CN115194456B - Automatic shaft-changing and diameter-reducing screwing device and control method - Google Patents
Automatic shaft-changing and diameter-reducing screwing device and control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN115194456B CN115194456B CN202211129596.6A CN202211129596A CN115194456B CN 115194456 B CN115194456 B CN 115194456B CN 202211129596 A CN202211129596 A CN 202211129596A CN 115194456 B CN115194456 B CN 115194456B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P19/00—Machines for simply fitting together or separating metal parts or objects, or metal and non-metal parts, whether or not involving some deformation; Tools or devices therefor so far as not provided for in other classes
- B23P19/04—Machines for simply fitting together or separating metal parts or objects, or metal and non-metal parts, whether or not involving some deformation; Tools or devices therefor so far as not provided for in other classes for assembling or disassembling parts
- B23P19/06—Screw or nut setting or loosening machines
- B23P19/069—Multi-spindle machines
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P2700/00—Indexing scheme relating to the articles being treated, e.g. manufactured, repaired, assembled, connected or other operations covered in the subgroups
- B23P2700/50—Other automobile vehicle parts, i.e. manufactured in assembly lines
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Abstract
The invention provides a screwing device with an automatic variable shaft and variable diameter and a control method, and relates to the technical field of vehicle body assembly.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of vehicle body assembly, in particular to a screwing device capable of automatically changing a shaft and a diameter and a control method.
Background
At present, most assembly production lines of automobile factories need flexible switching production of multiple automobile types, mixed production of four-axis and five-axis automobile types or five-axis and six-axis automobile types with tires can be frequently encountered on the same platform, circumferential distances of screwed bolts of different automobile types are inconsistent when the automobile types are the same in number of axes, and reducing is needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The problem to be solved by the invention is how to tighten a plurality of bolts with different shaft numbers and different radiuses on a wheel system.
Therefore, the invention provides a tightening device capable of automatically changing a shaft and a diameter, which comprises a support frame, a first single-shaft mechanism, a second single-shaft mechanism and a plurality of third single-shaft mechanisms,
the first single-shaft mechanism comprises a first tightening shaft and a first reducing assembly, the first reducing assembly is in driving connection with the first tightening shaft so as to enable the first tightening shaft to move along the radial direction of the first tightening shaft,
the second single-shaft mechanism comprises a second tightening shaft, a first variable-diameter component and a third variable-diameter component, the first variable-diameter component is in driving connection with the second tightening shaft so as to enable the second tightening shaft to move along the axial direction of the second tightening shaft, the third variable-diameter component is in driving connection with the second tightening shaft so as to enable the second tightening shaft to move along the radial direction of the second tightening shaft,
the third single-shaft mechanism comprises a third tightening shaft, a second variable-diameter component and a fourth variable-diameter component, the second variable-diameter component and the fourth variable-diameter component are arranged in a radial direction of the third tightening shaft in a crossed mode, the second variable-diameter component is in driving connection with the third tightening shaft so that the third tightening shaft rotates by taking the center of the support frame as an axis, the second variable-diameter component is in driving connection with the third tightening shaft so that the third tightening shaft moves along the radial direction of the third tightening shaft, and the fourth variable-diameter component is in driving connection with the third tightening shaft so that the third tightening shaft moves along the radial direction of the third tightening shaft,
the first reducing assembly, the second reducing assembly, the third reducing assembly, the fourth reducing assembly, the first variable shaft assembly and the second variable shaft assembly are all connected with the support frame.
Optionally, first reducing subassembly includes that first reducing is locked with guide rail for guide rail, first reducing is used for following guide rail direction is in the footpath of first reducing is removed, guide rail lock for first reducing is used for restricting first reducing is followed guide rail direction is in the footpath of first reducing is removed.
Optionally, the first change shaft assembly includes a first change shaft guide and a first change shaft cylinder, and the first change shaft cylinder is in driving connection with the second tightening shaft to move the second tightening shaft in an axial direction of the second tightening shaft along the first change shaft guide.
Optionally, the first shaft changing cylinder is a lock cylinder.
Optionally, the second diameter-changing assembly includes a second diameter-changing guide rail and a second diameter-changing guide rail lock, the third tightening shaft is configured to move in a radial direction of the third tightening shaft along the second diameter-changing guide rail, and the second diameter-changing guide rail lock is configured to limit the third tightening shaft from moving in the radial direction of the third tightening shaft along the second diameter-changing guide rail.
Optionally, the third diameter-changing assembly includes a third diameter-changing guide rail and a third diameter-changing guide rail lock, the second tightening shaft is configured to move in a radial direction of the second tightening shaft along the third diameter-changing guide rail, and the third diameter-changing guide rail lock is configured to limit the second tightening shaft to move in the radial direction of the second tightening shaft along the third diameter-changing guide rail.
Optionally, the fourth diameter-changing assembly includes a fourth diameter-changing guide rail and a fourth diameter-changing guide rail lock, the third tightening shaft is configured to move in a radial direction of the third tightening shaft along the fourth diameter-changing guide rail, and the fourth diameter-changing guide rail lock is configured to limit the third tightening shaft to move in the radial direction of the third tightening shaft along the fourth diameter-changing guide rail.
Optionally, still include the reducing plate, the reducing plate with the support frame is connected, a plurality of reducing grooves have been seted up on the reducing plate, first unipolar mechanism the second unipolar mechanism reaches third unipolar mechanism all includes the axle for the reducing, the reducing with axle with reducing groove sliding connection, the reducing plate is used for driving first unipolar mechanism the second unipolar mechanism reaches third unipolar mechanism removes.
Optionally, the first single-axis mechanism, the second single-axis mechanism and the third single-axis mechanism further include a bearing for diameter changing, and the bearing sleeve for diameter changing is arranged on the shaft for diameter changing.
Compared with the prior art, the automatic shaft-changing and diameter-changing screwing device has the beneficial effects that:
the first diameter-variable tightening shaft, the second diameter-variable tightening shaft and the four third tightening shafts are positioned on the same circle on a horizontal plane, the first tightening shaft, the second tightening shaft and the four third tightening shafts form an included angle of 60 degrees, the first diameter-variable tightening shaft drives the first tightening shaft to move in the first diameter-variable tightening shaft direction, the second diameter-variable tightening shaft drives the four third tightening shafts to rotate around the center of the support frame to the position shown in the figure, the first tightening shaft, the second tightening shaft and the four third tightening shafts form an included angle of 60 degrees, the first diameter-variable tightening shaft drives the first tightening shaft to move in the first diameter-variable tightening shaft direction, the first tightening shaft, the second tightening shaft and the four third tightening shafts move in the first diameter-variable tightening shaft direction, the fourth diameter-variable tightening shaft drives the four third tightening shafts to move in the second diameter-variable tightening shaft direction, the fourth diameter-variable tightening shaft and the fourth diameter-variable tightening shaft move in the radial direction, and the fourth diameter-variable tightening shaft moves in the radial direction along the radial direction, and the fourth diameter-variable tightening shaft moves along the radial direction; when a five-axle vehicle type needs to be switched, the first variable-diameter component drives the second tightening shaft to move upwards along the direction of the first variable-diameter component, meanwhile, the second variable-diameter component drives four third tightening shafts to rotate around the center of the support frame as an axis to the positions shown in the figure, the first tightening shaft and the four third tightening shafts are located on the same circle on the horizontal plane, the included angle between every two first tightening shafts and the four third tightening shafts is 72 degrees, then, the first variable-diameter component drives the first tightening shaft to move outwards along the direction of the first variable-diameter component in the radial direction of the first tightening shaft, meanwhile, the second variable-diameter component drives the four third tightening shafts to move outwards along the direction of the second variable-diameter component in the radial direction of the third tightening shaft, the moving distance of the first tightening shaft and the four third tightening shafts is determined according to actual conditions, and the moved first tightening shaft and the four third tightening shafts are opposite to bolts of the five-axle vehicle type, the next step of screwing is facilitated, the first variable-diameter component is arranged to drive the second screwing shaft in the axial direction of the second screwing shaft, the second variable-diameter component is arranged to drive the third screwing shaft in the radial direction of the third screwing shaft, the screwing device with the variable diameter of the automatic variable shaft can be switched between a five-shaft vehicle type and a six-shaft vehicle type, the automatic variable-shaft function is realized, bolts with different shaft numbers are screwed, the first variable-diameter component is arranged to drive the first screwing shaft, the second variable-diameter component is arranged to drive the third screwing shaft, the screwing device with the variable diameter of the automatic variable shaft can be aligned to the bolts of the five-shaft vehicle type, the first variable-diameter component is arranged to drive the first screwing shaft, the third variable-diameter component is arranged to drive the second screwing shaft, the fourth variable-diameter component is arranged to drive the third screwing shaft, the screwing device with the variable diameter of the automatic variable shaft can be aligned to the bolts of the six-shaft vehicle type, and the automatic variable-diameter function is realized, and screwing bolts with different radiuses.
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention further provides a method for controlling an automatic shaft-changing and diameter-reducing tightening apparatus, which is used for the automatic shaft-changing and diameter-reducing tightening apparatus, and includes the steps of:
selecting a first working mode or a second working mode;
if the first working mode is adopted, controlling the second variable shaft assemblies of the tightening devices to drive the third variable shaft assemblies of the plurality of tightening devices to move to the first position, and controlling the first variable shaft assemblies of the tightening devices to drive the second tightening shafts of the tightening devices to move along the first variable shaft assemblies towards the direction of the bolt to be tightened;
controlling a first reducing assembly of the tightening device to drive a first tightening shaft of the tightening device to move along the radial direction of the first reducing assembly on the first tightening shaft, controlling a third reducing assembly of the tightening device to drive a second tightening shaft to move along the radial direction of the third reducing assembly on the second tightening shaft, and controlling a fourth reducing assembly of the tightening device to drive a third tightening shaft of the tightening device to move along the radial direction of the fourth reducing assembly on the third tightening shaft;
if the working mode is the second working mode, controlling the second variable shaft assembly to drive the plurality of third variable shaft assemblies to move to a second position, and controlling the first variable shaft assembly to drive the second tightening shaft to move along the first variable shaft assembly in a direction away from the bolt to be tightened;
the first reducing assembly is controlled to drive the first tightening shaft to move along the radial direction of the first tightening shaft along the first reducing assembly, and the second reducing assembly of the tightening device is controlled to drive the third tightening shaft to move along the radial direction of the third tightening shaft along the second reducing assembly.
Compared with the prior art, the control method of the automatic shaft-changing and diameter-changing screwing device provided by the invention has the technical effect which is approximately the same as that of the automatic shaft-changing and diameter-changing screwing device, and the description is omitted.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an automatic shaft-changing and diameter-reducing tightening device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a second schematic structural diagram of the automatic shaft-changing and diameter-changing tightening device according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating the positions of a first single-axis mechanism, a second single-axis mechanism and a plurality of third single-axis mechanisms according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a second schematic position diagram of the first single-axis mechanism, the second single-axis mechanism and a plurality of third single-axis mechanisms according to the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a first single-axis mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a second single-axis mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a third single-axis mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic view of a connection structure between the electric control mechanism and the diameter-changing plate according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a reducer plate according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a flowchart of a control method of the tightening device capable of automatically changing the shaft and the diameter according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1-a support frame; 2-a first tightening shaft; 3-a second tightening shaft; 4-a third tightening shaft; 5-a first reducing assembly; 6-a first variable shaft assembly; 7-a third reducing assembly; 8-a second variable shaft assembly; 9-a second reducing assembly; (ii) a 11-a fourth reducing assembly; 51-a first diameter-changing guide rail; 52-a first diameter-changing guide rail lock; 61-a first variable axis guide rail; 62-a first variable-axis cylinder; 71-a third diameter-changing guide rail; 72-third diameter-changing guide rail lock; 91-a second diameter-changing guide rail; 92-a second diameter-changing guide rail lock; 101-a reducing plate; 102-a reducing groove; 104-reducing shaft; 105-a bearing for reducing; 106-support ball; 107-grooved plate guide wheels; 108-a servo motor; 111-a fourth diameter-changing guide rail; 112-fourth diameter-changing guide rail lock.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.
It should be noted that in the description of the present disclosure, the directions or positional relationships indicated by "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "front", "rear", "inner" and "outer" are used as the directions or positional relationships indicated in the drawings, which are only for convenience of describing the present disclosure, but do not indicate or imply that the device referred to must have a specific direction, be configured and operated in a specific direction, and thus, should not be interpreted as limiting the scope of the present disclosure.
The terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the feature.
Moreover, although the invention herein has been described with reference to particular embodiments, it is to be understood that these embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and applications of the present invention. It is therefore to be understood that numerous modifications may be made to the illustrative embodiments and that other arrangements may be devised without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims. It should be understood that features described in different dependent claims and herein may be combined in ways other than as described in the original claims. It is also to be understood that features described in connection with individual embodiments may be used in other described embodiments.
To solve the above problems, as shown in fig. 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8, the present invention provides an automatic variable-diameter tightening device, which comprises a support frame 1, a first single-axis mechanism, a second single-axis mechanism and a plurality of third single-axis mechanisms,
the first single-shaft mechanism comprises a first tightening shaft 2 and a first reducing component 5, the first reducing component 5 is in driving connection with the first tightening shaft 2 so as to enable the first tightening shaft 2 to move along the radial direction of the first tightening shaft 2,
the second single-shaft mechanism comprises a second tightening shaft 3, a first variable-shaft assembly 6 and a third variable-diameter assembly 7, the first variable-shaft assembly 6 is in driving connection with the second tightening shaft 3 so as to enable the second tightening shaft 3 to move along the axial direction of the second tightening shaft 3, the third variable-diameter assembly 7 is in driving connection with the second tightening shaft 3 so as to enable the second tightening shaft 3 to move along the radial direction of the second tightening shaft 3,
the third single-shaft mechanism comprises a third tightening shaft 4, a second variable-diameter component 8, a second variable-diameter component 9 and a fourth variable-diameter component 11, the second variable-diameter component 9 and the fourth variable-diameter component 11 are arranged in a radial direction of the third tightening shaft 4 in a crossed manner, the second variable-diameter component 8 is in driving connection with the third tightening shaft 4 so that the third tightening shaft 4 rotates by taking the center of the support frame 1 as an axis, the second variable-diameter component 9 is in driving connection with the third tightening shaft 4 so that the third tightening shaft 4 moves along the radial direction of the third tightening shaft 4, the fourth variable-diameter component 11 is in driving connection with the third tightening shaft 4 so that the third tightening shaft 4 moves along the radial direction of the third tightening shaft 4,
the first reducing assembly 5, the second reducing assembly 9, the third reducing assembly 7, the fourth reducing assembly 11, the first variable shaft assembly 6 and the second variable shaft assembly 8 are all connected with the support frame 1.
In the embodiment, by arranging the support frame 1, the first reducing assembly 5, the second reducing assembly 9, the third reducing assembly 7, the fourth reducing assembly 11, the first variable shaft assembly 6 and the second variable shaft assembly 8 are all connected with the support frame 1, so that the first single-shaft mechanism, the second single-shaft mechanism and the plurality of third single-shaft mechanisms are all connected with the support frame 1, wherein, the number of the third single-shaft mechanisms can be four, at the moment, the tightening device with the automatic variable shaft and the variable diameter can be switched between a five-shaft vehicle type and a six-shaft vehicle type, when the six-axle vehicle type needs to be switched, the first variable axle assembly 6 drives the second tightening axle 3 to move downwards along the direction of the first variable axle assembly 6, at the same time, the second transmission assembly 8 drives the four third tightening shafts 4 to rotate around the center of the supporting frame 1, to the position shown in fig. 4, the first tightening shaft 2, the second tightening shaft 3 and the four third tightening shafts 4, on the same circle on the horizontal plane, the first tightening shaft 2, the second tightening shaft 3 and the four third tightening shafts 4 form an included angle of 60 degrees, and then the first reducing assembly 5 drives the first tightening shaft 2 to move outwards along the direction of the first reducing assembly 5 in the radial direction of the first tightening shaft 2, meanwhile, the third reducing assembly 7 drives the second tightening shaft 3 to move outwards in the radial direction of the second tightening shaft 3 along the direction of the third reducing assembly 7, the fourth reducing assembly 11 drives the four third tightening shafts 4 to move outwards in the radial direction of the third tightening shaft 4 along the direction of the fourth reducing assembly 11, the moving distances of the first tightening shaft 2, the second tightening shaft 3 and the four third tightening shafts 4 are determined according to actual conditions, and the moved first tightening shaft 2, the moved second tightening shaft 3 and the moved four third tightening shafts 4 are opposite to the bolts of a six-shaft vehicle type, so that the next-step tightening is convenient; when a five-axle vehicle type needs to be switched, the first variable-diameter assembly 6 drives the second tightening shaft 3 to move upwards along the first variable-diameter assembly 6, meanwhile, the second variable-diameter assembly 8 drives the four third tightening shafts 4 to rotate around the center of the support frame 1 as an axis, and the positions shown in fig. 3 are reached, the first tightening shaft 2 and the four third tightening shafts 4 are located on the same circle on the horizontal plane, the included angle between every two first tightening shaft 2 and every two fourth third tightening shafts 4 is 72 degrees, then, the first variable-diameter assembly 5 drives the first tightening shaft 2 to move outwards along the first variable-diameter assembly 5 direction in the radial direction of the first tightening shaft 2, meanwhile, the second variable-diameter assembly 9 drives the four third tightening shafts 4 to move outwards along the second variable-diameter assembly 9 direction in the radial direction of the third tightening shaft 4, and the moving distances of the first tightening shaft 2 and the four third tightening shafts 4 are determined according to actual conditions, the moved first tightening shaft 2 and four third tightening shafts 4 are opposite to bolts of five-axle vehicles, so that the next tightening can be conveniently carried out, the second tightening shaft 3 is driven in the axial direction of the second tightening shaft 3 by arranging the first variable shaft assembly 6, the third tightening shaft 4 is driven in the radial direction of the third tightening shaft 4 by arranging the second variable shaft assembly 8, the automatic variable shaft tightening device can be switched between the five-axle vehicle and six-axle vehicle, the automatic variable shaft function is realized, bolts with different shaft numbers are tightened, the first variable diameter assembly 5 is arranged to drive the first tightening shaft 2, the second variable diameter assembly 9 is arranged to drive the third tightening shaft 4, the automatic variable shaft variable diameter tightening device can be aligned to the bolts of the five-axle vehicle, the first variable diameter assembly 5 is arranged to drive the first tightening shaft 2, the third variable diameter assembly 7 is arranged to drive the second tightening shaft 3, and the fourth variable diameter assembly 11 is arranged to drive the third tightening shaft 4, the automatic variable-diameter screwing device can be aligned to the bolts of six-axle vehicles, the automatic variable-diameter effect is achieved, and the bolts with different radiuses are screwed.
Specifically, the support frame 1 may be a plate-shaped structure with a circular hole formed in the middle, and the first single-axis mechanism, the second single-axis mechanism and the plurality of third single-axis mechanisms are all arranged in the circular hole; the number of the third single-shaft mechanisms can be three, so that the automatic variable-shaft and variable-diameter screwing device can be switched between a four-shaft vehicle type and a five-shaft vehicle type, the working principle is the same as that of the automatic variable-shaft and variable-diameter screwing device, and the switching is not specifically limited; the second variator assembly 8 may be a cylinder.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 5, the first diameter changing assembly 5 includes a first diameter changing guide rail 51 and a first diameter changing guide rail lock 52, the first tightening shaft 2 is configured to move in a radial direction of the first tightening shaft 2 along a direction of the first diameter changing guide rail 51, and the first diameter changing guide rail lock 52 is configured to limit the first tightening shaft 2 to move in the radial direction of the first tightening shaft 2 along a direction of the first diameter changing guide rail 51.
In this embodiment, through setting up first for the reducing guide rail 51, first for the reducing guide rail 51 is connected with support frame 1 and first screwing up axle 2, first for the reducing guide rail lock 52 sets up on first for the reducing guide rail 51, make first screwing up axle 2 can follow first for the reducing guide rail 51 direction and remove, because the tightening device of automatic reducing axle is when the switching between different axle number motorcycle types, the position of first screwing up axle 2 is unchangeable, so first screwing up axle 2 does not need to change the axle, only need through first for the reducing guide rail 51 realize the reducing effect can, when first screwing up axle 2 moves to treating the bolt position, fix first screwing up axle 2 on first for the reducing guide rail 51 through first for the reducing guide rail lock 52, prevent that first screwing up axle 2 from taking place the position change because of the vibration, strengthen the stability of structure.
Alternatively, as shown in fig. 6, the first change shaft assembly 6 includes a first change shaft guide 61 and a first change shaft cylinder 62, and the first change shaft cylinder 62 is drivingly connected to the second tightening shaft 3 to move the second tightening shaft 3 in the axial direction of the second tightening shaft 3 along the first change shaft guide 61.
In the present embodiment, the first variable axis guide 61 is connected to the support frame 1 and the second tightening axis 3, and is arranged to face away from the tire, so that the second tightening axis 3 is movable along the first variable axis guide 61, when it is necessary to switch to a six-axis model, the second tightening axis 3 is movable down along the first variable axis guide 61, when it is necessary to switch to a five-axis model, the second tightening axis 3 is movable up along the first variable axis guide 61, and a variable axis space is provided for the plurality of third tightening axes 4, so as to facilitate switching between models having different number of axes, and the angle formed between the first variable axis guide 61 and the support frame 1 is not particularly limited as long as it is satisfied that the second tightening axis 3 is movable up along the first variable axis guide 61, and a variable axis space is provided for the plurality of third tightening axes 4, and the first variable axis air cylinder 62 is provided, and is connected to the second tightening axis 3 and the first variable axis guide 61, so as to provide power for the second tightening axis 3, and drive the second tightening axis guide 61 to move along the second tightening axis guide 61.
Alternatively, as shown in fig. 6, the first variable axis cylinder 62 is a lock cylinder.
In the present embodiment, the first shaft changing cylinder 62 is provided as a lock cylinder, and when the second tightening shaft 3 moves to a predetermined position, the second tightening shaft 3 can be fixed to the first shaft changing guide rail 61 by the first shaft changing cylinder 62, thereby preventing the second tightening shaft 3 from changing in position due to vibration and enhancing the stability of the structure.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 7, the second diameter changing assembly 9 includes a second diameter changing guide rail 91 and a second diameter changing guide rail lock 92, the third tightening shaft 4 is configured to move in a radial direction of the third tightening shaft 4 along a direction of the second diameter changing guide rail 91, and the second diameter changing guide rail lock 92 is configured to limit the third tightening shaft 4 from moving in a radial direction of the third tightening shaft 4 along a direction of the second diameter changing guide rail 91.
In the present embodiment, the second diameter-changing guide rail 91 is provided, the second diameter-changing guide rail 91 is connected to the support frame 1 and the third tightening shaft 4, and the second diameter-changing guide rail lock 92 is provided on the second diameter-changing guide rail 91, so that the third tightening shaft 4 can move in the direction of the second diameter-changing guide rail 91 when the five-axis vehicle type is switched, thereby realizing the function of automatic diameter changing, and when the position of the bolt to be tightened is reached, the third tightening shaft 4 is fixed to the second diameter-changing guide rail 91 by the second diameter-changing guide rail lock 92, thereby preventing the position of the third tightening shaft 4 from changing due to vibration, and enhancing the stability of the structure.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 6, the third diameter-changing assembly 7 includes a third diameter-changing guide rail 71 and a third diameter-changing guide rail lock 72, the second tightening shaft 3 is configured to move in a radial direction of the second tightening shaft 3 along the third diameter-changing guide rail 71, and the third diameter-changing guide rail lock 72 is configured to limit the second tightening shaft 3 from moving in a radial direction of the second tightening shaft 3 along the third diameter-changing guide rail 71.
In this embodiment, the third diameter-changing guide rail 71 is provided, the third diameter-changing guide rail 71 of the second single-shaft mechanism is connected to the support frame 1 and the second tightening shaft 3, and the third diameter-changing guide rail lock 72 is provided on the third diameter-changing guide rail 71, so that the second tightening shaft 3 can move in the direction of the third diameter-changing guide rail 71 when the six-shaft vehicle type is switched, thereby realizing the function of automatically changing the diameter, and when the bolt is to be tightened, the second tightening shaft 3 is fixed to the third diameter-changing guide rail 71 by the third diameter-changing guide rail lock 72, thereby preventing the position of the second tightening shaft 3 from changing due to vibration, and enhancing the stability of the structure.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 7, the fourth diameter reduction assembly 11 includes a fourth diameter reduction guide rail 111 and a fourth diameter reduction guide rail lock 112, the third tightening shaft 4 is configured to move in a radial direction of the third tightening shaft 4 along the fourth diameter reduction guide rail 111, and the fourth diameter reduction guide rail lock 112 is configured to limit the third tightening shaft 4 from moving in a radial direction of the third tightening shaft 4 along the fourth diameter reduction guide rail 111.
In this embodiment, the fourth diameter-varying unit 11 is provided, the fourth diameter-varying guide rail 111 of the third single-shaft mechanism is connected to the support frame 1 and the third tightening shaft 4, and the fourth diameter-varying guide rail lock 112 is provided on the fourth diameter-varying guide rail 111, so that the third tightening shaft 4 can be moved in the direction of the fourth diameter-varying guide rail 111 when the six-shaft vehicle type is switched, thereby realizing the function of automatically varying the diameter, and the fourth diameter-varying guide rail lock 112 fixes the third tightening shaft 4 to the fourth diameter-varying guide rail 111 when the bolt is to be tightened, thereby preventing the position of the third tightening shaft 4 from being varied due to vibration, and enhancing the stability of the structure.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 1, 5, 6 and 7, the tightening device with automatic variable diameter shaft further includes a variable diameter plate 101, the variable diameter plate 101 is connected to the support frame 1, a plurality of variable diameter grooves 102 have been opened on the variable diameter plate 101, the first single-shaft mechanism, the second single-shaft mechanism and the third single-shaft mechanism all include a shaft 104 for variable diameter, the shaft 104 for variable diameter is connected to the variable diameter grooves 102 in a sliding manner, and the variable diameter plate 101 is used for driving the first single-shaft mechanism, the second single-shaft mechanism and the third single-shaft mechanism to move.
In this embodiment, through setting up reducing plate 101, reducing plate 101 is connected with support frame 1, reducing plate 101 can be hollow circular slab, a plurality of reducing grooves 102 have been seted up on reducing plate 101, first unipolar mechanism, second unipolar mechanism and third unipolar mechanism all are equipped with axle 104 for the reducing, the quantity and the reducing groove 102 quantity one-to-one of axle 104 for the reducing, axle 104 for the reducing can wear to locate reducing groove 102, when reducing plate 101 rotates, axle 104 slides in reducing groove 102 for the reducing, axle 104 rotates with reducing groove 102 for the reducing, in order to drive first unipolar mechanism, second unipolar mechanism and third unipolar mechanism rotate in step, make first unipolar mechanism, second unipolar mechanism and third unipolar mechanism realize synchronous reducing.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 8 and 9, the automatic variable-diameter screwing device further includes an electric control mechanism, the electric control mechanism may be a servo motor 108, the servo motor 108 is in driving connection with the variable-diameter plate 101 through a rack and pinion, a speed reducer may be disposed between the servo motor 108 and the rack and pinion, the variable-diameter plate 101 may be disposed on the platform and rotate relative to the platform, the platform is of a hollow structure, the rack and pinion penetrates through a hollow portion of the platform, the variable-diameter plate 101 and the servo motor 108 are connected, a supporting ball 106 is disposed between the platform and the variable-diameter plate 101, the supporting ball 106 may assist the variable-diameter plate 101 to rotate relative to the platform, the platform is further provided with a plurality of slotted plate guide wheels 107, the slotted plate guide wheels 107 are in sliding connection with peripheral side surfaces of the variable-diameter plate 101, the slotted plate guide wheels 107 play a positioning role when the variable-diameter plate 101 rotates to prevent the variable-diameter plate 101 from shifting when rotating, the servo motor 108 is used for driving the variable-diameter plate 101 to rotate, so as to drive the first single-axis mechanism, the second single-axis mechanism and the third single-axis mechanism to rotate, thereby achieving the automatic variable-diameter effect. The electric control mechanism may be electrically connected to the first tightening shaft 2, the second tightening shaft 3, and the third tightening shaft 4 to drive the first tightening shaft 2 to move along the first diameter-changing guide 51, the third tightening shaft 4 to move along the second diameter-changing guide 91, the second tightening shaft 3 to move along the third diameter-changing guide 71, and the third tightening shaft 4 to move along the fourth diameter-changing guide 111.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 1, fig. 2, fig. 5, fig. 6, and fig. 7, the first single-axis mechanism, the second single-axis mechanism, and the third single-axis mechanism further include a bearing 105 for diameter reduction, and the bearing 105 for diameter reduction is sleeved on the shaft 104 for diameter reduction.
In this embodiment, each of the first single-axis mechanism, the second single-axis mechanism, and the third single-axis mechanism further includes a diameter-changing bearing 105, the diameter-changing bearing 105 is sleeved on the diameter-changing shaft 104, and is used in cooperation with the diameter-changing shaft 104, and the auxiliary diameter-changing shaft 104 moves in the diameter-changing groove 102.
As shown in fig. 1, 5, 6, 7 and 10, another embodiment of the present invention provides a method for controlling an automatic shaft-changing and diameter-changing tightening device, which is used for the automatic shaft-changing and diameter-changing tightening device, and includes the following steps:
selecting a first working mode or a second working mode;
if the first working mode is adopted, controlling the second variable shaft assembly 8 of the tightening device to drive a plurality of third variable shaft assemblies of the tightening device to move to the first position, controlling the first variable shaft assembly 6 of the tightening device to drive the second tightening shafts 3 of the tightening device to move along the first variable shaft assembly 6 towards the direction of the bolt to be tightened;
controlling a first reducing assembly 5 of the tightening device to drive a first tightening shaft 2 of the tightening device to move along the first reducing assembly 5 in the radial direction of the first tightening shaft 2, controlling a third reducing assembly 7 of the tightening device to drive a second tightening shaft 3 to move along the third reducing assembly 7 in the radial direction of the second tightening shaft 3, and controlling a fourth reducing assembly 11 of the tightening device to drive a third tightening shaft 4 of the tightening device to move along the fourth reducing assembly 11 in the radial direction of the third tightening shaft 4;
if the second working mode is adopted, controlling the second variable shaft assembly 8 to drive a plurality of third variable shaft assemblies to move to a second position, and controlling the first variable shaft assembly 6 to drive the second tightening shaft 3 to move along the first variable shaft assembly 6 in a direction away from the bolt to be tightened;
the first reducing assembly 5 is controlled to drive the first tightening shaft 2 to move along the radial direction of the first tightening shaft 2 along the first reducing assembly 5, and the second reducing assembly 9 of the tightening device is controlled to drive the third tightening shaft 4 to move along the radial direction of the third tightening shaft 4 along the second reducing assembly 9.
In this embodiment, the technical effect of the control method of the tightening device with automatic shaft changing and diameter changing is substantially the same as that of the tightening device with automatic shaft changing and diameter changing in the above embodiments, and is not described herein again.
Specifically, the first working mode is a working mode switched to a six-axis vehicle type, the second working mode is a working mode switched to a five-axis vehicle type, the first positions are a first tightening shaft 2, a second tightening shaft 3 and four third tightening shafts 4 which are located on the same circle on a horizontal plane, and the included angles between every two first tightening shaft 2, the second tightening shaft 3 and the four third tightening shafts 4 are 60 degrees; the second positions are the first tightening shaft 2 and the four third tightening shafts 4 which are positioned on the same circle on the horizontal plane, and the included angle between every two first tightening shaft 2 and the four third tightening shafts 4 is 72 degrees.
Although the present disclosure has been described above, the scope of the present disclosure is not limited thereto. Various changes and modifications may be effected therein by one of ordinary skill in the pertinent art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure, and these changes and modifications are intended to be within the scope of the present disclosure.
Claims (5)
1. A tightening device capable of automatically changing a shaft and a diameter is characterized by comprising a support frame (1), a diameter changing plate (101), a first single-shaft mechanism, a second single-shaft mechanism and a plurality of third single-shaft mechanisms,
the first single-shaft mechanism comprises a first tightening shaft (2) and a first variable diameter component (5), the first variable diameter component (5) is in driving connection with the first tightening shaft (2) so that the first tightening shaft (2) can move along the radial direction of the first tightening shaft (2),
the first reducing assembly (5) comprises a first reducing guide rail (51) and a first reducing guide rail lock (52), the first screwing shaft (2) is used for moving along the radial direction of the first screwing shaft (2) along the direction of the first reducing guide rail (51), the first reducing guide rail lock (52) is used for limiting the first screwing shaft (2) to move along the radial direction of the first reducing guide rail (51) along the direction of the first screwing shaft (2),
the second single-shaft mechanism comprises a second tightening shaft (3), a first reducing shaft assembly (6) and a third reducing shaft assembly (7), the first reducing shaft assembly (6) is in driving connection with the second tightening shaft (3) so as to enable the second tightening shaft (3) to move along the axial direction of the second tightening shaft (3), the third reducing shaft assembly (7) is in driving connection with the second tightening shaft (3) so as to enable the second tightening shaft (3) to move along the radial direction of the second tightening shaft (3),
the first variable shaft assembly (6) comprises a first variable shaft guide rail (61) and a first variable shaft cylinder (62), the first variable shaft cylinder (62) is in driving connection with the second tightening shaft (3) so as to enable the second tightening shaft (3) to move along the first variable shaft guide rail (61) in the axial direction of the second tightening shaft (3), the first variable shaft cylinder (62) is a belt locking cylinder,
the third single-shaft mechanism comprises a third tightening shaft (4), a second variable-diameter component (8), a second variable-diameter component (9) and a fourth variable-diameter component (11), the second variable-diameter component (9) and the fourth variable-diameter component (11) are arranged in a radial direction of the third tightening shaft (4) in a crossed mode, the second variable-diameter component (8) is in driving connection with the third tightening shaft (4) so that the third tightening shaft (4) rotates by taking the center of the support frame (1) as an axis, the second variable-diameter component (9) is in driving connection with the third tightening shaft (4) so that the third tightening shaft (4) moves along the radial direction of the third tightening shaft (4), the fourth variable-diameter component (11) is in driving connection with the third tightening shaft (4) so that the third tightening shaft (4) moves along the radial direction of the third tightening shaft (4),
the first reducing assembly (5), the second reducing assembly (9), the third reducing assembly (7), the fourth reducing assembly (11), the first variable shaft assembly (6) and the second variable shaft assembly (8) are all connected with the support frame (1),
reducing plate (101) with support frame (1) is connected, a plurality of reducing grooves (102) have been seted up on reducing plate (101), first unipolar mechanism second unipolar mechanism reaches third unipolar mechanism all includes for the reducing axle (104) and for the reducing bearing (105), bearing (105) cover is established for the reducing on axle (104) for the reducing, for the reducing axle (104) with reducing groove (102) sliding connection, reducing plate (101) are used for driving first unipolar mechanism second unipolar mechanism reaches third unipolar mechanism removes.
2. The automatic shaft-changing and diameter-changing screwing device according to claim 1, wherein the second diameter-changing assembly (9) comprises a second diameter-changing guide rail (91) and a second diameter-changing guide rail lock (92), the third screwing shaft (4) is used for moving in a radial direction of the third screwing shaft (4) along the direction of the second diameter-changing guide rail (91), and the second diameter-changing guide rail lock (92) is used for limiting the third screwing shaft (4) from moving in the radial direction of the third screwing shaft (4) along the direction of the second diameter-changing guide rail (91).
3. The automatic shaft-changing and diameter-changing tightening device according to claim 1, wherein the third diameter-changing assembly (7) comprises a third diameter-changing guide rail (71) and a third diameter-changing guide rail lock (72), the second tightening shaft (3) is configured to move in a radial direction of the second tightening shaft (3) along the third diameter-changing guide rail (71), and the third diameter-changing guide rail lock (72) is configured to restrict the second tightening shaft (3) from moving in the radial direction of the second tightening shaft (3) along the third diameter-changing guide rail (71).
4. The automatic shaft-changing and diameter-changing screwing device according to claim 1, wherein the fourth diameter-changing assembly (11) comprises a fourth diameter-changing guide rail (111) and a fourth diameter-changing guide rail lock (112), the third screwing shaft (4) is configured to move in a radial direction of the third screwing shaft (4) along the direction of the fourth diameter-changing guide rail (111), and the fourth diameter-changing guide rail lock (112) is configured to limit the third screwing shaft (4) from moving in the radial direction of the third screwing shaft (4) along the direction of the fourth diameter-changing guide rail (111).
5. A control method of a screwing device capable of automatically changing a shaft and a diameter is characterized in that the method is used for the screwing device capable of automatically changing the shaft and the diameter according to any one of claims 1 to 4, and comprises the following steps:
selecting a first working mode or a second working mode;
if the first working mode is adopted, controlling a second variable shaft assembly (8) of the tightening devices to drive a third variable shaft assembly of a plurality of the tightening devices to move to a first position, and controlling a first variable shaft assembly (6) of the tightening devices to drive a second tightening shaft (3) of the tightening devices to move along the first variable shaft assembly (6) towards the direction of a bolt to be tightened;
controlling a first reducing assembly (5) of the tightening device to drive a first tightening shaft (2) of the tightening device to move along the first reducing assembly (5) in the radial direction of the first tightening shaft (2), controlling a third reducing assembly (7) of the tightening device to drive a second tightening shaft (3) to move along the third reducing assembly (7) in the radial direction of the second tightening shaft (3), and controlling a fourth reducing assembly (11) of the tightening device to drive a third tightening shaft (4) of the tightening device to move along the fourth reducing assembly (11) in the radial direction of the third tightening shaft (4);
if the second working mode is adopted, controlling the second variable shaft assembly (8) to drive a plurality of third variable shaft assemblies to move to a second position, and controlling the first variable shaft assembly (6) to drive the second tightening shaft (3) to move along the first variable shaft assembly (6) in a direction away from the bolt to be tightened;
control first reducing subassembly (5) drive first tightening shaft (2) are followed first reducing subassembly (5) are in the radial movement of first tightening shaft (2), control second reducing subassembly (9) drive of tightening device third tightening shaft (4) are removed and are followed second reducing subassembly (9) are in the radial movement of third tightening shaft (4).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211129596.6A CN115194456B (en) | 2022-09-16 | 2022-09-16 | Automatic shaft-changing and diameter-reducing screwing device and control method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202211129596.6A CN115194456B (en) | 2022-09-16 | 2022-09-16 | Automatic shaft-changing and diameter-reducing screwing device and control method |
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| CN115194456B true CN115194456B (en) | 2023-01-10 |
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| CN210615712U (en) * | 2019-09-17 | 2020-05-26 | 上海问得自动化科技有限公司 | Device is screwed up in multilateral angle conversion |
| FR3102526A3 (en) * | 2019-10-28 | 2021-04-30 | Benjamin Pion | Continuously variable transmission with planetary gear |
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| CN201895213U (en) * | 2010-11-19 | 2011-07-13 | 大连德新机电技术工程有限公司 | Six-shaft to five-shaft displacement tightening machine for automobile tires |
| CN102581607A (en) * | 2012-03-11 | 2012-07-18 | 东华大学 | Flexible multiple-axle tightening mechanism for wheels |
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|---|---|
| CN115194456A (en) | 2022-10-18 |
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