CN115180870A - Concrete compaction reinforcing agent - Google Patents
Concrete compaction reinforcing agent Download PDFInfo
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- CN115180870A CN115180870A CN202210814729.7A CN202210814729A CN115180870A CN 115180870 A CN115180870 A CN 115180870A CN 202210814729 A CN202210814729 A CN 202210814729A CN 115180870 A CN115180870 A CN 115180870A
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- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 122
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 239000012744 reinforcing agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000004005 microsphere Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- MSBXTPRURXJCPF-DQWIULQBSA-N cucurbit[6]uril Chemical compound N1([C@@H]2[C@@H]3N(C1=O)CN1[C@@H]4[C@@H]5N(C1=O)CN1[C@@H]6[C@@H]7N(C1=O)CN1[C@@H]8[C@@H]9N(C1=O)CN([C@H]1N(C%10=O)CN9C(=O)N8CN7C(=O)N6CN5C(=O)N4CN3C(=O)N2C2)C3=O)CN4C(=O)N5[C@@H]6[C@H]4N2C(=O)N6CN%10[C@H]1N3C5 MSBXTPRURXJCPF-DQWIULQBSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- MSRJTTSHWYDFIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N octyltriethoxysilane Chemical class CCCCCCCC[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC MSRJTTSHWYDFIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000011344 liquid material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003623 enhancer Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 14
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 17
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 16
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 14
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 13
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 8
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 7
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 6
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000003020 moisturizing effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000378 calcium silicate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052918 calcium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;dioxido(oxo)silane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000004111 Potassium silicate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000001301 ethoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 2
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 2
- -1 fatty acid salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 2
- BITYAPCSNKJESK-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassiosodium Chemical compound [Na].[K] BITYAPCSNKJESK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NNHHDJVEYQHLHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium silicate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NNHHDJVEYQHLHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052913 potassium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000005871 repellent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229920002545 silicone oil Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004078 waterproofing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229920000858 Cyclodextrin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XFWJKVMFIVXPKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;oxido(oxo)alumane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Al]=O.[O-][Al]=O XFWJKVMFIVXPKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VTJUKNSKBAOEHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N calixarene Chemical class COC(=O)COC1=C(CC=2C(=C(CC=3C(=C(C4)C=C(C=3)C(C)(C)C)OCC(=O)OC)C=C(C=2)C(C)(C)C)OCC(=O)OC)C=C(C(C)(C)C)C=C1CC1=C(OCC(=O)OC)C4=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C1 VTJUKNSKBAOEHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005536 corrosion prevention Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003983 crown ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001923 cyclic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940097362 cyclodextrins Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- KPUWHANPEXNPJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N disiloxane Chemical class [SiH3]O[SiH3] KPUWHANPEXNPJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010828 elution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000011859 microparticle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002347 octyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229960003493 octyltriethoxysilane Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000005375 organosiloxane group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000003204 osmotic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003908 quality control method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021487 silica fume Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920002050 silicone resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004901 spalling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B40/00—Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability
- C04B40/0028—Aspects relating to the mixing step of the mortar preparation
- C04B40/0039—Premixtures of ingredients
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2103/00—Function or property of ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B2103/0068—Ingredients with a function or property not provided for elsewhere in C04B2103/00
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a concrete compaction reinforcing agent which is a liquid material and comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 20.0-50.0% of modified octyl triethoxysilane emulsion, 2.0-5.0% of cucurbituril, 1.0-4.0% of thermoplastic hollow high polymer microsphere and 41.0-77.0% of water. The concrete compaction reinforcing agent has excellent waterproofness, and the water absorption ratio can be reduced to 0.8%; the strengthening effect is obvious, and the 28-day compressive strength is increased by 136 percent; the expansion multiplying power is large, the elasticity is good, the maximum expansion is 32 times, the danger of expansion cracking caused by excessive addition is avoided, meanwhile, long-time moisture retention maintenance is not needed, the construction period is shortened, and the manufacturing cost is reduced; the concrete temperature rise is inhibited by about 10-16 ℃, and the influence of over-high temperature rise and over-high temperature gradient of mass concrete on the volume stability, temperature cracks and durability of the concrete is greatly improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a concrete compaction reinforcing agent, in particular to a novel organic concrete compaction reinforcing agent which has good compaction waterproof reinforcing effect, does not need moisture retention maintenance and can prevent capillary water absorption from damaging.
Background
Long-term studies of chloride-entering low permeability high performance (50 MPa) bridge construction concrete were conducted according to british Traffic Research Laboratory (TRL) and observed: the rate of capillary "absorbency" is millions of times faster than the rate of "permeability", about 10 -6 M/s. Osmotic pressure is not the root cause of water leakage if the concrete is intact and without cracks: the pressure reaches the pressure equilibrium when entering the shallow layer in the concrete, and the subsequent water transmission is caused by the reticular pore structure in the concrete, and the moving power of the water transmission is caused by capillary phenomenon (surface tension).
Leakage is one of the main common diseases of concrete structures, and has great harm to the overall quality of the structures. One is that leakage can cause concrete to erode (so-called erosion, i.e., water leakage can cause erosive attack on the concrete); the second is that leakage can cause and accelerate the occurrence and development of other diseases.
The key to corrosion prevention is to reduce the content of free calcium oxide or calcium hydroxide in the concrete. It is known that the hydration products of cement in concrete mainly include calcium silicate hydrate, calcium aluminate hydrate, calcium ferroaluminate hydrate and calcium hydroxide, and sufficient calcium hydroxide is the guarantee of coagulation and crystallization stability of other hydration products. Among the above hydration products, calcium hydroxide has a high solubility in water. Under normal conditions, saturated calcium hydroxide solution is present in concrete pores. Once leakage occurs, the calcium hydroxide in the concrete can be dissolved away by the leakage water, white calcium carbonate crystals are formed outside the concrete, and thus, the balance condition of other stable hydration products of cement is destroyed, and the decomposition of the hydration products is caused. Resulting in a decrease in concrete performance. When the total calcium hydroxide content (calculated by calcium oxide content) in the concrete is dissolved out by 25 percent, the compressive strength of the concrete is reduced by 50 percent; when the amount of elution exceeds 33%, the concrete loses strength completely and is broken loosely.
The concrete compactness is usually increased by adding swelling agent, permeating crystallization catalyst, silica fume, superfine mineral powder and other high-activity micro-particle size substances, but these substances and the generated hydration products are hydrophilic substances, which cannot prevent water from permeating, let alone capillary water absorption. In addition, the hydration products of the expanding agents are rigid substances, so that the concrete is easy to crack due to excessive amounts of the hydration products, and the damage is great. And because the expansion multiplying power of the substances is small and is generally 1.6-3 times of the volume of the substances, too few substances cannot reach the expansion value actually required by engineering, and the quality control is difficult. Moreover, the hydration of the above substances requires a large amount of water, and therefore, it requires a moisturizing and curing period of up to 14 days, or it does not have an expansive effect, and the construction is cumbersome. If common hydrophobic substances such as hard fatty acid salts, waxes, silicone oils, organic siloxane powder, potassium silicate, potassium sodium silicate and the like are added into concrete, the physical shielding effect on the hydration of cement is generated due to the poor intersolubility of calcium silicate inorganic substances which are main components of cement, and although the hydrophobic effect is good, the substances can greatly reduce the strength of the concrete. Therefore, it is necessary to prepare a compact reinforcing agent which has good water-blocking effect, is compact, prevents the capillary from water absorption damage, has large expansion ratio, does not cause spalling, is convenient to construct and does not reduce the strength of concrete.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: in order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the novel concrete compaction reinforcing agent is provided, the air tightness is enhanced, and the capillary water absorption hazard is reduced.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a concrete compaction reinforcing agent is characterized in that: the material is a liquid material and comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
20.0 to 50.0 percent of modified octyl triethoxysilane emulsion,
2.0 to 5.0 percent of cucurbituril,
1.0-4.0% of thermoplastic hollow high-molecular polymer microsphere,
41.0-77.0% of water.
The octyl triethoxysilane of the modified octyl triethoxysilane emulsion contains three ethoxy groups which are easy to hydrolyze, the ethoxy groups are easy to hydrolyze in alkaline concrete and are three silicon hydroxyl groups, the three silicon hydroxyl groups react with silicon dioxide in calcium silicate in concrete to form a net-shaped three-dimensional structure, and the methyl silicone resin prepolymer is mutually combined with inorganic silicon dioxide in the same way to form the three-dimensional net-shaped structure, so that the strength of the concrete is integrally improved; the nonionic surfactant in the modified octyl triethoxysilane emulsion is also a plasticizer, a dispersant and a water reducing agent of the concrete, so that the fluidity of the concrete is increased, the concrete is more compact, the capillary pores are reduced, and the strength is improved; the water-repellent octyl groups in the modified octyl triethoxysilane emulsion are regularly arranged on capillary pore walls, and are uniformly outward and water-repellent, so that the strength of concrete is improved by more than 30% by using the waterproof agent, and the waterproof agent is waterproof integrally and is waterproof from inside to outside;
cucurbituril is a highly rigid, barrel-shaped cyclic compound, cucurbituril is a cross-linked molecule, it fixes two object molecules in its cavity, like a molecule handcuff, the designed object molecules prefer to stay longer than normal in the cavity, this makes the polymer network keep the close connection, make it able to bear the compression, the compressive strength of the supramolecular network got is up to 100MPa, even in 12 times of compression and relaxation cycles with 93% strain compression will not break, it is worth noting that these networks show fast room temperature self-recovery (< 120 s), this makes the concrete rigid and tough, reduce the concrete because of temperature stress, foundation settlement, construction improper risk of cracking etc.; the cucurbituril has the structural characteristics of a cavity with external hydrophilicity and internal hydrophobicity, the external hydrophilicity enables the cucurbituril to be tightly combined with concrete, the internal hydrophobicity can prevent water, capillary pores are blocked, and excellent compaction, enhancement and waterproof effects are achieved;
the thermoplastic hollow high-molecular polymer microsphere can be expanded when being heated, the microsphere shell with large volume is thicker, the air tightness is better, the expansion effect is better than that of the microsphere with small volume, the polymer components are very important because the glass transition temperature and the gas permeability of the shell are determined, the gas in the expanded microsphere determines the pressure in the shell at a specified temperature, the microsphere is contacted with an alkaline substance, the glass transition temperature of the shell is reduced, the shell is softened in advance, the temperature at which the shell begins to expand is reduced, the concrete is a strong alkaline substance, the hydration reaction process of the concrete is a strong heat release process, the hydration heat in the large-volume concrete can enable the temperature to be increased to 80 ℃, the concrete can generate larger shrinkage after being hydrated and cooled, the expansion temperature of the microsphere is 40-80 ℃, after being exposed to alkaline substances, namely the expansion temperature range in concrete is 30-65 ℃, when the concrete is cooled, the shell of the microsphere is hardened again, the volume is fixed, the microsphere has good elasticity, the expanded microsphere can be easily compressed, and when the pressure is relieved, most of the expanded microspheres can be recovered to the original volume of the microspheres; the microspheres are added into the fresh concrete, internal pressure can be generated after expansion, the pressure is used for offsetting shrinkage generated after the concrete is cooled and hardened, micro expansion is generated, and the expansion of the microspheres does not depend on a large amount of water, so that compared with the concrete added with the common inorganic expanding agent, the concrete does not need to be subjected to moisturizing and curing for 14 days, and the construction period and the construction cost are shortened.
Further, the modified octyl triethoxysilane emulsion is a milky white liquid with pH of 6-8, and the solid content is 40%. Compared with common hydrophobic waterproof agents, the waterproof agent has good compatibility with cement, good waterproof effect, no reduction of compressive strength and strength increase of more than 30 percent.
Furthermore, the cucurbituril is a highly symmetrical cucurbit-shaped molecule with a large ring cavity and two open ends. Cucurbituril, also known as cucurbituril, is a fourth generation of novel supramolecular complexes following crown ethers, cyclodextrins, calixarenes; cucurbiturils have a cavity structure characteristic of outer hydrophilicity and inner hydrophobicity. The special structure with the outer hydrophilic part and the inner hydrophobic part enables the concrete to be tightly combined with the concrete, meanwhile, the waterproof and compacting effects are good, the rigidity, the toughness and the self-recovery capability are good, and the strength and the crack resistance of the concrete can be improved.
Furthermore, the thermoplastic hollow high-molecular polymer microsphere consists of a thermoplastic polymer shell and sealed alkane gas, has an average diameter of 52-85 mu m, is of a closed-cell structure, and is low in water absorption rate and high in air tightness. The concrete can be expanded by heat, the air tightness is good, the expansion is 32 times of the volume of the concrete to the maximum, an inorganic expanding agent is commonly used in a supermarket far away, the expansion temperature range in the concrete is 30-65 ℃, the inorganic expanding agent can absorb a large amount of concrete hydration heat in the expansion process, the temperature rise of the concrete is greatly inhibited, the influence of the large-volume concrete on the volume stability, the temperature cracks and the durability of the concrete due to overhigh temperature rise and overlarge temperature gradient can be greatly improved, after the concrete is cooled, the microsphere shell is hardened again and has fixed volume, the microsphere shell has good elasticity, can bear multiple times of pressurization/pressure relief without cracking, the closed pore structure is maintained, the air tightness and the water resistance and the toughness of the concrete are increased, meanwhile, the damage of expansion cracks caused by excessive addition is avoided, the microspheres are added into fresh concrete, the internal pressure can be generated after expansion, the pressure is used for offsetting the shrinkage generated after the concrete is cooled and hardened, the micro expansion is generated, and the expansion of the microspheres does not need to depend on a large amount of water, so that compared with the concrete added with the common inorganic expanding agent, the maintenance for 14 days is not needed, and the construction period is shortened.
Further, the water is tap water.
The concrete compaction reinforcing agent prepared by the invention introduces a new organic elastic compaction expanding agent, namely thermoplastic hollow high-molecular polymer microspheres, so that the expansion compaction is generated, the expansion crack hazard is avoided, the toughness of the concrete is improved, and the moisture retention maintenance is not needed;
introducing a new waterproof agent- -cucurbituril and modified octyl triethoxysilane emulsion, wherein the two waterproof agents are hydrophobic and improve the strength of concrete;
the composite material has the characteristics of rigidity and flexibility, the reaction product of the cucurbituril and the modified octyl triethoxysilane emulsion is a rigid waterproof compact substance, the thermoplastic hollow high polymer microsphere is a flexible waterproof compact substance, and the rigidity and flexibility are combined, so that the air tightness and the toughness of the concrete are improved, and the damage caused by the capillary effect water absorption and the great temperature rise of the concrete is reduced.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the waterproof performance is excellent, and the water absorption ratio can be reduced to 0.8%;
2. the strengthening effect is obvious, and the 28-day compressive strength is increased by 136 percent;
3. the expansion multiplying power is large, the elasticity is good, the maximum expansion is 32 times, the danger of expansion cracking caused by excessive addition is avoided, meanwhile, long-time moisture retention maintenance is not needed, the construction period is shortened, and the manufacturing cost is reduced;
4. the concrete temperature rise is inhibited by about 10-16 ℃, and the influence of over-high temperature rise and over-high temperature gradient of mass concrete on the volume stability, temperature cracks and durability of the concrete is greatly improved.
Detailed Description
The following examples are given for the detailed implementation and specific operation of the embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
Example 1
A concrete compaction reinforcing agent comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
20.0 percent of modified octyl triethoxysilane emulsion, 2.0 percent of cucurbituril, 1.0 percent of thermoplastic hollow high polymer microsphere and 77.0 percent of tap water, thus preparing the concrete compaction reinforcing agent.
Example 2
A concrete compaction reinforcing agent comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
30.0 percent of modified octyl triethoxysilane emulsion, 3.0 percent of cucurbituril, 2.0 percent of thermoplastic hollow high-molecular polymer microspheres and 65.0 percent of tap water, thus preparing the concrete compaction reinforcing agent.
Example 3
A concrete compaction reinforcing agent comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
40.0 percent of modified octyl triethoxysilane emulsion, 4.0 percent of cucurbituril, 3.0 percent of thermoplastic hollow high polymer microspheres and 53.0 percent of tap water, thus preparing the concrete compaction reinforcing agent.
Example 4
A concrete compaction reinforcing agent comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
50.0 percent of modified octyl triethoxysilane emulsion, 5.0 percent of cucurbituril, 4.0 percent of thermoplastic hollow high polymer microspheres and 41.0 percent of tap water, thus preparing the concrete compaction reinforcing agent.
Comparative example 1
The mixing amount of the concrete is 32.0kg/m for mixing the standard concrete of the commercial calcium expanding agent 3 。
Comparative example 2
The mixing amount of the concrete is 10.0kg/m for mixing standard concrete of commercial organosilicon waterproofing agent 3 。
The standard concrete is C35, and the mixture ratio is as follows: 425 cement 285.0kg/m 3 Second grade fly ash 59.0kg/m 3 47.0kg/m of S95 mineral powder 3 260.0kg/m of fine stone with the thickness of 5-10mm 3 783.0kg/m of 10-25mm coarse stone 3 725.0kg/m of sand 3 6.2kg/m of water reducing agent 3 158.0kg/m of water 3 。
The concrete compaction reinforcing agents prepared in the embodiments 1 to 4 of the invention are mixed into the reference concrete (the mixing amount is 7.8kg/m 3 ) And the properties of comparative example 1 and comparative example 2 are shown in the following table:
the electric flux is the total current passing through the concrete in a unit area within a certain time, and the resistance of the concrete to harmful medium penetration (such as carbonization resistance, water permeation resistance, chloride ion resistance, sulfate resistance, freezing resistance and alkali-aggregate resistance) is evaluated by measuring the coulomb value of the current passing through the concrete when the concrete is electrified for 6 hours under the action of 60V direct current constant voltage, so that the durability of the concrete is reflected. According to TB-10005-2010 durability design specifications of railway concrete structures, the electric flux of the C35 grade concrete is less than 1500C, the design service life of the concrete is 60 years, the electric flux of the concrete is less than 1200C, and the design service life of the concrete is 100 years. As can be seen from the table, the electric flux of the concrete doped with the concrete of the embodiment 1 to the concrete of the embodiment 4 is far less than 1200C, while the electric flux of the concrete doped with the common commercially available expanding agent is more than 1200C and less than 1500C, and according to the specification, the design service life is prolonged by 40 years, the amplification is about 66.7 percent, and the amplification is very obvious. In addition, the electric flux can indirectly react the concrete to resist capillary effect, namely capillary water absorption harm, and the electric flux value is greatly reduced, which shows that the concrete added in the embodiments 1 to 4 has excellent capillary effect resistance function, blocks capillary holes and prevents the concrete from being penetrated by the capillary water absorption caused by the capillary effect.
It can be seen from the table that compared with comparative example 2, the concrete of examples 1-4 has not only very low water absorption ratio, but also obviously increased compressive strength, which indicates that the concrete has good compatibility with the concrete and is completely different from common hydrophobic substances such as hard fatty acid salts, waxes, silicone oils, organosiloxane powder, potassium silicate, potassium sodium silicate and other organosilicon water-proofing agents.
It can also be seen from the table that compared with comparative example 1, in the case of the addition amount of one fourth of comparative example 1, the expansion rates in air are significantly higher in examples 1 to 4, and the expansion rate in water is also higher than in comparative example 1. Moreover, it is obvious that the expansion rate of curing in air and water is not changed basically in examples 1-4, while the concrete after being added is contracted in air in comparative example 1, namely, under the condition of not moisturizing curing, and the concrete in examples 1-4 is expanded in both water and air, which shows that the concrete can generate larger expansion without moisturizing curing, and the construction period can be greatly saved and the construction cost can be reduced when the concrete is applied in engineering.
In addition, as can be seen from the table, since the thermoplastic hollow high molecular polymer microspheres require a large amount of heat for expansion, the hydration heat of the concrete can be absorbed in a large amount, so that the temperature rise of the mass concrete is effectively reduced, and the cracking of the concrete is prevented.
Claims (5)
1. A concrete compaction reinforcing agent is characterized in that: the liquid material comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
20.0 to 50.0 percent of modified octyl triethoxysilane emulsion,
2.0 to 5.0 percent of cucurbituril,
1.0-4.0% of thermoplastic hollow high-molecular polymer microsphere,
41.0-77.0% of water.
2. A concrete compaction reinforcing agent according to claim 1, wherein: the modified octyl triethoxysilane emulsion is a milky white liquid with pH of 6-8 and solid content of 40%.
3. A concrete compaction enhancer according to claim 1, wherein: the cucurbituril is a highly symmetrical cucurbit-shaped molecule with a large ring cavity and two open ends.
4. A concrete compaction reinforcing agent according to claim 1, wherein: the thermoplastic hollow high-molecular polymer microsphere consists of a thermoplastic polymer shell and sealed alkane gas, has an average diameter of 52-85 mu m, and is of a closed-cell structure.
5. A concrete compaction enhancer according to claim 1, wherein: the water is tap water.
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