (available from Heissima plastics Co., ltd., dongguan) having a particle size of 1 μm was dissolved in xylene, and after dissolution, a poly (p-hydroxybenzoate) (8% by mass of polytetrafluoroethylene, the same applies hereinafter) having a particle size of 5 μm and an expanded graphite (5% by mass of polytetrafluoroethylene, the same applies hereinafter) having an expansion ratio of 80mL/g were added thereto, and after dissolution, a silane coupling agent (4% by mass of polytetrafluoroethylene) was added dropwise thereto, and then placing the obtained mixed solution into an ultrasonic container for ultrasonic treatment (the power is 300W, the frequency is 30kHz, the time is 30min, the same applies below), uniformly mixing, drying the obtained mixture, and then performing cold pressing sintering (the initial pressure is 10MPa, the dwell time is 12min, sintering is performed at 120 ℃ under the protection of argon, and the heat preservation is performed for 1.5h, the same applies below), thus obtaining the modified polytetrafluoroethylene.
In the embodiment, the adhesive consists of phenolic resin, furfural and dibutyl ester, and the mass ratio of the components is phenolic resin, furfural and dibutyl ester=5:0.8:1.
The preparation method of the grinder is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: mixing: respectively pouring the raw materials of the tread friction body and the solid lubricating block into a mixer according to parts by weight, and mixing for 15min;
s2: preparing a tread friction body: mixing the raw materials of the tread friction body, removing bubbles in vacuum, pouring into a preheated mold at 80 ℃, baking for 20min, demolding, and baking at 75 ℃ for 12h to obtain a tread friction body blank;
s3: preparing a solid lubrication block: mixing the raw materials of the solid lubricating block, mixing at 90 ℃ for 25min, placing the mixed mixture into a tread friction body blank mold which is not demoulded in the step S2, performing compression molding at 140 ℃ for 10min, and then cooling the mold to 10 ℃ to obtain a grinding sub-blank;
s4: hot pressing: placing the blank material of the grinder obtained in the step S3 into a hot press, then carrying out bidirectional pressing under 1100MPa, wherein the bidirectional pressing temperature is 150 ℃, the time is 3 hours, then heating the product obtained after the bidirectional pressing to 300 ℃ at the heating rate of 3 ℃/min under the protection atmosphere, and preserving heat for 20 minutes to obtain the integrally formed grinder;
s5: secondary curing: and (3) taking out the grinder obtained in the step (S4) from the die, putting the grinder into a curing furnace for secondary curing, and fixing the grinder at 130 ℃ for 10 hours to obtain a grinder finished product.
Example 2
A grinder, the grinder includes integrated into one piece's tread friction body 1 and solid lubricating block 2, wherein:
the tread friction body 1 is used for contacting with the tread of a wheel, and comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 25 parts of phenolic resin, 22 parts of iron powder, 12 parts of copper fibers, 8 parts of magnesium oxide, 6 parts of potassium feldspar, 3 parts of graphite and 5 parts of cellulose fibers;
the solid lubricating block 2 is used for contacting with the wheel rim of the wheel, and comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 12 parts of CuSn10 alloy, 3 parts of adhesive and 5 parts of lubricating component, wherein the lubricating component consists of molybdenum disulfide, graphite and modified polytetrafluoroethylene, and the mass ratio of the components is molybdenum disulfide to graphite to modified polytetrafluoroethylene=4:2.5:1.
In this embodiment, the modification process of the modified polytetrafluoroethylene specifically includes: dissolving polytetrafluoroethylene with the particle size of 2 mu m by using ethylene glycol monoethyl ether, adding poly (p-hydroxybenzoic acid) with the particle size of 6 mu m and expanded graphite with the expansion rate of 90mL/g into the mixture after dissolving, then dripping a silane coupling agent into the mixture after dissolving, then putting the obtained mixed solution into an ultrasonic container for ultrasonic treatment, uniformly mixing, drying the obtained mixture, and then carrying out cold pressing sintering to obtain the modified polytetrafluoroethylene.
In the embodiment, the adhesive consists of phenolic resin, furfural and dibutyl ester, and the mass ratio of the components is phenolic resin, furfural and dibutyl ester=6:1:1.
The preparation method of the grinder is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: mixing: respectively pouring the raw materials of the tread friction body and the solid lubricating block into a mixer according to parts by weight, and mixing for 25min;
s2: preparing a tread friction body: mixing the raw materials of the tread friction body, removing bubbles in vacuum, pouring into a preheated mold at 90 ℃, baking for 18min, demolding, and baking at 80 ℃ for 11h to obtain a tread friction body blank;
s3: preparing a solid lubrication block: mixing the raw materials of the solid lubricating block, mixing for 15min at 100 ℃, placing the mixed mixture into a tread friction body blank mold which is not demoulded in the step S2, performing compression molding at 160 ℃ for 5min, and then cooling the mold to 30 ℃ to obtain a grinding sub-blank;
s4: hot pressing: placing the blank material of the grinder obtained in the step S3 into a hot press, then performing bidirectional pressing under 1800MPa, wherein the bidirectional pressing temperature is 155 ℃, the time is 2 hours, then heating the product obtained after the bidirectional pressing to 600 ℃ at a heating rate of 5 ℃/min under a protective atmosphere, and preserving heat for 30 minutes to obtain an integrally formed grinder;
s5: secondary curing: and (3) taking out the grinder obtained in the step (S4) from the die, putting the grinder into a curing furnace for secondary curing, and fixing the grinder at 150 ℃ for 8 hours to obtain a grinder finished product.
Example 3
A grinder, the grinder includes integrated into one piece's tread friction body 1 and solid lubricating block 2, wherein:
the tread friction body 1 is used for contacting with the tread of a wheel, and comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30 parts of phenolic resin, 25 parts of iron powder, 15 parts of copper fibers, 10 parts of magnesium oxide, 8 parts of potassium feldspar, 5 parts of graphite and 10 parts of cellulose fibers;
the solid lubricating block 2 is used for contacting with the wheel rim of the wheel, and comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15 parts of CuSn10 alloy, 5 parts of adhesive and 8 parts of lubricating component, wherein the lubricating component consists of molybdenum disulfide, graphite and modified polytetrafluoroethylene, and the mass ratio of the components is molybdenum disulfide to graphite to modified polytetrafluoroethylene=5:3:1.
In this embodiment, the modification process of the modified polytetrafluoroethylene specifically includes: dissolving polytetrafluoroethylene with the particle size of 3 mu m by using ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, adding poly (p-hydroxybenzoate) with the particle size of 7 mu m and expanded graphite with the expansion rate of 100mL/g into the mixture after dissolving, then dripping a silane coupling agent into the mixture after dissolving, putting the obtained mixed solution into an ultrasonic container for ultrasonic treatment, uniformly mixing, drying the obtained mixture, and then carrying out cold pressing and sintering to obtain the modified polytetrafluoroethylene.
In the embodiment, the adhesive consists of phenolic resin, furfural and dibutyl ester, and the mass ratio of the components is phenolic resin, furfural and dibutyl ester=8:1.5:1.
The preparation method of the grinder is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: mixing: respectively pouring the raw materials of the tread friction body and the solid lubricating block into a mixer according to parts by weight, and mixing for 30min;
s2: preparing a tread friction body: mixing the raw materials of the tread friction body, removing bubbles in vacuum, pouring into a preheated mold at 100 ℃, baking for 15min, demolding, and baking at 85 ℃ for 10h to obtain a tread friction body blank;
s3: preparing a solid lubrication block: mixing the raw materials of the solid lubricating block, mixing at 110 ℃ for 5min, placing the mixed mixture into a tread friction body blank mold which is not demoulded in the step S2, performing compression molding, wherein the compression molding temperature is 180 ℃ and the time is 1min, and then cooling the mold to 50 ℃ to obtain a grinding sub-blank;
s4: hot pressing: placing the blank material of the grinder obtained in the step S3 into a hot press, then carrying out bidirectional pressing under 2200MPa, wherein the bidirectional pressing temperature is 160 ℃, the time is 1h, then heating the product obtained after the bidirectional pressing to 900 ℃ at the heating rate of 8 ℃/min under the protection atmosphere, and preserving the temperature for 20min to obtain the integrally formed grinder;
s5: secondary curing: and (3) taking out the grinder obtained in the step (S4) from the die, putting the grinder into a curing furnace for secondary curing, and fixing the grinder at 180 ℃ for 6 hours to obtain a grinder finished product.
Comparative example 1
A grinder, the grinder includes integrated into one piece's tread friction body 1 and solid lubricating block 2, wherein:
the tread friction body 1 is used for contacting with the tread of a wheel, and comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30 parts of phenolic resin, 25 parts of iron powder, 15 parts of copper fibers, 10 parts of magnesium oxide, 8 parts of potassium feldspar, 5 parts of graphite and 10 parts of cellulose fibers;
the solid lubricating block 2 is used for contacting with the wheel rim of the wheel, and comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15 parts of CuSn10 alloy, 5 parts of adhesive and 8 parts of lubricating component, wherein the lubricating component consists of molybdenum disulfide, graphite and polytetrafluoroethylene, and the mass ratio of the components is molybdenum disulfide to graphite to polytetrafluoroethylene=5:3:1.
In the embodiment, the adhesive consists of phenolic resin, furfural and dibutyl ester, and the mass ratio of the components is phenolic resin, furfural and dibutyl ester=8:1.5:1.
The preparation method of the grinder is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: mixing: respectively pouring the raw materials of the tread friction body and the solid lubricating block into a mixer according to parts by weight, and mixing for 30min;
s2: preparing a tread friction body: mixing the raw materials of the tread friction body, removing bubbles in vacuum, pouring into a preheated mold at 100 ℃, baking for 15min, demolding, and baking at 85 ℃ for 10h to obtain a tread friction body blank;
s3: preparing a solid lubrication block: mixing the raw materials of the solid lubricating block, mixing at 110 ℃ for 5min, placing the mixed mixture into a tread friction body blank mold which is not demoulded in the step S2, performing compression molding, wherein the compression molding temperature is 180 ℃ and the time is 1min, and then cooling the mold to 50 ℃ to obtain a grinding sub-blank;
s4: hot pressing: placing the blank material of the grinder obtained in the step S3 into a hot press, then carrying out bidirectional pressing under 2200MPa, wherein the bidirectional pressing temperature is 160 ℃, the time is 1h, then heating the product obtained after the bidirectional pressing to 900 ℃ at the heating rate of 8 ℃/min under the protection atmosphere, and preserving the temperature for 20min to obtain the integrally formed grinder;
s5: secondary curing: and (3) taking out the grinder obtained in the step (S4) from the die, putting the grinder into a curing furnace for secondary curing, and fixing the grinder at 180 ℃ for 6 hours to obtain a grinder finished product.
Physical and mechanical property test:
the physical and mechanical properties of each of the samples of the grinders prepared in examples 1 to 3 and comparative example 1 were tested, including Hardness (HRR), impact strength and compressive strength of the solid lubricant, and coefficient of friction of the solid lubricant and the tread friction, and overall wear, with reference to the experimental criteria in table 1.
Table 1: experimental criteria
| Physical and mechanical performance index | Standard of experiment to be referred to |
| Hardness (HRR) | GB/T9342-1988 |
| Impact Strength | GB/T1043.1-2008 |
| Compressive Strength | GB/T1041-2008 |
| Coefficient of friction | GB5763-2008 |
| Abrasion loss | GB5763-2008 |
See table 2 for test results:
table 2: experimental results
As can be seen from the results in Table 2, the overall performance of the grinders prepared in examples 1-3 of the present application meets the requirements, which means that the use of the lubricant block can indeed reduce wear, and the addition of molybdenum disulfide and graphite to the lubricant block has the function of improving sliding characteristics, and the proposal can be put into practical use.
In addition, the solid lubricant blocks of the grinders prepared in examples 1-3 of the present application have significantly improved impact strength relative to comparative example 1, while the Hardness (HRR) and compressive strength are not significantly different from comparative example 1. In addition, the abrasion loss of the abrasives produced in examples 1 to 3 of the present application was significantly reduced in terms of the overall abrasion loss relative to comparative example 1. Therefore, the polytetrafluoroethylene is modified by the poly-p-hydroxybenzoate in the lubricating block under the action of the coupling agent, so that the impact strength and the wear resistance of the lubricating block are improved, and the consumption speed of the fixed lubricating block can be reduced.
The foregoing examples illustrate only a few embodiments of the application and are described in detail herein without thereby limiting the scope of the application. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the application, which are all within the scope of the application.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a grinder, its characterized in that, the grinder includes integrated into one piece's tread friction body (1) and solid lubricating block (2), wherein:
the tread friction body (1) is used for contacting with the tread of a wheel, and comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of phenolic resin, 20-25 parts of iron powder, 10-15 parts of copper fibers, 6-10 parts of magnesium oxide, 4-8 parts of potassium feldspar, 2-5 parts of graphite and 1-10 parts of cellulose fibers;
the solid lubricating block (2) is used for contacting with the wheel rim of the wheel, and comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-15 parts of CuSn10 alloy, 2-5 parts of adhesive and 2-8 parts of lubricating component, wherein the lubricating component consists of molybdenum disulfide, graphite and modified polytetrafluoroethylene, and the mass ratio of the components is that the molybdenum disulfide is graphite and the modified polytetrafluoroethylene is=3-5:2-3:1;
the modification process of the modified polytetrafluoroethylene specifically comprises the following steps: dissolving polytetrafluoroethylene with the particle size of 1-3 mu m by using an organic solvent, adding poly-p-hydroxybenzoic acid phenyl ester with the particle size of 5-7 mu m and expanded graphite with the expansion rate of 80-100mL/g into the solution, dripping a silane coupling agent into the solution after the dissolution, putting the obtained mixed solution into an ultrasonic container for ultrasonic treatment, uniformly mixing, drying the obtained mixture, and performing cold pressing sintering to obtain the modified polytetrafluoroethylene.
2. The mill of claim 1 wherein the organic solvent is any one of xylene, ethylene glycol monoethyl ether, ethylene glycol monobutyl ether.
3. The grinder of claim 1, wherein the adhesive comprises phenolic resin, furfural and dibutyl ester, and the mass ratio of the components is phenolic resin to furfural to dibutyl ester=5-8:0.8-1.5:1.
4. A method of preparing a grinder as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising the steps of:
s1: mixing: respectively pouring the raw materials of the tread friction body and the solid lubricating block into a mixer according to parts by weight, and mixing for 15-30min;
s2: preparing a tread friction body: mixing the raw materials of the tread friction body, removing bubbles in vacuum, pouring into a preheated mold at 80-100 ℃, baking for 15-20min, demolding, and baking at 75-85 ℃ for 10-12h to obtain a tread friction body blank;
s3: preparing a solid lubrication block: mixing the raw materials of the solid lubricating block, mixing for 5-25min at 90-110 ℃, placing the mixed mixture into a tread friction body blank mold which is not demoulded in the step S2, performing compression molding at 140-180 ℃ for 1-10min, and then cooling the mold to 10-50 ℃ to obtain a grinding sub-blank;
s4: hot pressing: placing the blank material of the grinding mill obtained in the step S3 into a hot press, then carrying out bidirectional pressing under 1100-2200MPa, heating the product obtained after bidirectional pressing to 300-900 ℃ at a heating rate of 3-8 ℃/min under a protective atmosphere, and preserving heat for 20-40min to obtain an integrally formed grinding mill;
s5: secondary curing: and (3) taking out the grinder obtained in the step (S4) from the die, putting the grinder into a curing furnace for secondary curing, and fixing the grinder at 130-180 ℃ for 6-10 hours to obtain a grinder finished product.
5. The method of preparing a grinder according to claim 4, wherein in the step S4, the bi-directional pressing is performed at a temperature of 150-160 ℃ for a time of 1-3 hours.
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