CN115194106A - Device and method for preparing wide continuous casting and rolling aluminum alloy plate - Google Patents
Device and method for preparing wide continuous casting and rolling aluminum alloy plate Download PDFInfo
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- CN115194106A CN115194106A CN202210853011.9A CN202210853011A CN115194106A CN 115194106 A CN115194106 A CN 115194106A CN 202210853011 A CN202210853011 A CN 202210853011A CN 115194106 A CN115194106 A CN 115194106A
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- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 30
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 100
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 90
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 90
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 abstract description 20
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 16
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010907 mechanical stirring Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 19
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000002604 ultrasonography Methods 0.000 description 7
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000009210 therapy by ultrasound Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 4
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- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 3
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 2
- -1 aluminum-titanium-boron Chemical compound 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000521 B alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011362 coarse particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010309 melting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/06—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into moulds with travelling walls, e.g. with rolls, plates, belts, caterpillars
- B22D11/0622—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into moulds with travelling walls, e.g. with rolls, plates, belts, caterpillars formed by two casting wheels
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/10—Supplying or treating molten metal
- B22D11/108—Feeding additives, powders, or the like
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/10—Supplying or treating molten metal
- B22D11/11—Treating the molten metal
- B22D11/114—Treating the molten metal by using agitating or vibrating means
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/03—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device and a method for preparing a wide continuous casting and rolling aluminum alloy plate. The device comprises a smelting furnace, a launder I, a degassing box, a launder II, a filtering box, a launder III, a bowknot-shaped front box and a double-belt continuous casting machine which are sequentially connected in series; an ultrasonic rod (1) is arranged at the inlet end of the launder I; the outlet end of the launder II is provided with an ultrasonic rod (2); the device is used for the continuous casting process of aluminum alloy, can produce mechanical stirring and sonochemistry effect to high-speed flowing aluminum liquid, realizes the supplementary aluminium liquid degassing and impurity removal of supersound, refine the crystalline grain process and strengthen the homogenization process, improves segregation and the phenomenon that the casting nozzle blocks up, is particularly suitable for the high flux continuous casting process of the aluminium liquid that the velocity of flow is high, can obtain high-quality broad width aluminum alloy casting blank board.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a device and a method for preparing a wide continuous casting and rolling aluminum alloy plate, in particular to a device and a method for assisting in strengthening homogenization of high-flux molten aluminum by utilizing multi-source ultrasonic waves, and belongs to the technical field of metal material metallurgy processing.
Background
The continuous casting and rolling process for producing aluminum and aluminum alloy plate strips is emphasized by various countries in the world due to the advantages of short process, high metal yield, energy conservation, consumption reduction, convenience in realizing mechanization and automation and the like. At present, the continuous casting and rolling process is applied in a concentrated way on rolled plates and strips, but is limited to 1XXX aluminum alloy and partial 3XXX, 5XXX and 8XXX aluminum alloys, and because the flow rate of molten aluminum in continuous casting and rolling is high, the nozzle is easy to block and the components are easy to segregate, so that crystal grains in the microstructure of a casting blank are coarsened, and because no secondary treatment measures are adopted in the production process, the surface quality of the final plate and strip is poor.
The grain size and the composition segregation rate are key factors for determining the quality of continuous casting and rolling plate and strip, and at present, the grain is generally refined by adding a refiner in the industry, but the refiner has higher cost, is very easy to precipitate under high-speed flow, cannot produce better refining effect, and causes serious segregation. Therefore, the pretreatment of the aluminum alloy melt is particularly important for refining the grain size, improving the composition segregation of the cast plate, improving the mechanical property and expanding the application range in the subsequent continuous casting and rolling process.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems of coarse grains, solute segregation and poor surface quality of aluminum alloy plates and strips in the existing aluminum alloy plate and strip continuous casting and rolling process, the first purpose of the invention is to provide a device for preparing wide continuous casting and rolling aluminum alloy plates, which can effectively refine the microcosmic solidification structure of aluminum alloy, reduce the segregation degree of solute elements and refiners, improve the phenomenon of nozzle blockage, improve the quality of a casting blank plate obtained by continuous casting by arranging multi-source ultrasonic assistance to realize degassing, impurity removal, grain refinement and strengthening homogenization in the aluminum liquid continuous casting process, and is particularly suitable for the process of continuously casting aluminum alloy plates and strips at high flow rate.
The second purpose of the invention is to provide a method for preparing a wide continuous casting and rolling aluminum alloy plate, which is realized on the basis of the device, and the device utilizes multi-source ultrasound to assist the processes of degassing and impurity removal of aluminum liquid, grain refinement and high-flux aluminum liquid homogenization strengthening, can effectively refine the microcosmic solidification structure of the aluminum alloy, reduce the segregation degree of solute elements and refiners, and improve the quality of continuous casting plate strips.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the invention provides a device for preparing a wide continuous casting and rolling aluminum alloy plate, which comprises a smelting furnace, a launder I, a degassing box, a launder II, a filtering box, a launder III, a bowknot-shaped front box and a double-belt continuous casting machine which are sequentially connected in series; an ultrasonic rod (1) is arranged at the inlet end of the launder I; the outlet end of the launder II is provided with an ultrasonic rod (2); the bow-tie-shaped front box is characterized in that an ultrasonic rod (3) and an ultrasonic rod (4) are arranged on two sides of the inlet end of the bow-tie-shaped front box, an ultrasonic rod (5) is arranged in the center of the bow-tie-shaped front box, and an ultrasonic rod (6) and an ultrasonic rod (7) are arranged on two sides of the outlet end of the bow-tie-shaped front box.
According to the device, ultrasonic rods are arranged at each key position point in the processes of melting, degassing, filtering, homogenizing pretreatment and the like of the aluminum liquid, including the outlet (refiner adding position) of the melting furnace, the inlet position of the filter box, the interior of the bow front box and the like, and the processes of degassing, impurity removal, grain refinement, homogenization strengthening and the like are assisted by the ultrasonic effect, so that the microcosmic solidification structure of the aluminum alloy can be effectively refined, the segregation degree of solute elements and the refiner is reduced, the phenomenon of casting nozzle blockage is improved, and the quality of a cast blank plate obtained by continuous casting is improved. The ultrasonic rod (1) is arranged at the inlet of the launder I and is mainly used for dispersing the refiner, the AlTiB grain refiner has high density and is difficult to dissolve in the aluminum liquid, the AlTiB grain refiner is easy to settle at the bottom of the aluminum liquid when being added into the aluminum liquid, the dispersion difficulty is high, the agglomeration of the refiner can be effectively dispersed by applying ultrasonic, and the position of the ultrasonic rod is controlled to be 3/4-5/6 (the lower part of the aluminum liquid), so that the settlement of the refiner can be further reduced, and the refiner is promoted to be uniformly dispersed in the aluminum liquid. The ultrasonic rod (2) is arranged at the outlet end of the launder II, and is mainly based on the fact that the length of the launder is certain, and the refiner with high specific surface energy can be re-polymerized in the process of flowing to the filter box to reduce energy, so that the application of ultrasonic waves at the inlet of the filter box can further disperse the refiner particles into the size capable of passing through the filter screen (avoiding blocking the filter screen), and the proportion of nucleation sites in the melt is increased. The bow-tie-shaped front box is characterized in that ultrasonic rods (3) and ultrasonic rods (4) are arranged on two sides of the inlet end of the bow-tie-shaped front box, an ultrasonic rod (5) is arranged in the center of the bow-tie-shaped front box, ultrasonic rods (6) and ultrasonic rods (7) are arranged on two sides of the outlet end of the bow-tie-shaped front box, the bow-tie-shaped front box is mainly of a special structure and matched with ultrasonic rods of special position points, the flowing state of aluminum liquid can be changed through a special bow-tie-shaped box body, the aluminum liquid is stirred and mixed in an auxiliary strengthening mode through ultrasonic flow, homogenized aluminum liquid is promoted, the probability of blocking of a casting nozzle is reduced, and the homogenized aluminum liquid is beneficial to obtaining high-quality cast aluminum plates or strips subsequently. In conclusion, the ultrasonic rod is arranged at the key point position of the whole device, so that homogenization of the aluminum alloy melt can be enhanced, and high-quality wide continuous casting and rolling aluminum alloy plates can be obtained.
The method utilizes ultrasonic external field to assist in strengthening high-flux aluminum liquid pretreatment, and carries out degassing on an aluminum alloy melt by a dynamic process of vibration, growth and collapse closure of cavitation bubbles under the action of ultrasonic cavitation; the high temperature and high pressure generated by cavitation bubble collapse are utilized to change the temperature distribution in the molten pool, accelerate heat transfer, effectively remove the coating of inert gas on the surface of nucleated grains or heterogeneous particles, increase effective nucleation sites, provide favorable nucleation conditions and refine grains; meanwhile, the sound flow effect generated by the ultrasonic can stir the aluminum liquid, so that solute and refiner in the aluminum liquid are uniformly distributed, solute segregation is reduced, finally, the solidification structure of the casting blank plate is more uniformly refined, the anisotropy is improved, the defects of the rolled plate are reduced from the source, the quality of an aluminum alloy cast-rolled product is obviously improved, and the production efficiency of the short-process continuous casting and rolling aluminum alloy plate is improved.
As a preferable scheme, the ultrasonic rod (1) is vertically inserted into the position below the liquid level in the launder I, and the particles of the refiner are in an agglomerated state at the position of adding the refiner and are easy to settle to the bottom of the liquid level due to the gravity, so the ultrasonic rod at the position needs to be placed at a certain depth and has enough power to effectively disperse the particles of the refiner and avoid the settlement of the particles of the refiner. Based on the ultrasonic insertion depth, the ultrasonic insertion depth is 3/5-5/6 of the height of the liquid level in the launder I, and the ultrasonic power is set to be 3.5 kw-5 kw. The insertion depth of the ultrasonic rod (1) is further preferably 4/5 of the height of the liquid surface in the launder I.
As a preferred scheme, the ultrasonic rod (2) is vertically inserted below the liquid surface in the launder II, and due to the certain size of a filter box filter screen, when the agglomeration of refiner particles is large, the refiner particles are difficult to pass through the filter box, so that the effective nucleation sites in the subsequent melt are reduced, and therefore, the position of the inlet of the filter box needs to be further subjected to ultrasonic treatment, and the position of the refiner addition position is subjected to ultrasonic treatment, so that the refiner particles are partially dispersed. Based on this, the ultrasonic insertion depth and power can be properly reduced at the position, specifically, the insertion depth is 1/3 to 2/3 (most preferably 1/2) of the liquid level in the launder II, and the ultrasonic power is set to be 3kw to 4kw.
The ultrasonic power and the aluminum liquid inserting depth of the ultrasonic rod (1) and the ultrasonic rod (2) are designed in a matching mode according to the characteristics of aluminum liquid, and homogenization of the aluminum liquid is facilitated.
As a preferable scheme, the bow-tie shaped front box has a bow-tie shaped structure, the width of the inlet end and the outlet end along the length direction is wider than the width of the middle, the length-width ratio is 1.2-2.5, the length is not less than 2.5m, and the bow-tail angle range is 45-75 degrees. The front box of the double-belt continuous casting machine, into which the aluminum liquid enters, is designed into a bow-tie shape, so that the aluminum liquid can enter the middle part of the bow-tie with smaller size in a convolution manner in the tapered front box, and the aluminum liquid is strengthened and homogenized under the action of the central ultrasonic rod.
As a preferable scheme, the ultrasonic rod (3), the ultrasonic rod (4), the ultrasonic rod (5), the ultrasonic rod (6) and the ultrasonic rod (7) are vertically inserted below the liquid level in the bow-tie shaped front box, wherein the insertion depth of the ultrasonic rod (3) and the ultrasonic rod (4) is 1/3-3/4 (most preferably 2/3) of the liquid level in the bow-tie shaped front box, the insertion depth of the ultrasonic rod (5) is 1/3-2/3 (most preferably 1/2) of the liquid level in the bow-tie shaped front box, the insertion depth of the ultrasonic rod (6) and the ultrasonic rod (7) is 1/2-3/4 (most preferably 2/3) of the liquid level in the bow-tie shaped front box, and the ultrasonic power of the ultrasonic rod (3) and the ultrasonic rod (4) is set to be 1 kw-2 kw; the ultrasonic power of the ultrasonic rod (5) is set to be 2 kw-3 kw; the ultrasonic power of the ultrasonic rod (6) and the ultrasonic rod (7) is set to be 3kw to 5kw. The liquid level in the bow-shaped front box is lower than that of the launder, and the liquid flow mode is changed, and an ultrasonic field with gradient distribution and variable power needs to be arranged according to the flowing direction of the aluminum liquid. Double-source ultrasound (3) and (4) is applied to stir the aluminum liquid at the inlet position of the front box, the ultrasound power does not need to be too large, in order to prevent solute elements from settling (because titanium is extremely difficult to dissolve in the aluminum liquid, the aluminum liquid also contains certain titanium, the diffusion of the titanium needs to be strengthened by ultrasound), and the aluminum liquid needs to be placed at a deeper position (the density of the titanium is large); in the middle position of the front box, because the size is reduced, the liquid flow is convoluted, single-source ultrasound is applied to stir, the embedding depth can be reduced relative to the inlet position, and the single-source power needs to be increased; at the outlet position of the front box, namely the inlet of the casting nozzle, because the size of the casting nozzle is sharply reduced relative to the front box, and the flow rate of the molten aluminum is sharply increased, the double-source ultrasound (6) and (7) is applied at the position, the power is increased, and the deep position is arranged to prevent the precipitation of solute elements so as to avoid the blockage of the casting nozzle. Finally, under the dual action of ultrasonic stirring and gravity, refiner particles with different particle sizes are stepped step by step from top to bottom in the aluminum liquid, and by utilizing the matching relationship between ultrasonic intensity and particle size, ultrasonic rods are arranged in a stepped manner and reasonable embedding depth and power are set, so that the effect of reinforcing the dispersion of the particles with different particle sizes in a stepped manner is achieved.
The invention also provides a method for preparing the wide continuous casting and rolling aluminum alloy plate by using the device, which is characterized in that aluminum alloy is melted into aluminum liquid in a smelting furnace, the aluminum liquid firstly flows through the launder I and enters a degassing tank for degassing treatment, then flows through the launder II and enters a filter tank for deslagging treatment, then flows through the launder III and enters a bow-shaped front box for strengthening and homogenizing treatment, and finally enters a double-belt continuous casting machine for continuous casting to obtain an aluminum alloy blank plate.
As a preferable scheme, a refiner is added into the aluminum liquid, the granularity of the refiner is 10 nm-50 mu m, and the addition amount of the refiner accounts for 0.05-0.30% of the mass of the aluminum liquid. The refiner is a refiner conventionally used in the casting of aluminum alloys, such as aluminum-titanium-boron alloys. The refiner is typically added immediately after the aluminum alloy is melted.
As a preferable scheme, the flow velocity of the aluminum liquid is controlled to be 50-300 mm/s.
As a preferable scheme, the liquid level height of the aluminum liquid in the launder I and the launder II is 20 cm-50 cm, and the liquid level height in the bow-tie shaped front box is 10 cm-25 cm.
As a preferable scheme, the temperature of the bowknot-shaped front box is controlled to be 686-696 ℃. The proper temperature can ensure the fluidity of the aluminum liquid.
The width of the aluminum alloy blank plate obtained by the invention is 300-2500 mm, and the thickness is 15-35 mm.
The main alloying elements of the aluminum alloy of the invention are Fe, si and Mn.
The ultrasonic rods (1) - (1) are provided by an external ultrasonic vibration system, the ultrasonic vibration system comprises an ultrasonic power supply, an ultrasonic transducer, an amplitude transformer and a radiation rod (ultrasonic rod), the output power of the ultrasonic power supply is 1-5 kW, the vibration frequency is 15-30 kHz, the length of the radiation rod is 500-600 mm, and the diameter of the radiation rod is 30-50 mm.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
according to the device and the method for preparing the wide continuous casting and rolling aluminum alloy plate, provided by the technical scheme of the invention, the multi-source ultrasound is adopted to assist the processes of degassing and impurity removal of aluminum liquid, refining crystal grains and strengthening high-flux aluminum liquid homogenization, so that the purposes of effectively refining a microcosmic solidification structure of aluminum alloy, reducing the segregation degree of solute elements and a refiner, improving the phenomenon of nozzle blockage and improving the quality of a casting blank plate obtained by continuous casting can be achieved, and the device and the method are particularly suitable for the high-flux continuous casting process of the aluminum liquid with high flow rate.
In the technical scheme of the invention, the mass transfer and heat transfer processes of the aluminum liquid can be accelerated by utilizing the sound flow effect in the pretreatment process of the aluminum liquid, the uniform distribution of alloy elements and a refiner is promoted, the segregation is favorably improved, meanwhile, the aluminum titanium boron refiner with coarse particles is easy to settle at the bottom in the aluminum liquid, and the refiner with fine particles is easy to agglomerate, so that the dispersing effect of the refiner is poor, and by utilizing the ultrasonic cavitation effect, the fine particles in the aluminum liquid can generate high-frequency vibration under the action of an ultrasonic field, so that the contact probability of the particles and the aluminum liquid is increased.
According to the technical scheme, the aluminum liquid enters the front box of the double-belt continuous casting machine and is designed into a bow-tie shape, the aluminum liquid can be enabled to circle in the gradually-reduced front box to enter the middle part of a bow-tie with a smaller size, meanwhile, the refiner particles with different particle sizes are distributed in a gradient manner from top to bottom in the aluminum liquid step by step under the action of ultrasonic stirring and gravity through the arrangement of the gradient distribution variable power ultrasonic field in the bow-tie-shaped front box, and the ultrasonic rods are distributed in a gradient manner and are set to have reasonable arrangement depth and power by utilizing the matching relation between the ultrasonic intensity and the particle sizes, so that the effect of strengthening the dispersion of the particles with different particle sizes in a gradient manner is achieved, and the homogenization of the refiner and the aluminum liquid can be strengthened.
The width of the aluminum alloy blank plate prepared by the technical scheme of the invention is 300-2500 mm, the thickness is 15-35 mm, the average grain size of the cast plate is reduced to be less than 110 mu m, the grain refinement efficiency is more than or equal to 40%, the elongation is more than or equal to 40%, and the strength is more than or equal to 85MPa.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a device and ultrasonic rod distribution for preparing a wide continuous casting and rolling aluminum alloy plate.
Detailed Description
The following specific examples are intended to illustrate the invention in further detail, but not to limit the scope of the claims.
The invention provides a method for preparing an aluminum alloy plate strip by multi-source ultrasonic-assisted continuous casting and rolling, which comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps of (1) taking 1030B aluminum alloy as a raw material, adding an AlTiB grain refiner when melting in a resistance furnace, wherein the addition amount of the AlTiB grain refiner is 0.05-0.30% of the raw material, refining, degassing and removing impurities of a melt, and then flowing into a bow-shaped front box through a guide chute; and solidifying and drawing the melt in the casting mold cavity, applying an ultrasonic vibration system in the front box after drawing is started, removing the ultrasonic vibration system before continuous casting is finished, and continuing drawing until the continuous casting is finished to obtain the high-flux 1030B aluminum alloy cast blank plate. The pretreatment system comprises a smelting furnace, a launder I, a degassing box, a launder II, a filter box, a launder III and a bow-tie-shaped front box which are sequentially connected in series.
The performance test method of the aluminum alloy blank plate provided by the invention is used for testing according to the industrial standard.
Example 1
Arranging power ultrasonic rods in a pretreatment system in sequence in a gradient manner, wherein the ultrasonic rods (1) are vertically inserted into molten aluminum at an outlet (refiner addition point) of a smelting furnace, the depth of the ultrasonic rods is 4/5 of the depth from the surface of the molten aluminum, and the ultrasonic power is 4kw; the ultrasonic rod (2) is vertically inserted into the molten aluminum at the inlet of the filter box, the insertion depth is 1/2 of the depth from the surface of the molten aluminum, and the ultrasonic power is 3.5kw; the ultrasonic rods (3), (4), (5), (6) and (7) are sequentially and vertically inserted into the bowtie-shaped front box aluminum liquid, the ultrasonic rods (3) and (4) are positioned at the inlet end of the bowtie-shaped front box, the embedding depth is positioned at the position 2/3 of the depth from the surface of the aluminum liquid, and the ultrasonic power is 1.5kw; the ultrasonic rod (5) is positioned in the middle of the bow-shaped front box, the embedding depth is 1/2 of the depth from the surface of the aluminum liquid, and the ultrasonic power is 2kw; the ultrasonic rods (6) and (7) are positioned at the outlet of the bow-shaped front box (the inlet of the casting nozzle), the embedded depth is 2/3 of the distance from the surface of the aluminum liquid, and the ultrasonic power is 4kw. The front box of the casting machine is in a bow-tie shape, the length-width ratio is 2, the length is not less than 2.5m, and the angle range of a butterfly tail is 45 degrees; the headbox temperature was 690 ℃. The main alloy elements of the aluminum liquid are Fe, si and Mn; the refiner is an alloy of aluminum, titanium and boron, the granularity is 20 mu m, and the addition amount accounts for 0.2 percent of the mass of the aluminum liquid; the flow velocity of the aluminum liquid is 100mm/s. The length of the radiant bar is 570mm, and the diameter is 50mm. The width of the aluminum alloy casting blank plate is 2080mm, and the thickness is 19mm. The depth of the aluminum liquid in the launder is 40cm, and the depth of the aluminum liquid in the bow-tie-shaped front box is 25cm.
After the continuous casting was completed, the ultrasonic system was removed and the resulting cast plate was designated as ultrasonic cast plate #1. After ultrasonic treatment, the average grain size of the cast plate is reduced to 95 mu m, the grain refining efficiency reaches 45 percent, the elongation is 40 percent, and the strength is 85MPa.
Example 2
The melt pretreatment system and the melting process are the same as those in example 1, and only ultrasonic treatment parameters and a control mode are changed, and the specific implementation mode is as follows: arranging power ultrasonic rods in a pretreatment system in sequence in a gradient manner, wherein the ultrasonic rods (1) are vertically inserted into molten aluminum at an outlet (refiner adding point) of a smelting furnace, the depth of the ultrasonic rods is 3/5 of the distance from the surface of the molten aluminum, and the ultrasonic power is 5kw; the ultrasonic rod (2) is vertically inserted into the molten aluminum at the inlet of the filter box, the insertion depth is 1/2 of the depth from the surface of the molten aluminum, and the ultrasonic power is 4kw; the ultrasonic rods (3), (4), (5), (6) and (7) are sequentially and vertically inserted into the bowtie-shaped front box aluminum liquid, the ultrasonic rods (3) and (4) are positioned at the inlet end of the bowtie-shaped front box, the embedding depth is positioned at the position 1/3 of the depth from the surface of the aluminum liquid, and the ultrasonic power is 2kw; the ultrasonic rod (5) is positioned in the middle of the bow-shaped front box, the embedding depth is positioned at the position 1/2 of the depth from the surface of the aluminum liquid, and the ultrasonic power is 3kw; the ultrasonic rods (6) and (7) are positioned at the outlet (inlet of a casting nozzle) of the bow-tie-shaped front box, the embedding depth is 2/3 of the depth from the surface of the aluminum liquid, and the ultrasonic power is 4kw. The front box of the casting machine is in a bow-tie shape, the length-width ratio is 2, the length is not less than 2.5m, and the angle range of a butterfly tail is 60 degrees; the headbox temperature was 690 ℃. The main alloy elements of the aluminum liquid are Fe, si and Mn; the refiner is an alloy of aluminum, titanium and boron, the granularity is 20 mu m, and the addition amount accounts for 0.25 percent of the mass of the aluminum liquid; the flow rate of the aluminum liquid is 120mm/s. The ultrasonic vibration system comprises an ultrasonic power supply, an ultrasonic transducer, an amplitude transformer and a radiation rod, wherein the output power of the ultrasonic power supply is 1-5 kW, the vibration frequency is 20kHz, the length of the radiation rod is 570mm, and the diameter of the radiation rod is 50mm. The width of the aluminum alloy casting blank plate is 2080mm, and the thickness is 19mm. The depth of the aluminum liquid in the launder is 40cm, and the depth of the aluminum liquid in the bowknot-shaped front box is 28cm.
After the continuous casting was completed, the ultrasonic system was removed and the resulting cast plate was designated as ultrasonic cast plate #2. After ultrasonic treatment, the average grain size of the cast plate is reduced to 105 μm, the grain refining efficiency reaches 40%, the elongation is 35%, and the strength is 80MPa.
Comparative example 1
The only difference from example 1 is that: the point of addition of the refiner is not added with an ultrasonic rod (1):
other conditions were the same as in example 1: the resulting aluminum alloy cast sheet was designated as common cast sheet #1. The average grain size of the cast sheet was 130 μm, the elongation was 18%, and the strength was 65MPa.
Comparative example 2
The only difference from example 1 is that: the inlet of the filter box is not added with an ultrasonic rod (2):
the other conditions were the same as in example 1, and the obtained aluminum alloy cast sheet was designated as a conventional cast sheet #2. The cast sheet had an average grain size of 120 μm, an elongation of 26% and a strength of 72MPa.
Comparative example 3
The only difference from example 2 is that: ultrasonic rods (3) to (7) are not added in the bow-tie shaped front box:
the other conditions were the same as in example 2, and the obtained aluminum alloy cast sheet was designated as a general cast sheet #3. The average grain size of the cast sheet was 135 μm, the elongation was 25%, and the strength was 75MPa.
Comparative example 4
The only difference from example 2 is that: the pretreatment system is not provided with ultrasonic rods (1) to (7):
the other conditions were the same as in example 2, and the obtained aluminum alloy cast sheet was designated as a conventional cast sheet #4. The cast sheet had an average grain size of 140 μm, an elongation of 16% and a strength of 55MPa.
Comparative example 5
The only difference from example 1 is that: the butterfly-shaped front box in the pretreatment system is a trapezoidal front box:
the other conditions were the same as in example 1, and the obtained aluminum alloy cast sheet was designated as a conventional cast sheet #5. The average grain size of the cast plate was 125 μm, the elongation was 35%, and the strength was 68MPa; is significantly lower than the strength index in example 1.
Comparative example 6
The only difference from example 1 is that: the depth of the ultrasonic rod in the bow front box is 1/2 of the distance from the surface of the aluminum liquid, the ultrasonic treatment power is 2kW, other conditions are the same as those in the example 1, and the obtained aluminum alloy cast plate is marked as an ultrasonic cast plate #6. The average grain size of the cast plate is 115 mu m, the grain refinement rate reaches 42 percent, the elongation is 36 percent, and the strength is 78MPa. Significantly lower than the strength index in example 1.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a device for preparing broad width continuous casting and rolling aluminum alloy plate which characterized in that: the device comprises a smelting furnace, a launder I, a degassing box, a launder II, a filter box, a launder III, a bowknot-shaped front box and a double-belt continuous casting machine which are sequentially connected in series; an ultrasonic rod (1) is arranged at the inlet end of the launder I; the outlet end of the launder II is provided with an ultrasonic rod (2); the bow-tie-shaped front box is characterized in that an ultrasonic rod (3) and an ultrasonic rod (4) are arranged on two sides of the inlet end of the bow-tie-shaped front box, an ultrasonic rod (5) is arranged in the center of the bow-tie-shaped front box, and an ultrasonic rod (6) and an ultrasonic rod (7) are arranged on two sides of the outlet end of the bow-tie-shaped front box.
2. The apparatus for producing a wide continuous casting and rolling aluminum alloy sheet according to claim 1, wherein: the ultrasonic rod (1) is vertically inserted below the liquid level in the launder I, the insertion depth is 3/5-5/6 of the height of the liquid level in the launder I, and the ultrasonic power is set to be 3.5-5 kw.
3. The apparatus for producing a wide continuous casting and rolling aluminum alloy sheet according to claim 1, wherein: the ultrasonic rod (2) is vertically inserted below the liquid level in the launder II, the insertion depth is 1/3-2/3 of the height of the liquid level in the launder II, and the ultrasonic power is set to be 3 kw-4 kw.
4. The apparatus for producing a wide continuous casting and rolling aluminum alloy sheet according to claim 1, wherein: the bow-tie shaped front box has a bow-tie shaped structure, the width of the inlet end and the outlet end along the length direction is wider than the width of the middle part, the length-width ratio is 1.2-2.5, the length is not less than 2.5m, and the angle range of the bow-tie tail is 45-75 degrees.
5. The apparatus for producing a wide continuous casting and rolling aluminum alloy sheet according to claim 1 or 4, wherein: the ultrasonic rod (3), the ultrasonic rod (4), the ultrasonic rod (5), the ultrasonic rod (6) and the ultrasonic rod (7) are vertically inserted below the liquid level in the bow-shaped front box, wherein the insertion depth of the ultrasonic rod (3) and the ultrasonic rod (4) is 1/3-3/4 of the liquid level in the bow-shaped front box, the insertion depth of the ultrasonic rod (5) is 1/3-2/3 of the liquid level in the bow-shaped front box, the insertion depth of the ultrasonic rod (6) and the ultrasonic rod (7) is 1/2-3/4 of the liquid level in the bow-shaped front box, and the ultrasonic power of the ultrasonic rod (3) and the ultrasonic rod (4) is set to be 1 kw-2 kw; the ultrasonic power of the ultrasonic rod (5) is set to be 2 kw-3 kw; the ultrasonic power of the ultrasonic rod (6) and the ultrasonic rod (7) is set to be 3kw to 5kw.
6. The method for producing a wide continuous casting and rolling aluminum alloy sheet using the apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein: the aluminum alloy is melted into aluminum liquid in the smelting furnace, the aluminum liquid flows through the launder I first and enters the degassing tank for degassing treatment, then flows through the launder II and enters the filter tank for deslagging treatment, then flows through the launder III and enters the bowknot-shaped front box for strengthening homogenizing treatment, and finally enters the double-belt continuous casting machine for continuous casting to obtain an aluminum alloy blank plate.
7. The method for producing a wide continuous casting and rolling aluminum alloy sheet according to claim 6, characterized in that: the aluminum liquid is added with a refiner, the granularity of the refiner is 10 nm-50 μm, and the addition amount of the refiner accounts for 0.05-0.30% of the mass of the aluminum liquid.
8. The method for producing a wide continuous casting and rolling aluminum alloy sheet according to claim 6, wherein: the flow velocity of the aluminum liquid is controlled to be 50-300 mm/s.
9. The method for producing a wide continuous casting and rolling aluminum alloy sheet according to claim 6, wherein: the liquid level height of the aluminum liquid in the launder I and the launder II is 20 cm-50 cm, and the liquid level height in the bow-tie shaped front box is 10 cm-25 cm.
10. The method for producing a wide continuous casting and rolling aluminum alloy sheet according to claim 6, characterized in that: the temperature of the bowknot-shaped front box is controlled to be 686-696 ℃.
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