CN115194106B - Device and method for preparing wide continuous casting and rolling aluminum alloy plate - Google Patents
Device and method for preparing wide continuous casting and rolling aluminum alloy plate Download PDFInfo
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- CN115194106B CN115194106B CN202210853011.9A CN202210853011A CN115194106B CN 115194106 B CN115194106 B CN 115194106B CN 202210853011 A CN202210853011 A CN 202210853011A CN 115194106 B CN115194106 B CN 115194106B
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- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 105
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 89
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 89
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims 3
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 abstract description 25
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 16
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 20
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000006911 nucleation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002604 ultrasonography Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009210 therapy by ultrasound Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 3
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- -1 aluminum-titanium-boron Chemical compound 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000521 B alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005549 size reduction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000527 sonication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/06—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into moulds with travelling walls, e.g. with rolls, plates, belts, caterpillars
- B22D11/0622—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into moulds with travelling walls, e.g. with rolls, plates, belts, caterpillars formed by two casting wheels
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/10—Supplying or treating molten metal
- B22D11/108—Feeding additives, powders, or the like
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/10—Supplying or treating molten metal
- B22D11/11—Treating the molten metal
- B22D11/114—Treating the molten metal by using agitating or vibrating means
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/03—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Continuous Casting (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a device and a method for preparing a wide-width continuous casting and rolling aluminum alloy plate. The device comprises a smelting furnace, a launder I, a degassing box, a launder II, a filter box, a launder III, a bow-tie-shaped front box and a double-belt continuous casting machine which are sequentially connected in series; an ultrasonic rod (1) is arranged at the inlet end of the launder I; an ultrasonic rod (2) is arranged at the outlet end of the launder II; the device is used for an aluminum alloy continuous casting process, can mechanically stir high-speed flowing aluminum liquid and generate sonochemical effect, realizes ultrasonic auxiliary aluminum liquid degassing and impurity removal, grain refining process and strengthening homogenization process, improves segregation and nozzle blockage phenomena, is particularly suitable for a high-flux continuous casting process of the aluminum liquid with high flow velocity, and can obtain a high-quality wide aluminum alloy casting blank plate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a device and a method for preparing a wide continuous casting and rolling aluminum alloy plate, in particular to a device and a method for strengthening high-flux aluminum liquid homogenization by utilizing multi-source ultrasonic assistance, and belongs to the technical field of metal material metallurgical processing.
Background
The continuous casting and rolling process for producing aluminum and aluminum alloy plates and strips is valued worldwide for the advantages of short flow, high metal yield, energy conservation, consumption reduction, convenient realization of mechanization and automation, etc. At present, the continuous casting and rolling process is concentrated in rolling plates and strips to be applied, but is limited to 1XXX aluminum alloy and partial 3XXX, 5XXX and 8XXX aluminum alloy, and because the continuous casting and rolling aluminum liquid flow rate is high, the casting nozzle is easy to be blocked and the component segregation is easy to be caused, crystal grains in a microstructure of a casting blank are coarsened, and the surface quality of a final plate and strip is poor because no secondary treatment measures are taken in the production process.
Grain size and component segregation rate are key factors for determining the quality of continuous casting and rolling plates and strips, at present, the grain is refined by a method for adding a refiner in the industry generally, but the refiner has higher cost, is extremely easy to precipitate under high-speed flow, cannot generate better refining effect, and causes serious segregation. Therefore, the pretreatment of the aluminum alloy melt is particularly important for refining the grain size, improving the component segregation of the cast plate, improving the mechanical property and expanding the application range of the cast plate in the subsequent continuous casting and rolling process.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems of coarse grains, solute segregation and poor surface quality of aluminum alloy plates and strips in the existing continuous casting and rolling process of aluminum alloy plates and strips, the first aim of the invention is to provide a device for preparing wide continuous casting and rolling aluminum alloy plates and strips, which can effectively refine the microstructure of aluminum alloy, reduce the segregation degree of solute elements and refiner, improve the blocking phenomenon of a casting nozzle, improve the quality of casting blank plates obtained by continuous casting, and is particularly suitable for the process of high-flux continuous casting of aluminum alloy plates and strips of high-flow-rate aluminum liquid by arranging multi-source ultrasonic assistance to realize degassing and impurity removal, grain refinement and strengthening homogenization in the continuous casting process of aluminum liquid.
The second object of the invention is to provide a method for preparing a wide continuous casting and rolling aluminum alloy plate, which is realized based on the device, and the device utilizes multi-source ultrasound to assist in degassing and impurity removal of aluminum liquid, grain refinement and strengthening of a high-flux aluminum liquid homogenization process, so that the micro-solidification structure of the aluminum alloy can be effectively refined, the segregation degree of solute elements and refiners is reduced, and the quality of continuous casting plates and strips is improved.
In order to achieve the technical aim, the invention provides a device for preparing a wide continuous casting and rolling aluminum alloy plate, which comprises a smelting furnace, a launder I, a degassing tank, a launder II, a filter tank, a launder III, a bow-tie-shaped front tank and a double-belt continuous casting machine which are sequentially connected in series; an ultrasonic rod (1) is arranged at the inlet end of the launder I; an ultrasonic rod (2) is arranged at the outlet end of the launder II; the bow-tie-shaped front box is characterized in that an ultrasonic rod (3) and an ultrasonic rod (4) are arranged on two sides of the inlet end of the bow-tie-shaped front box, an ultrasonic rod (5) is arranged in the center of the bow-tie-shaped front box, and an ultrasonic rod (6) and an ultrasonic rod (7) are arranged on two sides of the outlet end of the bow-tie-shaped front box.
According to the device, through arranging the ultrasonic rods at each key position point in the processes of melting, degassing, filtering, homogenizing pretreatment and the like of the aluminum liquid, including the outlet of a smelting furnace (the adding position of a refiner), the inlet position of a filter box, the front box of a bowknot and the like, the processes of degassing, impurity removal, grain refining, homogenizing reinforcement and the like are assisted by utilizing the ultrasonic action, so that the microcosmic solidification structure of the aluminum alloy can be effectively refined, the segregation degree of solute elements and the refiner is reduced, the blocking phenomenon of a casting nozzle is improved, and the quality of a casting blank plate obtained by continuous casting is improved. The ultrasonic rod (1) is arranged at the inlet of the launder I and is mainly used for dispersing the refiner, as the AlTiB grain refiner has high density and is difficult to dissolve in aluminum liquid, the refiner is easy to be settled at the bottom of the aluminum liquid when being added into the aluminum liquid, the dispersion difficulty is high, the refiner can be effectively dispersed to be agglomerated by applying ultrasonic, the position of the ultrasonic rod is controlled to be positioned at 3/4-5/6 (the lower part of the aluminum liquid), the settlement of the refiner can be further reduced, and the refiner is promoted to be uniformly dispersed in the aluminum liquid. The ultrasonic rod (2) is arranged at the outlet end of the launder II, and is mainly based on the fact that the launder has a certain length, and the refiner with high specific surface energy can be recombined to reduce energy in the process of flowing to the filter box, so that the refiner particles can be further dispersed into a size capable of passing through a filter screen (the filter screen is prevented from being blocked) by applying ultrasonic energy at the inlet of the filter box, and the proportion of nucleation sites in the melt is increased. The bow-tie shape front box entrance end both sides are equipped with ultrasonic rod (3) and ultrasonic rod (4), the central authorities are equipped with ultrasonic rod (5), exit end both sides are equipped with ultrasonic rod (6) and ultrasonic rod (7), mainly utilize the special structure of bow-tie shape front box and cooperate the ultrasonic rod setting of special position point, can change aluminium liquid flow state and utilize the supplementary intensive stirring of ultrasonic flow to mix through special bow-tie shape box, promote aluminium liquid homogenization, reduce the probability of casting nozzle jam, the aluminium liquid of homogenization is favorable to follow-up obtaining high quality cast aluminium sheet or strip simultaneously. In summary, the ultrasonic rod is arranged at the key point of the whole device to strengthen the homogenization of the aluminum alloy melt, thereby being beneficial to obtaining high-quality wide-width continuous casting and rolling aluminum alloy plates.
The invention utilizes ultrasonic external field to assist in strengthening high flux aluminum liquid pretreatment, cavitation bubbles generate dynamic processes of vibration, growth and collapse closure under the ultrasonic cavitation effect, and deaerate aluminum alloy melt; the temperature distribution in the molten pool is changed by utilizing the high temperature and high pressure generated by collapse of cavitation bubbles, so that heat transfer is accelerated, the coating of inert gas on the surface of the nucleated grains or heterogeneous particles can be effectively removed, effective nucleation sites are increased, favorable nucleation conditions are provided, and the grains are thinned; simultaneously, the sound flow effect generated by ultrasonic can stir the aluminum liquid, so that solutes and refiners in the aluminum liquid are uniformly distributed, solute segregation is reduced, solidification structures of casting blank plates are finally refined and uniform, anisotropism is improved, defects of rolling plates are reduced from the source, quality of aluminum alloy cast-rolled products is remarkably improved, and production efficiency of short-process continuous casting and continuous rolling aluminum alloy plates is improved.
As a preferable scheme, the ultrasonic rod (1) is vertically inserted below the liquid level in the launder I, and because the refiner particles are in an agglomerated state at the refiner adding position and are easy to settle to the bottom of the liquid level due to the action of gravity, the ultrasonic rod at the position needs to be placed to a certain depth and the power needs to be large enough to effectively disperse the refiner particles and avoid the settling of the refiner particles. Based on the above, the ultrasonic insertion depth is 3/5-5/6 of the liquid level height in the launder I, and the ultrasonic power is set to be 3.5-5 kw. The insertion depth of the ultrasonic rod (1) is more preferably 4/5 of the height of the liquid level in the launder I.
As a preferred solution, the ultrasonic rod (2) is inserted vertically under the liquid level in the launder II, and because of the size of the filter screen of the filter box, the particles of the refiner will be difficult to pass through the filter box when the particle agglomeration of the refiner is large, resulting in a decrease of the effective nucleation sites in the subsequent melt, so that the inlet position of the filter box needs further application of ultrasonic waves, and because the refiner addition position has already been applied ultrasonic waves, the refiner particles are partially dispersed. Based on this, the ultrasonic insertion depth and power at this position can be suitably reduced, specifically, the insertion depth is 1/3 to 2/3 (most preferably 1/2) from the liquid surface in the launder II, and the ultrasonic power is set to 3kw to 4kw.
According to the invention, the ultrasonic power and the depth of the ultrasonic rod (1) and the ultrasonic rod (2) are matched according to the characteristics of the aluminum liquid, so that the homogenization of the aluminum liquid is facilitated.
As a preferable scheme, the bow-tie-shaped front box is provided with a bow-tie-shaped structure, the width of the inlet end and the outlet end along the length direction is wider than the width in the middle, the length-width ratio is 1.2-2.5, the length is not less than 2.5m, and the butterfly tail angle range is 45-75 degrees. The front box of the aluminum liquid entering the double-belt continuous casting machine is designed into a bowknot shape, so that the aluminum liquid can swirl into the middle part of the bowknot with smaller size in the tapered front box, and the strengthening homogenization of the aluminum liquid can be realized under the action of the central ultrasonic rod.
As a preferable scheme, the ultrasonic rod (3), the ultrasonic rod (4), the ultrasonic rod (5), the ultrasonic rod (6) and the ultrasonic rod (7) are vertically inserted under the liquid level in the bow-tie-shaped front box, wherein the insertion depth of the ultrasonic rod (3) and the ultrasonic rod (4) is 1/3-3/4 (most preferably 2/3) of the liquid level in the bow-tie-shaped front box, the insertion depth of the ultrasonic rod (5) is 1/3-2/3 (most preferably 1/2) of the liquid level in the bow-tie-shaped front box, the insertion depth of the ultrasonic rod (6) and the ultrasonic rod (7) is 1/2-3/4 (most preferably 2/3) of the liquid level in the bow-tie-shaped front box, and the ultrasonic power of the ultrasonic rod (3) and the ultrasonic rod (4) is set to be 1 kw-2 kw; the ultrasonic power of the ultrasonic rod (5) is set to be 2 kw-3 kw; the ultrasonic power of the ultrasonic rod (6) and the ultrasonic rod (7) is set to be 3 kw-5 kw. The liquid level in the bow-tie-shaped front box is lower than that of the launder, the liquid flow mode is changed, and a gradient distribution variable-power ultrasonic field is required to be arranged according to the flowing direction of the aluminum liquid. At the inlet position of the front box, double-source ultrasound (3) and (4) are applied to stir the aluminum liquid, the ultrasonic power is not required to be too high, and in order to prevent solute element sedimentation (because titanium is extremely insoluble in the aluminum liquid, the aluminum liquid also contains certain titanium, and the diffusion of the titanium is required to be enhanced by adding ultrasound), and the aluminum liquid is required to be placed in a deeper position (the density of the titanium is high); in the middle position of the front box, due to the size reduction, the liquid flow has whirl, single-source ultrasonic is applied to stir the liquid flow, the placement depth can be reduced relative to the inlet position, and the single-source power needs to be increased; at the outlet position of the front box, namely the casting nozzle inlet, the casting nozzle size is reduced sharply relative to the front box, so that the aluminum liquid flow speed is increased sharply, and double-source ultrasonic waves (6) and (7) are applied to the front box, the power is increased, and the front box is placed in a deeper position to prevent the solute elements from settling, so that the casting nozzle is prevented from being blocked. Finally, under the dual effects of ultrasonic stirring and gravity, the refiner particles with different particle diameters are stepped in the aluminum liquid from top to bottom, ultrasonic rods are arranged in a stepped manner by utilizing the matching relation between the ultrasonic intensity and the particle diameters of the particles, and reasonable placement depth and power of the ultrasonic rods are set, so that the effect of strengthening the dispersion of the particles with different particle diameters in a stepped manner is achieved.
The invention also provides a method for preparing the wide continuous casting and rolling aluminum alloy plate by using the device, which is characterized in that aluminum alloy is melted into aluminum liquid in a smelting furnace, the aluminum liquid firstly flows through a launder I and enters a degassing box for degassing treatment, then flows through a launder II and enters a filtering box for deslagging treatment, then flows through a launder III and enters a bowknot-shaped front box for strengthening and homogenizing treatment, and finally enters a double-belt continuous casting machine for continuous casting, so that an aluminum alloy blank plate is obtained.
As a preferable scheme, the aluminum liquid is added with a refiner, the granularity of the refiner is 10 nm-50 mu m, and the addition amount of the refiner accounts for 0.05-0.30% of the mass of the aluminum liquid. The refiner is a refiner conventionally used in the casting of aluminum alloys, such as aluminum-titanium-boron alloys. The refiner is typically added immediately after the aluminum alloy is melted.
As a preferable scheme, the flow rate of the aluminum liquid is controlled to be 50-300 mm/s.
As a preferable scheme, the liquid level of the aluminum liquid in the launder I and the launder II is 20 cm-50 cm, and the liquid level in the bow-tie-shaped front box is 10 cm-25 cm.
As a preferable scheme, the temperature of the bowknot-shaped front box is controlled to be 686-696 ℃. Proper temperature can ensure the fluidity of the aluminum liquid.
The width of the aluminum alloy blank plate obtained by the method is 300-2500 mm, and the thickness is 15-35 mm.
The main alloying elements of the aluminum alloy of the invention are Fe, si and Mn.
The ultrasonic rods (1) - (1) are provided by an external ultrasonic vibration system, the ultrasonic vibration system comprises an ultrasonic power supply, an ultrasonic transducer, an amplitude transformer and a radiation rod (ultrasonic rod), the output power of the ultrasonic power supply is 1-5 kW, the vibration frequency is 15-30 kHz, the length of the radiation rod is 500-600 mm, and the diameter of the radiation rod is 30-50 mm.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the beneficial technical effects that:
according to the device and the method for preparing the wide continuous casting and rolling aluminum alloy plate, provided by the technical scheme of the invention, through adopting multi-source ultrasound to assist in the degassing and impurity removal of aluminum liquid, grain refining process and strengthening high-flux aluminum liquid homogenization, the purposes of effectively refining the microstructure of aluminum alloy, reducing the segregation degree of solute elements and refiner, improving the phenomenon of casting nozzle blockage and improving the quality of a casting blank plate obtained by continuous casting can be achieved, and the device and the method are particularly suitable for the high-flux continuous casting process of aluminum liquid with high flow rate.
According to the technical scheme, the mass transfer and heat transfer processes of the aluminum liquid can be accelerated by utilizing the sound flow effect in the pretreatment process of the aluminum liquid, the uniform distribution of alloy elements and the refiner is promoted, the segregation is improved, meanwhile, the coarse grain aluminum titanium boron refiner is easy to settle at the bottom in the aluminum liquid, the fine grain refiner is easy to agglomerate, the refiner dispersing effect is poor, the ultrasonic cavitation effect is utilized, the fine grains in the aluminum liquid can generate high-frequency vibration under the action of an ultrasonic field, and the contact probability of the grains and the aluminum liquid is increased.
According to the technical scheme, the front box of the aluminum liquid entering the double-belt continuous casting machine is designed into a bowknot shape, so that the aluminum liquid can whirl in the tapered front box to enter the middle of the bowknot with smaller size, meanwhile, gradient distribution variable-power ultrasonic fields are arranged in the bowknot-shaped front box, under the action of ultrasonic stirring and gravity, refiner particles with different particle diameters step by step from top to bottom in the aluminum liquid, ultrasonic rods are arranged in a gradient manner according to the matching relation between ultrasonic intensity and particle diameter of the particles, reasonable placement depth and power of the ultrasonic rods are arranged, the effect of gradient strengthening dispersion of the particles with different particle diameters is achieved, and homogenization of the refiner and the aluminum liquid can be enhanced.
The width of the aluminum alloy blank plate prepared by the technical scheme of the invention is 300-2500 mm, the thickness is 15-35 mm, the average grain size of the cast plate is reduced to be less than 110 mu m, the grain refining efficiency is more than or equal to 40%, the elongation is more than or equal to 40%, and the strength is more than or equal to 85MPa.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an apparatus for preparing a wide continuous casting and rolling aluminum alloy sheet and ultrasonic bar distribution.
Detailed Description
The following specific examples are intended to illustrate the present invention in further detail, but are not intended to limit the scope of the claims.
The invention provides a method for preparing an aluminum alloy plate strip by multi-source ultrasonic-assisted continuous casting and rolling, which comprises the following steps: taking 1030B aluminum alloy as a raw material, adding an AlTiB grain refiner while melting in a resistance furnace, wherein the addition amount is 0.05-0.30% of the raw material, refining and degassing the melt, removing impurities, and flowing into a bowknot-shaped front box through a self-guiding groove; and solidifying and drawing the melt in a casting die cavity, applying an ultrasonic vibration system in a front box after drawing, removing the ultrasonic vibration system before continuous casting is finished, and continuing drawing the melt until continuous casting is finished to obtain the high-flux 1030B aluminum alloy casting blank plate. The pretreatment system comprises a smelting furnace, a launder I, a degassing box, a launder II, a filter box, a launder III and a bowknot-shaped front box which are sequentially connected in series.
The aluminum alloy blank performance test method of the invention is tested according to industry standards.
Example 1
Sequentially and gradiently arranging power ultrasonic rods in a pretreatment system, wherein the ultrasonic rods (1) are vertically inserted into molten aluminum at an outlet (a refiner adding point) of a smelting furnace, the insertion depth is positioned at a position 4/5 of the depth from the surface of the molten aluminum, and the ultrasonic power is 4kw; the ultrasonic rod (2) is vertically inserted into the aluminum liquid at the inlet of the filter box, the insertion depth is 1/2 of the depth from the surface of the aluminum liquid, and the ultrasonic power is 3.5kw; the ultrasonic rods (3), (4), (5), (6) and (7) are vertically inserted into the aluminum liquid of the bow-tie-shaped front box in sequence, the ultrasonic rods (3) and (4) are positioned at the inlet end of the bow-tie-shaped front box, the placement depth is positioned at the position 2/3 of the depth from the surface of the aluminum liquid, and the ultrasonic power is 1.5kw; the ultrasonic rod (5) is positioned at the middle of the bow-tie-shaped front box, the placement depth is positioned at a depth of 1/2 of the depth from the surface of the aluminum liquid, and the ultrasonic power is 2kw; the ultrasonic rods (6) and (7) are positioned at the outlet of the bow-tie-shaped front box (the inlet of the casting nozzle), the placement depth is positioned at 2/3 of the distance from the surface of the aluminum liquid, and the ultrasonic power is 4kw. The front box of the casting machine is bowknot-shaped, the length-width ratio is 2, the length is not less than 2.5m, and the butterfly tail angle range is 45 degrees; the front box temperature is 690 ℃. The main alloy elements of the aluminum liquid are Fe, si and Mn; the refiner is an alloy of aluminum, titanium and boron, the granularity is 20 mu m, and the addition amount of the refiner accounts for 0.2% of the mass of the aluminum liquid; the molten aluminum flow rate was 100mm/s. The length of the radiant rod is 570mm and the diameter is 50mm. The width of the aluminum alloy casting blank plate is 2080mm, and the thickness is 19mm. The depth of the aluminum liquid in the launder is 40cm, and the depth of the aluminum liquid in the bowknot-shaped front box is 25cm.
After the continuous casting was completed, the ultrasonic system was removed, and the resulting cast plate was designated as ultrasonic cast plate #1. After ultrasonic treatment, the average grain size of the cast plate is reduced to 95 mu m, the grain refining efficiency is up to 45%, the elongation is 40% and the strength is 85MPa.
Example 2
The melt pretreatment system and smelting process were the same as in example 1, with only the sonication parameters and controls being changed, as follows: sequentially and gradiently arranging power ultrasonic rods in a pretreatment system, wherein the ultrasonic rods (1) are vertically inserted into molten aluminum at an outlet (a refiner adding point) of a smelting furnace, the insertion depth is 3/5 of the position away from the surface of the molten aluminum, and the ultrasonic power is 5kw; the ultrasonic rod (2) is vertically inserted into the aluminum liquid at the inlet of the filter box, the insertion depth is 1/2 of the depth from the surface of the aluminum liquid, and the ultrasonic power is 4kw; the ultrasonic rods (3), (4), (5), (6) and (7) are vertically inserted into the aluminum liquid of the bow-tie-shaped front box in sequence, the ultrasonic rods (3) and (4) are positioned at the inlet end of the bow-tie-shaped front box, the placement depth is positioned at the position 1/3 of the depth from the surface of the aluminum liquid, and the ultrasonic power is 2kw; the ultrasonic rod (5) is positioned at the middle of the bow-tie-shaped front box, the placement depth is positioned at a depth of 1/2 of the depth from the surface of the aluminum liquid, and the ultrasonic power is 3kw; the ultrasonic rods (6) and (7) are positioned at the outlet of the bow-tie-shaped front box (the inlet of the casting nozzle), the placement depth is positioned at the position 2/3 of the depth from the surface of the aluminum liquid, and the ultrasonic power is 4kw. The front box of the casting machine is bowknot-shaped, the length-width ratio is 2, the length is not less than 2.5m, and the butterfly tail angle range is 60 degrees; the front box temperature is 690 ℃. The main alloy elements of the aluminum liquid are Fe, si and Mn; the refiner is an alloy of aluminum, titanium and boron, the granularity is 20 mu m, and the addition amount of the refiner accounts for 0.25 percent of the mass of the aluminum liquid; the molten aluminum flow rate was 120mm/s. The ultrasonic vibration system comprises an ultrasonic power supply, an ultrasonic transducer, an amplitude transformer and a radiation rod, wherein the output power of the ultrasonic power supply is 1-5 kW, the vibration frequency is 20kHz, the length of the radiation rod is 570mm, and the diameter of the radiation rod is 50mm. The width of the aluminum alloy casting blank plate is 2080mm, and the thickness is 19mm. The depth of the aluminum liquid in the launder is 40cm, and the depth of the aluminum liquid in the bowknot-shaped front box is 28cm.
After the continuous casting was completed, the ultrasonic system was removed, and the resulting cast plate was designated as ultrasonic cast plate #2. After ultrasonic treatment, the average grain size of the cast plate is reduced to 105 mu m, the grain refining efficiency is 40%, the elongation is 35%, and the strength is 80MPa.
Comparative example 1
The only difference from example 1 is that: the refiner adding point is not added with an ultrasonic rod (1):
other conditions were the same as in example 1: the resulting aluminum alloy cast sheet was designated as ordinary cast sheet #1. The average grain size of the cast slab was 130. Mu.m, elongation was 18%, and strength was 65MPa.
Comparative example 2
The only difference from example 1 is that: an ultrasonic rod (2) is not added at the inlet of the filter box:
the other conditions were the same as in example 1, and the obtained aluminum alloy cast sheet was designated as ordinary cast sheet #2. The average grain size of the cast slab was 120. Mu.m, elongation was 26%, and strength was 72MPa.
Comparative example 3
The only difference from example 2 is that: ultrasonic rods (3) to (7) are not added in the bowknot-shaped front box:
the other conditions were the same as in example 2, and the obtained aluminum alloy cast sheet was designated as ordinary cast sheet #3. The average grain size of the cast slab was 135. Mu.m, elongation was 25%, and strength was 75MPa.
Comparative example 4
The only difference from example 2 is that: the pretreatment system does not add ultrasonic rods (1) to (7):
the other conditions were the same as in example 2, and the obtained aluminum alloy cast sheet was designated as ordinary cast sheet #4. The average grain size of the cast slab was 140. Mu.m, elongation was 16%, and strength was 55MPa.
Comparative example 5
The only difference from example 1 is that: the butterfly-shaped front box in the pretreatment system is a trapezoid front box:
the other conditions were the same as in example 1, and the obtained aluminum alloy cast sheet was designated as ordinary cast sheet #5. The average grain size of the cast plate is 125 mu m, the elongation is 35%, and the strength is 68MPa; significantly lower than the intensity index in example 1.
Comparative example 6
The only difference from example 1 is that: the ultrasonic bars in the bow-tie front box were placed at a depth of 1/2 of the surface of the aluminum liquid, the ultrasonic treatment power was 2kW, and the obtained aluminum alloy casting plate was designated as ultrasonic casting plate #6 under the same conditions as in example 1. The average grain size of the cast plate is 115 mu m, the grain refinement rate is 42%, the elongation is 36% and the strength is 78MPa. Significantly lower than the intensity index in example 1.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and it should be noted that modifications and adaptations to those skilled in the art may be made without departing from the principles of the present invention, which are intended to be comprehended within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A device for preparing wide continuous casting and rolling aluminum alloy plates, which is characterized in that: comprises a smelting furnace, a launder I, a degassing box, a launder II, a filter box, a launder III, a bow-tie-shaped front box and a double-belt continuous casting machine which are sequentially connected in series; an ultrasonic rod (1) is arranged at the inlet end of the launder I; an ultrasonic rod (2) is arranged at the outlet end of the launder II; an ultrasonic rod (3) and an ultrasonic rod (4) are arranged at two sides of the inlet end of the bowknot-shaped front box, an ultrasonic rod (5) is arranged in the center of the bowknot-shaped front box, and an ultrasonic rod (6) and an ultrasonic rod (7) are arranged at two sides of the outlet end of the bowknot-shaped front box; the bow-tie-shaped front box is provided with a bow-tie-shaped structure, the width of the inlet end and the outlet end along the length direction is wider than the width of the middle, the length-width ratio is 1.2-2.5, the length is not less than 2.5m, and the butterfly tail angle range is 45-75 degrees.
2. An apparatus for preparing wide continuous casting and rolling aluminum alloy sheet material as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the ultrasonic rod (1) is vertically inserted under the liquid level in the launder I, the insertion depth is 3/5-5/6 of the liquid level in the launder I, and the ultrasonic power is set to be 3.5 kw-5 kw.
3. An apparatus for preparing wide continuous casting and rolling aluminum alloy sheet material as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the ultrasonic rod (2) is vertically inserted under the liquid level in the launder II, the insertion depth is 1/3-2/3 of the height of the liquid level in the launder II, and the ultrasonic power is set to be 3 kw-4 kw.
4. An apparatus for preparing wide continuous casting and rolling aluminum alloy sheet material as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the ultrasonic rod (3), the ultrasonic rod (4), the ultrasonic rod (5), the ultrasonic rod (6) and the ultrasonic rod (7) are vertically inserted under the liquid level in the bow-tie-shaped front box, wherein the insertion depth of the ultrasonic rod (3) and the ultrasonic rod (4) is 1/3-3/4 of the liquid level in the bow-tie-shaped front box, the insertion depth of the ultrasonic rod (5) is 1/3-2/3 of the liquid level in the bow-tie-shaped front box, the insertion depth of the ultrasonic rod (6) and the ultrasonic rod (7) is 1/2-3/4 of the liquid level in the bow-tie-shaped front box, and the ultrasonic power of the ultrasonic rod (3) and the ultrasonic rod (4) is set to be 1 kw-2 kw; the ultrasonic power of the ultrasonic rod (5) is set to be 2 kw-3 kw; the ultrasonic power of the ultrasonic rod (6) and the ultrasonic rod (7) is set to be 3 kw-5 kw.
5. A method for preparing wide continuous casting and rolling aluminum alloy sheet by using the device as set forth in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: the aluminum alloy is melted into aluminum liquid in a smelting furnace, the aluminum liquid firstly flows through a launder I and enters a degassing box for degassing treatment, then flows through a launder II and enters a filtering box for deslagging treatment, then flows through a launder III and enters a bow-tie-shaped front box for strengthening and homogenizing treatment, and finally enters a double-belt continuous casting machine for continuous casting, so that an aluminum alloy blank plate is obtained.
6. The method according to claim 5, wherein: the aluminum liquid is added with a refiner, the granularity of the refiner is 10 nm-50 mu m, and the addition amount of the refiner accounts for 0.05-0.30% of the mass of the aluminum liquid.
7. The method according to claim 5, wherein: the flow rate of the aluminum liquid is controlled to be 50-300 mm/s.
8. The method according to claim 5, wherein: the liquid level of the aluminum liquid in the launder I and the launder II is 20 cm-50 cm, and the liquid level in the bow-tie-shaped front box is 10 cm-25 cm.
9. The method according to claim 5, wherein: the temperature of the bowknot-shaped front box is controlled to be 686-696 ℃.
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