CN115015251B - Visual three-dimensional crack grouting experiment system and method under multiple acting forces - Google Patents
Visual three-dimensional crack grouting experiment system and method under multiple acting forces Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种多作用力下的可视化三维裂隙注浆实验系统及方法，涉及地下工程技术领域，电液伺服加载试验机用于搭载裂隙岩体模型，并向搭载裂隙岩体模型施加预设载荷以模拟实际裂隙岩体处的初始地应力；裂隙岩体模型透明状模型；注水模块用于向裂隙岩体模型注水以模拟实际裂隙岩体处的地下水压力；数据采集模块用于采集注水注浆后裂隙岩体模型表面的图像，确定裂隙岩体模型裂隙内的浆液扩散路径，以及裂隙岩体模型内部的应变场数据。能够可视化地模拟地应力和水压力共同作用下的裂隙岩体的注浆加固过程，为裂隙岩体注浆加固技术提供了理论基础。
The invention provides a visual three-dimensional crack grouting experimental system and method under multiple forces, and relates to the technical field of underground engineering. The electro-hydraulic servo loading testing machine is used to carry a cracked rock mass model and apply predetermined pressure to the loaded cracked rock mass model. The load is set to simulate the initial in-situ stress at the actual fractured rock mass; the fractured rock mass model is a transparent model; the water injection module is used to inject water into the fractured rock mass model to simulate the groundwater pressure at the actual fractured rock mass; the data acquisition module is used to collect water injection The image of the surface of the fractured rock mass model after grouting is used to determine the grout diffusion path within the cracks of the fractured rock mass model, as well as the strain field data inside the fractured rock mass model. It can visually simulate the grouting reinforcement process of fractured rock mass under the combined action of ground stress and water pressure, providing a theoretical basis for the grouting reinforcement technology of fractured rock mass.
Description
技术领域Technical field
本发明涉及地下工程技术领域，特别是涉及一种多作用力下的可视化三维裂隙注浆实验系统及方法。The invention relates to the technical field of underground engineering, and in particular to a visual three-dimensional crack grouting experimental system and method under multiple forces.
背景技术Background technique
裂隙岩体注浆加固技术在填充修复岩体裂隙以及治理隧洞突水、矿山突水和坝基渗漏等工程中应用广泛，浆液在封堵裂隙的同时加固周围岩体，增强岩体的整体稳定性。浆液在裂隙内的流动具有不可见性，增加了浆液扩散规律和封堵机理研究难度，目前浆液扩散规律和封堵机理仍不清晰，理论研究滞后于工程实践。地下工程岩体受到构造应力以及地下水等多种作用力共同影响，裂隙岩体的浆液扩散路径更为复杂。Fractured rock mass grouting reinforcement technology is widely used in filling and repairing rock mass fissures and controlling tunnel water inrush, mine water inrush and dam foundation leakage. The grout seals the cracks while reinforcing the surrounding rock mass and enhancing the overall stability of the rock mass. sex. The flow of slurry in cracks is invisible, which makes it more difficult to study the slurry diffusion law and blocking mechanism. At present, the slurry diffusion law and blocking mechanism are still unclear, and theoretical research lags behind engineering practice. Underground engineering rock mass is jointly affected by various forces such as tectonic stress and groundwater, and the slurry diffusion path of fractured rock mass is more complex.
申请号为201910331147.1的专利公开了一种定向钻孔注浆浆液扩散的模拟试验方法，通过在实验台本体上磁力吸附分支孔裂隙模具，通过设置旋转轴实现分支孔不同裂隙类型的模拟。属于二维模型注浆实验，且没有考虑地应力的影响，与实际工程差距较大。申请号为202110170699.6的专利公开了一种渗流场下的三维注浆模拟试验系统及试验方法，以地下动水环境为基础，将土体材料填充到介质容器中进行注浆实验。虽然依托了实际工程土体介质，但在注浆过程中无法观察其内部浆液扩散路径与胶结过程。The patent application number 201910331147.1 discloses a simulation test method for directional drilling grouting slurry diffusion. By magnetically adsorbing the branch hole crack mold on the test bench body, and setting the rotation axis, the simulation of different crack types in the branch hole is realized. It is a two-dimensional model grouting experiment and does not consider the influence of in-situ stress, which is quite different from the actual project. The patent application number 202110170699.6 discloses a three-dimensional grouting simulation test system and test method under a seepage field. Based on the underground dynamic water environment, soil materials are filled into a medium container for grouting experiments. Although it relies on actual engineering soil media, its internal grout diffusion path and cementation process cannot be observed during the grouting process.
除上述发明例外，当前室内岩体注浆实验目的主要分为两类：Except for the above-mentioned inventions, the current purposes of indoor rock mass grouting experiments are mainly divided into two categories:
(1)裂隙动水注浆模型实验。研究动水作用下，裂隙倾角、注浆速率、注浆压力、浆液密度等不同参数条件下的浆液扩散形态和浆液沉积胶结状态，得到浆液沉积留核扩散规律，确定浆液快速析水沉积原理，实现裂隙岩体中浆液扩散和封堵效果的定量评价。这种方法侧重于观察浆液扩散形态，分析浆液扩散规律，但其没有考虑地应力的影响，得到的浆液扩散形态与实际工程存在偏差，且上述实验多是针对单个平面裂隙开展，实验主体多为二维平面模型，与工程岩体的三维裂隙情况相差甚远。(1) Fissure dynamic water grouting model experiment. Study the slurry diffusion morphology and slurry deposition and cementation state under different parameters such as fracture inclination angle, grouting rate, grouting pressure, slurry density, etc. under the action of moving water, obtain the slurry deposition core diffusion law, and determine the principle of slurry rapid water separation and deposition. Realize quantitative evaluation of slurry diffusion and sealing effect in fractured rock mass. This method focuses on observing the slurry diffusion morphology and analyzing the slurry diffusion rules. However, it does not consider the influence of in-situ stress. The obtained slurry diffusion morphology deviates from the actual project. Moreover, the above-mentioned experiments are mostly carried out for a single plane crack, and the experimental subjects are mostly The two-dimensional plane model is far different from the three-dimensional crack situation of engineering rock mass.
(2)破碎岩体注浆加固实验。主要研究对象为不同颗粒级配的岩石颗粒注浆形成的加固体，或者采用工程直接取样的裂隙岩体，通过不同的注浆材料加固破碎岩体，试样养护完成后进行单轴和常规三轴实验，获得试样的物理力学参数，定量评价注浆加固效果。该方法侧重于加固体的力学性质分析，不能直观展现浆液在裂隙中的扩散形态和封堵过程，此外，该方法注浆过程没有考虑初始地应力和水压力的影响，难以应用于不同地应力和不同水压力作用下裂隙岩体的注浆加固效果研究。(2) Grouting reinforcement experiment of broken rock mass. The main research object is the reinforcement formed by grouting rock particles with different particle gradations, or the fractured rock mass directly sampled by engineering, and the broken rock mass is reinforced with different grouting materials. After the sample maintenance is completed, uniaxial and conventional three-dimensional Axial experiments were conducted to obtain the physical and mechanical parameters of the specimens and quantitatively evaluate the grouting reinforcement effect. This method focuses on the analysis of the mechanical properties of the reinforced solid and cannot intuitively display the diffusion form and sealing process of slurry in the cracks. In addition, this method does not consider the influence of initial geostress and water pressure during the grouting process, making it difficult to apply to different geostresses. And research on the grouting reinforcement effect of fractured rock mass under different water pressures.
因此，亟需一种裂隙注浆实验技术，能够可视化地模拟不同地应力和不同水压力作用下裂隙岩体的注浆加固过程。Therefore, there is an urgent need for a fracture grouting experimental technology that can visually simulate the grouting reinforcement process of fractured rock mass under the action of different ground stresses and different water pressures.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的是提供一种多作用力下的可视化三维裂隙注浆实验系统及方法，能够可视化地模拟地应力和水压力共同作用下的裂隙岩体的注浆加固过程，为裂隙岩体注浆加固技术提供了理论基础。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a visual three-dimensional fracture grouting experimental system and method under multiple forces, which can visually simulate the grouting reinforcement process of fractured rock mass under the joint action of ground stress and water pressure, and provide injection molding for fractured rock mass. The slurry reinforcement technology provides a theoretical basis.
为实现上述目的，本发明提供了如下方案：In order to achieve the above objects, the present invention provides the following solutions:
一种多作用力下的可视化三维裂隙注浆实验系统，包括：A visual three-dimensional crack grouting experimental system under multiple forces, including:
电液伺服加载试验机、注水模块、注浆模块、数据采集模块和控制模块；Electro-hydraulic servo loading testing machine, water injection module, grouting module, data acquisition module and control module;
所述电液伺服加载试验机、所述注水模块、所述注浆模块和所述数据采集模块均与所述控制模块连接；The electro-hydraulic servo loading testing machine, the water injection module, the grouting module and the data acquisition module are all connected to the control module;
所述电液伺服加载试验机用于搭载裂隙岩体模型，并向所述搭载裂隙岩体模型施加预设载荷以模拟实际裂隙岩体处的初始地应力；所述裂隙岩体模型是依据实际裂隙岩体的裂隙参数确定的透明状模型；所述透明状模型是利用冷冻后的光敏树脂材料进行3D打印后得到的；所述裂隙岩体模型上设置有注浆孔和注水孔；The electro-hydraulic servo loading testing machine is used to carry a fractured rock mass model, and apply a preset load to the mounted fractured rock mass model to simulate the initial in-situ stress at the actual fractured rock mass; the fractured rock mass model is based on actual A transparent model with determined fracture parameters of the fractured rock mass; the transparent model is obtained by 3D printing using frozen photosensitive resin material; the fractured rock mass model is provided with grouting holes and water injection holes;
所述注水模块与所述注水孔连接；所述注水模块用于向裂隙岩体模型注水以模拟实际裂隙岩体处的地下水压力；The water injection module is connected to the water injection hole; the water injection module is used to inject water into the fractured rock mass model to simulate the groundwater pressure at the actual fractured rock mass;
所述注浆模块与所述注浆孔连接；The grouting module is connected to the grouting hole;
所述数据采集模块用于采集注水注浆后裂隙岩体模型表面的图像和声发射数据；The data acquisition module is used to collect images and acoustic emission data on the surface of the fractured rock mass model after water injection and grouting;
所述控制模块用于根据注水注浆后裂隙岩体模型表面的图像，确定裂隙岩体模型裂隙内的浆液扩散路径和裂隙岩体模型内部的应变场数据；根据所述声发射信号确定裂隙岩体模型内部的微裂纹位置及扩展情况。The control module is used to determine the slurry diffusion path in the cracks of the fractured rock mass model and the strain field data inside the fractured rock mass model based on the image of the surface of the fractured rock mass model after water injection and grouting; determine the fractured rock mass based on the acoustic emission signal. The location and expansion of microcracks inside the body model.
可选的，所述裂隙岩体模型为正方形饼状结构；Optionally, the fractured rock mass model is a square pie-shaped structure;
所述裂隙岩体模型垂直于所述电液伺服加载试验机的搭载台设置；所述注水孔设置于所述裂隙岩体模型的下侧面；所述注水孔与所述裂隙岩体模型内的注水通道连接；所述注水孔与搭载台上的通孔重合；所述注水模块通过所述通孔在所述注水孔处与所述裂隙岩体模型内的注水通道连接；The fissure rock mass model is arranged perpendicularly to the mounting platform of the electro-hydraulic servo loading testing machine; the water injection hole is arranged on the lower side of the fissure rock mass model; the water injection hole is connected with the inside of the fissure rock mass model. The water injection channel is connected; the water injection hole coincides with the through hole on the mounting platform; the water injection module is connected to the water injection channel in the fractured rock mass model through the through hole at the water injection hole;
所述注浆孔设置于裂隙岩体模型的一个正方形平面上；所述裂隙岩体模型上未设置有注浆孔的正方形平面上设置有光测散斑。The grouting holes are arranged on a square plane of the fissure rock mass model; the square plane without grouting holes on the fissure rock mass model is provided with photometric speckles.
可选的，所述数据采集模块包括：Optionally, the data collection module includes:
第一高速摄像机、第二高速摄像机和声发射监测装置；The first high-speed camera, the second high-speed camera and the acoustic emission monitoring device;
所述第一高速摄像机和所述第二高速摄像机均与所述控制模块连接；The first high-speed camera and the second high-speed camera are both connected to the control module;
所述第一高速摄像机设置于裂隙岩体模型设置有注浆孔的正方形平面处，所述第一高速摄像机用于采集浆液扩散路径图像；The first high-speed camera is installed on a square plane with grouting holes in the fractured rock mass model, and the first high-speed camera is used to collect images of the grout diffusion path;
所述第二高速摄像机设置于裂隙岩体模型设置有光测散斑的正方形平面处，所述第二高速摄像机用于采集裂隙岩体模型内部的应变场数据；The second high-speed camera is installed at a square plane with photometric speckles in the fractured rock mass model, and the second high-speed camera is used to collect strain field data inside the fractured rock mass model;
所述声发射监测装置用于采集裂隙岩体模型处的声发射信号。The acoustic emission monitoring device is used to collect acoustic emission signals at the fractured rock mass model.
可选的，所述系统还包括3D打印机。Optionally, the system also includes a 3D printer.
可选的，所述3D打印机的型号为Stratasys F7703D。Optionally, the model of the 3D printer is Stratasys F7703D.
可选的，所述注浆模块包括：Optionally, the grouting module includes:
注浆机、浆液储存罐、压力检测装置和设置有自动搅拌装置的压力桶；Grouting machine, slurry storage tank, pressure detection device and pressure barrel equipped with automatic stirring device;
所述自动搅拌装置与所述控制模块连接；所述压力桶与所述浆液储存罐连接；所述压力桶用于制备浆液；The automatic stirring device is connected to the control module; the pressure barrel is connected to the slurry storage tank; the pressure barrel is used to prepare slurry;
所述浆液储存罐通过注浆机的注浆管与所述注浆孔连接；The slurry storage tank is connected to the grouting hole through the grouting pipe of the grouting machine;
所述压力检测装置设置于所述注浆管处；所述压力检测装置与所述控制模块连接；所述压力检测装置用于检测所述注浆管处的压力；The pressure detection device is arranged at the grouting pipe; the pressure detection device is connected to the control module; the pressure detection device is used to detect the pressure at the grouting pipe;
所述控制模块还与所述注浆机电连接；所述控制模块用于在所述注浆管处的压力大于压力阈值时，控制所述注浆机通过所述注浆孔向所述裂隙岩体模型内注浆。The control module is also electrically connected to the grouting machine; the control module is used to control the grouting machine to pump water into the fractured rock through the grouting hole when the pressure at the grouting pipe is greater than the pressure threshold. Grouting inside the body model.
可选的，所述注水模块与所述注水孔之间通过环氧树脂AB胶密封；Optionally, the water injection module and the water injection hole are sealed by epoxy resin AB glue;
所述注浆模块与所述注浆孔之间通过环氧树脂AB胶密封。The grouting module and the grouting hole are sealed by epoxy resin AB glue.
一种多作用力下的可视化三维裂隙注浆实验方法，所述方法应用于上述的一种多作用力下的可视化三维裂隙注浆实验系统，所述方法包括：A visual three-dimensional crack grouting experimental method under multiple forces. The method is applied to the above-mentioned visual three-dimensional crack grouting experimental system under multiple forces. The method includes:
根据实际裂隙岩体的裂隙参数，构建裂隙岩体模型；所述裂隙岩体模型是利用冷冻后的光敏树脂材料进行3D打印后得到的透明状模型；A fractured rock mass model is constructed based on the fracture parameters of the actual fractured rock mass; the fractured rock mass model is a transparent model obtained by 3D printing using frozen photosensitive resin material;
向所述搭载裂隙岩体模型施加预设载荷以模拟实际裂隙岩体处的初始地应力；Applying a preset load to the fractured rock mass model to simulate the initial in-situ stress at the actual fractured rock mass;
向裂隙岩体模型注水以模拟实际裂隙岩体处的地下水压力；Inject water into the fractured rock mass model to simulate the groundwater pressure at the actual fractured rock mass;
向裂隙岩体模型注浆；Inject grouting into the fractured rock mass model;
采集注水注浆后裂隙岩体模型表面的图像和声发射信号；所述图像用于描述裂隙岩体模型裂隙内的浆液扩散路径，以及裂隙岩体模型内部的应变场数据；所述声发射信号用于确定裂隙岩体模型内部的微裂纹位置及扩展情况。Collect images and acoustic emission signals on the surface of the fractured rock mass model after water injection and grouting; the images are used to describe the slurry diffusion path in the cracks of the fractured rock mass model, and the strain field data inside the fractured rock mass model; the acoustic emission signal Used to determine the location and expansion of microcracks inside the fractured rock mass model.
可选的，在所述采集注水注浆后裂隙岩体模型表面的图像之后，还包括：Optionally, after collecting the image of the surface of the fractured rock mass model after water injection and grouting, it also includes:
调整注浆参数并返回步骤“根据实际裂隙岩体的裂隙参数，构建裂隙岩体模型”；所述注浆参数浆液密度、浆液配比、注浆速率和注浆压力。Adjust the grouting parameters and return to the step "Construct a fractured rock mass model based on the actual fracture parameters of the fractured rock mass"; the grouting parameters are grout density, grout ratio, grouting rate and grouting pressure.
可选的，在所述采集注水注浆后裂隙岩体模型表面的图像之后，还包括：Optionally, after collecting the image of the surface of the fractured rock mass model after water injection and grouting, it also includes:
调整裂隙参数并返回步骤“根据实际裂隙岩体的裂隙参数，构建裂隙岩体模型”；所述裂隙参数包括裂隙倾角、裂隙开度、裂隙面粗糙度和裂隙空间分布。Adjust the fracture parameters and return to the step "Construct a fractured rock mass model based on the fracture parameters of the actual fractured rock mass"; the fracture parameters include fracture inclination angle, fracture aperture, fracture surface roughness and fracture spatial distribution.
根据本发明提供的具体实施例，本发明公开了以下技术效果：According to the specific embodiments provided by the present invention, the present invention discloses the following technical effects:
本发明提供了一种多作用力下的可视化三维裂隙注浆实验系统及方法，通过依据实际裂隙岩体的裂隙参数，利用冷冻后的光敏树脂材料进行3D打印后得到，透明状裂隙岩体模型实现三维裂隙注浆实验可视化，通过设置电液伺服加载试验机模拟实际裂隙岩体处的初始地应力；通过设置注水模块模拟实际裂隙岩体处的地下水压力；能够可视化地模拟地应力和水压力共同作用下的裂隙岩体的注浆加固过程，为裂隙岩体注浆加固技术提供了理论基础。The present invention provides a visual three-dimensional fracture grouting experimental system and method under multiple forces. By using the frozen photosensitive resin material for 3D printing based on the fracture parameters of the actual fractured rock mass, a transparent fractured rock mass model is obtained. Realize the visualization of three-dimensional fracture grouting experiments, simulate the initial in-situ stress at the actual fractured rock mass by setting up the electro-hydraulic servo loading testing machine; simulate the groundwater pressure at the actual fractured rock mass by setting up the water injection module; be able to visually simulate the in-situ stress and water pressure The grouting reinforcement process of fractured rock mass under the joint action provides a theoretical basis for the grouting reinforcement technology of fractured rock mass.
附图说明Description of the drawings
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。In order to explain the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art more clearly, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some of the drawings of the present invention. Embodiments, for those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without exerting creative efforts.
图1为本发明实施例1中裂隙岩体模型主视图；Figure 1 is a front view of the fractured rock mass model in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;
图2为本发明实施例1中裂隙岩体模型侧视图；Figure 2 is a side view of the fractured rock mass model in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;
图3为本发明实施例1中裂隙岩体模型试验过程正视图；Figure 3 is a front view of the test process of the fractured rock mass model in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;
图4为本发明实施例1中裂隙岩体模型试验过程后视图；Figure 4 is a rear view of the test process of the fractured rock mass model in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;
图5为本发明实施例1中裂隙岩体模型三维立体图；Figure 5 is a three-dimensional view of the fractured rock mass model in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;
图6为本发明实施例2中裂隙岩体模型成组交叉裂隙试样示意图；Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of a group of cross-fissure samples in the fractured rock mass model in Example 2 of the present invention;
图7为本发明实施例2中裂隙岩体模型随机裂隙试样示意图；Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of a random fracture sample of the fractured rock mass model in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;
图8为本发明实施例3中可视化三维裂隙注浆实验系统结构示意图。Figure 8 is a schematic structural diagram of the visualized three-dimensional crack grouting experimental system in Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
附图说明：1-注浆孔，2-注水孔，3-裂隙面出水口，4-裂隙出浆口，5-电液伺服加载试验机，6-注浆模块，7-注水模块，8-光测散斑；9-声发射探头，10-声发射监测装置。Description of the drawings: 1-grouting hole, 2-water injection hole, 3-crack surface water outlet, 4-crack grout outlet, 5-electro-hydraulic servo loading testing machine, 6-grouting module, 7-water injection module, 8 - Optical speckle measurement; 9 - Acoustic emission probe, 10 - Acoustic emission monitoring device.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.
本发明的目的是提供一种多作用力下的可视化三维裂隙注浆实验系统及方法，能够可视化地模拟地应力和水压力共同作用下的裂隙岩体的注浆加固过程，为裂隙岩体注浆加固技术提供了理论基础。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a visual three-dimensional fracture grouting experimental system and method under multiple forces, which can visually simulate the grouting reinforcement process of fractured rock mass under the joint action of ground stress and water pressure, and provide injection molding for fractured rock mass. The slurry reinforcement technology provides a theoretical basis.
为使本发明的上述目的、特征和优点能够更加明显易懂，下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明作进一步详细的说明。In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
实施例1Example 1
本实施例提供了一种多作用力下的可视化三维裂隙注浆实验系统，包括：电液伺服加载试验机5(型号为：WAW-2000D)、注水模块7、注浆模块6、数据采集模块和控制模块；电液伺服加载试验机5、注水模块7、注浆模块6和数据采集模块(包括声发射探头9和声发射监测装置10)均与控制模块连接；电液伺服加载试验机5用于搭载裂隙岩体模型，并向搭载裂隙岩体模型施加预设载荷以模拟实际裂隙岩体处的初始地应力；裂隙岩体模型如图1-图5所示，裂隙岩体模型是依据实际裂隙岩体的裂隙参数确定的透明状模型；透明状模型是利用冷冻后的光敏树脂材料进行3D打印后得到的；裂隙岩体模型上设置有注浆孔1和注水孔2；注水模块7与注水孔2连接；注水模块7用于向裂隙岩体模型注水以模拟实际裂隙岩体处的地下水压力；注浆模块6与注浆孔1连接；注水模块7与注水孔2之间通过环氧树脂AB胶密封；注浆模块6与注浆孔1之间通过环氧树脂AB胶密封。数据采集模块用于采集注水注浆后裂隙岩体模型表面的图像和声发射数据；控制模块用于根据注水注浆后裂隙岩体模型表面的图像，确定裂隙岩体模型裂隙内的浆液扩散路径和裂隙岩体模型内部的应变场数据；根据所述声发射信号确定裂隙岩体模型内部的微裂纹位置及扩展情况。具体的，注水注浆后裂隙岩体模型表面的图像包括第一图像和第二图像；第一图像为注水注浆后裂隙岩体模型设置有注浆孔一面的表面图像；第二图像为注水注浆后裂隙岩体模型未设置有注浆孔一面的表面图像；控制模块用于根据第一图像确定裂隙岩体模型裂隙内的浆液扩散路径；控制模块用于根据第二图像确裂隙岩体模型内部的应变场数据。This embodiment provides a visual three-dimensional crack grouting experimental system under multiple forces, including: electro-hydraulic servo loading testing machine 5 (model: WAW-2000D), water injection module 7, grouting module 6, and data acquisition module and control module; the electro-hydraulic servo loading testing machine 5, the water injection module 7, the grouting module 6 and the data acquisition module (including the acoustic emission probe 9 and the acoustic emission monitoring device 10) are all connected to the control module; the electro-hydraulic servo loading testing machine 5 It is used to carry the fractured rock mass model and apply preset loads to the fractured rock mass model to simulate the initial in-situ stress at the actual fractured rock mass. The fractured rock mass model is shown in Figures 1 to 5. The fractured rock mass model is based on A transparent model determined by the crack parameters of the actual fractured rock mass; the transparent model is obtained by 3D printing using frozen photosensitive resin material; the fractured rock mass model is equipped with grouting hole 1 and water injection hole 2; water injection module 7 Connected to the water injection hole 2; the water injection module 7 is used to inject water into the fractured rock mass model to simulate the groundwater pressure at the actual fractured rock mass; the grouting module 6 is connected to the grouting hole 1; the water injection module 7 and the water injection hole 2 are connected by a ring Oxy resin AB glue sealing; the grouting module 6 and the grouting hole 1 are sealed by epoxy resin AB glue. The data acquisition module is used to collect images and acoustic emission data of the surface of the fractured rock mass model after water injection and grouting; the control module is used to determine the slurry diffusion path in the cracks of the fractured rock mass model based on the image of the surface of the fractured rock mass model after water injection and grouting. and strain field data inside the fractured rock mass model; determine the location and expansion of microcracks inside the fractured rock mass model based on the acoustic emission signal. Specifically, the image of the surface of the fractured rock mass model after water injection and grouting includes a first image and a second image; the first image is a surface image of the side of the fractured rock mass model with grouting holes after water injection and grouting; the second image is the water injection The surface image of the side of the fractured rock mass model without grouting holes after grouting; the control module is used to determine the grout diffusion path in the cracks of the fractured rock mass model based on the first image; the control module is used to determine the fractured rock mass model based on the second image Strain field data inside the model.
其中，裂隙岩体模型为正方形饼状结构；裂隙岩体模型垂直于电液伺服加载试验机5的搭载台设置；注水孔2设置于裂隙岩体模型的下侧面；注水孔2与裂隙岩体模型内的注水通道连接；注水孔2与搭载台上的通孔重合；注水模块7通过通孔在注水孔2处与裂隙岩体模型内的注水通道连接；注浆孔1设置于裂隙岩体模型的一个正方形平面上；裂隙岩体模型上未设置有注浆孔1的正方形平面上设置有光测散斑8。此外，裂隙岩体模型上还设置有裂隙面出水口3和裂隙出浆口4。Among them, the fissure rock mass model is a square cake-shaped structure; the fissure rock mass model is set perpendicular to the carrying platform of the electro-hydraulic servo loading testing machine 5; the water injection hole 2 is set on the lower side of the fissure rock mass model; the water injection hole 2 is connected to the fissure rock mass The water injection channel in the model is connected; the water injection hole 2 coincides with the through hole on the mounting platform; the water injection module 7 is connected to the water injection channel in the fractured rock mass model through the through hole at the water injection hole 2; the grouting hole 1 is set in the fractured rock mass On a square plane of the model; on the square plane of the fractured rock mass model that is not provided with grouting holes 1, there are photometric speckles 8. In addition, the fractured rock mass model is also provided with a fracture surface water outlet 3 and a fracture slurry outlet 4.
具体的，数据采集模块包括：第一高速摄像机、第二高速摄像机和声发射监测装置；第一高速摄像机和第二高速摄像机均与控制模块连接；第一高速摄像机设置于裂隙岩体模型设置有注浆孔1的正方形平面处，第一高速摄像机用于采集浆液扩散路径图像；第二高速摄像机设置于裂隙岩体模型设置有光测散斑8的正方形平面处，第二高速摄像机用于采集裂隙岩体模型内部的应变场数据；所述声发射监测装置用于采集裂隙岩体模型处的声发射信号。Specifically, the data collection module includes: a first high-speed camera, a second high-speed camera and an acoustic emission monitoring device; both the first high-speed camera and the second high-speed camera are connected to the control module; the first high-speed camera is installed in the fissure rock mass model. At the square plane of the grouting hole 1, the first high-speed camera is used to collect images of the grout diffusion path; the second high-speed camera is installed at the square plane of the fractured rock mass model with photometric speckles 8, and the second high-speed camera is used to collect images. Strain field data inside the fractured rock mass model; the acoustic emission monitoring device is used to collect acoustic emission signals at the fractured rock mass model.
示例性的，本实施例提供的一种多作用力下的可视化三维裂隙注浆实验系统，还包括3D打印机，型号为Stratasys F7703D。Illustratively, this embodiment provides a visual three-dimensional crack grouting experimental system under multiple forces, which also includes a 3D printer, model Stratasys F7703D.
进一步，本发明采用的注浆模块6还可以包括：注浆机、浆液储存罐、压力检测装置和设置有自动搅拌装置的压力桶；自动搅拌装置与控制模块连接；压力桶与浆液储存罐连接；压力桶用于制备浆液；浆液储存罐通过注浆机的注浆管与注浆孔1连接；压力检测装置设置于注浆管处；压力检测装置与控制模块连接；压力检测装置用于检测注浆管处的压力；控制模块还与注浆机电连接；控制模块用于在注浆管处的压力大于压力阈值时，控制注浆机通过注浆孔1向裂隙岩体模型内注浆。Further, the grouting module 6 used in the present invention can also include: a grouting machine, a slurry storage tank, a pressure detection device and a pressure barrel equipped with an automatic stirring device; the automatic stirring device is connected to the control module; the pressure barrel is connected to the slurry storage tank. ; The pressure barrel is used to prepare slurry; the slurry storage tank is connected to the grouting hole 1 through the grouting pipe of the grouting machine; the pressure detection device is set at the grouting pipe; the pressure detection device is connected to the control module; the pressure detection device is used for detection The pressure at the grouting pipe; the control module is also connected to the grouting machine and electrically; the control module is used to control the grouting machine to inject grouting into the fractured rock mass model through the grouting hole 1 when the pressure at the grouting pipe is greater than the pressure threshold.
实施例2Example 2
本实施例提供了一种多作用力下的可视化三维裂隙注浆实验方法，方法应用于实施例1所述的一种多作用力下的可视化三维裂隙注浆实验系统，方法包括：This embodiment provides a visual three-dimensional crack grouting experimental method under multiple forces. The method is applied to the visual three-dimensional crack grouting experimental system under multiple forces described in Embodiment 1. The method includes:
根据实际裂隙岩体的裂隙参数，构建裂隙岩体模型；裂隙岩体模型是利用冷冻后的光敏树脂材料进行3D打印后得到的透明状模型；The fractured rock mass model is constructed based on the fracture parameters of the actual fractured rock mass; the fractured rock mass model is a transparent model obtained by 3D printing using frozen photosensitive resin materials;
向搭载裂隙岩体模型施加预设载荷以模拟实际裂隙岩体处的初始地应力；Apply preset loads to the fractured rock mass model to simulate the initial in-situ stress at the actual fractured rock mass;
向裂隙岩体模型注水以模拟实际裂隙岩体处的地下水压力；Inject water into the fractured rock mass model to simulate the groundwater pressure at the actual fractured rock mass;
向裂隙岩体模型注浆；Inject grouting into the fractured rock mass model;
采集注水注浆后裂隙岩体模型表面的图像和声发射信号；所述图像用于描述裂隙岩体模型裂隙内的浆液扩散路径，以及裂隙岩体模型内部的应变场数据；所述声发射信号用于确定裂隙岩体模型内部的微裂纹位置及扩展情况。Collect images and acoustic emission signals on the surface of the fractured rock mass model after water injection and grouting; the images are used to describe the slurry diffusion path in the cracks of the fractured rock mass model, and the strain field data inside the fractured rock mass model; the acoustic emission signal Used to determine the location and expansion of microcracks inside the fractured rock mass model.
在采集注水注浆后裂隙岩体模型表面的图像之后，还包括：After collecting images of the surface of the fractured rock mass model after water injection and grouting, it also includes:
调整注浆参数并返回步骤“根据实际裂隙岩体的裂隙参数，构建裂隙岩体模型”；注浆参数浆液密度、浆液配比、注浆速率和注浆压力。Adjust the grouting parameters and return to the step "Construct a fractured rock mass model based on the actual fracture parameters of the fractured rock mass"; the grouting parameters are grout density, grout ratio, grouting rate and grouting pressure.
此外，在采集注水注浆后裂隙岩体模型表面的图像之后，还包括：In addition, after collecting images of the surface of the fractured rock mass model after water injection and grouting, it also includes:
调整裂隙参数并返回步骤“根据实际裂隙岩体的裂隙参数，构建裂隙岩体模型”；裂隙参数包括裂隙倾角、裂隙开度、裂隙面粗糙度和裂隙空间分布。不同裂隙参数对应的隙岩体模型如图6-7所示。Adjust the fracture parameters and return to the step "Construct a fractured rock mass model based on the fracture parameters of the actual fractured rock mass"; the fracture parameters include fracture inclination angle, fracture aperture, fracture surface roughness and fracture spatial distribution. The fractured rock mass model corresponding to different fracture parameters is shown in Figure 6-7.
实施例3Example 3
如图8，本实施例提供了一种多作用力下的可视化三维裂隙注浆实验方法，其采用的模拟实验系统包括加载系统、控制系统、注水系统、注浆系统和实时监测系统，实施步骤如下：As shown in Figure 8, this embodiment provides a visual three-dimensional crack grouting experimental method under multiple forces. The simulation experiment system used includes a loading system, a control system, a water injection system, a grouting system and a real-time monitoring system. The implementation steps as follows:
第一步：3D打印透明裂隙岩体模型。采用型号为Stratasys F7703D的3D打印机，打印机打印体积为13立方英尺(372升)，可以满足本实验所需试样尺寸要求。首先通过CT扫描技术扫描岩石真实裂隙，导入计算机进行三维重构，计算其JRC值，将处理后的数据通过影像分析和可视化平台3DSLICER建立模型，最后输入到3D打印机，复刻岩体裂隙。选取冷冻后的光敏树脂材料作为相似材料，制作透明的三维裂隙岩体模型，模型预留注浆孔和注水孔。模型尺寸为1000mm*1000mm*500mm，单个裂隙尺寸为400mm×400mm×2mm，节理间距、倾角、开度和空间分布可按照需要调整。为保证浆液能够进入各个裂隙，裂隙之间需相互连通。注水孔预制在试样底部正中心，与裂隙连通；注浆孔预制在试样正前方正中心，与裂隙连通；裂隙可根据需要制作不同粗糙度、不同倾角、不同形状或不同交叉方式的多种样式，也可预制多组裂隙，多组裂隙以不同的方式交叉组合。其中，节理可通过CT扫描技术对岩石真实节理面进行扫描，导入计算机进行三维重构，计算得出节理间距、倾角、开度、空间分布与粗糙系数(JRC)值，利用3D打印技术将节理间距、倾角、开度、空间分布与JRC值等各种节理参数直接复制到3D打印裂隙岩体模型中。本实施例可坚固各种二维裂隙网络或三维裂隙网络的相似模型制作。Step one: 3D print the transparent fractured rock mass model. A 3D printer model Stratasys F7703D was used. The printing volume of the printer is 13 cubic feet (372 liters), which can meet the sample size requirements required for this experiment. First, CT scanning technology is used to scan the real cracks in the rock, and then imported into the computer for three-dimensional reconstruction and calculation of its JRC value. The processed data is used to build a model through the image analysis and visualization platform 3DSLICER, and finally input to a 3D printer to replicate the rock mass cracks. The frozen photosensitive resin material was selected as a similar material to create a transparent three-dimensional fractured rock mass model, with grouting holes and water injection holes reserved in the model. The model size is 1000mm*1000mm*500mm, and the size of a single crack is 400mm×400mm×2mm. The joint spacing, inclination angle, opening and spatial distribution can be adjusted as needed. In order to ensure that the slurry can enter each crack, the cracks need to be connected to each other. The water injection hole is prefabricated in the center of the bottom of the sample and is connected to the crack; the grouting hole is prefabricated in the center of the front of the sample and is connected to the crack; the cracks can be made with different roughness, different inclination angles, different shapes or different intersection methods as needed. Multiple sets of cracks can also be prefabricated in multiple styles, and multiple sets of cracks can be cross-combined in different ways. Among them, the joints can be scanned by CT scanning technology on the real joint surface of the rock, imported into the computer for three-dimensional reconstruction, and the joint spacing, inclination angle, opening, spatial distribution and roughness coefficient (JRC) value can be calculated, and the joints can be printed using 3D printing technology. Various joint parameters such as spacing, inclination, opening, spatial distribution and JRC value are directly copied into the 3D printed fractured rock mass model. This embodiment can solidify the production of similar models of various two-dimensional crack networks or three-dimensional crack networks.
裂隙尺寸可根据需要调整；因上部加载板与左右两侧加载板之间需预留缝隙保证加载过程顺利进行，模型四个边角均采用15mm*15mm*30mm的三角形倒角保证加载过程稳定；利用3D打印技术在裂隙岩体模型内部预制不同角度和粗糙度非贯通裂隙，注浆孔布置在裂隙模型正面中心部位，尺寸为Φ3mm，注水孔布置在裂隙岩体模型底部中心位置，尺寸为Φ2mm。与裂隙直接连接的通道为出浆口与出水口，尺寸均为Φ2mm；注浆孔与出浆口之间为注浆通道，长度为模型宽度的一半250mm，注水孔与出水口之间为注水通道，长度为模型高度的一半500mm，注浆口处安装注浆接口转接器，并使用螺纹与环氧树脂AB胶密封。The size of the crack can be adjusted as needed; because gaps need to be reserved between the upper loading plate and the loading plates on the left and right sides to ensure the smooth progress of the loading process, the four corners of the model are all triangular chamfers of 15mm*15mm*30mm to ensure a stable loading process; 3D printing technology is used to prefabricate non-penetrating cracks with different angles and roughness inside the fractured rock mass model. The grouting hole is arranged in the center of the front of the fracture model with a size of Φ3mm. The water injection hole is arranged in the center of the bottom of the fractured rock mass model with a size of Φ2mm. . The channels directly connected to the cracks are the grout outlet and the water outlet, both with dimensions of Φ2mm; the grouting channel is between the grouting hole and the grouting outlet, and the length is 250mm half the width of the model; the water injection hole is between the water injection hole and the water outlet. The length of the channel is 500mm, which is half the height of the model. A grouting interface adapter is installed at the grouting port, and the threads are sealed with epoxy resin AB glue.
第二步：布置监测设备。在模型无注浆孔一侧布置声发射探头，有注浆孔一侧喷漆制作DIC(数字图像散斑技术)光测散斑，并配备两台高速摄像机，一台放置在裂隙岩体模型试样散斑一侧，采集试样表面应变场数据，另一台高速摄像机放置在试样非散斑一侧，用于观察裂隙内浆液扩散路径。Step 2: Arrange monitoring equipment. An acoustic emission probe is arranged on the side of the model without grouting holes, and the side with grouting holes is spray-painted to produce DIC (Digital Image Speckle Technology) optical speckles. It is also equipped with two high-speed cameras, one of which is placed on the fissure rock mass model test On the speckle side of the sample, the strain field data on the sample surface is collected, and another high-speed camera is placed on the non-speckle side of the sample to observe the slurry diffusion path in the crack.
具体的，在模型非布设注浆孔一侧裂隙四周上下左右四个方向分别布置声发射探头，另一侧喷漆制作DIC光测散斑，并配备两台高速摄像机，一台高速摄像机放置在裂隙岩体模型试样正前方，采集试样表面应变场数据，另外一台高速摄像机放置在试样斜上方45°，观察裂隙内浆液扩散路径。Specifically, acoustic emission probes were arranged around the crack on one side of the model without grouting holes in four directions, up, down, left, and right. The other side was spray-painted to produce DIC photometric speckles, and equipped with two high-speed cameras. One high-speed camera was placed in the crack. Directly in front of the rock mass model sample, the surface strain field data of the sample is collected. Another high-speed camera is placed at an angle of 45° above the sample to observe the diffusion path of the slurry in the crack.
第三步：透明裂隙岩体模型施加初始地应力。将裂隙岩体模型固定于电液伺服加载试验机中心位置，对试样施加设定的静态载荷，模拟围岩的初始地应力状态。Step 3: Apply initial in-situ stress to the transparent fractured rock mass model. The fractured rock mass model is fixed at the center of the electro-hydraulic servo loading testing machine, and a set static load is applied to the sample to simulate the initial in-situ stress state of the surrounding rock.
模型上下左右四个侧面均设置加载板，试验机外部加装高强度树脂玻璃盖体，防止浆液喷出，保护实验人员与设备安全。Loading plates are installed on the upper, lower, left and right sides of the model, and a high-strength resin glass cover is installed on the outside of the testing machine to prevent slurry from spraying out and protect the safety of experimenters and equipment.
第四步：安装实验保护装置。试样四周安装与加载框体匹配的树脂玻璃盖体，保护实验人员和设备安全。Step 4: Install the experimental protection device. A resin glass cover matching the loading frame is installed around the sample to protect the safety of experimenters and equipment.
第五步：透明裂隙岩体模型施加水压力。注水系统采用高精度闭环伺服电机控制泵，加载试验机底部加载板正中心位置预留有钢制注水嘴，其位置与裂隙岩体模型的注水孔位置相同。注水前，将注浆接口转接器通过螺纹安装在模型注浆孔上，用环氧树脂AB胶做好密封；然后设定注水压力值，打开伺服电机控制泵电源，利用伺服电机控制泵通过加载板底部注水嘴向模型内部注水；水压力稳定后，保持控制泵开启，控制注水口水压力恒定，模拟实际工程中裂隙岩体赋存的承压地下水状态。Step 5: Apply water pressure to the transparent fractured rock mass model. The water injection system uses a high-precision closed-loop servo motor to control the pump. A steel water injection nozzle is reserved at the center of the loading plate at the bottom of the loading test machine. Its position is the same as the water injection hole position of the fractured rock mass model. Before water injection, install the grouting interface adapter on the grouting hole of the model through threads, and seal it with epoxy resin AB glue; then set the water injection pressure value, turn on the power of the servo motor to control the pump, and use the servo motor to control the pump through The water injection nozzle at the bottom of the loading plate injects water into the model; after the water pressure stabilizes, the control pump is kept turned on to control the water injection nozzle pressure to be constant, simulating the state of pressurized groundwater existing in fractured rock masses in actual projects.
具体的，将相似模型放置于电液伺服加载试验机正中心位置，以恒定加载速度V＝0.01mm/s使实验机压头与模型完全接触，逐步增加竖向力与侧向围压至实际工程实测地应力水平，随后以固定水压力通过注水孔向模型内部注水，水压力稳定后，保持控制泵开启，控制注水口水压力恒定。Specifically, a similar model is placed in the center of the electro-hydraulic servo loading testing machine, with a constant loading speed V=0.01mm/s to make the indenter of the testing machine fully contact with the model, and the vertical force and lateral confining pressure are gradually increased to the actual The actual ground stress level of the project was measured, and then water was injected into the model through the water injection hole at a fixed water pressure. After the water pressure stabilized, the control pump was kept on and the pressure at the water injection port was controlled to be constant.
第六步：透明裂隙岩体模型注浆。注浆系统主要由自动搅拌装置、全自动搅拌压力桶、浆液输送装置、压力检测装置4部分组成；其中浆液输送装置包括浆液储存罐、注浆机、高压胶管及注浆管等装置。高压胶管连接在浆液储存罐和注浆机之间；注浆机通过高压注浆管连接在注浆接口转接器上，高压注浆管连接注浆机一端装有注浆阀门；将浆液原材料按配比倒入全自动搅拌压力桶搅拌，浆液的原料种类和配比可以根据需要调整，设定注浆压力，打开注浆机电源与注浆阀门，当高压注浆管内部压力达到预设压力后，打开注浆接口转换器，通过注浆孔向试样内部注浆；当浆液压力稳定在3MPa，，且裂隙岩体内浆液扩散形态稳定后，逐渐减小注浆压力至与水压力相等，封闭注浆接口转接器，拆掉注浆管；实验过程中采用高速摄像机连续记录浆液扩散路径与沉积状态。Step 6: Grouting of the transparent fractured rock mass model. The grouting system mainly consists of four parts: an automatic stirring device, a fully automatic stirring pressure barrel, a slurry conveying device, and a pressure detection device. The slurry conveying device includes a slurry storage tank, a grouting machine, a high-pressure hose, a grouting pipe, and other devices. The high-pressure hose is connected between the slurry storage tank and the grouting machine; the grouting machine is connected to the grouting interface adapter through the high-pressure grouting pipe, and one end of the high-pressure grouting pipe connected to the grouting machine is equipped with a grouting valve; the grout raw materials are Pour into the fully automatic mixing pressure barrel according to the proportion and stir. The raw material type and proportion of the slurry can be adjusted as needed. Set the grouting pressure, turn on the power supply of the grouting machine and the grouting valve. When the internal pressure of the high-pressure grouting pipe reaches the preset pressure Finally, open the grouting interface converter and inject grouting into the inside of the sample through the grouting hole; when the grout pressure stabilizes at 3MPa, and the grout diffusion form in the fractured rock body is stable, gradually reduce the grouting pressure to be equal to the water pressure. , close the grouting interface adapter, and remove the grouting pipe; during the experiment, a high-speed camera was used to continuously record the slurry diffusion path and deposition state.
具体的，固定注浆压力通过注浆孔向裂隙岩体模型注浆，观察浆液扩散路径，当浆液压力等指标稳定后，记录浆液在裂隙岩体模型内的扩散状态和沉积状态。实验采用数字图像散斑技术全过程测试试样表面应变场变化，采用声发射技术采集变形全过程试样内部微裂纹扩展信息，利用高速摄像机观测裂隙岩体注浆扩散过程。Specifically, the grouting pressure is fixed to the fractured rock mass model through the grouting hole, and the grout diffusion path is observed. When the grout pressure and other indicators are stable, the diffusion and deposition state of the grout in the fractured rock mass model is recorded. The experiment uses digital image speckle technology to test the surface strain field changes of the sample throughout the entire process, uses acoustic emission technology to collect the internal microcrack expansion information of the sample throughout the deformation process, and uses a high-speed camera to observe the grouting diffusion process of the fractured rock mass.
第七步：不同工程参数裂隙岩体注浆实验。改变注浆参数，研究不同注浆参数(浆液密度、浆液配比、注浆速率和注浆压力)对浆液扩散路径与加固效果的影响，分析不同裂隙参数(裂隙倾角、裂隙开度、裂隙面粗糙度和裂隙空间分布)对浆液扩散路径与加固效果的影响，分析不同水压力对浆液扩散路径与加固效果的影响。Step 7: Grouting experiments on fractured rock mass with different engineering parameters. Change the grouting parameters, study the influence of different grouting parameters (grouting density, grout ratio, grouting rate and grouting pressure) on the grout diffusion path and reinforcement effect, and analyze the different crack parameters (crack inclination angle, crack aperture, crack surface Roughness and crack spatial distribution) on the slurry diffusion path and reinforcement effect, and analyze the influence of different water pressures on the slurry diffusion path and reinforcement effect.
第八步：注浆加固效果实验。注浆模拟实验结束后，保持模型加载与水压力恒定，将相似模型静置一定时间进行养护，养护时间一般不超过8h(在注浆施工中，单液浆的凝胶时间原则上不宜超过8h，否则难以控制浆液的扩散范围)，养护完成后加载试验机继续加压直至模型破坏，加载过程中高速摄像机及DIC监测设备持续监测。Step 8: Experiment on grouting reinforcement effect. After the grouting simulation experiment, keep the model loading and water pressure constant, and leave similar models for a certain period of time for curing. The curing time generally does not exceed 8 hours (in grouting construction, the gel time of a single liquid grout should not exceed 8 hours in principle). , otherwise it will be difficult to control the diffusion range of the slurry). After the curing is completed, the loading testing machine continues to pressurize until the model is destroyed. During the loading process, high-speed cameras and DIC monitoring equipment continue to monitor.
通过电液伺服加载试验机模拟最高可达100MPa的构造应力，可以真实模拟岩体所受地应力的大小；通过高精度闭环伺服电机控制泵可实现长时间水压力保持；采用冷冻情况下的3D打印光敏树脂材料制作裂隙岩体模型，保证强度与实际岩体相似的同时，克服以往注浆实验难以透明观察裂隙内部浆液扩散过程这一难题，直观展现岩体注浆过程中裂隙内部的浆液扩散过程；采用数字图像散斑技术(DIC)在注浆孔一侧测量试样变形全过程应变场，非布设注浆孔一侧采用声发射技术采集实验全过程试样内部微裂纹扩展信息，利用高速摄像机进行裂隙岩体注浆扩散过程观测；高精度闭环伺服电机控制注浆泵具有耗能低，无噪音，不间断试验、结构简单、高度自动化，可实现长时间稳压注水，高压注浆，有利于开展地下水环境下裂隙岩体注浆的浆液扩散研究。通过模拟真实地应力条件下不同类型裂隙岩体的浆液扩散规律；模拟不同裂隙网络分布、裂隙倾角、裂隙开度和裂隙粗糙度等条件下的浆液扩散规律和不同浆液密度，浆液配比，注浆速率和注浆压力等条件下浆液扩散规律，实现预制裂隙中浆液扩展规律研究、预制裂隙中不同影响因素下浆液扩散规律的对比研究以及预制裂隙岩体注浆加固前后效果对比研究。The electro-hydraulic servo loading testing machine simulates tectonic stress up to 100MPa, which can truly simulate the magnitude of the in-situ stress on the rock mass; the high-precision closed-loop servo motor control pump can achieve long-term water pressure maintenance; the use of 3D under freezing conditions Printing photosensitive resin materials to produce fractured rock mass models, ensuring that the strength is similar to the actual rock mass, while overcoming the difficulty of transparently observing the grout diffusion process inside the cracks in previous grouting experiments, and intuitively showing the grout diffusion inside the cracks during the rock mass grouting process. process; digital image speckle technology (DIC) was used to measure the strain field of the entire deformation process of the sample on the grouting hole side, and acoustic emission technology was used to collect the internal microcrack expansion information of the sample during the entire experimental process on the non-grouting hole side. A high-speed camera is used to observe the grouting diffusion process of fractured rock mass; a high-precision closed-loop servo motor controls the grouting pump with low energy consumption, no noise, uninterrupted testing, simple structure, and high automation, which can realize long-term stable pressure water injection and high-pressure grouting. , which is conducive to carrying out grout diffusion research on fractured rock mass grouting in groundwater environment. By simulating the slurry diffusion laws of different types of fractured rock masses under real in-situ stress conditions; simulating the slurry diffusion laws and different slurry densities and slurry ratios under different conditions such as fracture network distribution, fracture inclination angle, fracture opening and fracture roughness, note The grout diffusion law under conditions such as grout rate and grouting pressure can be studied to conduct research on the grout expansion law in prefabricated cracks, comparative research on the grout diffusion law under different influencing factors in prefabricated cracks, and comparative research on the effects before and after grouting reinforcement of prefabricated fractured rock mass.
本说明书中各个实施例采用递进的方式描述，每个实施例重点说明的都是与其他实施例的不同之处，各个实施例之间相同相似部分互相参见即可。对于实施例公开的系统而言，由于其与实施例公开的方法相对应，所以描述的比较简单，相关之处参见方法部分说明即可。Each embodiment in this specification is described in a progressive manner. Each embodiment focuses on its differences from other embodiments. The same and similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other. As for the system disclosed in the embodiment, since it corresponds to the method disclosed in the embodiment, the description is relatively simple. For relevant details, please refer to the description in the method section.
本文中应用了具体个例对本发明的原理及实施方式进行了阐述，以上实施例的说明只是用于帮助理解本发明的方法及其核心思想；同时，对于本领域的一般技术人员，依据本发明的思想，在具体实施方式及应用范围上均会有改变之处。综上所述，本说明书内容不应理解为对本发明的限制。This article uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and the core idea of the present invention; at the same time, for those of ordinary skill in the art, according to the present invention There will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope of the ideas. In summary, the contents of this description should not be construed as limitations of the present invention.
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| CN111812022B (en) * | 2020-06-16 | 2024-04-05 | 重庆大学 | System and method for visualizing three-dimensional strain field of coal and rock under complex geological structure |
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