CN115166659A - A three-coordinate radar array element-level flexible trajectory target simulator - Google Patents

A three-coordinate radar array element-level flexible trajectory target simulator Download PDF

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CN115166659A
CN115166659A CN202210888210.3A CN202210888210A CN115166659A CN 115166659 A CN115166659 A CN 115166659A CN 202210888210 A CN202210888210 A CN 202210888210A CN 115166659 A CN115166659 A CN 115166659A
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曹阳
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724th Research Institute of CSIC
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01SRADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
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Abstract

The invention is applied to the field of radar target simulation and discloses a three-coordinate radar array element-level flexible track target simulator. The method considers various external environments and use scenes, sets parameters according to requirements, utilizes real target radar echoes to simulate air and sea targets, gun-shot water columns, low-altitude helicopters, unmanned plane swarms, sea clutters and meteorological clutters, simulates movement tracks of various targets, reads track files or realizes flexible tracks according to movement of an operator mouse movement track, and meets the requirements of debugging, training, using, training and the like of multi-type radars and other equipment needing radar data. The invention can improve the debugging, training, using and training efficiency of the radar and other equipment needing radar data, saves manpower and material resources, improves the stability of the equipment and has higher economic benefit.

Description

一种三坐标雷达阵元级灵活轨迹目标模拟器A three-coordinate radar array element-level flexible trajectory target simulator

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及雷达模拟器仿真技术领域。The invention relates to the technical field of radar simulator simulation.

背景技术Background technique

雷达模拟器是雷达研制以及与周边电子设备的联调联试过程中不可或缺的,以往的雷达模拟器功能单一,仅仅能模拟一款雷达信号,使用局限性很大,而且模拟的目标样式单一,目标运行路线简单,目标真实度不高。Radar simulator is indispensable in the process of radar development and joint debugging and testing with surrounding electronic equipment. The previous radar simulator has a single function and can only simulate one radar signal. The use is very limited, and the simulated target style Single, the target running route is simple, and the target authenticity is not high.

本发明综合考虑了以往雷达模拟器设计的优缺点,分析了雷达与相关电子设备的联调联试的需求,还从产品的易用性,易维护性角度考虑,以此为依据来设计雷达模拟器,极大简化雷达与相关电子设备联调联试,培训,训练的难度,提升工作效率,节省人力物力。The invention comprehensively considers the advantages and disadvantages of the previous radar simulator design, analyzes the requirements of the joint debugging and joint testing of the radar and related electronic equipment, and also considers the ease of use and maintenance of the product, and designs the radar based on this. The simulator greatly simplifies the difficulty of joint debugging, training, and training of radar and related electronic equipment, improves work efficiency, and saves manpower and material resources.

发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

本发明提供一种三坐标雷达阵元级灵活轨迹目标模拟器,操作者可选择多种型号雷达模拟,也可根据需求设置参数,自定义模拟,可利用真实目标雷达回波和杂波噪声,干扰等数据模拟空海目标,炮射水柱,低空直升机,无人机蜂群等目标,模拟各种目标运行轨迹,以解决多型雷达以及其他需要雷达数据的设备的调试,培训,使用和训练等需求。The invention provides a three-coordinate radar array element-level flexible trajectory target simulator. The operator can choose various types of radar simulations, and can also set parameters according to requirements to customize the simulation, and can use real target radar echoes and clutter noises. Interference and other data simulate air-sea targets, gun-fired water columns, low-altitude helicopters, drone swarms and other targets, and simulate various target running trajectories to solve the debugging, training, use and training of multi-type radar and other equipment that requires radar data, etc. need.

本发明提出了一种三坐标雷达阵元级灵活轨迹的目标模拟器,技术方案包括:The invention proposes a target simulator with a three-coordinate radar array element-level flexible trajectory, and the technical scheme includes:

包括硬件部分和软件部分;其中硬件部分包括机柜,机柜内装载有显示屏,交换机,切换器,显控计算机,雷达信号产生和处理计算机;所述显控计算机用于雷达界面显示操控;所述雷达信号产生和处理计算机用于产生雷达回波信号并处理,内部装有Pcie板卡和对外接口板卡,具有输入光纤数据,输出光纤、数字差分信号、模拟信号的功能;软件部分包括信号产生单元,信号处理单元,数据处理单元,显控单元,对外接口单元;所述信号产生单元模拟产生雷达阵元级回波信号,根据不同型号雷达参数,依据真实雷达回波信号模型产生雷达回波信号数据以及根据不同目标、杂波、干扰的回波特点,模拟目标回波信号,然后雷达信号处理单元对模拟雷达回波做雷达信号处理;所述数据处理单元对信号处理之后的数据做数据处理,同时对火控开窗进行图像处理,对目标的运动特征和频谱特性进行目标识别,处理后的数据送给显控单元处理;所述显控单元用于人机交互,显示雷达回波,发送处理命令,产生灵活目标轨迹文件;所述对外接口单元,用于给其他设备输出雷达视频数据。It includes a hardware part and a software part; the hardware part includes a cabinet, and the cabinet is equipped with a display screen, a switch, a switch, a display and control computer, and a radar signal generation and processing computer; the display and control computer is used for radar interface display and control; the The radar signal generation and processing computer is used to generate and process radar echo signals. It is equipped with Pcie board and external interface board, and has the functions of inputting optical fiber data, outputting optical fiber, digital differential signal, and analog signal; the software part includes signal generation. unit, signal processing unit, data processing unit, display control unit, and external interface unit; the signal generation unit simulates and generates radar array element-level echo signals, and generates radar echoes according to different types of radar parameters and real radar echo signal models The signal data and the echo characteristics of different targets, clutter and interference simulate the target echo signal, and then the radar signal processing unit performs radar signal processing on the simulated radar echo; the data processing unit performs data processing on the data after the signal processing. At the same time, image processing is performed on the fire control window, and the motion characteristics and spectral characteristics of the target are identified, and the processed data is sent to the display and control unit for processing; the display and control unit is used for human-computer interaction and displays radar echoes , send a processing command to generate a flexible target trajectory file; the external interface unit is used to output radar video data to other devices.

进一步的,所述信号产生单元,模拟产生多种型号雷达的回波信号,叠加事先采集并处理的多种类型真实目标、杂波、干扰的阵元级回波数据,并预估目标、杂波、干扰的RCS和运动状态,来模拟回波信号的强度和起伏;所述信号处理单元,根据所选模拟雷达型号和操控命令对雷达回波信号进行相应信号处理;所述显控单元,选择多型雷达进行模拟,各型雷达参数事先写在程序里或通过读文件获取,也可在显控界面根据需求设置参数,自定义模拟;对多种类型目标进行模拟,目标真实回波数据通过读文件获取;模拟多种目标运动轨迹,读取轨迹文件或按照操作员鼠标运行轨迹运动;所述数据处理单元,对信号处理后的数据进行处理,生成目标点航迹,对火控开窗数据进行高分辨成像,根据目标微多普勒特征作出识别。Further, the signal generating unit simulates and generates echo signals of various types of radars, superimposes the array element-level echo data of various types of real targets, clutter, and interference collected and processed in advance, and estimates the target, clutter, and interference. Wave, interference RCS and motion state, to simulate the intensity and fluctuation of the echo signal; the signal processing unit, according to the selected simulated radar model and the control command to perform corresponding signal processing on the radar echo signal; the display and control unit, Select multiple types of radars for simulation, the parameters of each type of radar are written in the program in advance or obtained by reading files, and parameters can also be set on the display and control interface according to requirements to customize the simulation; simulate multiple types of targets, and the real echo data of the target Obtained by reading a file; simulating a variety of target motion trajectories, reading the trajectory file or moving according to the operator's mouse running trajectory; the data processing unit processes the data after signal processing, generates target point trajectory, and opens fire control High-resolution imaging is performed on the window data, and identification is made according to the micro-Doppler characteristics of the target.

本发明的有益效果在于:The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

本发明可以使用一台雷达模拟器模拟多种型号的雷达,也可以自定义参数的模拟雷达;使用真实回波数据模拟多种不同目标的阵元级雷达回波信号,模拟逼真度和丰富度较高;能够模拟出目标的灵活轨迹,能够满足多种使用需求,简化雷达与相关电子设备联调联试,培训,训练的难度,提升工作效率,节省人力物力。极大的节省人力物力,具有一定的经济效率。The present invention can use one radar simulator to simulate various types of radars, and can also simulate radars with customized parameters; use real echo data to simulate the array element-level radar echo signals of various different targets, and simulate the fidelity and richness. High; it can simulate the flexible trajectory of the target, meet a variety of use requirements, simplify the joint debugging, training, and training difficulty of radar and related electronic equipment, improve work efficiency, and save manpower and material resources. Great savings in manpower and material resources, with a certain economic efficiency.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1为雷达模拟器工作原理图。Figure 1 shows the working principle of the radar simulator.

图2为雷达模拟器硬件示意图。Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the radar simulator hardware.

图3信号产生模拟目标逻辑图。Figure 3. Signal generation analog target logic diagram.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

下面结合附图和实施例对本发明作进一步的解释说明。The present invention will be further explained below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

本发明提出了一种三坐标雷达阵元级灵活轨迹目标模拟器,优选实施例如下:The present invention proposes a three-coordinate radar array element-level flexible trajectory target simulator, and the preferred embodiment is as follows:

模拟器工作原理如图1所示,目标模拟过程由显控单元发起,操作员可在显控界面上选择所需模拟的雷达型号、工作模式,目标状态(如静止点目标,运动点目标),目标类型(如船,直升机,民航客机,战斗机,旋翼无人机),目标运动线路(如径向飞行,切向飞行,按鼠标划线轨迹飞行)选项,显控软件事先存储或者读文件方式获取雷达参数,目标状态参数,目标真实回波数据,目标运行线路数据,显控软件根据雷达天线波束扫描特点以及目标运动轨迹,每一个天线旋转周期,计算一次基准信息和复制目标信息,通过目标的运动特性计算出下一个天线旋转周期的基准目标方位,并在基准目标方位到达之前计算出下一天线旋转周期的基准目标的方位、距离、仰角、多普勒、幅度等信息,并在信号产生单元的更新报文方位之前将雷达型号,目标真实回波数据、基准目标参数信息、复制目标信息等通过报文发送给信号产生单元。The working principle of the simulator is shown in Figure 1. The target simulation process is initiated by the display and control unit. The operator can select the radar model, working mode, and target state (such as stationary point target, moving point target) to be simulated on the display and control interface. , target type (such as ship, helicopter, civil airliner, fighter jet, rotary-wing drone), target motion line (such as radial flight, tangential flight, flight by mouse line) option, display and control software to store or read files in advance Obtain radar parameters, target state parameters, target real echo data, target running line data, display and control software according to radar antenna beam scanning characteristics and target motion trajectory, each antenna rotation cycle, calculate once the reference information and copy target information, through The motion characteristics of the target calculate the azimuth of the reference target in the next antenna rotation cycle, and before the arrival of the reference target azimuth, calculate the azimuth, distance, elevation angle, Doppler, amplitude and other information of the reference target in the next antenna rotation cycle, and in the Before updating the message azimuth of the signal generating unit, the radar model, target real echo data, reference target parameter information, duplicate target information, etc. are sent to the signal generating unit through a message.

信号产生单元用于生成雷达扫描方位,根据显控命令产生对应通道数的雷达回波模拟阵元级信号,其中模拟目标的雷达回波数据可以是事先采集的对应雷达型号的真实目标雷达回波阵元级信号,也可以是纯模拟雷达回波阵元级信号。Pcie板卡上的FPGA内加载的信号产生软件依据雷达型号,工作方式等参数,产生与天线旋转周期对应的方位信息。初始化后,根据转速控制码,产生与工作方式匹配的模拟方位,根据当前的重复周期产生周期计数器。程序根据目标类型,更新目标参数,产生基准目标,计算距离和方位上的复制目标信息,产生复制目标。目标产生逻辑如图3所示,当接收到目标命令时,判断是否更新每圈的目标参数,在当前方位等于更新方位时,更新当前圈的目标参数,否则,保持参数到下一圈更新方位。当前脉冲结束时,更新下一脉冲的参数;否则,等待脉冲结束。判断方位上的目标是否产生完毕,当方位目标计数器等于方位目标数时,判断当前方位等于下一目标方位时,计算下一方位目标参数;当判断当前方位大于下一目标方位时,判断距离上的目标是否产生完毕,当距离目标计数器等于距离目标数时,判断当前距离等于下一目标距离时,计算下一距离目标的参数信息;当判断当前距离大于下一目标距离时,生成目标数据,并对产生的目标数据进行幅度系数加权;当距离目标计数器大于距离目标数时,当前脉冲距离目标产生结束;当方位目标计数器大于方位目标数时,停止产生方位目标。The signal generation unit is used to generate the radar scanning azimuth, and generate the radar echo simulation array element-level signal corresponding to the number of channels according to the display control command. The radar echo data of the simulated target can be the real target radar echo of the corresponding radar model collected in advance. The array element level signal can also be a pure analog radar echo array element level signal. The signal generation software loaded in the FPGA on the Pcie board generates azimuth information corresponding to the rotation period of the antenna according to the radar model, working mode and other parameters. After initialization, according to the rotational speed control code, the simulated azimuth matching the working mode is generated, and the cycle counter is generated according to the current repetition cycle. The program updates the target parameters according to the target type, generates the reference target, calculates the duplicate target information on the distance and azimuth, and generates the duplicate target. The target generation logic is shown in Figure 3. When the target command is received, it is judged whether to update the target parameters of each circle. When the current orientation is equal to the updated orientation, the target parameters of the current circle are updated. Otherwise, the parameters are kept until the next circle to update the orientation. . When the current pulse ends, update the parameters of the next pulse; otherwise, wait for the end of the pulse. Judging whether the target on the azimuth has been generated, when the azimuth target counter is equal to the number of azimuth targets, when it is judged that the current azimuth is equal to the next target azimuth, calculate the parameters of the next azimuth target; when it is judged that the current azimuth is greater than the next target azimuth, judge the distance Whether the generated target is completed, when the distance target counter is equal to the distance target number, when it is judged that the current distance is equal to the next target distance, the parameter information of the next distance target is calculated; when it is judged that the current distance is greater than the next target distance, the target data is generated, The generated target data is weighted by the amplitude coefficient; when the distance target counter is greater than the distance target number, the current pulse distance target generation ends; when the azimuth target counter is greater than the azimuth target number, the azimuth target generation is stopped.

信号处理单元完成显控命令的接收、分析处理,根据显控发送的命令和参数对信号产生单元产生的模拟雷达阵元级雷达回波信号进行DBF、脉冲压缩、恒虚警、MTI等信号处理操作,得到模拟雷达视频数据发送给显控单元和数据处理单元。The signal processing unit completes the reception, analysis and processing of the display and control commands, and performs DBF, pulse compression, constant false alarm, MTI and other signal processing on the analog radar array element-level radar echo signals generated by the signal generation unit according to the commands and parameters sent by the display control. operation, the obtained analog radar video data is sent to the display control unit and the data processing unit.

数据处理单元通过网络接收显控单元发送的用户录取、跟踪、开窗、识别等命令及目标信息进行数据处理,生成点航迹信息,目标识别结果以及开窗图像数据,通过网络发送给显控单元。The data processing unit receives commands and target information sent by the display and control unit through the network for data processing, such as user admission, tracking, windowing, identification, etc., and generates point track information, target recognition results and windowing image data, and sends them to the display and control unit through the network. unit.

对外接口单元其接收信号处理单元发送的模拟雷达视频数据和雷达扫描方位数据,生成需要的仰角视频数据和方位增量等信息,通过光纤,差分线,射频线的途径输出给系统内其他设备。The external interface unit receives the analog radar video data and radar scanning azimuth data sent by the signal processing unit, generates the required elevation video data and azimuth increment and other information, and outputs it to other devices in the system through optical fibers, differential lines, and radio frequency lines.

灵活轨迹根据常见的飞行器的飞行轨迹,速度,雷达反射面积产生轨迹文件存储在计算机中,需要时通过读取文件获得轨迹参数,生成模拟目标的灵活轨迹。灵活轨迹还可以根据使用者鼠标在显控界面的上划线来产生,模拟目标会根据鼠标划的线运行。The flexible trajectory generates trajectory files according to the flight trajectory, speed, and radar reflection area of common aircraft, and stores them in the computer. When necessary, the trajectory parameters are obtained by reading the files, and the flexible trajectory of the simulated target is generated. The flexible trajectory can also be generated according to the user's mouse on the display control interface, and the simulated target will run according to the line drawn by the mouse.

Claims (5)

1. The utility model provides a flexible orbit target simulator of three-dimensional radar array element level which characterized in that: the target simulator comprises a hardware part and a software part; the hardware part comprises a cabinet, wherein a display screen, a switch, a switcher, a display control computer and a radar signal generating and processing computer are loaded in the cabinet; the display control computer is used for radar interface display control; the radar signal generating and processing computer is used for generating and processing radar echo signals, is internally provided with a Pdie board card and an external interface board card, and has the functions of inputting optical fiber data, outputting optical fibers, digital differential signals and analog signals; the software part comprises a signal generating unit, a signal processing unit, a data processing unit, a display control unit and an external interface unit; the signal generating unit simulates and generates radar array element level echo signals, radar echo signal data are generated according to radar parameters of different models and a real radar echo signal model, target echo signals are simulated according to echo characteristics of different targets, clutters and interferences, and then the radar signal processing unit carries out radar signal processing on the simulated radar echo signals; the data processing unit processes data after signal processing, performs image processing on the fire control windowing, performs target identification on the motion characteristics and spectral characteristics of a target, and sends the processed data to the display control unit for processing; the display control unit is used for man-machine interaction, displaying radar echoes, sending a processing command and generating a flexible target track file; and the external interface unit is used for outputting radar video data to other equipment.
2. The three-coordinate radar array element-level flexible track target simulator of claim 1, wherein: the signal generation unit is used for superposing array element level echo signal data of various real targets, clutter and interference which are collected and processed in advance on radar array element level echo signals generated in a simulation mode, and predicting RCS and motion states of the targets, the clutter and the interference to simulate the intensity and fluctuation of the echo signals.
3. The three-coordinate radar array element-level flexible track target simulator of claim 1, wherein: and the signal processing unit is used for carrying out corresponding signal processing on the radar echo signal according to the selected analog radar model and the control command.
4. The three-coordinate radar array element-level flexible track target simulator of claim 1, wherein: the display control unit selects multiple types of radars to simulate, parameters of various types of radars are written in a program in advance or are obtained by reading files, and parameters can be set on a display control interface according to requirements to perform custom simulation; simulating various targets, and acquiring real echo data of the targets by reading a file; and simulating the motion tracks of various targets, and reading track files or moving according to the motion tracks of the mouse of an operator.
5. The three-coordinate radar array element-level flexible track target simulator of claim 1, wherein: and the data processing unit processes the data after signal processing to generate a target point flight path, performs high-resolution imaging on the fire control windowing data, and identifies according to the target micro Doppler characteristics.
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Cited By (2)

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CN116148788A (en) * 2023-04-20 2023-05-23 成都富元辰科技有限公司 Radar signal simulation method, device, equipment and storage medium
CN116755049A (en) * 2023-08-16 2023-09-15 江西联创精密机电有限公司 Radar target simulation training method, system, equipment and storage medium

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