CN115191404B - New variety breeding method for improving offspring cock proportion of yellow feather broiler chickens - Google Patents
New variety breeding method for improving offspring cock proportion of yellow feather broiler chickens Download PDFInfo
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- CN115191404B CN115191404B CN202210896771.8A CN202210896771A CN115191404B CN 115191404 B CN115191404 B CN 115191404B CN 202210896771 A CN202210896771 A CN 202210896771A CN 115191404 B CN115191404 B CN 115191404B
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- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
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Abstract
The invention discloses a new variety breeding method for improving the proportion of offspring cock of yellow feather broiler chickens, which comprises the following steps of: the new yellow-feather broiler cultivated by the hybridization improvement method maintains the high yield characteristics of breeding materials, the proportion of offspring chicks is greatly improved, the breeding profit is quite considerable, the generation interval is shortened, the genetic progress is quickened, the breeding cost is saved, 137 chicks can be provided for 66 weeks old in the new breed, wherein the number of chicks is 79, 58 chicks are increased by 10.5 chicks in a natural state, the proportion of chicks is improved by 15.33%, the breeding income of a breeding farm of the chickens is improved by 5.11% according to the calculation that the price of the chicks is 2 times that of the chicks, in addition, the breeding method shortens the breeding generation interval of the chickens from the traditional 43 weeks old to 36 weeks old, shortens the generation interval by 16.28%, quickens the genetic progress, and saves the breeding cost of a breeding farm.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of genetic breeding of chickens, in particular to a new variety breeding method for improving the proportion of offspring cock of yellow-feather broilers.
Background
Yellow feather broilers refer to local chicken species or species artificially cultivated with local chicken species as materials. In general, the roosters of yellow-feather broilers are more favored by consumers than the hens, and the sales price of the hatchlings is generally significantly higher than that of the hatchlings. Under natural conditions or without special manual selection, the proportion of the cocks and the hens in the chickens of the hen group of the yellow-feather broilers is half or less. However, the ratio of the male chicks to the female chicks in the offspring of each individual yellow feather broiler is not completely consistent, some individual hens are more in the offspring, and some individual hens are more in the offspring, on the other hand, when the same hen is matched with different hens, the ratio of the male chicks in the offspring is also not the same.
Therefore, in view of special demands of markets and consumers on yellow-feather broilers, the invention provides a new variety breeding method for improving the proportion of offspring cock of yellow-feather broilers, which does not greatly improve the proportion of offspring cock, increases seed production income, innovatively provides a concept and a method for selecting mixed macro family groups, shortens generation intervals, accelerates genetic progress, and has important significance for promoting progress of technology of broiler breeds in China.
The invention aims to provide a new variety breeding method for improving the proportion of offspring cock of yellow-feather broiler chickens, and in order to achieve the purposes, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the new variety breeding method for improving the offspring cock proportion of yellow feather broilers comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting a mixed macro family group: selecting broiler breeds, raising the chickens until the egg laying peak period, selecting more than 1000 roosters and more than 20000 hens, constructing more than 100 mixed macrofamilies according to proportion, naturally mating the chickens to 36 weeks old in a parallel raising mode, collecting all eggs of each macrofamily, carrying out family hatching respectively, counting the number and proportion of the roosters in offspring chicks of each macrofamily, carrying out difference significance test, selecting macrofamilies with the number of the hatchlings being significantly greater than that of the hatchlings in offspring chicks as an alternative group A, and raising the latest offspring chicks of the alternative group A before 36 weeks old to Gao Fengzhou years old as an alternative group B;
s2, selection of a cock family group and individual selection in the family: selecting more than 300 cocks and more than 3000 hens in a 36-week-old alternative group A, constructing more than 300 cocks families according to proportion, collecting hatching eggs of each hen in each family, respectively carrying out family hatching, counting the number and proportion of cocks in offspring chicks of each family, carrying out difference significance test, firstly selecting families with the number of cocks being significantly more than that of the chicks in offspring chicks as an alternative group C, then counting the number and proportion of cocks in each hen offspring chick in each family of the alternative group C, and selecting hen individuals with the number of cocks being significantly more than that of the chicks in offspring chicks as an alternative group D;
s3, after backcross, selecting a cock family group and selecting individuals in the family: selecting more than 200 candidate group B cocks and more than 2000 candidate group D hens, constructing more than 300 cocks according to proportion, artificially inseminating to 72 weeks old, collecting eggs of each hen in each family, respectively carrying out family hatching, counting the number and proportion of cocks in each family offspring chick, carrying out difference significance test, firstly selecting a family with the number of cocks being significantly greater than that of the chicks in the offspring chicks as a candidate group E, then counting the number and proportion of cocks in each hen offspring chick in each family of the candidate group E, selecting a hen individual with the number of cocks being significantly greater than that of the chicks in the offspring chicks as a candidate group F, and carrying out mating on the candidate group E cocks and the candidate group F hens, and selecting the offspring chicks as a candidate group G;
s4, subculture breeding: adopting an alternative group G, repeating the breeding process of the steps S1-S3 for two generations, then raising the chickens of the 4 th generation to 36 weeks old, constructing 100 families according to the male-female proportion, hatching in a family system by artificial insemination, selecting families with the number of the hatchlings being more than 20% of that of the hatchlings in the remaining offspring as species, and taking the offspring of the families as a 5 th generation group, wherein the 5 th generation group is a new variety of newly-cultivated yellow-feather broilers with high proportion of the hatchlings.
Preferably, the broiler variety in the S1 is a high-yellow-feather broiler large constant S07 line, and the cage raising egg laying peak time is 28 weeks old.
Preferably, the family hatching frequency in the S1 is once every 7 days, and the proportion of the mixed macrofamilies in the S1 is 10 roosters and 100 hens.
Preferably, the proportion of the rooster family in the S2 is 1 rooster and 10 hens, and the rooster family adopts a single cage feeding mode and is subjected to artificial insemination to 66 weeks of age.
Preferably, the frequency of the pedigree incubation in S2 is once every 10 days.
Preferably, the proportion of cocks and hens in one cocktail family in the S3 is 1 cocktail and 10 hens, and the frequency of family hatching in the S3 is once every 10 days.
Preferably, the male-female ratio of the family in S4 is 1:10.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the new yellow-feather broiler cultivated by the hybridization improvement method maintains the high yield characteristics of breeding materials, the offspring chick proportion is greatly improved, the breeding profit is quite considerable, the generation interval is shortened, the genetic progress is quickened, the breeding cost is saved, 137 chicks can be provided for 66 weeks old in the new breed, wherein the chicks are 79, 58 chicks are increased by 10.5 in a natural state, the chick proportion is improved by 15.33%, the breeding income of a breeding farm is improved by 5.11% according to the fact that the price of the chick at market price is 2 times that of the chick, in addition, the breeding method shortens the breeding generation interval of the chickens from the traditional 43 th to 36 th week, shortens the generation interval by 16.28%, quickens the genetic progress and saves the breeding cost of a breeding farm.
Description of the embodiments
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will clearly and fully describe the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by one of ordinary skill in the art without undue burden from the inventor, are within the scope of the invention.
The new variety breeding method for improving the offspring cock proportion of yellow feather broilers comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting a mixed macro family group: selecting broiler breeds, raising the chickens until the egg laying peak period, selecting more than 1000 roosters and more than 20000 hens, constructing more than 100 mixed macrofamilies according to proportion, naturally mating the chickens to 36 weeks old in a parallel raising mode, collecting all eggs of each macrofamily, carrying out family hatching respectively, counting the number and proportion of the roosters in offspring chicks of each macrofamily, carrying out difference significance test, selecting macrofamilies with the number of the hatchlings being significantly greater than that of the hatchlings in offspring chicks as an alternative group A, and raising the latest offspring chicks of the alternative group A before 36 weeks old to Gao Fengzhou years old as an alternative group B;
s2, selection of a cock family group and individual selection in the family: selecting more than 300 cocks and more than 3000 hens in a 36-week-old alternative group A, constructing more than 300 cocks families according to proportion, collecting hatching eggs of each hen in each family, respectively carrying out family hatching, counting the number and proportion of cocks in offspring chicks of each family, carrying out difference significance test, firstly selecting families with the number of cocks being significantly more than that of the chicks in offspring chicks as an alternative group C, then counting the number and proportion of cocks in each hen offspring chick in each family of the alternative group C, and selecting hen individuals with the number of cocks being significantly more than that of the chicks in offspring chicks as an alternative group D;
s3, after backcross, selecting a cock family group and selecting individuals in the family: selecting more than 200 candidate group B cocks and more than 2000 candidate group D hens, constructing more than 300 cocks according to proportion, artificially inseminating to 72 weeks old, collecting eggs of each hen in each family, respectively carrying out family hatching, counting the number and proportion of cocks in each family offspring chick, carrying out difference significance test, firstly selecting a family with the number of cocks being significantly greater than that of the chicks in the offspring chicks as a candidate group E, then counting the number and proportion of cocks in each hen offspring chick in each family of the candidate group E, selecting a hen individual with the number of cocks being significantly greater than that of the chicks in the offspring chicks as a candidate group F, and carrying out mating on the candidate group E cocks and the candidate group F hens, and selecting the offspring chicks as a candidate group G;
s4, subculture breeding: adopting an alternative group G, repeating the breeding process of the steps S1-S3 for two generations, then raising the chickens of the 4 th generation to 36 weeks old, constructing 100 families according to the male-female proportion, hatching in a family system by artificial insemination, selecting families with the number of the hatchlings being more than 20% of that of the hatchlings in the remaining offspring as species, and taking the offspring of the families as a 5 th generation group, wherein the 5 th generation group is a new variety of newly-cultivated yellow-feather broilers with high proportion of the hatchlings.
Examples
The new variety breeding method for improving the offspring cock proportion of yellow feather broilers comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting a mixed macro family group: selecting broiler breeds, raising the chickens until the egg laying peak period, selecting more than 1000 roosters and more than 20000 hens, constructing more than 100 mixed macrofamilies according to proportion, naturally mating the chickens to 36 weeks old in a parallel raising mode, collecting all eggs of each macrofamily, carrying out family hatching respectively, counting the number and proportion of the roosters in offspring chicks of each macrofamily, carrying out difference significance test, selecting macrofamilies with the number of the hatchlings being significantly greater than that of the hatchlings in offspring chicks as an alternative group A, and raising the latest offspring chicks of the alternative group A before 36 weeks old to Gao Fengzhou years old as an alternative group B;
s2, selection of a cock family group and individual selection in the family: selecting more than 300 cocks and more than 3000 hens in a 36-week-old alternative group A, constructing more than 300 cocks families according to proportion, collecting hatching eggs of each hen in each family, respectively carrying out family hatching, counting the number and proportion of cocks in offspring chicks of each family, carrying out difference significance test, firstly selecting families with the number of cocks being significantly more than that of the chicks in offspring chicks as an alternative group C, then counting the number and proportion of cocks in each hen offspring chick in each family of the alternative group C, and selecting hen individuals with the number of cocks being significantly more than that of the chicks in offspring chicks as an alternative group D;
s3, after backcross, selecting a cock family group and selecting individuals in the family: selecting more than 200 candidate group B cocks and more than 2000 candidate group D hens, constructing more than 300 cocks according to proportion, artificially inseminating to 72 weeks old, collecting eggs of each hen in each family, respectively carrying out family hatching, counting the number and proportion of cocks in each family offspring chick, carrying out difference significance test, firstly selecting a family with the number of cocks being significantly greater than that of the chicks in the offspring chicks as a candidate group E, then counting the number and proportion of cocks in each hen offspring chick in each family of the candidate group E, selecting a hen individual with the number of cocks being significantly greater than that of the chicks in the offspring chicks as a candidate group F, and carrying out mating on the candidate group E cocks and the candidate group F hens, and selecting the offspring chicks as a candidate group G;
s4, subculture breeding: adopting an alternative group G, repeating the breeding process of the steps S1-S3 for two generations, then raising the chicks of the 4 th generation to 36 weeks old, constructing 100 families according to the male-female proportion, hatching in a family system by artificial insemination, selecting families with the number of the chicks being more than 20% of that of the chicks in the remaining offspring as species, and taking the offspring of the families as a 5 th generation group, wherein the 5 th generation group is a new variety of newly-cultivated yellow-feather broilers with high male-female proportion;
in this embodiment: the broiler breeds in the S1 are high-yield yellow-feather broiler large-scale S07 series, the time of the cage raising egg laying peak period is 28 weeks old, the family line hatching frequency in the S1 is once hatching every 7 days, and the proportion of the mixed macrofamilies in the S1 is 10 roosters and 100 hens.
Examples
The new variety breeding method for improving the offspring cock proportion of yellow feather broilers comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting a mixed macro family group: selecting broiler breeds, raising the chickens until the egg laying peak period, selecting more than 1000 roosters and more than 20000 hens, constructing more than 100 mixed macrofamilies according to proportion, naturally mating the chickens to 36 weeks old in a parallel raising mode, collecting all eggs of each macrofamily, carrying out family hatching respectively, counting the number and proportion of the roosters in offspring chicks of each macrofamily, carrying out difference significance test, selecting macrofamilies with the number of the hatchlings being significantly greater than that of the hatchlings in offspring chicks as an alternative group A, and raising the latest offspring chicks of the alternative group A before 36 weeks old to Gao Fengzhou years old as an alternative group B;
s2, selection of a cock family group and individual selection in the family: selecting more than 300 cocks and more than 3000 hens in a 36-week-old alternative group A, constructing more than 300 cocks families according to proportion, collecting hatching eggs of each hen in each family, respectively carrying out family hatching, counting the number and proportion of cocks in offspring chicks of each family, carrying out difference significance test, firstly selecting families with the number of cocks being significantly more than that of the chicks in offspring chicks as an alternative group C, then counting the number and proportion of cocks in each hen offspring chick in each family of the alternative group C, and selecting hen individuals with the number of cocks being significantly more than that of the chicks in offspring chicks as an alternative group D;
s3, after backcross, selecting a cock family group and selecting individuals in the family: selecting more than 200 candidate group B cocks and more than 2000 candidate group D hens, constructing more than 300 cocks according to proportion, artificially inseminating to 72 weeks old, collecting eggs of each hen in each family, respectively carrying out family hatching, counting the number and proportion of cocks in each family offspring chick, carrying out difference significance test, firstly selecting a family with the number of cocks being significantly greater than that of the chicks in the offspring chicks as a candidate group E, then counting the number and proportion of cocks in each hen offspring chick in each family of the candidate group E, selecting a hen individual with the number of cocks being significantly greater than that of the chicks in the offspring chicks as a candidate group F, and carrying out mating on the candidate group E cocks and the candidate group F hens, and selecting the offspring chicks as a candidate group G;
s4, subculture breeding: adopting an alternative group G, repeating the breeding process of the steps S1-S3 for two generations, then raising the chicks of the 4 th generation to 36 weeks old, constructing 100 families according to the male-female proportion, hatching in a family system by artificial insemination, selecting families with the number of the chicks being more than 20% of that of the chicks in the remaining offspring as species, and taking the offspring of the families as a 5 th generation group, wherein the 5 th generation group is a new variety of newly-cultivated yellow-feather broilers with high male-female proportion;
in this embodiment: the broiler breeds in the S1 are high-yield yellow-feather broilers of a constant S07 series, the time of the egg laying peak of cage culture is 28 weeks old, the family-spectrum hatching frequency in the S1 is once every 7 days, the proportion of mixed macrofamilies in the S1 is 10 cocks and 100 hens, the proportion of the family of the cocks in the S2 is 1 cocks and 10 hens, the family of the cocks adopts a single cage feeding mode, artificial insemination is carried out until the age of 66 weeks old, and the family-spectrum hatching frequency in the S2 is once every 10 days.
Examples
The new variety breeding method for improving the offspring cock proportion of yellow feather broilers comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting a mixed macro family group: selecting broiler breeds, raising the chickens until the egg laying peak period, selecting more than 1000 roosters and more than 20000 hens, constructing more than 100 mixed macrofamilies according to proportion, naturally mating the chickens to 36 weeks old in a parallel raising mode, collecting all eggs of each macrofamily, carrying out family hatching respectively, counting the number and proportion of the roosters in offspring chicks of each macrofamily, carrying out difference significance test, selecting macrofamilies with the number of the hatchlings being significantly greater than that of the hatchlings in offspring chicks as an alternative group A, and raising the latest offspring chicks of the alternative group A before 36 weeks old to Gao Fengzhou years old as an alternative group B;
s2, selection of a cock family group and individual selection in the family: selecting more than 300 cocks and more than 3000 hens in a 36-week-old alternative group A, constructing more than 300 cocks families according to proportion, collecting hatching eggs of each hen in each family, respectively carrying out family hatching, counting the number and proportion of cocks in offspring chicks of each family, carrying out difference significance test, firstly selecting families with the number of cocks being significantly more than that of the chicks in offspring chicks as an alternative group C, then counting the number and proportion of cocks in each hen offspring chick in each family of the alternative group C, and selecting hen individuals with the number of cocks being significantly more than that of the chicks in offspring chicks as an alternative group D;
s3, after backcross, selecting a cock family group and selecting individuals in the family: selecting more than 200 candidate group B cocks and more than 2000 candidate group D hens, constructing more than 300 cocks according to proportion, artificially inseminating to 72 weeks old, collecting eggs of each hen in each family, respectively carrying out family hatching, counting the number and proportion of cocks in each family offspring chick, carrying out difference significance test, firstly selecting a family with the number of cocks being significantly greater than that of the chicks in the offspring chicks as a candidate group E, then counting the number and proportion of cocks in each hen offspring chick in each family of the candidate group E, selecting a hen individual with the number of cocks being significantly greater than that of the chicks in the offspring chicks as a candidate group F, and carrying out mating on the candidate group E cocks and the candidate group F hens, and selecting the offspring chicks as a candidate group G;
s4, subculture breeding: adopting an alternative group G, repeating the breeding process of the steps S1-S3 for two generations, then raising the chicks of the 4 th generation to 36 weeks old, constructing 100 families according to the male-female proportion, hatching in a family system by artificial insemination, selecting families with the number of the chicks being more than 20% of that of the chicks in the remaining offspring as species, and taking the offspring of the families as a 5 th generation group, wherein the 5 th generation group is a new variety of newly-cultivated yellow-feather broilers with high male-female proportion;
in this embodiment: the broiler breeds in the S1 are high-yield yellow-feather broilers of the Heng S07 family, the time of the raising peak period of cage eggs is 28 weeks old, the family hatching frequency in the S1 is once every 7 days, the proportion of mixed macrofamilies in the S1 is 10 cocks and 100 hens, the proportion of family of the cocks in the S2 is 1 cocks and 10 hens, the family of the cocks adopts a single cage raising mode, artificial insemination is carried out until 66 weeks old, the family hatching frequency in the S2 is once every 10 days, the proportion of cocks and hens in one family of the cocks in the S3 is 1 cocks and 10 hens, the family hatching frequency in the S3 is once every 10 days, and the family proportion of the cocks in the S4 is 1:10.
Supplementary explanation: when the market preference is changed, in the steps, families and individuals with the number of the hatchlings being higher than that of the hatchlings in the offspring are selected, so that new varieties of yellow-feather broilers with high hatchling proportions can be cultivated.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (7)
1. A new variety breeding method for improving the proportion of offspring cock of yellow feather broiler is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting a mixed macro family group: selecting broiler breeds, raising the chickens until the egg laying peak period, selecting more than 1000 roosters and more than 20000 hens, constructing more than 100 mixed macrofamilies according to proportion, naturally mating the chickens to 36 weeks old in a parallel raising mode, collecting all eggs of each macrofamily, carrying out family hatching respectively, counting the number and proportion of the roosters in offspring chicks of each macrofamily, carrying out difference significance test, selecting macrofamilies with the number of the hatchlings being significantly greater than that of the hatchlings in offspring chicks as an alternative group A, and raising the latest offspring chicks of the alternative group A before 36 weeks old to Gao Fengzhou years old as an alternative group B;
s2, selection of a cock family group and individual selection in the family: selecting more than 300 cocks and more than 3000 hens in a 36-week-old alternative group A, constructing more than 300 cocks families according to proportion, collecting hatching eggs of each hen in each family, respectively carrying out family hatching, counting the number and proportion of cocks in offspring chicks of each family, carrying out difference significance test, firstly selecting families with the number of cocks being significantly more than that of the chicks in offspring chicks as an alternative group C, then counting the number and proportion of cocks in each hen offspring chick in each family of the alternative group C, and selecting hen individuals with the number of cocks being significantly more than that of the chicks in offspring chicks as an alternative group D;
s3, after backcross, selecting a cock family group and selecting individuals in the family: selecting more than 200 candidate group B cocks and more than 2000 candidate group D hens, constructing more than 300 cocks according to proportion, artificially inseminating to 72 weeks old, collecting eggs of each hen in each family, respectively carrying out family hatching, counting the number and proportion of cocks in each family offspring chick, carrying out difference significance test, firstly selecting a family with the number of cocks being significantly greater than that of the chicks in the offspring chicks as a candidate group E, then counting the number and proportion of cocks in each hen offspring chick in each family of the candidate group E, selecting a hen individual with the number of cocks being significantly greater than that of the chicks in the offspring chicks as a candidate group F, and carrying out mating on the candidate group E cocks and the candidate group F hens, and selecting the offspring chicks as a candidate group G;
s4, subculture breeding: adopting an alternative group G, repeating the breeding process of the steps S1-S3 for two generations, then raising the chickens of the 4 th generation to 36 weeks old, constructing 100 families according to the male-female proportion, hatching in a family system by artificial insemination, selecting families with the number of the hatchlings being more than 20% of that of the hatchlings in the remaining offspring as species, and taking the offspring of the families as a 5 th generation group, wherein the 5 th generation group is a new variety of newly-cultivated yellow-feather broilers with high proportion of the hatchlings.
2. The method for breeding new varieties for improving the proportion of offspring cock of yellow-feather broilers according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the broiler variety in the S1 is a high-yield yellow-feather broiler Daheng S07 system, and the cage raising egg laying peak time is 28 weeks old.
3. The method for breeding new varieties for improving the proportion of offspring cock of yellow-feather broilers according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the family hatching frequency in the S1 is that hatching is carried out once every 7 days, and the proportion of the mixed macrofamilies in the S1 is that 10 cocks and 100 hens.
4. The method for breeding new varieties for improving the proportion of offspring cock of yellow-feather broilers according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the proportion of the cock family in the S2 is 1 cock and 10 hens, and the cock family adopts a single cage feeding mode and is subjected to artificial insemination to 66 weeks of age.
5. The method for breeding new varieties for improving the proportion of offspring cock of yellow-feather broilers according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the frequency of the pedigree incubation in the S2 is once every 10 days.
6. The method for breeding new varieties for improving the proportion of offspring cock of yellow-feather broilers according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the proportion of cocks and hens in one cock family in the S3 is 1 cock and 10 hens, and the frequency of genealogy hatching in the S3 is once every 10 days.
7. The method for breeding new varieties for improving the proportion of offspring cock of yellow-feather broilers according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the male-female ratio of the family in the S4 is 1:10.
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| 笼养青脚麻羽优质肉种鸡自然交配公母比例研究;胡陈明;杨朝武;杨礼;夏波;余春林;熊霞;宋晓燕;邱莫寒;张增荣;彭涵;李晴云;刘岚;姜小雨;杜华锐;;中国家禽(第10期);第7-9页 * |
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