CN115184351A - Water flow scouring embankment simulation method based on geotechnical centrifugal model test - Google Patents
Water flow scouring embankment simulation method based on geotechnical centrifugal model test Download PDFInfo
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- CN115184351A CN115184351A CN202210718291.2A CN202210718291A CN115184351A CN 115184351 A CN115184351 A CN 115184351A CN 202210718291 A CN202210718291 A CN 202210718291A CN 115184351 A CN115184351 A CN 115184351A
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 83
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000009991 scouring Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000700 radioactive tracer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006424 Flood reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention provides a waterflow scouring embankment simulation method based on a geotechnical centrifugal model test, which comprises the following steps: step 10) preparing a reduced-scale geotechnical model of an actual embankment in a model box; step 20) generating a flowing water flow in the reduced-size geotechnical model; and step 30) carrying out centrifugal test on the reduced-size geotechnical model to obtain a change image of the reduced-size geotechnical model. The method for simulating the water flow scouring embankment based on the geotechnical centrifugal model test can truly simulate the water flow scouring embankment and occupies small area.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of soil mechanics tests, and particularly relates to a waterflow scouring bank simulation method based on a geotechnical centrifugal model test.
Background
Landslides of bank slopes, embankments and the like due to water scours are a typical geological disaster, especially during floods. The bank collapse phenomenon appears on all large river bank slopes in the world, and the damage mainly comprises the following steps: threatens the safety of the levee, threatens the safety of a bank building and a farmland, generates a large amount of river sediment, causes the transverse evolution of a river bed, influences shipping and the like.
River bank collapse is a result of interaction of river water flow and a bank soil body, the bank collapse mechanism is complex, the river bank collapse belongs to a bank transverse evolution process in riverbed evolution science, and a bank slope stability problem in soil mechanics, and the river bank collapse is a disciplinary frontier research topic. At present, a water tank erosion test is mainly adopted for physical model test research on the bank slope erosion problem, but the self-weight stress of a river bank slope scale model in the water tank test is not similar to the actual self-weight stress, and the obtained test result can deviate from the actual self-weight stress.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects, the invention provides the waterflow scouring embankment simulation method based on the geotechnical centrifugal model test, which can truly simulate the waterflow scouring embankment and has small occupied area.
In order to solve the technical problem, the embodiment of the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the embodiment of the invention provides a waterflow scouring embankment simulation method based on a geotechnical centrifugal model test, which comprises the following steps:
step 10) preparing a reduced-scale geotechnical model of an actual embankment in a model box;
step 20) generating a flowing water flow in the reduced-size geotechnical model;
and step 30) carrying out centrifugal test on the reduced-scale geotechnical model to obtain a change image of the reduced-scale geotechnical model.
As a further improvement of the embodiment of the present invention, the step 10) specifically includes:
collecting soil samples of an actual embankment, removing impurities, and then manufacturing a reduced-scale embankment on the inner wall of the model box, wherein the reduced-scale embankment is distributed along the circumferential direction of the model box and is fully distributed for a circle; water is then added to the mold box to bring the water level to a preset level.
As a further improvement of the embodiment of the present invention, the mold box is cylindrical.
As a further improvement of the embodiment of the invention, the diameter of the mold box is less than 1m; adding water into the model box with volume less than 0.3m 3 。
As a further improvement of the embodiment of the present invention, in the step 20), the water flow is a circular water flow.
As a further improvement of the embodiment of the present invention, the bottom of the model box is provided with a stirrer, and in the step 20), the stirrer rotates to make the water flow in the scaled geotechnical model.
As a further improvement of the embodiment of the present invention, the step 20) further includes regulating and controlling a rotation speed of the stirrer, so as to adjust a water flow speed in the scaled geotechnical model.
As a further improvement of the embodiment of the invention, according to the scaled geotechnical model in the stirrer and the model box, the corresponding relation between the rotating speed of the stirrer and the flow velocity of the water in the model box is obtained, and according to the corresponding relation, the rotating speed of the stirrer is regulated and controlled, so that the flow velocity required by the working condition is obtained.
As a further improvement of the embodiment of the present invention, in the step 30), a camera is disposed above the mold box, and the camera is used to capture a variation image of the scaled geotechnical model in the mold box.
As a further improvement of the embodiment of the present invention, the method further includes: and analyzing the change image of the scaled geotechnical model based on the PIV technology to obtain the disintegration process of the embankment subjected to water flow scouring, and obtaining water flow scouring information of the scaled geotechnical model by combining with water flow velocity distribution.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects: according to the method for simulating the water flow scouring embankment based on the geotechnical centrifugal model test, the prototype embankment can be actually simulated in the hypergravity environment, the water flow velocity can be actually simulated according to the test requirement in the hypergravity environment, and then the test effect close to the real water flow scouring embankment can be obtained; and a circular mould box is adopted, so that the boundary constraint influence is small, and the occupied area is small.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a method for simulating a water flow scouring bank based on a geotechnical centrifugal model test according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a structure in a method according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 3 isbase:Sub>A sectional view taken along linebase:Sub>A-base:Sub>A of fig. 2.
In the figure: model 1, 2 scale embankments, 3 water level, 4 stirrers and 5 high-speed cameras.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be explained in detail below.
The embodiment of the invention provides a method for simulating a water flow scouring embankment based on a geotechnical centrifugal model test, which comprises the following steps of:
and step 10) preparing a reduced-scale geotechnical model of the actual embankment in a model box.
Step 20) generating a flowing water flow in the scaled geotechnical model.
And step 30) carrying out centrifugal test on the reduced-size geotechnical model to obtain a change image of the reduced-size geotechnical model.
According to the method for simulating the water flow scouring embankment based on the geotechnical centrifugal model test, the prototype embankment can be actually simulated in the hypergravity environment, the water flow velocity can be actually simulated according to the test requirement in the hypergravity environment, and then the test effect close to the real water flow scouring embankment can be obtained; and a circular mould box is adopted, so that the boundary constraint influence is small and the occupied area is small.
Wherein, as a preferred example, the step 10) specifically comprises:
collecting soil samples of an actual embankment, manufacturing a reduced-scale embankment 2 on the inner wall of the model box 1 after impurities are removed, and arranging the reduced-scale embankment 2 along the circumferential direction of the model box 1 and fully distributing the reduced-scale embankment for a circle. Water is then added to the mold box 1 so that the water level 3 in the mold box reaches a preset position. Wherein the preset position is determined according to the size of the reduced-scale bank 2. When the reduced-scale embankment is manufactured, the reduced-scale embankment is manufactured according to the similar law of geotechnical centrifugal model tests according to the slope of the actual embankment, the terrain of a bend, the natural density of soil, the water content and the like. The prepared scaled geotechnical model is shown in fig. 2 and 3.
In the preferred embodiment, a circle of the reduced-scale embankment 2 is arranged along the circumferential direction of the inner wall of the model box 1, water flows in the model box 1 and circularly impacts the circle of the reduced-scale embankment, the length of the reduced-scale embankment can be reduced, and the occupied area is reduced.
Preferably, the mold box 1 used in the method of the present embodiment is cylindrical. The cylindrical model box has no edge angle, and the water flow can reach a balanced state quickly after being stabilized. Annular water flow is generated in the cylindrical model box, a circle of reduced-scale embankment arranged around the inner wall of the model box forms an annular embankment, and the annular embankment is continuously washed by the annular water flow, so that an actual scene can be simulated. The diameter of the mold box in the preferred embodiment is less than 1m, and the volume of water added to the mold box is less than 0.3m 3 The small model can be used for simulating an actual scene, the occupied area is small, and the required water amount is small.
Preferably, the bottom of the model box 1 is provided with the stirrer 4, and in step 20), the stirrer 4 rotates to make the water flow in the scaled geotechnical model. The present preferred embodiment generates a flowing water flow using the pulsator 4, has a simple structure, and can adjust the water flow rate to a preset flow rate by adjusting the rotation speed of the pulsator.
Further, according to the reduced-scale geotechnical model in the stirrer and the model box, the corresponding relation between the rotating speed of the stirrer and the flow velocity of the water in the model box is obtained, and the rotating speed of the stirrer is regulated and controlled, so that the flow velocity in the reduced-scale geotechnical model is regulated. Wherein, the corresponding relation between the rotating speed of the stirrer and the flow velocity of the water flow in the model box is obtained before the simulation test is carried out. The method comprises the steps of preparing the same-size scaled geotechnical model in the same model box, changing the rotating speed of a stirrer, measuring the flow velocity of water at different rotating speeds, and enabling the obtained rotating speed to correspond to the flow velocity one by one, so that the corresponding relation between the rotating speed of the stirrer and the flow velocity of water in the model box is obtained.
In the simulation process, the corresponding rotating speed of the stirrer can be found from the corresponding relation between the rotating speed of the stirrer and the flowing speed of the flowing water in the model box according to the flowing speed of the flowing water in the research embankment, the rotating speed of the stirrer in the model box is adjusted to be the found rotating speed of the stirrer, and the stirrer works to ensure that the flowing speed of the flowing water in the model box is the flowing speed of the flowing water in the research embankment, so that the actual flowing water can be simulated to scour the embankment.
Preferably, in step 30), a camera is provided above the mold box, and the camera is used to capture a change image of the scaled geotechnical model in the mold box.
As a preferred example, the method for simulating a water flow scouring bank based on the geotechnical centrifugal model test further includes: the tracer particles are placed in the water body, the camera is used for shooting water body images in the model box, and the displacement of the tracer particles in a known short time interval is analyzed to indirectly measure and obtain the flow velocity distribution of the water flow. Based on PIV technology, serial images of the front and back changes of the scaled geotechnical model are analyzed, and the disintegration process of the bank which is washed by water flow is obtained. And combining the disintegration process of the embankment and the flow velocity distribution to obtain the water flow scouring information of the scaled geotechnical model.
A specific example is provided below.
Step 1) firstly determining factors influencing collapse such as the slope of an embankment to be researched, the terrain of a bend, the natural density and the water content of a soil body, the water level, the water flow speed and the like, and designing a scale model according to a geotechnical centrifugal model test similarity law.
And 2) collecting a field soil sample to a laboratory for sorting, removing impurities, and remolding in a cylindrical model box 1 to prepare a reduced-scale embankment 2, wherein the diameter of the cylindrical model box is 0.8 m.
And step 3) installing a stirrer 4 at the center of the bottom of the cylindrical model box 1.
And 4) adding water into the model box 1 to reach the required water level 3, and adding tracer particles into the water.
And 5) installing a high-speed camera 5 necessary for a PIV system at the top of the model box 1, wherein the high-speed camera 5 is used for shooting images of the collapse condition of the reduced-scale embankment under the water flow scouring condition and water body images in the model box.
And 6) weighing and hoisting the integral model to a geotechnical centrifuge, and adjusting the balance weight of the centrifuge.
And 7) starting the centrifugal machine to the designed centrifugal acceleration.
And 8) starting and adjusting the stirrer 3 according to the water flow speed required to be simulated, driving the water flow to do circular motion, and changing the flow speed in the test according to the research requirement.
And 9) analyzing the collapse condition and the water flow velocity distribution by utilizing a PIV technology according to the shot image and the water body image of the collapse condition of the reduced-size embankment under the water flow scouring.
And step 10), after the test is finished, stopping the stirrer 4 firstly and then stopping the centrifugal machine.
The foregoing illustrates and describes the principles, general features, and advantages of the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are intended to further illustrate the principles of the invention, and that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is also intended to be covered by the appended claims. The scope of the invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. A waterflow scouring embankment simulation method based on an geotechnical centrifugal model test is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 10) preparing a reduced-scale geotechnical model of an actual embankment in a model box;
step 20) generating a flowing water flow in the reduced-size geotechnical model;
and step 30) carrying out centrifugal test on the reduced-size geotechnical model to obtain a change image of the reduced-size geotechnical model.
2. The method for simulating a water scour embankment based on an geotechnical centrifugal model test according to claim 1, wherein the step 10) specifically comprises the following steps:
collecting soil samples of an actual embankment, removing impurities, and then manufacturing a reduced-scale embankment on the inner wall of the model box, wherein the reduced-scale embankment is distributed along the circumferential direction of the model box and is fully distributed for a circle; water is then added to the mold box to bring the water level to a preset level.
3. The geotechnical centrifugal model test-based waterflow scour embankment simulation method according to claim 2, wherein the mold box is cylindrical.
4. The geotechnical centrifugal model test-based water flow scouring bank simulation method according to claim 3, wherein the diameter of the model box is smaller than 1m; adding water into the model box with volume less than 0.3m 3 。
5. The geotechnical centrifugal model test-based waterflow scour embankment simulation method according to claim 1, wherein in the step 20), the waterflow is a circular waterflow.
6. The geotechnical centrifugal model test-based waterflow scour embankment simulation method according to claim 1, wherein an agitator is provided at the bottom of the mold box, and in the step 20), the agitator rotates to enable the water flow in the scaled geotechnical model to flow.
7. The geotechnical centrifugal model test-based bank scouring simulation method according to claim 6, wherein the step 20) further comprises regulating and controlling the rotation speed of the stirrer so as to adjust the water flow speed in the scaled geotechnical model.
8. The geotechnical centrifugal model test-based waterflow scour embankment simulation method according to claim 7, wherein the corresponding relationship between the rotating speed of the stirrer and the flow velocity of the water in the model box is obtained according to the scaled geotechnical model in the stirrer and the model box, and the rotating speed of the stirrer is regulated according to the corresponding relationship, so as to obtain the flow velocity required by the working conditions.
9. The geotechnical centrifugal model test-based waterflow scour embankment simulation method according to claim 1, wherein in the step 30), a camera is arranged above the mold box, and the camera is used for shooting the change images of the scaled geotechnical model in the mold box.
10. The geotechnical centrifugal model test-based waterflow scour embankment simulation method according to claim 9, further comprising: and analyzing the change image of the scaled geotechnical model based on the PIV technology to obtain the disintegration process of the embankment subjected to water flow scouring, and obtaining water flow scouring information of the scaled geotechnical model by combining with water flow velocity distribution.
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20080015440A1 (en) * | 2006-07-13 | 2008-01-17 | The Regents Of The University Of Colorado | Echo particle image velocity (EPIV) and echo particle tracking velocimetry (EPTV) system and method |
| CN104060637A (en) * | 2014-04-14 | 2014-09-24 | 中国矿业大学 | Geosynthetic centrifugal simulation test method adopting gravel piles for reinforcing a soft soil road embankment |
| CN105181507A (en) * | 2015-10-23 | 2015-12-23 | 三峡大学 | Device for simulating scouring effect on reservoir bank edge slope rock mass by water flow |
| CN111044255A (en) * | 2019-12-20 | 2020-04-21 | 浙江大学 | Rotary platform estuary plume test device and method |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20080015440A1 (en) * | 2006-07-13 | 2008-01-17 | The Regents Of The University Of Colorado | Echo particle image velocity (EPIV) and echo particle tracking velocimetry (EPTV) system and method |
| CN104060637A (en) * | 2014-04-14 | 2014-09-24 | 中国矿业大学 | Geosynthetic centrifugal simulation test method adopting gravel piles for reinforcing a soft soil road embankment |
| CN105181507A (en) * | 2015-10-23 | 2015-12-23 | 三峡大学 | Device for simulating scouring effect on reservoir bank edge slope rock mass by water flow |
| CN111044255A (en) * | 2019-12-20 | 2020-04-21 | 浙江大学 | Rotary platform estuary plume test device and method |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
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| 假冬冬等: "流滑型崩岸河岸侧蚀模式初探" * |
| 李家钢;王忠涛;徐博;栾茂田;: "土工鼓式离心机研发及在海底滑坡研究中的应用" * |
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