CN115189053A - Quick charging method for lead-acid storage battery - Google Patents
Quick charging method for lead-acid storage battery Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN115189053A CN115189053A CN202210633427.XA CN202210633427A CN115189053A CN 115189053 A CN115189053 A CN 115189053A CN 202210633427 A CN202210633427 A CN 202210633427A CN 115189053 A CN115189053 A CN 115189053A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- charging
- battery
- current
- electric quantity
- voltage
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for rapidly charging a lead-acid storage battery, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: s1: setting different constant current charging according to the electric quantity of the storage battery; s2: when the electric quantity of the battery is 0-70%, constant current charging is carried out by adopting a first current; s3: when the electric quantity of the battery is 70% -90%, constant current charging is carried out by adopting a second current; s4: when the electric quantity of the battery is 90-100%, constant current charging is carried out by adopting a third current; s5: when the electric quantity of the battery is larger than or equal to 100% of the rated capacity, constant-voltage current-limiting charging is adopted, the second current is smaller than the first current, and the third current is smaller than the second current. When the electric quantity of the battery is 0, the electric quantity of about 90 percent of the rated capacity of the battery can be charged after charging for 2 hours, and the user requirement can be met after the battery is fully charged after charging for 3 hours; when the battery has partial electric quantity, the battery can be basically fully charged within 3h, constant-voltage 14.8V current-limiting 0.5A charging can not be carried out, so that the deformation proportion of the battery charging drum can be reduced, the water loss rate of the battery is reduced, the heat dissipation requirements on a control chip of the charger and the charger are not high, the cost is low, and the price is in the range born by common consumers.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of storage batteries, and particularly relates to a quick charging method for a lead-acid storage battery.
Background
The charging method of the storage battery of the electric bicycle in the existing market comprises the following steps: (1) The constant voltage charging is a charging method in which a voltage is constant and a charging current varies according to the battery condition, and the overcharge is rarely generated. When the charging current is too large at the beginning of charging, the active material on the positive plate shrinks too fast in volume, and the mechanical strength of the active material is influenced; and the current is small in the later period of charging, so that lead sulfate in the deep part of the polar plate is difficult to reduce, the long-term charging deficiency is formed, and the performance and the service life of the storage battery are influenced. (2) Although the method can realize quick charging, most of current is used for the decomposition of water if the charging current is still unchanged in the later stage of charging, a large amount of bubbles are generated, so that not only is the electric energy consumed, but also active substances on a polar plate are easy to fall off, and the service life of the storage battery is influenced. (3) The charging is carried out in a three-section mode (constant current, constant voltage and trickle), the charging method is combined with a constant current and constant voltage charging mode, and partial chargers also adopt pulse charging to carry out capacity-increasing overcharging.
The charging method can basically meet the requirement of charging the storage battery of the electric bicycle under the slow life rhythm, the charging time is basically 8-12h, and meanwhile, the price of the charger can be accepted by common consumers. Along with the faster and faster pace of life of people, more and more electric vehicle users, especially users who use electric vehicles as livelihood tools, urgently hope that a quick charging method can be provided, the storage batteries of the electric vehicles can be fully charged in a short time, and the service life of the batteries is not influenced. The fast charging method disclosed at present mainly focuses on the fields of handheld electronic devices and the like. In the field of electric vehicle quick charging methods, the technical scheme disclosed in chinese patent No. CN105826625A adopts intermittent constant current charging. The charging current is reduced in sequence from the first step to the Nth step, the charging time is increased gradually, the charging method similar to the pulse charging method is full of the battery, but the charging time is too long, the requirement on a charger chip is high, and the cost is high. In the whole process of three-section charging of the battery of the electric vehicle, the time occupied by the first two stages (constant current and constant voltage) is the largest, and the electric quantity charged into the battery is the largest. Meanwhile, the thermal runaway of most electric vehicle batteries is mainly caused by the fact that the current cannot drop in the constant voltage stage. Therefore, the battery of the electric vehicle needs to be charged with more electric quantity in the constant-current stage as much as possible, and the charging current of the battery can be rapidly reduced in the constant-voltage stage, so that the rapid charging of the battery of the electric vehicle can be met, and the full charging of the battery can be ensured.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention solves the problem of slow charging of the existing lead storage battery charging method of the battery car, and provides a quick charging method of the lead storage battery, which effectively improves the charging speed of the lead storage battery of the battery car, can meet the requirement of quick charging of the battery of the electric car and can ensure the full charging of the battery; the charging method has low requirements on the control chip of the charger and the heat dissipation of the charger, has low cost, has the price within the bearing range of common consumers, and can obtain good charging effect in the charging process.
The technical problem of the invention is mainly solved by the following technical method:
s1: setting different constant current charging according to the electric quantity of the storage battery;
s2: when the electric quantity of the battery is 0-70%, constant current charging is carried out by adopting a first current;
s3: when the electric quantity of the battery is 70% -90%, constant current charging is carried out by adopting a second current;
s4: when the electric quantity of the battery is 90-100%, constant current charging is carried out by adopting a third current;
the second current is less than the first current, and the third current is less than the second current.
Further, the charging method further includes S5: when the electric quantity of the battery is more than or equal to 100% of the rated capacity, constant-voltage current-limiting charging is adopted. Ensuring that the battery is fully charged.
Further, the first current of the S2 is 0.45C-0.55C, and the constant current voltage limiting control is carried out according to the hydrolysis voltage value, and the step S3 is carried out until the battery voltage is V1. The quick power supply, the high charging efficiency, the low heat dissipation to the chip and the charger, and the control cost.
Further, the second current of S3 is 0.3C-0.4C, and the battery voltage first decreases and then increases, and the process proceeds to step S4 until the battery voltage increases to V2. The current is reduced, the hydrogen evolution strength of the negative electrode is reduced, and the sulfuric acid in the separator paper is diffused in time. The charging efficiency is ensured.
Further, the third current of S4 is 3.5A, and the battery voltage first decreases and then increases, and the process proceeds to step S5 when the battery voltage increases to V3. The current is reduced, and the battery is ensured to be charged with more electric quantity.
Further, the charging voltage of S5 is V3, and the charging current is 0.5A. Protect the battery, and ensure that the battery is fully charged.
Further, V1 in S2 is between 13.7V and 13.9V. The decomposition voltage of water.
Further, V2 in S3 is between 14.2V and 14.4V. When the battery is charged to 80% of its capacity, oxygen is evolved, and the charging efficiency is reduced, requiring a further reduction in current.
Further, V3 in S4 is between 14.7V and 14.8V. The charger converts the voltage.
Further, for battery packs with different coefficients, the charging current of the rapid charging method is unchanged, and the charging voltage is the corresponding voltage value multiplied by the corresponding coefficient. To accommodate different battery packs.
The beneficial effects of the invention are: by adopting a quick charging mode, (1) when the battery electric quantity is 0, the electric quantity of about 90 percent of the rated capacity of the battery can be charged after charging for 2 hours, and the user requirements can be met after the battery is fully charged for 3 hours; (2) When the battery has partial electric quantity, the battery can be basically fully charged within 3h, and constant-voltage 14.8V current-limiting 0.5A charging can not be carried out, so that the deformation proportion of the battery charging drum can be reduced, and the water loss rate of the battery can be reduced; (3) The control chip of the charger and the heat dissipation requirement of the charger are not high, the cost is low, and the price is within the bearing range of common consumers.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a voltage-time graph for different charging modes.
Detailed Description
Most electric vehicle chargers adopt a three-section type charging mode, and the charging time is 8-12h. As shown in FIG. 1, for example, a single 6-DZF-20 battery is used, the constant current (constant current 3.5A and constant voltage 14.8V) and constant voltage (constant voltage 14.8V and current limit 0.5A) phases in the charging mode reach 7h, and the charging cannot be performed quickly. The invention optimizes the constant current stage of the charging mode and greatly shortens the charging time of the constant current stage.
The technical scheme of the invention is further specifically described by the following embodiments and the accompanying drawings.
Example (b): the method for rapidly charging the lead-acid storage battery comprises the following steps:
s1: setting different constant current charging according to the electric quantity of the storage battery;
s2: when the electric quantity of the battery is 0-70%, constant current charging is carried out by adopting a first current;
s3: when the electric quantity of the battery is 70% -90%, constant current charging is carried out by adopting a second current;
s4: when the electric quantity of the battery is 90-100%, constant current charging is carried out by adopting a third current;
s5: when the electric quantity of the battery is more than or equal to 100% of the rated capacity, constant-voltage current-limiting charging is adopted.
The specific embodiment is as follows: as shown in fig. 1, a single 6-d zf-20 battery (a general 12V-series battery, with 6 cells connected in series) is taken as an example, and the battery is charged by using a general three-stage charging method and the rapid charging method of the present invention, respectively. And obtaining the relation curve of the battery voltage and the time under different charging methods.
The method for rapidly charging the lead-acid storage battery comprises the following specific steps:
s1: setting different constant current charging according to the electric quantity of the storage battery;
s2: the constant current charging is carried out to 13.7V-13.9V by adopting 0.45C-0.55C. Under the condition that the battery is discharged, on one hand, the electric quantity can be quickly supplemented by adopting large-current charging, on the other hand, the charging efficiency is high, and almost all the charged electric quantity is used for converting positive and negative active substances in the battery; however, too high charging current has higher requirements on the heat dissipation of the charger and the control chip of the charger, and the production cost is too high and easily exceeds the bearing capacity of common consumers. Meanwhile, when the battery is charged with more than 60% of electric quantity, the negative electrode begins to generate hydrogen, when the battery is charged with more than 80% of electric quantity, the positive electrode begins to generate oxygen, part of the current charged at this time is used for decomposing water, and the charging efficiency is reduced, so that the constant current voltage limit value at this stage is controlled to be close to the decomposition voltage of 2.3V/cell of water, and for a common 12V series battery (6 cells are connected in series), the constant current voltage limit value is controlled to be 13.7V-13.9V, as shown in the point A in figure 1. As can be seen from fig. 1, the battery voltage reaches point a at this stage with a fast charging method, and the time is T1; with the ordinary charging method, since constant current charging is always used, the time T5 (about 4.5 h) taken for the battery voltage to reach the A1 point is also substantially three times that of T1 (about 1.5 h). The electric quantity charged into the battery by the two charging methods is equivalent to about 70 percent of the rated capacity of the battery.
And S3, charging to 14.2V-14.4V by adopting a constant current of 0.3C-0.4C. When the battery is charged with electricity with the rated capacity of more than 70% at constant current, the negative electrode begins to generate hydrogen violently, on one hand, the charging efficiency begins to decrease, on the other hand, the problem of insufficient reaction of active substances on the surface of a polar plate is caused due to disturbance of gas and untimely diffusion of sulfuric acid in separator paper, the voltage of the battery is unstable, and the voltage value is a virtual value. After the charging current is reduced, the hydrogen evolution intensity of the negative electrode is reduced, the sulfuric acid in the separator paper is diffused in time, and the voltage of the battery is reduced slightly. As shown in fig. 1, in the rapid charging mode, the battery voltage decreases by a certain extent at the points a and B. In the normal charging mode, the battery voltage does not decrease near points A1 and B1. When the charging current of the battery is reduced to 0.3C-0.4C, the voltage of the battery is increased after being reduced by a small amplitude, and when the charging voltage reaches a uniform voltage value BB 1. The time used in both charging modes is substantially the same, i.e., the time interval between T2T1 is the same as the time interval between T6T 5. The charging current of the fast charging mode at this stage is larger than that of the normal charging mode, so the electric quantity charged by the fast charging method at this stage is higher than that of the normal charging mode. As can be seen from fig. 1, by using the fast charging mode, about 90% of the electric quantity can be charged in 2 hours, while the ordinary charging mode requires at least 5 hours. Therefore, the quick charging mode can meet the requirement of quick charging in a short time for users.
S4: the cell was charged to 14.8V with a 3.5A constant current. After the charging current further decreases, the battery voltage decreases to a certain extent at point B, and after continuous charging, the battery voltage reaches a voltage limiting point 14.8V, as shown at point C in fig. 1. The battery voltage rises from B to C and from B1 to C1 with the same amplitude, but the time interval of T4T3 is larger than the time interval of T7T6 due to the certain amplitude of the battery voltage drop at the point B, and although the charging current is the same, more current is charged. Therefore, in the charging process that the battery voltage also reaches 14.8V, the quick charging mode is adopted, the charged electric quantity is more, and the required time is shorter.
S5: constant pressure 14.8V and flow restriction 0.5A. In the whole constant-current charging process, the charging quantity of the rapid charging method is 107% of the rated capacity, the total time is about 3h, and the battery is fully charged; and the charging capacity of the common charging mode is 86% of the rated capacity, the total time is about 5.4h, the time (T8T 7) of the common charging mode is longer than the time (T4T 3) of the rapid charging mode in the stage of constant voltage 14.8V current limiting 0.5A, the current is larger, the battery charging is not rotated, the battery bulge deformation is caused, and the potential safety hazard is large.
In conclusion, by adopting the quick charging method, when the electric quantity of the battery is 0, the electric quantity of about 90 percent of the rated capacity of the battery can be charged after charging for 2 hours, and the user requirement can be met after the battery is fully charged for 3 hours; when the battery has partial electric quantity, the battery can be basically fully charged within 3h, constant-voltage 14.8V current-limiting 0.5A charging is not required, so that the proportion of battery charging drum deformation can be reduced, the water loss rate of the battery is reduced, and meanwhile, the method has low heat dissipation requirements on a control chip of the charger and the charger, has low cost and has the price within the range born by common consumers.
For battery packs with different coefficients, the charging current adopting a quick charging mode is unchanged, and the charging voltage is obtained by multiplying the corresponding voltage value by the corresponding coefficient.
The above-described embodiment is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way, and other variations and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A method for rapidly charging a lead-acid storage battery is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: setting different constant current charging according to the electric quantity of the storage battery;
s2: when the electric quantity of the battery is 0-70%, constant current charging is carried out by adopting a first current;
s3: when the electric quantity of the battery is 70% -90%, constant current charging is carried out by adopting a second current;
s4: when the electric quantity of the battery is 90-100%, constant current charging is carried out by adopting a third current;
the second current is less than the first current, and the third current is less than the second current.
2. The method for rapidly charging a lead-acid storage battery according to claim 1,
the charging method further includes S5: when the electric quantity of the battery is more than or equal to 100% of the rated capacity, constant-voltage current-limiting charging is adopted.
3. The method for rapidly charging a lead-acid battery according to claim 1 or 2,
and the first current of the S2 is 0.45C-0.55C, and the constant current voltage limiting control is carried out according to the hydrolysis voltage value, and the step S3 is carried out until the battery voltage is V1.
4. A method for rapidly charging a lead-acid battery according to claim 3,
the second current of S3 is 0.3C-0.4C, the battery voltage firstly drops and then rises, and the step S4 is carried out when the battery voltage rises to V2.
5. The method for rapidly charging a lead-acid storage battery according to claim 4,
and the third current of the S4 is 3.5A, the battery voltage firstly drops and then rises, and the step S5 is carried out until the battery voltage rises to V3.
6. The method for rapidly charging a lead-acid storage battery according to claim 5,
and the charging voltage of the S5 is V3, and the charging current is 0.5A.
7. The method for rapidly charging a lead-acid storage battery according to claim 6,
in S2, V1 is between 13.7V and 13.9V.
8. The method for rapidly charging a lead-acid storage battery according to claim 7,
in S3, V2 is between 14.2V and 14.4V.
9. The method for rapidly charging a lead-acid storage battery according to claim 8,
in S4, V3 is between 14.7V and 14.8V.
10. The method for rapidly charging a lead-acid storage battery according to claim 9, wherein the charging current of the rapid charging method is constant for battery packs with different coefficients, and the charging voltage is obtained by multiplying the corresponding voltage value by the corresponding coefficient.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210633427.XA CN115189053A (en) | 2022-06-06 | 2022-06-06 | Quick charging method for lead-acid storage battery |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210633427.XA CN115189053A (en) | 2022-06-06 | 2022-06-06 | Quick charging method for lead-acid storage battery |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN115189053A true CN115189053A (en) | 2022-10-14 |
Family
ID=83513375
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210633427.XA Pending CN115189053A (en) | 2022-06-06 | 2022-06-06 | Quick charging method for lead-acid storage battery |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN115189053A (en) |
-
2022
- 2022-06-06 CN CN202210633427.XA patent/CN115189053A/en active Pending
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| Barsukov et al. | Battery power management for portable devices | |
| CN101803144B (en) | Power supply system | |
| CN105308825B (en) | Precharge for DC-AC inverter and voltage supply system | |
| CN100375367C (en) | Storage battery converting interval constant voltage charger and charging method | |
| CN111267626A (en) | Braking energy recovery method and system and electric automobile | |
| CN202817127U (en) | Lead-acid storage battery for electric assistant vehicle | |
| CN101127448A (en) | A pulse constant energy charging method and its charging device for lead acid battery | |
| CN115189053A (en) | Quick charging method for lead-acid storage battery | |
| WO2002039562A3 (en) | Charger for a rechargeable nickel-zinc battery | |
| CN101964431B (en) | Multi-stage constant-voltage charging method of lithium secondary battery | |
| JP2023513737A (en) | sodium ion battery pack | |
| CN111740179A (en) | Charging method of storage battery | |
| CN100401576C (en) | Intermittent flow charging method for accumulator | |
| CN201025677Y (en) | Accumulator charger | |
| CN201041946Y (en) | Self-excited negative impulse voltage stabilization balance battery | |
| CN206012875U (en) | A kind of novel electric vehicle emergency power supply | |
| Yahmadi et al. | Analysis approach of the formation current profiles impact on the lead acid battery manufacturing | |
| CN208142310U (en) | It is a kind of to facilitate the battery for being radiated and being kept the temperature | |
| CN201725830U (en) | Accumulator plate | |
| CN108550935A (en) | A kind of lead-acid battery of electric vehicle fast charge method | |
| CN213693204U (en) | Battery charging and discharging circuit device | |
| CN203445672U (en) | Auxiliary charging device of storage battery pack | |
| Weng et al. | A new charging method for directional DC-DC converters based on MAS theory | |
| CN215067167U (en) | Automatic detection equipment for performance of storage battery | |
| CN118263548A (en) | Method for charging lead storage battery and charger using same |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination |