CN206204867U - Divide the self-circulating energy-saving device of CHARACTERISTICS OF TAILINGS SAND bed load and suspended load critical grain size - Google Patents
Divide the self-circulating energy-saving device of CHARACTERISTICS OF TAILINGS SAND bed load and suspended load critical grain size Download PDFInfo
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- CN206204867U CN206204867U CN201621128022.7U CN201621128022U CN206204867U CN 206204867 U CN206204867 U CN 206204867U CN 201621128022 U CN201621128022 U CN 201621128022U CN 206204867 U CN206204867 U CN 206204867U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a kind of self-circulating energy-saving device for dividing CHARACTERISTICS OF TAILINGS SAND bed load and suspended load critical grain size, based on the knowwhy in terms of existing silt, with physical model as carrier, the critical grain size for dividing CHARACTERISTICS OF TAILINGS SAND bed load and suspended load is found by research technique.Manually hoist engine lifting head water tank, lifting support obtain the similar uniform flow of different discharge per unit widths with energy dissipating ball;The energy dissipating ball is placed at the water inlet pipe mouth of connection head water tank and model casing;The lifting support is located at model lower box part.The utility model remarkable result is:Water-saving and environmental protection, with low cost, simple to operate, modifiable sand sample indices repeat to test, and can obtain the similar uniform flow of different qualities by changing head and lifting support.The critical grain size for dividing bed load and suspended load is found, the research of the aspect such as the shape of crevasse and extension is significant during alluvial position and unrestrained top dam break for silt discharge, bed load and suspended load.
Description
Technical field
The utility model belongs to the technical field for studying inviscid shot accumulation body migration rule under flow action, specifically
Ground is said, is the fundamental test device of the unrestrained dam crevasse formation of tailing dam and extension under a kind of research rainfall.
Background technology
At present, when the unrestrained top of tailing dam is burst, the research in terms of the formation mechenism and propagation law of crevasse rarely has to be delivered, only
In a little treatise having, mostly by hydrodynamics, broken through from theoretical side, it is concluded that often there is larger error
Analytic solutions, lack qualitatively rule as reflecting card.In addition some researchs, are all based on greatly soil test, study mine tailing
Stability and mechanism of collapsed dam of the dam body under water erosion, by it is theoretical often based on unsaturated soil mechanics.Fail to
How crevasse is formed during to dam break, and crevasse be how to extend the problems such as make positive accurate explanation.Can be clear
The formation of crevasse and propagation law have directive significance not only for the design of tailing dam, and for same meaning of preventing and reducing natural disasters
It is great.
In view of CHARACTERISTICS OF TAILINGS SAND many characteristics in a fluid are very much like with silt, so by the reason in terms of river load starting
There is some superiority by the research that CHARACTERISTICS OF TAILINGS SAND is started when tailing dam overflows top is introduced.Two important concepts wherein being used are pushed away
Shifting matter and suspended load are earliest in silt with river dynamics.Both differences substantially result in its movement mechanism,
Motion state, silt discharge, hold under the arm sand ability and alluvial position difference, and then cause tailing dam overflow top dam break when crevasse formation,
Downstream impact beach difference long is larger after extension and dam break.Either silt discharge, hold sand ability under the arm and still deposit position, all will be dam
The material impact factor of the formation of crevasse and propagation law when body bursts.Cray plug(W.Kresser)Once to European four rivers
Data carried out induction-arrangement, and propose the empirical equation of bed load and suspended load critical grain size, what it reflected is river
Functional relation between stream mean flow rate and grain diameter.But, the formula is a zonal empirical equation, with very big
Limitation, may not apply to other rivers.
By analogy, if the critical grain size of CHARACTERISTICS OF TAILINGS SAND bed load and suspended load can be found with analogy sediment movement mechanics,
The relation of cross-section of river current mean flow rate and CHARACTERISTICS OF TAILINGS SAND particle diameter during dam break is obtained with, tailing dam so can be not only demonstrate,proved
Mechanism of collapsed dam, and basic research theory can be provided for the formation of research crevasse below and extension.So from experiment
Angle is set out, and one equipment that can clearly observe swap status between CHARACTERISTICS OF TAILINGS SAND bed load and suspended load of design will have pole
Big necessity.
The content of the invention
The technical problems to be solved in the utility model is to provide and a kind of can clearly show the CHARACTERISTICS OF TAILINGS SAND of different qualities in water
The shape and the experimental rig of propagation law of crevasse when migration rule and announcement tailing dam under stream effect overflow dam, can be to difference
Dry density of building a dam, different upstream and downstream slopes than, different tailings grain composition and the similar uniform flow of different discharge per unit widths
It is simulated;During experiment, by controlling an index therein (such as mine tailing sand particle size distribution), change other indexs, and lead to
Volumetric method measurement discharge per unit width is crossed, cross-section of river mean flow rate is solved, CHARACTERISTICS OF TAILINGS SAND motion state in current is observed, number is recorded
According to, and then Rule Summary, obtain the critical grain size for dividing CHARACTERISTICS OF TAILINGS SAND bed load and suspended load.
The technical solution adopted in the utility model is:It is a kind of to divide following certainly for CHARACTERISTICS OF TAILINGS SAND bed load and suspended load critical grain size
Ring energy saver, including simulation tailings starting system I, head control system II, water circulation system III, flow measuring device IV;
The simulation tailings starting system I is positioned on water circulation system III by lifting support 4 and pedestal 5;The head control
System II is connected by model casing feed pipe 8 with simulation tailings starting system I, and by head cistern feeding pipe 16 and overflow launder
Return pipe 15 is connected with water circulation system III;The flow measuring device IV respectively by drainpipe 6 and loop back water pipe 19 and
Simulation tailings starting system I, water circulation system III are connected.
Further, the simulation tailings starting system I includes model casing 1, tailings accumulation body 2, energy dissipating ball 3, liter descending branch
Frame 4, pedestal 5, drainpipe 6, draining brake valve 7, model casing feed pipe 8;
The model casing 1 is built-in with tailings accumulation body 2 and energy dissipating ball 3;The energy dissipating ball 3 is placed on model casing feed pipe 8
And tailings accumulation body 2 between;The CHARACTERISTICS OF TAILINGS SAND accumulation body 2 is comprehensive according to field measurement mine tailing sand particle size distribution and tailing heap dry density
Close and determine;
The lifting support 4 is made up of two height-adjustable bracing members, and is placed between pedestal 5 and model casing 1,
The regulation of its height needs to insert different pin-and-hole 4a by pin rod 4b to realize;
The drainpipe 6 has draining brake valve 7 above, and the water in model casing 1 is entered into flow measuring dress when experiment is carried out
Put IV.
Further, the head control system II include head water tank 10, overflow plate 11, overflow launder 13, fixed pulley 12,
Manual hoist 14, head cistern feeding pipe 16 and overflow launder return pipe 15;
The head water tank 10 and overflow launder 13 are made by a complete water tank, and overflow plate 11 is placed in centre, described to overflow
The top mark height for flowing plate 11 is high in the top mark of head water tank 10.
Manually hoist engine 14 is connected the head water tank 10 with fixed pulley 12 with overflow launder 13, for flexibly control water
Head;
The head cistern feeding pipe 16 and overflow launder return pipe 15 are connected under head water tank 10 and overflow launder 13
Current in overflow launder are introduced directly into cyclic water tank 17 by portion, the overflow launder return pipe 15.
Further, the head cistern feeding pipe 16 and overflow launder return pipe 15 are made by rubber hose.
Further, the water circulation system III includes cyclic water tank 17, compact submersible pump 18 and loops back water pipe 19;
The built-in compact submersible pump 18 of the cyclic water tank 17, and external loop back water pipe 19;The compact submersible pump 18 with
Head cistern feeding pipe 16 is connected, and is that head water tank 10 feeds water.
Further, the flow measuring device IV includes flow measuring cylinder 22 and backwater brake valve 20;The flow amount
Survey cylinder 22 and be carved with scale 21 above;
The flow measuring cylinder 22 receives the draining of model casing 1 by drainpipe 6 and draining brake valve 7, and by circulation
Return pipe 19 is connected with cyclic water tank 17, constitutes water-flow circuit.
The beneficial effects of the utility model have it is following some:
Energy saving --- have benefited from the help of water self-circulation system, the utility model can be realized only needing plus a water can
Continuously, repeatedly to carry out test of many times.
Flexibility --- the utility model both manually the control of hoist engine 14 head height can obtain different in flow rate
Current, it is also possible to by lifting support, change the potential energy of upstream and downstream current, so as to obtain current different in flow rate.
Intuitive --- four major part of the present utility model makes using transparent with machine glass, is carrying out tailings starting
It is capable of the starting situation of CHARACTERISTICS OF TAILINGS SAND particle visible in detail during the development test of aspect.Meanwhile, in the downstream of mine tailing accumulation body
The state of bed load and suspended load in current can be clearly observed on domatic.
Controllability --- mine tailing accumulation body in the utility model is by manually sieving CHARACTERISTICS OF TAILINGS SAND particle, first size tunable;
Next refers to dry density of actually building a dam, the accumulation body dry density in being tested by condition of similarity Controlling model;Furthermore unrestrained Ba Shui
Stream flow velocity is controllable.
The material major part that economy --- the utility model is used is lucite, PVC water pipes and valve etc., is purchased
It is more convenient, and relative low price.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is overall structure diagram of the present utility model;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the utility model simulation tailings starting system I;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the utility model head control system II;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the utility model water circulation system III;
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of the utility model flow measuring device IV;
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of the utility model lifting support 4.
Wherein each label:I- simulates tailings starting system;II- head control systems;III- water circulation systems;IV- flows
Measuring equipment;1- model casings;2- tailings accumulation bodies;3- energy dissipating balls;4- lifting supports;4a- pin-and-holes;4b- pin rods;5- pedestals;6-
Drainpipe;7- draining brake valves;8- model casing feed pipes;9- model casings feedwater brake valve;10- head water tanks;11- overflow plates;
12- fixed pulleys;13- overflow launders;14- manual hoists;15- overflow launder return pipes;16- head cistern feeding pipes;17- recirculated waters
Case;18- compact submersible pumps;19- return pipes;20- backwater brake valves;21- scales;22- flow measurings cylinder.
Specific embodiment
The utility model is described in further detail with specific embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
1-6 provides two embodiments and is respectively the utility model with reference to the accompanying drawings:
Embodiment 1:
A kind of self-circulating energy-saving device for dividing CHARACTERISTICS OF TAILINGS SAND bed load and suspended load critical grain size, including simulation tailings is started
System I, head control system II, water circulation system III, flow measuring device IV;The simulation tailings starting system I is by rising
Descending branch frame 4 and pedestal 5 are positioned on water circulation system III, are taken up space with reducing equipment;The head control system II leads to
Model casing feed pipe 8 is crossed to be connected with simulation tailings starting system I, and by head cistern feeding pipe 16 and overflow launder return pipe 15
It is connected with water circulation system III, while can vertically move up and down, moving section arrives it for the horizontal level of model casing
At vertical direction 2m;The flow measuring device IV by drainpipe 6 and loops back water pipe 19 with simulation tailings starting system respectively
System I, water circulation system III are connected.
The simulation tailings starting system I include model casing 1, tailings accumulation body 2, energy dissipating ball 3, lifting support 4, pedestal 5,
Drainpipe 6, draining brake valve 7, model casing feed pipe 8.The model casing 1 be one by lucite be made it is transparent
Open top device, it is built-in with tailings accumulation body 2 and energy dissipating ball 3, and the tailings accumulation body 2 is by real mine tailing sand wash
Form, wherein, inside and outside slope ratio after tailings grain diameter is with reference to the sampling of actual tailing dam, is tried by condition of similarity calibration by geotechnique
Test the median particle diameter average value d for determining CHARACTERISTICS OF TAILINGS SAND particle50=0.14mm。
The energy dissipating ball 3 is placed between model casing feed pipe 8 and tailings accumulation body 2;The basis of CHARACTERISTICS OF TAILINGS SAND accumulation body 2
Field measurement mine tailing sand particle size distribution and tailing heap dry density comprehensively determine.The lifting support 4 by two diameter differences,
And pipe shaft is drilled with the steel sleeve of pin-and-hole and is made, the regulation of its height needs to insert different pin-and-hole 4a by pin rod 4b and carrys out reality
Existing, lifting support 4 holds up model casing above, and erects on pedestal, can be by changing two height of bracing members during experiment
Realize the change of flow rate of water flow.The drainpipe 6 has draining brake valve 7 above, by the water in model casing 1 when experiment is carried out, enters
Flow measuring device IV.The model casing feed pipe 8 is a rubber hose, and it is provided with model casing feedwater brake valve 9 above;
The energy dissipating ball 3 is really some glass marbles, between model casing feed pipe 8 and tailings accumulation body 2, for buffer model case
The non-uniform flow flowed out in feed pipe 8.The pedestal 5 is one block of machine glass planar plate, is placed on cyclic water tank.
The head control system II includes head water tank 10, overflow plate 11, overflow launder 13, fixed pulley 12, manual elevator
Machine 14, head cistern feeding pipe 16 and overflow launder return pipe 15, the head water tank 10 and overflow launder 13 by one it is complete, by
Open top container that lucite is made makes, and overflow plate 11 is placed in centre, the top mark height of the overflow plate 11 in
The top mark of head water tank 10 is high, is bonded by silicone sealant between the overflow plate and head water tank, it is ensured that its is waterproof.Institute
Manually hoist engine 14 is connected with fixed pulley 12 with overflow launder 13 to state head water tank 10, and head, institute can be flexibly controlled during experiment
Head water tank 10 is stated to be realized from the horizontal absolute altitude of model casing to its vertical direction 2m absolute altitudes by fixed pulley 12 and manual hoist 14
Between reciprocate.During on-test, head water tank 10 is located at same level with model casing, is then needed gradually to rise according to experiment
It is high.The head cistern feeding pipe 16 and overflow launder return pipe 15 are made by rubber hose.
The water circulation system III includes cyclic water tank 17, compact submersible pump 18 and loops back water pipe 19;The recirculated water
Case 17 is the transparent open-top receptacle being made up of lucite, the built-in compact submersible pump 18 of the cyclic water tank 17, and external circulation
Return pipe 19;The compact submersible pump 18 is connected with head cistern feeding pipe 16, is that head water tank 10 feeds water.
The flow measuring device IV includes flow measuring cylinder 22 and backwater brake valve 20;The flow measuring cylinder 22 is one
The individual general graduated cylinder of volumetric ratio and the big glass infuser of beaker, the flow measuring cylinder 22 are carved with scale 21 above;The flow measuring
Cylinder 22 receives the draining of model casing 1 by drainpipe 6 and draining brake valve 7, and by looping back water pipe 19 and cyclic water tank 17
It is connected, constitutes water-flow circuit.Water during experiment inside the open model casing for accepting the discharge of drainpipe 6 of flow measuring cylinder 22, leads to
Cross and loop back water pipe 19 and realize water circulation, coordinate backwater brake valve 20 to realize the measurement of flow.
In specific experiment, tested by controlling the attribute of tailings accumulation body 2.Specific implementation step is as follows:
1) manually hoist engine 14 by head water tank 10 drop to in the identical height level of model casing 1, by recirculated water
The water of injection 2/3 in case 17, and all brake valves 7,9,20 are opened, the trial operation of compact submersible pump 18 is opened, check each system
It is faulty.
2) treat to close compact submersible pump 18 after system operation smoothness, and close all brake valves 7,9,20, by model casing
The water of interior 1 and flow measuring device IV is extracted out.
3) tailings grain diameter is divided into four groups, respectively 0.074-0.106(mm), 0.106-0.125(mm), 0.125-
0.25(mm), 0.25-2(mm), and tailings is sieved with sieve, then 1 heap builds tailings accumulation body 2 in model casing, controls it to press
Density is done solid work in 1.63g/cm3Left and right.
4) compact submersible pump 18 and other valves 7,9 in addition to backwater brake valve are opened, treats that current cover tailings heap
Start timing, starting situation and motion state of the observation CHARACTERISTICS OF TAILINGS SAND particle in water when product body 2.
If 5) started without tailings, flow rate of water flow is changed by head control system II, or lifting support 4, until tail
Sand starts to start.When tailings is started and is converted to the motion state of suspended load, the stop recording time, by flow measuring device
IV, coordinates volumetric method calculated flow rate, is converted into cross-section of river mean flow rate.
6) tailings grain diameter is changed, and heap builds tailings accumulation body 2 and repeats four steps above, obtains the different cross-sections of river
The critical grain size of bed load and suspended load under flow velocity.
Embodiment 2:
The present embodiment uses identical device with embodiment 1.Compacted dry density is controlled in embodiment 1 in 1.63g/cm3
Left and right, in view of the dry density of building a dam of actual tailing dam is different, the CHARACTERISTICS OF TAILINGS SAND particle that the present embodiment measures Control release room
Median particle diameter average value d50=0.14mm is constant, changes tailing dam and surveys dry density value of building a dam, by different actual measurement dry density values
Carry out dividing the experiment of bed load and suspended load critical grain size respectively.Specific test procedure is described as follows:
1) manually hoist engine 14 by head water tank 10 drop to in the identical height level of model casing 1, by recirculated water
The water of injection 2/3 in case 17, and all brake valves 7,9,20 are opened, the trial operation of compact submersible pump 18 is opened, check each system
It is faulty.
2) treat to close compact submersible pump 18 after system operation smoothness, and close all brake valves 7,9,20, by model casing
The water of interior 1 and flow measuring device IV is extracted out.
3) particle diameter that will have been sieved for 0.14mm CHARACTERISTICS OF TAILINGS SAND in model casing 1 heap build tailings accumulation body 2, by tailing dam reality
Survey dry density is 1.16 g/cm3, 1.46 g/cm3,(1.63 g/cm3)2.74 g/cm3Done as the compacting of tailings accumulation body 2
Density is tested successively.
4) compact submersible pump 18 and other valves 7,9 in addition to backwater brake valve are opened, treats that current cover tailings heap
Start timing, starting situation and motion state of the observation CHARACTERISTICS OF TAILINGS SAND particle in water when product body 2.
5) stop recording time when tailings is started and is converted to suspended load state, by flow measuring device IV, ligand
Area method calculated flow rate, is converted into cross-section of river mean flow rate.
6) compacted dry density value is changed, and heap builds tailings accumulation body 2, repeats four steps above, obtains different water of crossing and breaks
The critical grain size of the lower bed load of surface current speed and suspended load.
By embodiment 1 and the result of the test of embodiment 2, the function of fitting CHARACTERISTICS OF TAILINGS SAND grain diameter and mean velocity in section
Relation.If wanting to obtain the size of the mean flow rate of cross-section of river when actual tailing dam overflows top dam break, it is only necessary to obtain tailing dam reality
Border build a dam dry density and CHARACTERISTICS OF TAILINGS SAND median value range in particle size values by realized by this experimental rig.
Above by preferred two embodiments, and the principle of this experimental rig and operation are retouched with reference to accompanying drawing
State, but the utility model is not limited to the specific embodiment of above-mentioned two embodiment.Know this technology in any field
Personage on the basis of the utility model, on the premise of without prejudice to claim and utility model principle, can make
Beneficial improvement, but any change for being completed on the premise of without departing from the spirit and technology disclosed in the utility model or
Modification, should include within the protection domain that the utility model is covered.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of self-circulating energy-saving device for dividing CHARACTERISTICS OF TAILINGS SAND bed load and suspended load critical grain size, it is characterised in that:Including mould
Intend tailings starting system(I), head control system(II), water circulation system(III), flow measuring device(IV);The simulation
Tailings starting system(I)By lifting support(4)And pedestal(5)It is positioned over water circulation system(III)On;The head control
System(II)By model casing feed pipe(8)With simulation tailings starting system(I)It is connected, and by head cistern feeding pipe(16)
With overflow launder return pipe(15)With water circulation system(III)It is connected;The flow measuring device(IV)Pass through drainpipe respectively(6)
With loop back water pipe(19)With simulation tailings starting system(I), water circulation system(III)It is connected.
2. the self-circulating energy-saving device for dividing CHARACTERISTICS OF TAILINGS SAND bed load and suspended load critical grain size according to claim 1, its
It is characterised by:The simulation tailings starting system(I)Including model casing(1), tailings accumulation body(2), energy dissipating ball(3), rise descending branch
Frame(4), pedestal(5), drainpipe(6), draining brake valve(7), model casing feed pipe(8);
The model casing(1)It is built-in with tailings accumulation body(2)With energy dissipating ball(3);The energy dissipating ball(3)It is placed on model casing feedwater
Pipe(8)With tailings accumulation body(2)Between;The CHARACTERISTICS OF TAILINGS SAND accumulation body(2)According to field measurement mine tailing sand particle size distribution and mine tailing
Heap dry density comprehensively determines;
The lifting support(4)It is made up of two height-adjustable bracing members, and is placed on pedestal(5)And model casing(1)It
Between, the regulation of its height is needed by pin rod(4b)The different pin-and-hole of insertion(4a)To realize;
The drainpipe(6)There is draining brake valve above(7), by model casing when experiment is carried out(1)Interior water enters flow measuring
Device(IV).
3. the self-circulating energy-saving device for dividing CHARACTERISTICS OF TAILINGS SAND bed load and suspended load critical grain size according to claim 1, its
It is characterised by:The head control system(II)Including head water tank(10), overflow plate(11), overflow launder(13), fixed pulley
(12), manual hoist(14), head cistern feeding pipe(16)With overflow launder return pipe(15);
The head water tank(10)And overflow launder(13)Made by a complete water tank, overflow plate is placed in centre(11), it is described
Overflow plate(11)Top mark height in head water tank(10)Top mark it is high;
The head water tank(10)And overflow launder(13)Manually hoist engine(14)And fixed pulley(12)It is connected, for flexibly control
Head processed;
The head cistern feeding pipe(16)With overflow launder return pipe(15)It is connected to head water tank(10)And overflow launder
(13)Bottom, the overflow launder return pipe(15)Current in overflow launder are introduced directly into cyclic water tank(17).
4. the self-circulating energy-saving device for dividing CHARACTERISTICS OF TAILINGS SAND bed load and suspended load critical grain size according to claim 3, its
It is characterised by:The head cistern feeding pipe(16)With overflow launder return pipe(15)It is made by rubber hose.
5. the self-circulating energy-saving device for dividing CHARACTERISTICS OF TAILINGS SAND bed load and suspended load critical grain size according to claim 1, its
It is characterised by:The water circulation system(III)Including cyclic water tank(17), compact submersible pump(18)With loop back water pipe(19);
The cyclic water tank(17)Built-in compact submersible pump(18), and external loop back water pipe(19);The compact submersible pump
(18)With head cistern feeding pipe(16)It is connected, is head water tank(10)Feedwater.
6. the self-circulating energy-saving device for dividing CHARACTERISTICS OF TAILINGS SAND bed load and suspended load critical grain size according to claim 1, its
It is characterised by:The flow measuring device(IV)Including flow measuring cylinder(22)With backwater brake valve(20);The flow measuring
Cylinder(22)Scale is carved with above(21);
The flow measuring cylinder(22)By drainpipe(6)With draining brake valve(7)Receive model casing(1)Draining, and pass through
Loop back water pipe(19)With cyclic water tank(17)It is connected, constitutes water-flow circuit.
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CN201621128022.7U CN206204867U (en) | 2016-10-18 | 2016-10-18 | Divide the self-circulating energy-saving device of CHARACTERISTICS OF TAILINGS SAND bed load and suspended load critical grain size |
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CN201621128022.7U CN206204867U (en) | 2016-10-18 | 2016-10-18 | Divide the self-circulating energy-saving device of CHARACTERISTICS OF TAILINGS SAND bed load and suspended load critical grain size |
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN106368164A (en) * | 2016-10-18 | 2017-02-01 | 昆明理工大学 | Self-circulation energy saving device of critical particle size for separating tailing sand bed loads from suspended loads |
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2016
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN106368164A (en) * | 2016-10-18 | 2017-02-01 | 昆明理工大学 | Self-circulation energy saving device of critical particle size for separating tailing sand bed loads from suspended loads |
CN106368164B (en) * | 2016-10-18 | 2019-02-19 | 昆明理工大学 | Divide the self-circulating energy-saving device of CHARACTERISTICS OF TAILINGS SAND bed load and suspended load critical grain size |
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