CN115165699A - Device and method for visually measuring seepage effect of magnetic mortar in rock fracture plugging at multiple angles - Google Patents
Device and method for visually measuring seepage effect of magnetic mortar in rock fracture plugging at multiple angles Download PDFInfo
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- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 41
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011806 microball Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000006247 magnetic powder Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005389 magnetism Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011440 grout Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009991 scouring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007569 slipcasting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
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- G01N15/082—Investigating permeability by forcing a fluid through a sample
- G01N15/0826—Investigating permeability by forcing a fluid through a sample and measuring fluid flow rate, i.e. permeation rate or pressure change
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Abstract
The invention provides a device for visually measuring the seepage effect of magnetic mortar for blocking a rock fracture in multiple angles, wherein a fracture space simulation device for simulating the rock fracture is supported and installed at the top of a fixing device; the fracture space simulation device is connected with a water tank for injecting water through a water injection conduit, and the water tank is connected with a pressurizing device; a camera for monitoring the whole test process is arranged on the side edge of the crack space simulation device; the magnetic mortar is used for plugging the cracks of the crack space simulation device; the device also comprises a miniature grouting head for filling the magnetic mortar into the cracks of the crack space simulation device; the device also comprises a magnetic bar for guiding the magnetic mortar in the grouting process; the ultrasonic flowmeter sensor is arranged behind the magnetic bar and used for measuring the water flow rate after being blocked by the magnetic mortar. The device can visually observe the specific experimental process of the seepage experiment and the movement track of seepage liquid at any moment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of seepage experiments of rock fractures, in particular to a device and a method for visually measuring seepage effects of magnetic mortar on rock fractures in multiple angles.
Background
With the improvement of infrastructure and the gradual saturation of ground space utilization, the development of underground space gradually becomes a non-negligible choice in the development of public transportation in China, but the geological conditions in China are complex, complex hydrogeological conditions such as high ground stress, high head pressure and the like are faced in the construction of tunnel engineering, and serious geological disasters such as water inrush, mud gushing and sand inrush and the like caused by unfavorable geology are also faced, which can cause the damage of construction sites and the damage of construction machinery, and serious safety accidents of casualties and serious economic and property losses.
By 2021, the water-rich tunnel under construction in China is up to 10000 seats, in the existing construction technology, in the aspect of crack seepage control, the anchoring grouting technology is not ideal in the effect of a reverse-inclined anchoring section, a grout stopper is not good in effect on guaranteeing the filling rate of the anchoring section, the phenomena of grout return and leakage are prone to occur in high-pressure grouting, the filling guarantee rate of the anchoring section is further reduced, and the anti-pulling force of an anchoring body cannot be guaranteed. Aiming at the existing restoration process utilizing magnetic guidance, magnetic substances with different strengths are used as induction primers to induce the guided flow of magnetic slurry, the magnetic slurry can enter tiny cracks under the action of a magnetic field, and the magnetic slurry has certain anti-scouring capability when not initially set.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention has outstanding problems of fracture seepage in large-scale engineering construction, particularly underground engineering construction, provides a magnetic guide restoration process aiming at fracture seepage plugging, has the advantages of difficult erosion and loss of slurry, no need of a slurry stop plug and other complex processes for construction of a reverse-inclined anchoring section and fracture water inrush plugging under a water-rich condition, and has strong shearing resistance and difficult segregation of the slurry under a high water head and can plug the high water head fracture. In order to verify whether the plugging effect of the magnetic mortar on rock cracks meets the engineering requirements or not, a device and a method for visually measuring the seepage effect of the magnetic mortar on the plugged rock cracks in multiple angles are specially designed for verification.
In order to achieve the technical characteristics, the invention aims to realize that: a device for visually measuring seepage effect of magnetic mortar in rock fracture plugging at multiple angles comprises a fixing device, wherein a fracture space simulation device for simulating the rock fracture is supported and installed at the top of the fixing device; the fracture space simulation device is connected with a water tank for injecting water through a water injection conduit, and the water tank is connected with a pressurizing device; a camera for monitoring the whole test process is arranged on the side edge of the crack space simulation device;
the magnetic mortar is used for plugging the cracks of the crack space simulation device;
the device also comprises a miniature grouting head for filling the magnetic mortar into the cracks of the crack space simulation device;
the device also comprises a magnetic bar for guiding the magnetic mortar in the grouting process;
the ultrasonic flowmeter sensor is arranged behind the magnetic bar and used for measuring the water flow rate after being blocked by the magnetic mortar.
And the water injection conduit is provided with a Hall water flow sensor for measuring the water inlet speed.
The crack space simulation device comprises a transparent crystal gel template for providing a stable stress surface, a normal stress frame and a stress sensor; through will respecive the transparent quartzy gluey template laminating that the upper and lower surface of crack provided stable stress surface respectively and install together with the normal stress frame that can produce normal pressure, when normal stress frame provided normal stress, the stress effect will evenly distributed to the transparent quartzy gluey template that provides stable stress surface, and normal stress passes through the stress sensor and records.
The pressurizing device comprises an air compressor, the air compressor is communicated with the top of the water tank through an air guide pipe, and a pressure stabilizing valve is arranged on the air guide pipe;
the air compressor compresses air and stably outputs the air at constant pressure;
the pressure stabilizing valve is used for stabilizing the output of constant pressure and adjusting the pressure of the output.
The normal stress frame is fixed by nuts at the joint of the steel bars and the threaded steel, a device simulating a crack space is fixed in a cuboid region surrounded by the steel bars and the threaded steel, and the normal stress can be provided by adjusting the tightness of the nuts, so that the stable normal stress required by the experiment can be provided for the experimental equipment.
The transparent crystal glue template is used for re-engraving cracks in a real environment, in the preparation process, the silica gel is in contact with the surfaces of the cracks in the real environment for rubbing, the crystal glue is used for overturning after the silica gel is formed, and the transparent crystal glue template which provides a stable stress surface is obtained after the crystal glue is solidified.
The magnetic mortar is composed of magnetic powder, epoxy resin, a curing agent, cement, water and emulsified asphalt, and the mixture ratio is as follows: 14:10:8.5:80:24:16.
The miniature grouting head is arranged at a hole reserved at the middle edge of the fracture space simulation device; the micro grouting head is a needle tube-shaped grouting head with the pipe diameter within 4 mm, and the hardness of the grouting head material is high, so that the grouting head can be repeatedly utilized; the grouting head is connected with a grouting guide pipe; the outer side of the grouting head is additionally provided with a tubular channel which can enable the grouting head to move back and forth, the tubular channel and the grouting head are in rolling fit through a micro ball, and meanwhile, the phenomenon of liquid seepage cannot occur when a region where the micro ball is installed is subjected to water pressure in an experiment;
the grouting machine is used for outputting the magnetic mortar at different pressures and constant speed.
The magnetic rods have different diameters and different magnetic force sizes, can provide different magnetic force sizes, can be replaced by electromagnets, and are arranged in the crack space simulation device before experiments;
the fixing device comprises a tripod with an adjustable angle and a platform which are connected through a buckle; and placing the crack space simulation device in a vacant space in the middle of the fixing device through a normal stress frame.
The experimental method of the device for visually measuring the seepage effect of the magnetic mortar blocking rock cracks at multiple angles comprises the following operation steps:
s1: manufacturing a crack plate: contacting and rubbing silica gel with the surface of a crack in a real environment, turning over a mold by using crystal gel after the crack is formed, solidifying the crystal gel to obtain a transparent crystal gel template providing a stable stress surface, re-engraving a plate on each of the upper surface and the lower surface of the crack, forming a hole in the upper part of the transparent crystal gel template for installing an air conduit, and forming a plurality of holes in the side part of the transparent crystal gel template for installing magnetic rods;
s2: installation of the device: connecting all parts of the device, installing a Hall water flow sensor on a liquid injection conduit, installing a strain gauge of a stress sensor in a crack between two plates, adjusting the installation position according to experimental needs, and adjusting the stress of a normal stress frame according to the size of the stress sensor; adjusting the angle of the fixing device to be the same as the crack angle under the natural condition; placing a magnetic bar at the side part of a transparent crystal glue template, installing a miniature grouting head at the gap of the transparent crystal glue template, installing an ultrasonic flowmeter sensor behind the magnetic bar, and positioning a camera in place so that the camera can shoot the whole seepage process;
s3: control of the input water flow: opening a valve of an air compressor, adjusting the pressure stabilizing valve to adjust the air pressure to a desired value, opening a switch at the lower part of the water tank to release compressed air, and then opening the valve of the water tank to enable water flow to be input into the device for simulating the fracture space;
s4: preparing and injecting slurry: preparing magnetic mortar with different proportions, adjusting the extending depth of the micro grouting head, opening a grouting machine after the water flow velocity is stable, adjusting the grouting pressure, and injecting the prepared magnetic mortar into the corresponding crack;
s5: recording of data and experimental variable control: recording normal pressure, flow velocity loss of water flow, magnetic mortar proportion and an angle of a tripod during an experiment, and processing a video in a camera frame by frame to obtain a specific seepage process at a certain position so as to obtain a diffusion area, a movement track of liquid and a plugging effect under the condition that a blockage exists in fracture seepage;
s6: after the previous experiment is completed, the magnetic mortar proportion, the angle of a tripod and the size of a pressure stabilizing valve are changed, a magnetic rod with another specification is also replaced, the extension distance and the grouting pressure of a grouting head are changed by the synergistic action of a plurality of magnetic rods, the normal stress and the experimental angle are adjusted, and the other operations are kept unchanged to perform repeated experiments.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the experimental method and the required experimental device provided by the invention are simpler, the specific experimental process of the seepage experiment and the movement track of seepage liquid at any moment can be visually observed, and the problem that researchers cannot directly know the seepage process at the present stage is effectively solved.
2. The air compressor and the pressure stabilizing valve can realize stable high-water-head liquid output and can be adjusted according to the experimental requirements.
3. The tripod can adjust the angle, can simulate the natural crack inclination of the overwhelming majority, realizes the slip casting experiment under the different inclinations.
4. The Hall water flow sensor and the ultrasonic flowmeter sensor can conveniently and simply measure the head loss, and greatly simplify the judgment of the plugging effect in the experiment.
5. The normal stress between the fractures can be adjusted in real time through the normal stress frame and the stress sensor, and the normal stress of the fractures in a natural state is simulated, so that the result is better in accordance with the engineering practice.
6. Through silica gel and transparent quartzy offset plate mould that turns over, can carry out accurate multiple carving to the rock state under the true situation, improve the authenticity of experiment.
7. By changing the magnetic rods with different specifications and the magnetic mortar with different proportions for testing, the slurry proportion with the best plugging effect, strong shearing resistance and difficult segregation and the magnetic force range of the magnetic rods which can achieve the best crack plugging effect can be determined.
8. The influence rule of the grouting hole distances and the grouting compactness and strength of the magnetic field intensity of the magnetic attraction end on the grouting can be researched by drilling multiple holes at different distances at the crack repairing part.
9. By changing the extension distance of the grouting head and the grouting pressure of the grouting machine, the condition of the seepage effect of the magnetic mortar for blocking the rock cracks under different grouting conditions can be obtained, so that the anchoring distance and the grouting pressure with the optimal grouting compactness are determined.
Drawings
The invention is further illustrated by the following figures and examples.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an overall apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a side schematic view of an integrated device of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the integrated device of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the retractable micro-grouting head of the present invention.
In the figure: the device comprises an air compressor 1, an air conduit 2, a pressure stabilizing valve 3, a Hall water flow sensor 4, a water tank 5, a normal stress frame 6, a stress sensor 7, silica gel 8, a transparent crystal gel template 9, a grouting conduit 10, a device for simulating a crack space 11, a fixing device 12, magnetic mortar 13, a micro grouting head 14, a camera 15, a magnetic rod 16, a micro ball 17, an ultrasonic flowmeter sensor 18, a water injection conduit 19, a grouting head 20 and a grouting machine 21.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1:
referring to fig. 1-4, a device for visually measuring seepage effect of magnetic mortar blocking rock cracks in multiple angles comprises a fixing device 12, wherein a crack space simulation device 11 for simulating rock cracks is supported and installed at the top of the fixing device 12; the fracture space simulation device 11 is connected with a water tank 5 for water injection through a water injection conduit 19, and the water tank 5 is connected with a pressurizing device; a camera 15 for monitoring the whole test process is arranged on the side edge of the crack space simulation device 11; the device also comprises magnetic mortar 13 for plugging the crack of the crack space simulation device 11; the device also comprises a micro grouting head 14 for filling the magnetic mortar 13 into the crack of the crack space simulation device 11; the device also comprises a magnetic bar 16 for guiding the magnetic mortar 13 in the grouting process; an ultrasonic flowmeter sensor 18 is mounted behind the magnetic bar 16 for measuring the water flow rate after being blocked by the magnetic mortar 13. By adopting the device, the specific experimental process of the seepage experiment and the movement track of seepage liquid at any moment can be observed visually, and the problem that researchers cannot directly know the seepage process at the present stage is effectively solved.
Further, a Hall water flow sensor 4 for measuring the water inlet speed is arranged on the water injection conduit 19. The water head loss can be conveniently and simply measured through the Hall water flow sensor and the ultrasonic flowmeter sensor, and the judgment on the plugging effect in the experiment is greatly simplified.
Further, the crack space simulation device 11 comprises a transparent crystal gel template 9 for providing a stable stress surface, a normal stress frame 6 and a stress sensor 7; through the transparent crystal glue template 9 that will respectively the counteretch crack upper and lower surfaces provides stable stress surface and install together with normal stress frame 6 that can produce normal pressure, when normal stress frame 6 provided normal stress, the stress effect will evenly distributed to the transparent crystal glue template 9 that provides stable stress surface, and normal stress is surveyed through stress sensor 7. The fracture space simulation device 11 can be used for simulating rock fractures in a real environment. In the specific working process, the normal stress between the fractures can be adjusted in real time through the normal stress frame and the stress sensor, and the normal stress of the fractures in a natural state is simulated, so that the result is better in accordance with the actual engineering.
Further, the pressurizing device comprises an air compressor 1, the air compressor 1 is communicated with the top of the water tank 5 through an air conduit 2, and a pressure stabilizing valve 3 is installed on the air conduit 2; the air compressor 1 compresses air and stably outputs the air at a constant pressure; the pressure stabilizing valve 3 is used for stabilizing the output pressure and adjusting the output pressure.
Furthermore, the normal stress frame 6 is formed by the shape of the square enclosed by the upper and lower steel bars and 4 long thread steel penetrating through the steel bars to form a stable structure, nuts are added at the joints of the steel bars and the thread steel for fixing, the device 11 for simulating the crack space is fixed in a cuboid area enclosed by the steel bars and the thread steel, the effect of providing normal stress is achieved by adjusting the tightness of the nuts, and then the stable normal stress required by the experiment is provided for the experimental equipment.
Further, the transparent crystal glue template 9 is used for re-engraving cracks in the real environment, in the preparation process, the silica gel 8 is in contact with the surfaces of the cracks in the real environment for rubbing, the crystal glue is used for overturning the mold after the silica gel is formed, and the transparent crystal glue template 9 which provides a stable stress surface is obtained after the crystal glue is solidified. Through silica gel and transparent quartzy offset plate mould that turns over, can carry out accurate multiple carving to the rock state under the true situation, improve the authenticity of experiment.
Furthermore, the magnetic mortar is composed of magnetic powder, epoxy resin, a curing agent, cement, water and emulsified asphalt, and the mixture ratio is as follows: 14:10:8.5:80:24:16.
Further, the micro grouting head 14 is installed at a hole reserved at the middle edge of the fracture space simulation device 11; the micro grouting head 14 is a needle-like grouting head 20 with the pipe diameter within 4 mm, and the hardness of the material of the grouting head 20 is high, so that the grouting head can be repeatedly utilized; the grouting head 20 is connected with the grouting guide pipe 10; the outer side of the grouting head 20 is additionally provided with a tubular channel which can enable the grouting head to move back and forth, the tubular channel and the grouting head are in rolling fit through a micro ball 17, meanwhile, the phenomenon of liquid seepage cannot occur when the area where the micro ball 17 is installed is subjected to water pressure in an experiment, and the grouting guide pipe 10 is connected with a grouting machine 21 filled with magnetic mortar 13; the grouting machine 21 can output the magnetic slurry at a uniform speed at different pressures.
Further, the magnetic rod 16 has different diameters and different magnetic force sizes, can provide different magnetic force sizes, and can also be replaced by an electromagnet, and is installed on the fracture space simulation device 11 before an experiment; by changing the magnetic rods with different specifications and the magnetic mortar with different proportions for testing, the slurry proportion with the best plugging effect, strong shearing resistance and difficult segregation and the magnetic force range of the magnetic rods with the best crack plugging effect can be determined.
Further, the fixing device 12 comprises a tripod with an adjustable angle and a platform, which are connected by a buckle; the crack space simulator 11 is placed in the vacant space in the middle of the fixture 12 through the normal stress frame 6. The angle can be conveniently adjusted by the fixing device 12.
Example 2:
the experimental method of the device for visually measuring the seepage effect of the magnetic mortar in the rock fracture at multiple angles comprises the following operation steps:
s1: manufacturing a crack plate: the method comprises the following steps of (1) contacting and rubbing silica gel with the surface of a crack in a real environment, turning over a mold by using crystal gel after the silica gel is formed, solidifying the crystal gel to obtain a transparent crystal gel template 9 providing a stable stress surface, re-etching a plate on each of the upper surface and the lower surface of the crack, forming a hole in the upper part of the transparent crystal gel template 9 for installing an air duct, and forming a plurality of holes in the side part of the transparent crystal gel template 9 for installing a magnetic rod 16;
s2: installation of the device: connecting all parts of the device, installing the Hall water flow sensor 4 on the liquid injection conduit 19, installing a strain gage of the stress sensor 7 in a crack between the two plates, adjusting the installation position according to the experimental requirement, and adjusting the stress of the normal stress frame 6 according to the size of the stress sensor; adjusting the angle of the fixing device to be the same as the crack angle under the natural condition; placing a magnetic bar at the side part of the transparent crystal glue template 9, installing a micro grouting head 14 at the gap of the transparent crystal glue template 9, installing an ultrasonic flowmeter sensor behind the magnetic bar, and positioning a camera 15 in place so that the camera can shoot the whole seepage process;
s3: control of the input water flow: opening a valve of the air compressor 1, adjusting the pressure stabilizing valve 3 to adjust the air pressure to a desired value, opening a switch at the lower part of the water tank 5 to release compressed air, and then opening the valve of the water tank to enable water flow to be input into a device for simulating a crack space;
s4: preparing and injecting slurry: preparing magnetic mortar with different proportions, adjusting the extending depth of the micro grouting head, opening a grouting machine after the water flow velocity is stable, adjusting the grouting pressure, and injecting the prepared magnetic mortar into the corresponding crack;
s5: recording of data and experimental variable control: recording normal pressure, flow velocity loss of water flow, magnetic mortar proportion and an angle of a tripod during an experiment, and processing a video in a camera frame by frame to obtain a specific seepage process at a certain position so as to obtain a diffusion area, a movement track of liquid and a plugging effect under the condition that a blockage exists in fracture seepage;
s6: after the previous experiment is completed, the magnetic mortar proportion, the angle of a tripod and the size of a pressure stabilizing valve are changed, a magnetic rod with another specification is also replaced, the extension distance and the grouting speed of a grouting head are changed by the synergistic action of a plurality of magnetic rods, the normal stress and the experimental angle are adjusted, and the other operations are kept unchanged to carry out repeated experiments.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a device of visual measurement magnetism mortar shutoff rock crack seepage flow effect of multi-angle which characterized in that: the device comprises a fixing device (12), wherein a fracture space simulation device (11) for simulating rock fractures is supported and installed at the top of the fixing device (12); the fracture space simulation device (11) is connected with a water tank (5) for water injection through a water injection conduit (19), and the water tank (5) is connected with a pressurizing device; a camera (15) for monitoring the whole test process is arranged on the side edge of the crack space simulation device (11);
the device also comprises magnetic mortar (13) for plugging the cracks of the crack space simulation device (11);
the device also comprises a micro grouting head (14) for filling the magnetic mortar (13) into the crack of the crack space simulation device (11);
the device also comprises a magnetic bar (16) used for guiding the magnetic mortar (13) in the grouting process;
the ultrasonic flowmeter sensor (18) is arranged behind the magnetic rod (16) and used for measuring the water flow rate after being blocked by the magnetic mortar (13).
2. The device for visually measuring the seepage effect of the magnetic mortar plugging rock cracks at multiple angles according to claim 1, characterized in that: and a Hall water flow sensor (4) for measuring the water inlet speed is arranged on the water injection conduit (19).
3. The device for visually measuring the seepage effect of the magnetic mortar plugging rock cracks at multiple angles according to claim 1, characterized in that: the crack space simulation device (11) comprises a transparent crystal glue template (9) for providing a stable stress surface, a normal stress frame (6) and a stress sensor (7); through will respecive crack upper and lower surface respectively and provide transparent crystal glue template (9) of stable stress surface and install together with normal stress frame (6) that can produce normal pressure, when normal stress frame (6) provided normal stress, the stress effect will evenly distributed on providing transparent crystal glue template (9) of stable stress surface, and normal stress measures through stress sensor (7).
4. The device for visually measuring the seepage effect of the magnetic mortar plugging rock cracks at multiple angles according to claim 1, characterized in that: the pressurizing device comprises an air compressor (1), the air compressor (1) is communicated with the top of the water tank (5) through an air conduit (2), and a pressure stabilizing valve (3) is installed on the air conduit (2);
the air compressor (1) compresses air and stably outputs the air at a constant pressure;
the pressure stabilizing valve (3) is used for stabilizing the output of constant pressure and adjusting the output pressure.
5. The device for visually measuring the seepage effect of the magnetic mortar plugging rock cracks at multiple angles according to claim 3, characterized in that: the normal stress frame (6) is formed by penetrating through steel bars by the shape of an opening shape surrounded by an upper steel bar and a lower steel bar and 4 long thread steels to form a stable structure, nuts are added at the joints of the steel bars and the thread steels for fixing, a device (11) simulating a crack space is fixed in a cuboid area surrounded by the steel bars and the thread steels, the effect of providing normal stress is achieved by adjusting the tightness of the nuts, and then stable normal stress required by an experiment is provided for experimental equipment.
6. The device for visually measuring the seepage effect of the magnetic mortar plugging rock cracks at multiple angles according to claim 3, characterized in that: the transparent crystal glue template (9) is used for re-engraving cracks in a real environment, in the preparation process, the silica gel (8) is in contact with the surfaces of the cracks in the real environment for rubbing, the crystal glue is used for overturning the mold after the silica gel is formed, and the transparent crystal glue template (9) which provides a stable stress surface is obtained after the crystal glue is solidified.
7. The device for visually measuring the seepage effect of the magnetic mortar plugging rock cracks at multiple angles according to claim 1, characterized in that: the magnetic mortar (13) is composed of magnetic powder, epoxy resin, a curing agent, cement, water and emulsified asphalt, and the mixture ratio is as follows: 14:10:8.5:80:24:16.
8. The device for visually measuring the seepage effect of the magnetic mortar plugging rock cracks at multiple angles according to claim 1, characterized in that: the miniature grouting head (14) is arranged at a hole reserved at the middle edge of the fracture space simulation device (11); the micro grouting head (14) is a needle-tube-shaped grouting head (20) with the pipe diameter within 4 mm, and the hardness of the material of the grouting head (20) is high, so that the grouting head can be repeatedly utilized; the grouting head (20) is connected with the grouting guide pipe (10); a tubular channel which can enable the grouting head to move back and forth is additionally arranged on the outer side of the grouting head (20), the tubular channel and the grouting head are in rolling fit through a micro ball (17), meanwhile, the phenomenon of liquid seepage cannot occur when the area where the micro ball (17) is arranged is subjected to water pressure in an experiment, and a grouting guide pipe (10) is connected with a grouting machine (21) filled with magnetic mortar (13);
the grouting machine (21) is used for outputting the magnetic mortar (13) at a constant speed at different pressures.
9. The device for visually measuring the seepage effect of the magnetic mortar plugging rock cracks at multiple angles according to claim 1, characterized in that: the magnetic rod (16) has specifications of different diameters and different magnetic forces, can provide different magnetic forces, can also be replaced by an electromagnet, and is arranged on the fracture space simulation device (11) before an experiment;
the fixing device (12) comprises a tripod with an adjustable angle and a platform which are connected through a buckle; and placing the fracture space simulation device (11) in a vacant space in the middle of the fixing device (12) through the normal stress frame (6).
10. An experimental method of the device for visually measuring seepage effects of magnetic mortar blocking rock cracks at multiple angles as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising the following operation steps:
s1: manufacturing a crack plate: the method comprises the following steps of (1) enabling silica gel to be in contact with the surface of a crack in a real environment for rubbing, turning over a mold by using crystal gel after the silica gel is formed, solidifying the crystal gel to obtain a transparent crystal gel template (9) for providing a stable stress surface, re-etching a plate on each of the upper surface and the lower surface of the crack, forming a hole in the upper part of the transparent crystal gel template (9) for installing an air conduit, and forming a plurality of holes in the side part of the transparent crystal gel template (9) for installing a magnetic rod (16);
s2: installation of the device: connecting all parts of the device, installing the Hall water flow sensor (4) on the liquid injection conduit (19), installing a strain gauge of the stress sensor (7) in a crack between two plates, adjusting the installation position according to the experimental requirement, and adjusting the stress of the normal stress frame (6) according to the size of the stress sensor; adjusting the angle of the fixing device to be the same as the crack angle under the natural condition; a magnetic bar is placed on the side of a transparent crystal glue template (9), a micro grouting head (14) is installed at the gap of the transparent crystal glue template (9), an ultrasonic flowmeter sensor is installed behind the magnetic bar, and a camera (15) is in place, so that the camera can shoot the whole seepage process;
s3: control of the input water flow: opening a valve of the air compressor (1), adjusting the air pressure to a desired value by adjusting the pressure stabilizing valve (3), opening a switch at the lower part of the water tank (5), releasing compressed air, and then opening a valve of the water tank to enable water flow to be input into the device for simulating the fracture space;
s4: preparing and injecting slurry: preparing magnetic mortar with different proportions, adjusting the extending depth of the micro grouting head, opening a grouting machine after the water flow velocity is stable, adjusting the grouting pressure, and injecting the prepared magnetic mortar into the corresponding crack;
s5: recording of data and experimental variable control: recording normal pressure, flow velocity loss of water flow, magnetic mortar proportion and an angle of a tripod during an experiment, and processing a video in a camera frame by frame to obtain a specific seepage process at a certain position so as to obtain a diffusion area, a movement track of liquid and a plugging effect under the condition that a blockage exists in fracture seepage;
s6: after the previous experiment is completed, the magnetic mortar proportion, the angle of a tripod and the size of a pressure stabilizing valve are changed, a magnetic rod with another specification is also replaced, the extension distance and the grouting pressure of a grouting head are changed by the synergistic action of a plurality of magnetic rods, the normal stress and the experimental angle are adjusted, and the other operations are kept unchanged to perform repeated experiments.
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