CN201041946Y - Self-excited negative impulse voltage stabilization balance battery - Google Patents
Self-excited negative impulse voltage stabilization balance battery Download PDFInfo
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- CN201041946Y CN201041946Y CNU2006200732424U CN200620073242U CN201041946Y CN 201041946 Y CN201041946 Y CN 201041946Y CN U2006200732424 U CNU2006200732424 U CN U2006200732424U CN 200620073242 U CN200620073242 U CN 200620073242U CN 201041946 Y CN201041946 Y CN 201041946Y
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Abstract
The utility model discloses various monomeric auto-exciting negative pulse voltage-stabilizing batteries that are used in series in an accumulator battery or an accumulator cell. A control module is embedded in or outlaid on a battery. The control module can generate negative pulse auto-excitedly, eliminate the viscosity polarization and ohm polarization produced at the final stage of the charging pile, improve the charging receptivity, balance the terminal voltage of each monomer in the pile automatically and achieve the goal of balance and consistency. The utility model is commonly applicable to the accumulator field of lead-acid battery, valve-controlled lead-acid battery used by UPS, nickel-hydrogen battery, lithium ion battery, dual-energy power battery, battery for forktrucks and minitype valve-controlled lead-acid battery, etc., and the utility model is used for electric vehicles such as power-assisted bicycles, electric motorcycles, electric automobiles and so on which need a plurality of monomers to be connected in series for using and have demands for consistency.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a storage battery or each monomer among the battery unit that series connection was used are often used for the lead acid battery for electric vehicles such as moped, electric motorcycle, electric automobile, valve regulated lead acid battery, nickel-hydrogen battery, lithium ion battery, dual energy power battery, fork truck battery, small-size valve regulated lead acid battery etc. and need a plurality of monomer series connection use and have the battery field of demand to the uniformity.
Background
The storage battery pack is composed of a plurality of storage battery monomers, the charging control generally only controls the current and the voltage of the whole battery pack, and due to the objective difference among the battery monomers, no matter how the battery is assembled before leaving a factory, the capacity and the voltage among the battery monomers always have different values after multiple charging and discharging cycles, which is a ubiquitous reality. Therefore, during the charging process, the battery cell with high voltage is easy to be over-charged and damaged, and the battery cell with small capacity is easy to be over-discharged and cannot be fully supplemented and damaged.
In order to solve the problem, people make continuous efforts and achieve certain effects, but the problems also exist:
CN1275829A discloses a circuit connected to the outside of the battery, which adjusts the charge balance between adjacent battery cells through a resonant circuit. The balancing problem of the battery pack is solved. There are also significant disadvantages: 1. no matter the battery pack is in the final charging stage or the later discharging stage, as long as the voltage of the battery monomers is different, the circuit carries out the back and forth movement of the electric charge, and practice proves that even if the energy conversion rate of the resonance circuit can reach 90%, the energy is not wasted, and finally the actual use capacity of the battery pack is greatly reduced. 2. The resonant circuit has a complex structure and high cost, and has no practical application value in many fields, such as: a group of common 36V electric moped batteries has 18 single cells in total, so that 17 sets of resonant circuits are needed, and the cost of the resonant circuits is at least 2 times higher than the value of the batteries.
CN1667909A discloses a circuit, the general principle of which is similar to CN1275829A, but the elimination of the resonant circuit and the replacement by a shunt resistor indeed reduces the cost, but there are also obvious disadvantages: 1. if the difference between the single bodies of the battery pack is large, the bypass heating by the resistor is serious, and the heat dissipation becomes a new problem in practical application; 2. during the charging process of the battery, the voltage is high and is not necessarily large in capacity, but the internal resistance of the battery is possibly large, and if the voltage is higher, the battery is discharged, so that a unit with small capacity is not easy to be fully charged. The actual capacity of the battery pack with a higher voltage at the end of discharge is larger, and if the battery pack with a larger capacity is discharged, the actual capacity of the entire battery pack is determined by the cell with the smallest capacity, which may cause the battery pack to reach the end of use earlier.
Referring to many methods for solving the problem of battery pack balancing, the first method is a "charge transfer method", and the general idea is the same regardless of whether a resonant circuit, a DC-DC conversion circuit or other charge transfer circuits are used, so that the problem of voltage balancing is solved to a certain extent, but the disadvantages are obvious, and the practical application is not easy to popularize. The second method is by-pass discharge, which discharges charge to voltage balance, whether setting the voltage or using a voltage comparator. These methods have some help for voltage balance, but still do not solve the most fundamental problems of battery capacity balance and charge acceptance rate, and still have obvious disadvantages.
To solve this problem thoroughly and skillfully, the electrochemical principle of the battery must be understood deeply. In a battery with water-electrolyte, the electrochemical reaction has approximately the same mechanism in terms of water decomposition, absorption, ohmic polarization at the end of charge, and concentration polarization of the electrolyte. We will now describe this problem by taking a valve-regulated lead-acid battery as an example.
In the final charging stage of the valve-regulated lead-acid storage battery, when most of the lead sulfate of the positive electrode is converted into lead dioxide and most of the lead sulfate of the negative electrode is converted into spongy lead, the following conditions occur:
1. the sulfuric acid concentration in the electrolyte increases, and the sulfuric acid concentration is approximately related to the battery electromotive force by the following relationship: electromotive force = (electrolyte density + 0.85) V, so as the electrolyte concentration increases, the battery electromotive force naturally increases;
2. a static electric field exists in the battery, and the direction of the static electric field is from the positive pole to the negative pole, so that H in the electrolyte + Moves to the negative electrode under the action of the electric field and is gathered at the periphery of the negative electrodeHigher ion concentration is formed; for the same reason, SO near the positive plate 4 2- The concentration is higher, and particularly when an internal electric field is enhanced at the final stage of charging, the concentration aggregation phenomenon is more obvious, namely concentration polarization which is often called by people and improves the electromotive force of the battery;
3. under the action of a direct current electric field, a conductor has a tendency of blocking current passing, namely ohmic polarization, and particularly, a storage battery is equivalent to a capacitor which has the characteristics of alternating current passing and direct current blocking. Ohmic polarization is particularly pronounced at the end of the charging of the battery.
All of the above 3 cases are represented by an increase in electromotive force at the end of charging of the battery, and when the electromotive force increases to a certain extent and exceeds the oxygen evolution overpotential, the following reaction may occur inside the battery:
H 2 o (Electrolysis) → H 2 ↑+O 2 ↑
In fact, the overpotentials for oxygen evolution and hydrogen evolution are different in the electrolysis process, that is, when the electromotive force does not reach the overpotential for hydrogen evolution, hydrogen is not generated, but oxygen is generated.
Oxygen generated on the surface of the positive electrode of the battery passes through the separator to reach the surface of the negative electrode to react with sponge-like lead under the action of concentration diffusion to generate lead sulfate + H 2 And O, continuously charging, and reducing the lead sulfate into spongy lead. In which process the water is decomposed and reduced again. The principle of cathode absorption is known. If the electromotive force of the battery is further increased to the hydrogen evolution overpotential, hydrogen is generated, the hydrogen is not easily reduced, water is decomposed, and for the battery, the performance of the water after decomposition is destroyed.
These principles are well understood by those skilled in the art of batteries. We discuss the aim that if the electromotive force of the battery can be maintained between the hydrogen evolution overpotential and the oxygen evolution overpotential, the water is not decomposed at the end of the charge, and the excess of the charged energy is used for the endless oxygen recombination.
However, in the case of 3 cases above the end of charging, the electromotive force inevitably rises further. In particular, in the battery pack, although the charger has a limitation on the charging voltage, the high cell voltage causes hydrogen gas to be evolved due to the imbalance of the cell voltage, and the low cell voltage causes only the oxygen recombination cycle. Once the uniformity of the stack of single hydrogen evolution cells is more variable, this imbalance is a vicious cycle until it is unusable.
The above 2 patents also disclose a method of "voltage unloading" to overcome the problem of further increase in electromotive force. But the most effective method is to overcome the generation of "concentration polarization" and "ohmic polarization". Therefore, a charger capable of generating a large current and discharging for a short time at the final stage of charging is manufactured to surely exert a certain effect. However, the charger can act on the whole battery set at the same time, but the problem of unbalance among batteries cannot be solved, and the phenomenon of hydrogen evolution of the single battery with high voltage still exists.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims at providing a can keep the equilibrium of group battery, longer self-excited negative pulse steady voltage battery of life.
The technical scheme of the utility model is like this: the self-excited negative pulse voltage-stabilizing battery comprises a storage battery and a control circuit module, wherein a control circuit of the control circuit module is connected between the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the storage battery, the control circuit comprises a voltage-stabilizing switch circuit, a digital pulse waveform generating circuit and a power amplifying circuit, and the voltage-stabilizing switch circuit is connected to the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the storage battery body to control the on-off of a power supply of the control circuit; the control voltage input end of the digital pulse waveform generating circuit is connected with the discharge end of the digital pulse waveform generating circuit, the threshold end of the digital pulse waveform generating circuit is connected with the trigger end of the digital pulse waveform generating circuit, the output end of the digital pulse waveform generating circuit is connected with the input end of the power amplifying circuit, and the output end of the power amplifying circuit is connected with the grounding end of the digital pulse waveform generating circuit.
The digital pulse waveform generator is characterized by further comprising a pulse width automatic regulating circuit, wherein a control voltage input end of the digital pulse waveform generator is connected with one output end of the pulse width automatic regulating circuit, and a threshold end of the digital pulse waveform generator is connected with the other output end of the pulse width automatic regulating circuit.
The voltage stabilizing switch circuit comprises a current limiting resistor, a voltage stabilizing tube and a high-power tube, wherein one end of the current limiting resistor is connected with the anode of the storage battery, the other end of the current limiting resistor is connected with the cathode of the voltage stabilizing tube, the anode of the voltage stabilizing tube is connected with the base electrode of the high-power tube, the collector electrode of the high-power tube is connected with the grounding end of the digital pulse waveform generating circuit, and the emitter electrode of the high-power tube is connected with the cathode of the storage battery.
The digital pulse waveform generating circuit comprises a voltage divider, a comparator consisting of a first integrated operational amplifier and a second integrated operational amplifier which are identical in structure, an RS trigger, an NAND gate, an inverter and a discharge switch tube, wherein one end of the voltage divider is connected with the positive electrode of the storage battery, the other end of the voltage divider is connected with an emitter (ground terminal) of the discharge switch tube, the first voltage dividing output end of the voltage divider is respectively connected with the non-inverting input end (control voltage input end) of the first integrated operational amplifier and the collector of the discharge switch tube, the second voltage dividing output end of the voltage divider is connected with the inverting input end of the second integrated operational amplifier, the inverting input end (threshold end) of the first integrated operational amplifier is connected with the non-inverting input end (trigger end) of the second integrated operational amplifier, the output end of the first integrated operational amplifier is connected with the reset end of the RS trigger, the output end of the second integrated operational amplifier is connected with the set end of the RS trigger, the output end of the RS trigger is connected with one input end of the NAND gate, the other input end of the storage battery is connected with the output end of the non-gate, the output end of the non-gate is respectively connected with the input end of the inverter and the base of the discharge switch tube, and the output end of the power amplifying circuit is connected with the output end of the power amplifying circuit.
The pulse width automatic regulating circuit comprises a first resistor, a second resistor and a capacitor, wherein one end of the first resistor is connected with the anode of the storage battery, the other end of the first resistor is respectively connected with a control voltage input end of the digital pulse waveform generating circuit, one end of the second resistor and a discharge end of the digital pulse waveform generating circuit, the other end of the second resistor is respectively connected with one end of the capacitor, a threshold end of the digital pulse waveform generating circuit and a trigger end of the digital pulse waveform generating circuit, and the other end of the capacitor is connected with a grounding end of the digital pulse waveform generating circuit.
The power amplifying circuit comprises a first power amplifying tube and a second power amplifying tube, wherein the collectors of the first power amplifying tube and the second power amplifying tube are respectively connected to the anode of the storage battery through current-limiting resistors, the base of the first power amplifying tube is connected to the output end of the digital pulse waveform generating circuit through a resistor, the emitter of the first power amplifying tube is connected with the base of the second power amplifying tube, and the emitter of the second power amplifying tube is connected with the grounding end of the digital pulse waveform generating circuit.
The control circuit module is built in the battery.
The control circuit module is hung outside the storage battery.
After the technical scheme is adopted, the utility model discloses a balanced battery of auto-excitation undershoot steady voltage compares with prior art, has following characteristics:
1. the control circuit module is embedded into the storage battery, the control circuit module is completed on the premise of not increasing the original volume of the storage battery, the adaptability is very strong in practical application, and the control circuit module is easy to popularize and popularize. The battery does not need to be additionally provided with any conducting wire during installation and use, and the popularization and the promotion of the product do not need any matching change.
2. The control voltage is set precisely, when the storage battery reaches the final charging stage, the control circuit is started, and the control circuit is in a closed state when the storage battery works normally, so that no redundant energy is wasted, and the self-discharge of the storage process of the battery is not increased.
3. In the final stage of charging, when the single storage battery reaches the protection voltage, the starting circuit works to generate negative pulses between the anode and the cathode of the storage battery, the negative pulses form a loop in the storage battery unit and the control circuit, no influence is caused on the whole battery pack and a load, concentration polarization and ohmic polarization of electrolyte generated in the final stage of charging of the storage battery are mainly solved, hydrogen generation is inhibited, and redundant charging energy is consumed in the circulation compounding of gas in the storage battery. Practice proves that the natural balance method is favorable for full conversion of active substances of the storage battery and does not cause too much power consumption of a circuit. The build-in of the control circuit module becomes possible.
4. In the storage battery pack, because a single storage battery is provided with a control circuit module, a control circuit of a storage battery unit which is fully charged is started first, overcharge is not continued, and the rest storage batteries which are not fully charged are continuously charged. This property is not particularly required for chargers in practical use, and can be adapted to either a three-stage pure dc charger or a charger with a final pulsating waveform.
It is particularly important that with the "charge wait" function, the battery pack does not require the balancing of the discharge process, and assuming one cell is overdischarged during one discharge, other cells are saturated during the next charge cycle, automatically waiting for the overdischarged cell to replenish with sufficient charge. This dynamic balance is not readily apparent in practical applications and is macroscopically manifested as a high degree of uniformity in battery performance;
5. the pulse width of the pulse generated by the control circuit is automatically adjusted along with the change of the charging saturation of the storage battery, when the storage battery is charged and saturated, the electric quantity counteracted by the negative pulse is the electric quantity output by the charger minus the electric quantity compositely consumed by the gas in the storage battery, and the dynamic balance is automatically completed in the control of the control circuit module, namely if the capacity difference of the battery pack is larger, the negative pulse is stronger, and the complete coordination is achieved, so that the balance of the battery pack is always kept, and the service life of the battery pack is prolonged.
The heating of the controller can be increased due to overlarge pulse, but the circuit is ingenious in that the charging internal resistance barrier is eliminated by exciting the movement of ions in the storage battery, most of redundant current is digested in the storage battery through the compounding of gas, and the negative pulse plays a role in 'four-two stirring jack' in the middle.
6. The control circuit module is implanted before the storage battery leaves a factory, and the main task of the control circuit module is to prevent the storage battery from pulling apart the monomer difference in use. Instead of compensating after the difference occurs, the power actually consumed by the control circuit module is very small.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a control circuit diagram of the present invention.
FIG. 3 shows the charging voltage U of the battery with a rated voltage of 12V BT When the voltage rises from 14.6V to 15.0V, the waveform of the negative pulse current changes.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a specific application example of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a waveform diagram of the current flowing in the battery at the end of charging of the battery No. 1 in fig. 4.
Fig. 6 is a waveform diagram of the current flowing in the battery at the end of charging of the battery No. 2 in fig. 4.
Fig. 7 is a waveform diagram of the current flowing in the battery at the end of charging of the battery No. 3 in fig. 4.
Fig. 8 is a waveform diagram of the internal current of the battery before the No. 1 battery in fig. 4 is charged to saturation and the charger is in a floating state.
Fig. 9 is a waveform diagram of the internal current of the battery before the No. 2 battery in fig. 4 is charged to saturation and the charger is in a floating state.
Fig. 10 is a waveform diagram of the internal current of the battery before the No. 3 battery in fig. 4 is charged to saturation and the charger is in a floating state.
Detailed Description
The utility model discloses balanced battery of self excitation negative pulse steady voltage to 12V20Ah 2Hr electric motor car non-maintaining lead acid battery is illustrated as an example, and its appearance structure is shown as figure 1, including battery 1 with inlay control circuit module 2 at the battery upper cover, whole battery 1 and control circuit module 2 constitute a complete harmonious whole, and the external dimension keeps unanimous with original national standard regulation. The circuit and the connecting wires are completely isolated from the electrolyte by special structures and sealing materials inside the housing. Of course, the control circuit module 2 of the present invention may be hung outside the battery 1.
As shown in fig. 2, the control circuit of the control circuit module 2 includes a voltage stabilizing switch circuit, a digital pulse waveform generating circuit, a pulse width automatic adjusting circuit and a power amplifying circuit.
The voltage stabilizing switch circuit comprises a current limiting resistor R6, a voltage stabilizing tube VDZ and a high-power tube VT3, one end of the current limiting resistor R6 is connected with the anode of the storage battery 1, the other end of the current limiting resistor R6 is connected with the cathode of the voltage stabilizing tube VDZ, the anode of the voltage stabilizing tube VDZ is connected with the base of the high-power tube VT3, the collector of the high-power tube VT3 is connected with the grounding end of the digital pulse waveform generating circuit, and the emitter of the high-power tube VT3 is connected with the cathode of the storage battery 1. When the charging voltage of the storage battery 1 reaches a set charging saturation voltage value, the voltage stabilizing tube VDz is reversely broken down, and the high-power tube VT 3 And the whole control circuit is switched on, and the power supply is switched on to enter a working state. When the voltage of the storage battery 1 is lower than a set value, the power supply of the whole control circuit is turned off.
The digital pulse waveform generating circuit comprises a voltage divider consisting of 3 voltage dividing resistors R7, R8 and R9 of 5K, a comparator consisting of an integrated operational amplifier A1 and an integrated operational amplifier A2 which are identical in structure, an RS trigger consisting of NAND gates G1 and G2, a NAND gate G3, an inverter G4 and a discharge switch tube VTD. One end of the divider resistor R7 is connected with the anode of the storage battery 1, the other end of the divider resistor R7 is respectively connected with one end of the divider resistor R8, the non-inverting input end (the control voltage input end of the digital pulse waveform generating circuit) of the integrated operational amplifier A1 and the emitter (the grounding end of the digital pulse waveform generating circuit) of the discharge switch tube VTD, the other end of the divider resistor R8 is respectively connected with the inverting input end of the integrated operational amplifier A2 and one end of the divider resistor R9, and the other end of the divider resistor R9 is connected with the emitter of the discharge switch tube VTD. The inverting input end (the threshold end of the digital pulse waveform generating circuit) of the integrated operational amplifier A1 is connected with the non-inverting input end (the trigger end of the digital pulse waveform generating circuit) of the integrated operational amplifier A2, the output end of the integrated operational amplifier A1 is connected with the reset end of the NAND gate G1 in the RS trigger, the output end of the integrated operational amplifier A2 is connected with the setting end of the NAND gate G2 in the RS trigger, the output end of the RS trigger is connected with one input end of the NAND gate G3, the other input end of the NAND gate G3 is connected with the anode of the storage battery 1, the output ends of the NAND gate G3 are respectively connected with the input end of the inverter G4 and the base of the discharge switching tube VTD, and the output end (the output end of the digital pulse waveform generating circuit) of the inverter G4 is connected with the input end of the power amplifying circuit. The utility model discloses well digital pulse waveform generation circuit also can be accomplished by IC.
The utility model discloses in, the voltage divider is established ties by resistance R7, R8, R9 of three equivalence (5K) and forms, divide into the trisection with mains voltage, and the effect provides two reference voltage U for integrated operational amplifier A1, A2 R1 、U R2 If the control voltage input terminal S of the digital pulse waveform generating circuit is suspended or grounded through a capacitor, then:
if the control voltage is applied to the control voltage input terminal S, then:
U R1 ＝U S
integrated operational amplifier A 1 For comparing reference voltage U R1 And a threshold terminal voltage U TH : when U is turned TH ＞U R1 Integrated operational amplifier A 1 Output U o1 =0; when U is turned TH ＜U R1 Integrated operational amplifier A 1 Output U o1 And =1. Integrated operational amplifier A 2 For comparing reference voltages U R2 And trigger terminal voltage
When in use
Integrated operational amplifier A 2 Output U o2 =1; when in useIntegrated operational amplifier A 2 Output U o2 ＝0。
RS basic flip-flop when RS =01, Q =0,when RS =10, Q =1,
base electrode of VTD of discharge switch tube is received basic RS trigger output end
And (5) controlling. When in use
When the switch tube VTD is turned on, the discharge end D provides discharge for the external circuit through the conducted triode VTDA way; when in use
The discharge switching tube VTD is turned off, and the discharge path is cut off.
The pulse width automatic regulating circuit comprises a resistor R1, a resistor R2 and a capacitor C, one end of the resistor R1 is connected with the anode of the storage battery 1, the other end of the resistor R1 is connected with the in-phase input end (control voltage input end) of the integrated operational amplifier A1 respectively, one end of the resistor R2 and the collector (discharge end) of the discharge switch tube VTD, the other end of the resistor R2 is connected with one end of the capacitor C respectively, the reverse phase input end (threshold end) of the integrated operational amplifier A1 and the in-phase input end (trigger end) of the integrated operational amplifier A2, and the other end of the capacitor C is connected with the emitter (grounding end) of the discharge switch tube VTD.
Oscillation period of the digital pulse waveform generation circuit when UDD remains unchanged:
oscillation period T = T 1 +t 2 。
t 1 Representing the charging time (voltage across the capacitor C from
Rise to
Required time)
t 1 ≈0.7(R 1 +R 2 )C
t 2 Representing the discharge time (the voltage across the capacitor C fromDown to
Required time)
t 2 ≈0.7R 2 C
Thus having T = T 1 +t 2 ≈0.7(R 1 +2R 2 )C
For a square wave, in addition to being measured in amplitude, period, there is a parameter duty cycle q,
t p- -pulse width . Time occupied by high level in one period of output waveform
T - - -period
So that the digital pulse waveform generating circuit outputs a rectangular wave
This waveform generation is exactly the opposite of the actual undershoot requirement, so it is achieved by adding inverter G4 at the output.
When the terminal voltage of the storage battery 1 changes, UDD also changes, the duty ratio of the rectangular wave also changes, and the charging time Tw for the capacitor C is inversely proportional to UDD: the following I 1 Represents the charging current to the capacitor C:
the discharge time T2= T2 for the capacitor C is not affected by UDD.
The calculation shows that when the voltage of the storage battery is increased during charging, the frequency generated by the negative pulse is automatically increased, and the partial pressure applied to the negative pulse current limiting resistor R5 is also increased, so that the amplitude of the negative pulse is increased, and the effect of enhancing the strength of the negative pulse is achieved. Therefore, when the voltage exceeds the set value by the end of charging of the storage battery, the intensity of the negative pulse is increased in proportion to the square of the voltage increase value of the storage battery.
In practical application, when the rated voltage is 12V, the charging voltage U of the battery BT When the voltage rises from 14.6V to 15.0V, the waveform of the negative pulse current changes as shown in FIG. 3.
That is, as the battery approaches saturation by the end of charge, the pulse generated by the control circuit increases in intensity and frequency as the terminal voltage increases.
The power amplifying circuit comprises a power amplifying transistor VT 1 And power amplifier VT 2 Power amplifier tube VT 1 Is connected to the positive pole of the accumulator 1 through a current limiting resistor R4, a power amplifier tube VT 2 Is connected to the positive pole of the accumulator 1 through a current limiting resistor R5, a power amplifier tube VT 1 The base of the power amplifier is connected to the output end (the output end of the digital pulse waveform generating circuit) of the phase inverter G4 through a resistor R3, and the power amplifier VT 1 Emitter of the transistor is connected with a power amplifier tube VT 2 Base electrode of (2), power amplifier tube VT 2 Respectively connected with the emitter of the discharge switching tube VTD and the collector of the high power tube VT 3. The utility model discloses in, power amplifier circuit multiplicable input signal inverter circuit when necessary, power amplifier tube VT 1 、VT 2 If necessary, a photoelectric coupler can be used instead.
When the output end of the digital pulse waveform generating circuit outputs positive pulse, the positive pulse passes through the power amplifier tube VT 1 、 VT 2 After two-stage amplification, the positive electrode charge passes through a current limiting resistor R 5 Power amplifier tube VT 2 High-power tube VT 3 Reaching the negative electrode of the storage battery for neutralization, the instantaneous reverse heavy current pushes the ions in the storage battery to move reversely, so that the concentration polarization of electrolyte and the ohmic polarization in a conductor are eliminated, the passivation barrier layer in the polar plate is also eliminated, and the storage battery is fully prepared for passing effective charging current.
The specific application case is as follows:
the application of the self-excited negative pulse voltage-stabilizing balance battery of the 36V electric bicycle comprises the following steps:
as shown in fig. 4, a 12V battery 1, a 12V battery 2, and a 12V battery 3, each of which has a built-in control circuit module 2, are connected in series to form a battery pack, and a charger is connected to both ends of a positive electrode and a negative electrode of the battery pack.
The main technical parameters are as follows: rated voltage of the battery pack: 12V x 3
Rated capacity of the battery pack: 12Ah/2Hr
Maximum voltage of the charger: 44.5V;
maximum charging current of the charger: 2A;
charger float voltage: 42V.
Fig. 5, 6 and 7 are graphs of the current of battery packs No. 1, no. 2 and No. 3, respectively, after the 250 th full charge and full discharge cycle, at the end of charging.
Fig. 8, 9 and 10 are waveform diagrams of the internal current of the battery before the No. 1 battery, the No. 2 battery and the No. 3 battery are charged to saturation and the charger is in a floating state, respectively.
As can be seen from the waveform diagrams, the terminal voltage of the battery pack still keeps quite good consistency after 250 cycles. The "charge waiting" condition can also be clearly seen in the front and back sets of curves. In order to clearly explain the principle of the battery, taking a battery with 12V cells and a battery with 6 cells balanced in the battery as an example, the circuit can be applied to 6V cells and 2V cells, and the layout of the circuit and the adoption of elements need to be changed on the premise that the basic principle of the circuit is not changed.
The control circuit module 2 is applied to the lithium ion battery pack, the voltage of the single battery is controlled not to exceed 4.2V/3.6V, and the danger of explosion possibly caused by overcharge can be effectively prevented. The balance can be better adjusted.
The control circuit module 2 is applied to the UPS battery pack, and a manual reset self-locking recovery button can be additionally arranged. The UPS battery pack is in a floating charge state for a long time, a pole plate passivation phenomenon or a backward unit can occur, at the moment, a reset button can be manually started, the negative pulse of the battery unit is forcibly excited, and the repairing effect is achieved.
When the control circuit module 2 is applied to a starting battery, the pole plates can be effectively prevented from being vulcanized, and the vulcanized battery can be greatly recovered by forced excitation pulse.
Specifically, the following steps are carried out: although the patent only takes the battery of the electric vehicle as an example, the invention is also suitable for other storage batteries, in particular for a plurality of UPS batteries used in series. This patent describes only one embodiment of the circuit schematic, but other equivalent circuits may achieve the same and similar effects, and are also included in the scope of protection of the claims of this patent application. The patent mainly describes the built-in form of the control circuit module, and if the circuit is externally hung, the same effect can be obtained, and the protection scope of the patent right is also included.
Claims (8)
1. Self-excited negative pulse voltage stabilizing battery, including the battery, its characterized in that: the control circuit of the control circuit module is connected between the anode and the cathode of the storage battery, the control circuit comprises a voltage stabilizing switch circuit, a digital pulse waveform generating circuit and a power amplifying circuit, and the voltage stabilizing switch circuit is connected to the anode and the cathode of the storage battery body to control the on-off of the power supply of the control circuit; the control voltage input end of the digital pulse waveform generating circuit is connected with the discharge end of the digital pulse waveform generating circuit, the threshold end of the digital pulse waveform generating circuit is connected with the trigger end of the digital pulse waveform generating circuit, the output end of the digital pulse waveform generating circuit is connected with the input end of the power amplifying circuit, and the output end of the power amplifying circuit is connected with the grounding end of the digital pulse waveform generating circuit.
2. The self-excited negative pulse voltage stabilization battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: the digital pulse waveform generator is characterized by further comprising a pulse width automatic regulating circuit, wherein the control voltage input end of the digital pulse waveform generator is connected with one output end of the pulse width automatic regulating circuit, and the threshold end of the digital pulse waveform generator is connected with the other output end of the pulse width automatic regulating circuit.
3. The self-excited negative pulse voltage stabilization battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: the voltage stabilizing switch circuit comprises a current limiting resistor, a voltage stabilizing tube and a high-power tube, wherein one end of the current limiting resistor is connected with the anode of the storage battery, the other end of the current limiting resistor is connected with the cathode of the voltage stabilizing tube, the anode of the voltage stabilizing tube is connected with the base electrode of the high-power tube, the collector electrode of the high-power tube is connected with the grounding end of the digital pulse waveform generating circuit, and the emitter electrode of the high-power tube is connected with the cathode of the storage battery.
4. The self-excited negative pulse voltage stabilization battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: the digital pulse waveform generating circuit comprises a voltage divider, a comparator consisting of a first integrated operational amplifier and a second integrated operational amplifier which are identical in structure, an RS trigger, an NAND gate, an inverter and a discharge switch tube, wherein one end of the voltage divider is connected with the positive electrode of the storage battery, the other end of the voltage divider is connected with the emitting electrode of the discharge switch tube, the first voltage division output end of the voltage divider is respectively connected with the non-inverting input end of the first integrated operational amplifier and the collecting electrode of the discharge switch tube, the second voltage division output end of the voltage divider is connected with the inverting input end of the second integrated operational amplifier, the inverting input end of the first integrated operational amplifier is connected with the non-inverting input end of the second integrated operational amplifier, the output end of the first integrated operational amplifier is connected with the reset end of the RS trigger, the output end of the second integrated operational amplifier is connected with the set end of the RS trigger, the output end of the RS trigger is connected with one input end of the NAND gate, the other input end of the NAND gate is connected with the positive electrode of the storage battery, the output end of the NAND gate is respectively connected with the base electrode of the inverter and the output end of the discharge switch tube, and the power amplifying circuit is connected with the input end of the power amplifying circuit.
5. The self-excited negative pulse voltage stabilization battery according to claim 2, characterized in that: the pulse width automatic regulating circuit comprises a first resistor, a second resistor and a capacitor, wherein one end of the first resistor is connected with the positive electrode of the storage battery, the other end of the first resistor is respectively connected with a control voltage input end of the digital pulse waveform generating circuit, one end of the second resistor and a discharge end of the digital pulse waveform generating circuit, the other end of the second resistor is respectively connected with one end of the capacitor, a threshold end of the digital pulse waveform generating circuit and a trigger end of the digital pulse waveform generating circuit, and the other end of the capacitor is connected with a grounding end of the digital pulse waveform generating circuit.
6. The self-excited negative pulse voltage stabilization battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: the power amplifying circuit comprises a first power amplifying tube and a second power amplifying tube, wherein the collectors of the first power amplifying tube and the second power amplifying tube are respectively connected to the anode of the storage battery through current limiting resistors, the base of the first power amplifying tube is connected to the output end of the digital pulse waveform generating circuit through a resistor, the emitter of the first power amplifying tube is connected with the base of the second power amplifying tube, and the emitter of the second power amplifying tube is connected with the grounding end of the digital pulse waveform generating circuit.
7. The self-excited negative pulse voltage stabilization battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: the control circuit module is built in the battery.
8. The self-excited negative pulse voltage stabilization battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: the control circuit module is hung outside the storage battery.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNU2006200732424U CN201041946Y (en) | 2006-05-25 | 2006-05-25 | Self-excited negative impulse voltage stabilization balance battery |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNU2006200732424U CN201041946Y (en) | 2006-05-25 | 2006-05-25 | Self-excited negative impulse voltage stabilization balance battery |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN201041946Y true CN201041946Y (en) | 2008-03-26 |
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| CNU2006200732424U Expired - Lifetime CN201041946Y (en) | 2006-05-25 | 2006-05-25 | Self-excited negative impulse voltage stabilization balance battery |
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| CN (1) | CN201041946Y (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101141074B (en) * | 2007-05-23 | 2010-12-01 | 陈振富 | Self-excitation negative pulse voltage regulation equalization battery |
-
2006
- 2006-05-25 CN CNU2006200732424U patent/CN201041946Y/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101141074B (en) * | 2007-05-23 | 2010-12-01 | 陈振富 | Self-excitation negative pulse voltage regulation equalization battery |
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Assignee: Zhejiang Luyuan Electric Vehicle Co., Ltd. Assignor: Chen Zhenfu Contract fulfillment period: 2008.9.15 to 2015.9.15 Contract record no.: 2008330002878 Denomination of utility model: Self-excitation negative pulse voltage regulation equalization battery Granted publication date: 20080326 License type: Exclusive license Record date: 20081229 |
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Free format text: EXCLUSIVE LICENSE; TIME LIMIT OF IMPLEMENTING CONTACT: 2008.9.15 TO 2015.9.15; CHANGE OF CONTRACT Name of requester: GREEN ZHEJIANG ELECTRIC VEHICLE CO. Effective date: 20081229 |
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| AV01 | Patent right actively abandoned |
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