CN115159555B - Method and system for treating solid waste incineration flue gas - Google Patents
Method and system for treating solid waste incineration flue gas Download PDFInfo
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- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 238000004056 waste incineration Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 179
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 137
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 121
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 80
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- GBAOBIBJACZTNA-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfite Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])=O GBAOBIBJACZTNA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 235000010261 calcium sulphite Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 272
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 113
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium hydroxide Substances [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 90
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 74
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 37
- 150000003841 chloride salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 35
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 claims description 27
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 229910001414 potassium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 27
- 229910001415 sodium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 27
- RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphur dioxide Chemical compound O=S=O RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- AKEJUJNQAAGONA-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur trioxide Chemical compound O=S(=O)=O AKEJUJNQAAGONA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bicarbonate Chemical compound OC([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 16
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 16
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910000041 hydrogen chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen chloride Substances Cl.Cl IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium cation Chemical compound [Ca+2] BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910001424 calcium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- -1 hydroxyl ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 7
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfurous acid Chemical compound OS(O)=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- QWPPOHNGKGFGJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hypochlorous acid Chemical class ClO QWPPOHNGKGFGJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- KZBUYRJDOAKODT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine Chemical compound ClCl KZBUYRJDOAKODT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 24
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 description 14
- WQYVRQLZKVEZGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hypochlorite Inorganic materials Cl[O-] WQYVRQLZKVEZGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 10
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 10
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000005261 decarburization Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 5
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 5
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 5
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium hypochlorite Chemical compound [Na+].Cl[O-] SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005262 decarbonization Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000006298 dechlorination reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001808 coupling effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000004763 sulfides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 2
- MGWGWNFMUOTEHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3,5-dimethylphenyl)-1,3-thiazol-2-amine Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=CC(C=2N=C(N)SC=2)=C1 MGWGWNFMUOTEHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005708 Sodium hypochlorite Substances 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007853 buffer solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UBAZGMLMVVQSCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon dioxide;molecular oxygen Chemical compound O=O.O=C=O UBAZGMLMVVQSCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005587 carbonate group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002920 hazardous waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen dioxide Inorganic materials O=[N]=O JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TYJJADVDDVDEDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium hydrogencarbonate Chemical compound [K+].OC([O-])=O TYJJADVDDVDEDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- SATVIFGJTRRDQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium hypochlorite Chemical compound [K+].Cl[O-] SATVIFGJTRRDQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-L sulfite Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01F—COMPOUNDS OF THE METALS BERYLLIUM, MAGNESIUM, ALUMINIUM, CALCIUM, STRONTIUM, BARIUM, RADIUM, THORIUM, OR OF THE RARE-EARTH METALS
- C01F11/00—Compounds of calcium, strontium, or barium
- C01F11/46—Sulfates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01F—COMPOUNDS OF THE METALS BERYLLIUM, MAGNESIUM, ALUMINIUM, CALCIUM, STRONTIUM, BARIUM, RADIUM, THORIUM, OR OF THE RARE-EARTH METALS
- C01F11/00—Compounds of calcium, strontium, or barium
- C01F11/18—Carbonates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01F—COMPOUNDS OF THE METALS BERYLLIUM, MAGNESIUM, ALUMINIUM, CALCIUM, STRONTIUM, BARIUM, RADIUM, THORIUM, OR OF THE RARE-EARTH METALS
- C01F11/00—Compounds of calcium, strontium, or barium
- C01F11/48—Sulfites
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
- C25B1/01—Products
- C25B1/02—Hydrogen or oxygen
- C25B1/04—Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
- C25B1/01—Products
- C25B1/24—Halogens or compounds thereof
- C25B1/26—Chlorine; Compounds thereof
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of flue gas treatment, in particular to a method and a system for treating solid waste incineration flue gas. The method comprises the following steps: carrying out gas-liquid reaction on the solid waste incineration flue gas and the first alkali liquor to obtain a first product solution and a first mixed gas; mixing the first product solution with an ash water washing solution of a solid waste incineration power plant to obtain a calcium sulfate precipitate, a calcium sulfite precipitate and a second product solution; carrying out gas-liquid reaction on the first mixed gas and the second alkali solution to obtain a third product solution and a second mixed gas; mixing the carbonate solution contained in the second product solution and the third product solution to obtain calcium carbonate precipitate and a fourth product solution; and (3) electrolyzing the fourth product solution to obtain hydrogen, chlorine, oxygen and third alkali liquor. The scheme provided by the invention can effectively treat the solid waste incineration flue gas.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of flue gas treatment, in particular to a method and a system for treating solid waste incineration flue gas.
Background
Along with the acceleration of the urban process, the yield of urban solid waste in China tends to increase year by year, and the incineration technology has become the mainstream technology of the current harmless treatment of organic solid waste. Taking domestic garbage and dangerous waste as examples, in the combustion process of the garbage, due to the complexity and non-uniformity of garbage components, a plurality of different chemical reactions occur in the combustion process, and generated flue gas contains excessive air and carbon dioxide and also contains gases such as sulfur dioxide, sulfur trioxide and hydrogen chloride, so the flue gas generated by solid waste combustion is a main source of pollution in the combustion treatment process.
In the related art, the treatment method of the solid waste incineration flue gas mainly comprises the processes of wet purification, semi-dry purification, NQ purification, active carbon injection and the like. However, the above-described related art has poor flue gas cleaning effect. More importantly, a large amount of wastewater, waste salt and high-risk fly ash are generated in the flue gas purification process, so that the environmental risk of the treatment and disposal process is high, and the economic cost is high. Under the large background of construction of the city without waste, how to realize the generation control of secondary pollutants in the flue gas purification process is particularly important.
Therefore, a method and a system for treating solid waste incineration flue gas are needed to solve the above technical problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a method and a system for treating solid waste incineration flue gas, which can effectively treat the solid waste incineration flue gas.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for treating solid waste incineration flue gas, including:
carrying out gas-liquid reaction on the solid waste incineration flue gas and the first alkali liquor to obtain a first product solution and a first mixed gas; wherein the solid waste incineration flue gas comprises sulfur trioxide, sulfur dioxide, hydrogen chloride, carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides, oxygen and nitrogen, the metal cations in the first alkali liquor comprise sodium ions and/or potassium ions, the first product solution comprises sulfite, bisulfite, sulfate and first chloride, and the first mixed gas comprises carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides and nitrogen;
mixing the first product solution with an ash water washing solution of a solid waste incineration power plant to obtain a calcium sulfate precipitate, a calcium sulfite precipitate and a second product solution; wherein the ash water wash solution comprises calcium chloride, the second product solution comprises a second chloride salt, and the second chloride salt comprises at least calcium chloride compared with the first chloride salt;
carrying out gas-liquid reaction on the first mixed gas and the second alkali solution to obtain a third product solution and a second mixed gas; wherein the metal cations in the second alkali liquor comprise sodium ions and/or potassium ions, the third product solution comprises a carbonate solution, a bicarbonate solution and a nitrate solution, the second mixed gas comprises carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides and nitrogen, the carbon dioxide content of the second mixed gas is lower than that of the first mixed gas, and the nitrogen oxide content of the second mixed gas is lower than that of the first mixed gas;
mixing the carbonate solution contained in the second product solution and the third product solution to obtain calcium carbonate precipitate and a fourth product solution; wherein the fourth product solution comprises a third chloride salt, wherein the third chloride salt does not contain calcium ions;
electrolyzing the fourth product solution to obtain hydrogen, chlorine, oxygen and third alkali liquor; wherein, the metal cations in the third alkali liquor comprise sodium ions and/or potassium ions.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a system for treating solid waste incineration flue gas, including a first reaction device, a second reaction device, a third reaction device, a fourth reaction device, and an electrolysis device, where the first reaction device is connected with the second reaction device and the third reaction device, and the fourth reaction device is connected with the second reaction device, the third reaction device, and the electrolysis device, respectively;
the first reaction device is used for carrying out gas-liquid reaction on the solid waste incineration flue gas and the first alkali liquor to obtain a first product solution and a first mixed gas; wherein the solid waste incineration flue gas comprises sulfur trioxide, sulfur dioxide, hydrogen chloride, carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides, oxygen and nitrogen, the metal cations in the first alkali liquor comprise sodium ions and/or potassium ions, the first product solution comprises sulfite, bisulfite, sulfate and first chloride, and the first mixed gas comprises carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides and nitrogen;
the second reaction device is used for carrying out gas-liquid reaction on the first mixed gas and the second alkali solution to obtain a third product solution and a second mixed gas; wherein the metal cations in the second alkali liquor comprise sodium ions and/or potassium ions, the third product solution comprises a carbonate solution, a bicarbonate solution and a nitrate solution, the second mixed gas comprises carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides and nitrogen, the carbon dioxide content of the second mixed gas is lower than that of the first mixed gas, and the nitrogen oxide content of the second mixed gas is lower than that of the first mixed gas;
the third reaction device is used for mixing the first product solution with an ash water washing solution of the solid waste incineration power plant to obtain a calcium sulfate precipitate, a calcium sulfite precipitate and a second product solution; wherein the ash water wash solution comprises calcium chloride, the second product solution comprises a second chloride salt, and the second chloride salt comprises at least calcium chloride compared with the first chloride salt;
the fourth reaction device is used for mixing the second product solution and the carbonate solution contained in the third product solution to obtain calcium carbonate sediment and a fourth product solution; wherein the fourth product solution comprises a third chloride salt, wherein the third chloride salt does not contain calcium ions;
the electrolysis device is used for electrolyzing the fourth product solution to obtain hydrogen, chlorine, oxygen and third alkali liquor; wherein, the metal cations in the third alkali liquor comprise sodium ions and/or potassium ions.
The embodiment of the invention provides a method and a system for treating solid waste incineration flue gas, which are characterized in that the solid waste incineration flue gas and a first alkali liquor are subjected to gas-liquid reaction to obtain a first product solution and a first mixed gas, so that sulfur dioxide, sulfur trioxide and hydrogen chloride in the flue gas can be absorbed; then mixing the first product solution with an ash water washing solution of a solid waste incineration power plant to obtain a calcium sulfate precipitate, a calcium sulfite precipitate and a second product solution, so that sulfides in the flue gas can be completely removed in a precipitation mode; then, carrying out gas-liquid reaction on the first mixed gas and the second alkali solution to obtain a third product solution and the second mixed gas, so that part of carbon dioxide and nitrogen oxides in the first mixed gas can be absorbed, and part of decarburization and nitrogen oxide removal can be realized; then mixing carbonate solutions contained in the second product solution and the third product solution to obtain calcium carbonate precipitation and a fourth product solution, so that residual calcium ions in the second product solution can be completely removed, calcium hydroxide precipitation is avoided in the subsequent electrolysis process, and carbon dioxide can be removed in a precipitation mode; finally, the fourth product solution is electrolyzed to obtain hydrogen, chlorine, oxygen and third alkali liquor, so that the hydrogen chloride can be completely removed. Therefore, the technical scheme realizes the coupling effect of desulfurization, decarburization, denitration and dechlorination, is more economical and environment-friendly, and can effectively treat the solid waste incineration flue gas.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for treating solid waste incineration flue gas according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a method for treating solid waste incineration flue gas according to another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a system for treating solid waste incineration flue gas according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a treatment system for solid waste incineration flue gas according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals:
300-a first reaction device;
302-a second reaction device;
304-a third reaction device;
306-fourth reaction means;
308-an electrolysis device;
310-a fifth reaction device;
312-pH value detection device;
314-sixth reaction means;
316-seventh reaction means.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments, and all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without making any inventive effort based on the embodiments of the present invention are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for treating solid waste incineration flue gas, which includes:
step 100, carrying out gas-liquid reaction on solid waste incineration flue gas and first alkali liquor to obtain a first product solution and first mixed gas; wherein the flue gas comprises sulfur trioxide, sulfur dioxide, hydrogen chloride, carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides, oxygen and nitrogen, the metal cations in the first alkali liquor comprise sodium ions and/or potassium ions, the first product solution comprises sulfite, bisulfite, sulfate and first chloride, and the first mixed gas comprises carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides and nitrogen;
102, mixing the first product solution with an ash water washing solution of a solid waste incineration power plant to obtain a calcium sulfate precipitate, a calcium sulfite precipitate and a second product solution; wherein the ash water washing solution comprises calcium chloride, the second product solution comprises second chloride salt, and the second chloride salt at least comprises calcium chloride compared with the first chloride salt;
104, carrying out gas-liquid reaction on the first mixed gas and the second alkali solution to obtain a third product solution and a second mixed gas; wherein the metal cations in the second alkali liquor comprise sodium ions and/or potassium ions, the third product solution comprises a carbonate solution, a bicarbonate solution and a nitrate solution, the second mixed gas comprises carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides and nitrogen, the carbon dioxide content of the second mixed gas is lower than that of the first mixed gas, and the nitrogen oxide content of the second mixed gas is lower than that of the first mixed gas;
step 106, mixing the carbonate solution contained in the second product solution and the carbonate solution contained in the third product solution to obtain calcium carbonate precipitate and a fourth product solution; wherein the fourth product solution comprises a third chloride salt, and the third chloride salt does not contain calcium ions;
step 108, electrolyzing the fourth product solution to obtain hydrogen, chlorine, oxygen and third alkali liquor; wherein, the metal cations in the third alkali liquor comprise sodium ions and/or potassium ions.
In the embodiment, the solid waste incineration flue gas and the first alkali liquor are subjected to gas-liquid reaction to obtain a first product solution and a first mixed gas, so that sulfur dioxide, sulfur trioxide and hydrogen chloride in the flue gas can be absorbed; then mixing the first product solution with an ash water washing solution of a solid waste incineration power plant to obtain a calcium sulfate precipitate, a calcium sulfite precipitate and a second product solution, so that sulfides in the flue gas can be completely removed in a precipitation mode; then, carrying out gas-liquid reaction on the first mixed gas and the second alkali solution to obtain a third product solution and the second mixed gas, so that part of carbon dioxide and nitrogen oxides in the first mixed gas can be absorbed, and part of decarburization and nitrogen oxide removal can be realized; then mixing carbonate solutions contained in the second product solution and the third product solution to obtain calcium carbonate precipitation and a fourth product solution, so that residual calcium ions in the second product solution can be completely removed, calcium hydroxide precipitation is avoided in the subsequent electrolysis process, and carbon dioxide can be removed in a precipitation mode; finally, the fourth product solution is electrolyzed to obtain hydrogen, chlorine, oxygen and third alkali liquor, so that the hydrogen chloride can be completely removed. Therefore, the technical scheme realizes the coupling effect of desulfurization, decarburization, denitration and dechlorination, is more economical and environment-friendly, and can effectively treat the solid waste incineration flue gas.
The individual steps shown in fig. 1 are described below.
For step 100:
in this step, the organic solid waste refers to household garbage and hazardous waste, and this type of garbage generates pollutant gases (or acid gases) such as sulfur dioxide, sulfur trioxide, and hydrogen chloride when incinerated. It is known that the solid waste incineration flue gas mainly comprises nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide and nitrogen oxides (such as nitrogen dioxide, nitric oxide, etc.) besides the three pollutant gases, while nitrogen and oxygen are environment-friendly gases, and carbon dioxide and nitrogen oxides are gases which should avoid high output as much as possible in the present stage, so that the absorption of part of carbon dioxide and part of nitrogen oxides can be realized by the following decarburization and denitration schemes.
It should be further noted that, by adjusting the amount of the first alkali liquor, the obtained first mixed gas at least includes carbon dioxide and nitrogen, and may also include oxygen, so as to completely absorb three kinds of pollutant gases in the solid waste incineration flue gas.
In some embodiments, the primary alkali is a solution of sodium hydroxide and/or potassium hydroxide, and the specific composition of the primary alkali is not limited herein.
In step 100, the following chemical reaction equations may occur:
SO 2 +2NaOH→Na 2 SO 3 +H 2 O
SO 2 +NaOH→NaHSO 3
2SO 2 +4NaOH+O 2 →2Na 2 SO 4 +2H 2 O
SO 3 +NaOH→Na 2 SO 4 +H 2 O
HCl+NaOH→NaCl+H 2 O
as can be seen from the above chemical reaction equation, the solution of step 100 can absorb sulfur dioxide, sulfur trioxide and hydrogen chloride in the flue gas, thereby providing a foundation for realizing desulfurization and dechlorination.
In some embodiments, after step 100, the method may further include:
mixing the first product solution with a calcium hydroxide solution to obtain a calcium sulfite precipitate and a fourth alkali liquor; wherein, the metal cations in the fourth alkali liquor comprise sodium ions and/or potassium ions;
and mixing the fourth alkali liquor with the first alkali liquor to obtain a new first alkali liquor.
In this embodiment, the regeneration of the first alkali solution may be achieved by introducing a calcium hydroxide solution, that is, after the fourth alkali solution is obtained, the obtained fourth alkali solution is mixed with the first alkali solution to obtain a new first alkali solution, so that it is beneficial to ensure that the alkali solution in the container containing the first alkali solution can be continuously input with the fresh alkali solution, and thus the above-mentioned pollutant gas can be continuously absorbed.
The specific chemical reaction equation is as follows:
Na 2 SO 3 +H 2 O+Ca(OH) 2 →CaSO 3 ·1/2H 2 O↓+2NaOH
NaHSO 3 +Ca(OH) 2 →CaSO 3 ·1/2H 2 O↓+NaOH
in some embodiments, the fourth lye is a solution of sodium hydroxide and/or potassium hydroxide, etc., and the specific composition of the fourth lye is not limited herein.
It should be noted that this environment is slightly acidic due to the constantly contaminated gas reacting with the primary alkali, whereas carbon dioxide is not easily absorbed by sodium hydroxide and/or potassium hydroxide in a slightly acidic environment, and thus the solution for removing carbon dioxide does not exist in step 100.
For step 102:
in order to remove sulfate ions or sulfite ions to completely achieve the purpose of desulfurization, and simultaneously, considering that ash generated after incineration of the above type of garbage contains more chlorine elements and calcium elements, an ash water-washing solution of a solid waste incineration power plant can be mixed with a first product solution to obtain calcium sulfate precipitation and calcium sulfite precipitation. So set up, not only can realize the effect of desulfurization, can also be favorable to make full use of lime-ash washing solution (i.e. waste water) to realize producing the effect of chlorine to the treatment of waste with waste has been realized.
The specific chemical reaction equation is as follows:
CaCl 2 +Na 2 SO 4 →CaSO 4 ↓+2NaCl
CaCl 2 +Na 2 SO 3 →CaSO 3 ↓+2NaCl
2NaHSO 3 +CaCl 2 →2NaCl+CaSO 3 ↓+H +
for step 104:
it will be appreciated that the purpose of step 104 is to achieve removal of a portion of the carbon dioxide and a portion of the nitrogen oxides from the first mixture. In some embodiments, for example, sodium hydroxide and/or potassium hydroxide solutions may be utilized to react with carbon dioxide in an oxidizing environment to form carbonate and bicarbonate solutions, and sodium hydroxide and/or potassium hydroxide solutions may also be utilized to react with nitrogen oxides in an oxidizing environment to form nitrate solutions. The oxidizing environment is described below, i.e., the oxidizing ability of hypochlorite ions can be used to provide the oxidizing environment, and will not be described in detail herein.
In some embodiments, the carbon dioxide content of the second mixture is lower than that of the first mixture, for example, the former may be 40% to 60% of the latter.
In some embodiments, the nitrogen oxide content of the second mixture is lower than the nitrogen oxide content of the first mixture, for example, the former may be 40% to 60% of the latter.
In some embodiments, the second alkaline solution is a solution of sodium hydroxide and/or potassium hydroxide, and the specific composition of the second alkaline solution is not limited herein.
The specific chemical reaction equation in step 104 is as follows:
NaOH+CO 2 →Na 2 CO 3 +H 2 O
NaOH+CO 2 →NaHCO 3
for step 106:
in order to be able to completely remove the sulfur element, the calcium chloride introduced in step 102 is therefore in excess with respect to the sulphites, bisulphites, sulphates. At this time, the step 106 contains a certain amount of calcium ions, so as to avoid calcium ions being combined with hydroxide ions to produce calcium hydroxide insoluble matters during the electrolysis in the step 108, and the calcium hydroxide insoluble matters are easily attached to the ion membrane of the electrolysis apparatus, which is disadvantageous for the electrolysis. Thus, step 106 entails impurity removal of the remaining calcium ions by mixing the carbonate solution comprised by the second and third product solutions to obtain a calcium carbonate precipitate and a fourth product solution.
The specific chemical reaction equation is as follows:
Na 2 CO 3 +CaCl 2 →CaCO 3 ↓+NaCl
in some embodiments, the carbonate solution may be a sodium carbonate solution and/or a potassium carbonate solution, and the specific composition of the carbonate solution is not limited herein.
As the decarbonation process proceeds, a carbonate solution and a bicarbonate solution are obtained in step 104. In order to remove the excess calcium ions from step 106, however, a carbonate solution is required to be introduced, but a bicarbonate solution is not introduced.
To address this technical problem, in some embodiments, step 106 may include:
detecting the pH of a third product solution for mixing with the second product solution;
if the pH is greater than 12, mixing the third product solution and the second product solution;
if the pH value is more than 8 and less than 12, the third product solution and the alkali liquor are mixed so that hydroxyl ions in the alkali liquor and bicarbonate ions in the third product solution react to obtain carbonate ions, and the mixed solution and the second product solution are mixed.
In this embodiment, by detecting the pH of the third product solution, it can be determined whether the third product solution for mixing with the second product solution is mainly a carbonate solution or a bicarbonate solution. And if a carbonate solution, i.e. a pH greater than 12, mixing the third product solution and the second product solution; in the case of bicarbonate solutions, i.e. having a pH of more than 8 and less than 12, the third product solution is mixed with the lye to react the hydroxyl ions in the lye with the bicarbonate ions in the third product solution to obtain carbonate ions, and the mixed solution is mixed with the second product solution.
For step 108:
because the third chloride salt included in the fourth product solution obtained in step 106 does not contain calcium ions, the fourth product solution can be electrolyzed to obtain product gases such as hydrogen, chlorine, oxygen and the like and a third alkali solution, and thus, the reutilization of waste liquid is realized.
The specific chemical reaction equation is as follows:
positive electrode 2Cl - -2e - →Cl 2 ↑
4OH - -4e - →O 2 ↑+2H 2 O
Negative electrode 2H - +2e - →H 2 ↑
In some embodiments, the third lye is a solution of sodium hydroxide and/or potassium hydroxide, etc., and the specific composition of the third lye is not limited herein.
To further achieve the recycling effect, in some embodiments, after step 108, the method may further include:
carrying out gas-liquid reaction on chlorine and a fifth alkali liquor to obtain a fifth product solution; wherein the metal cations in the fifth alkaline solution comprise sodium ions and/or potassium ions, and the fifth product solution comprises fourth chloride salt and hypochlorite salt;
and mixing the third alkali liquor, the fifth product solution and the second alkali liquor to obtain a new second alkali liquor.
In this embodiment, as described above, for the purpose of decarbonization in step 104, after step 108, hypochlorite may be obtained by reacting the generated chlorine with the fifth alkali solution, so that the third alkali solution, the fifth product solution and the second alkali solution may be mixed and a new second alkali solution may be obtained, thereby achieving the purpose of decarbonization in step 104.
The specific chemical reaction equation is as follows:
Cl 2 +NaOH→NaCl+NaClO
of course, the oxidizing environment of step 104 may also be accomplished by passing other oxidizing solutions, such as by connecting a different line to the above-described path for transporting the oxidizing solution. However, by adopting the scheme provided by the embodiment, the aim of decarburization can be realized in a complete cycle, so that the method is more economical and environment-friendly.
Because the third alkali liquor, the fifth product solution and the second alkali liquor are mixed to obtain new second alkali liquor, partial nitrogen oxides can be removed by using the new second alkali liquor, and a specific chemical reaction equation is as follows:
NO+NaClO→NO 2 +NaCl
2NO 2 +2NaOH→NaNO 3 +NaNO 2 +H 2 O
NaNO 2 +NaClO→NaNO 3 +NaCl
it should be noted that hypochlorite has a certain removal effect on nitrogen oxides, and the sodium carbonate solution can be used as a buffer solution, so that the hypochlorite can maintain stable denitration efficiency for a long time.
In some embodiments, the fifth lye is a solution of sodium hydroxide and/or potassium hydroxide, etc., and the specific composition of the fifth lye is not limited herein.
In some embodiments, the hypochlorite is sodium hypochlorite and/or potassium hypochlorite, and the specific composition of the hypochlorite is not limited herein.
To further achieve the recycling effect, in some embodiments, after step 104, the method may further include:
mixing the third product solution with the calcium hydroxide solution to obtain calcium carbonate precipitate and fifth alkali liquor; wherein, the parts of the fifth alkali liquor except the gas-liquid reaction with chlorine are used for respectively mixing with the first alkali liquor and the second alkali liquor.
In this embodiment, the source of the fifth lye may be obtained by mixing the third product solution and the calcium hydroxide solution, so that not only the purpose of decarbonization (i.e. obtaining calcium carbonate precipitate) but also the output of fresh lye can be achieved, that is, a part of the output fifth lye is used for reacting with chlorine, a part of the output fifth lye is used for being introduced into the first lye to provide fresh lye for the first lye, and a part of the output fifth lye is used for being introduced into the second lye to provide fresh lye for the second lye, which is more economical and environment-friendly.
The specific chemical reaction equation is as follows:
Na 2 CO 3 +Ca(OH) 2 →CaCO 3 ↓+2NaOH
NaHCO 3 +Ca(OH) 2 →CaCO 3 ↓+NaOH+H 2 O
it should be noted that, the above specific chemical reaction equations are all examples using the metal cations in the alkali solution as sodium ions, and may also include potassium ions, which are not described herein.
As shown in fig. 2, another embodiment of the present invention further provides a method for treating solid waste incineration flue gas, which includes the following steps:
step 200, carrying out gas-liquid reaction on solid waste incineration flue gas and first alkali liquor to obtain a first product solution and first mixed gas;
step 202, mixing the first product solution and the calcium hydroxide solution to obtain calcium sulfite precipitation and fourth alkali liquor;
step 204, mixing the fourth alkali liquor and the first alkali liquor to obtain new first alkali liquor;
step 206, mixing the first product solution with an ash water washing solution of the solid waste incineration power plant to obtain a calcium sulfate precipitate, a calcium sulfite precipitate and a second product solution;
step 208, performing gas-liquid reaction on the first mixed gas and the second alkali solution to obtain a third product solution and a second mixed gas;
step 210, mixing the carbonate solution included in the second product solution and the third product solution to obtain a calcium carbonate precipitate and a fourth product solution;
step 212, electrolyzing the fourth product solution to obtain hydrogen, chlorine, oxygen and third alkali liquor;
step 214, performing gas-liquid reaction on chlorine and a fifth alkali liquor to obtain a fifth product solution;
step 216, mixing the third alkali liquor, the fifth product solution and the second alkali liquor to obtain a new second alkali liquor;
step 218, mixing the third product solution with the calcium hydroxide solution to obtain a calcium carbonate precipitate and a fifth alkali liquor.
As shown in fig. 3, the embodiment of the present invention further provides a system for treating solid waste incineration flue gas, where the system includes a first reaction device 300, a second reaction device 302, a third reaction device 304, a fourth reaction device 306, and an electrolysis device 308, where the first reaction device 300 is connected to the second reaction device 302 and the third reaction device 304, and the fourth reaction device 306 is connected to the second reaction device 302, the third reaction device 304, and the electrolysis device 308, respectively;
the first reaction device 300 is used for performing gas-liquid reaction on the solid waste incineration flue gas and the first alkali liquor to obtain a first product solution and a first mixed gas; wherein the flue gas comprises sulfur trioxide, sulfur dioxide, hydrogen chloride, carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides, oxygen and nitrogen, the metal cations in the first alkali liquor comprise sodium ions and/or potassium ions, the first product solution comprises sulfite, bisulfite, sulfate and first chloride, and the first mixed gas comprises carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides and nitrogen;
the second reaction device 302 is configured to perform a gas-liquid reaction on the first mixed gas and the second alkali solution to obtain a third product solution and a second mixed gas; wherein the metal cations in the second alkali liquor comprise sodium ions and/or potassium ions, the third product solution comprises a carbonate solution, a bicarbonate solution and a nitrate solution, the second mixed gas comprises carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides and nitrogen, the carbon dioxide content of the second mixed gas is lower than that of the first mixed gas, and the nitrogen oxide content of the second mixed gas is lower than that of the first mixed gas;
the third reaction device 304 is configured to mix the first product solution with a water-washing solution of ash in the solid waste incineration power plant to obtain a calcium sulfate precipitate, a calcium sulfite precipitate, and a second product solution; wherein the ash water washing solution comprises calcium chloride, the second product solution comprises second chloride salt, and the second chloride salt at least comprises calcium chloride compared with the first chloride salt;
a fourth reaction device 306 for mixing the second product solution and the carbonate solution included in the third product solution to obtain a calcium carbonate precipitate and a fourth product solution; wherein the fourth product solution comprises a third chloride salt, and the third chloride salt does not contain calcium ions;
an electrolysis device 308 for electrolyzing the fourth product solution to obtain hydrogen, chlorine, oxygen and a third alkali solution; wherein, the metal cations in the third alkali liquor comprise sodium ions and/or potassium ions.
As shown in fig. 4, in one embodiment of the present invention, the system further includes a fifth reaction device 310, and the fifth reaction device 310 is connected to the first reaction device 300;
a fifth reaction device 310 for mixing the first product solution with the calcium hydroxide solution to obtain a calcium sulfite precipitate and a fourth alkaline solution; wherein, the metal cations in the fourth alkali liquor comprise sodium ions and/or potassium ions; and mixing the fourth alkali liquor with the first alkali liquor to obtain a new first alkali liquor.
As shown in fig. 4, in one embodiment of the present invention, the system further includes a pH detecting device 312, where the pH detecting device 312 is connected to the second reaction device 302;
a pH detecting means 312 for detecting the pH of the third product solution for mixing with the second product solution;
if the pH is greater than 12, mixing the third product solution and the second product solution;
if the pH value is more than 8 and less than 12, the third product solution and the alkali liquor are mixed so that hydroxyl ions in the alkali liquor and bicarbonate ions in the third product solution react to obtain carbonate ions, and the mixed solution and the second product solution are mixed.
As shown in FIG. 4, in one embodiment of the present invention, the system further comprises a sixth reaction device 314, the sixth reaction device 314 being connected to the electrolysis device 308 and the second reaction device 302, respectively;
a sixth reaction device 314 for performing a gas-liquid reaction between chlorine and the fifth alkali solution to obtain a fifth product solution; wherein the metal cations in the fifth alkaline solution comprise sodium ions and/or potassium ions, and the fifth product solution comprises fourth chloride salt and hypochlorite salt; and mixing the third alkali liquor, the fifth product solution and the second alkali liquor to obtain a new second alkali liquor.
As shown in fig. 4, in one embodiment of the present invention, the system further includes a seventh reaction device 316, where the seventh reaction device 316 is connected to the first reaction device 300, the second reaction device 302, and the sixth reaction device 314, respectively;
seventh reaction means 316 for mixing the third product solution with the calcium hydroxide solution to obtain a calcium carbonate precipitate and a fifth lye; wherein, the parts of the fifth alkali liquor except the gas-liquid reaction with chlorine are used for respectively mixing with the first alkali liquor and the second alkali liquor.
It should be noted that, the system for treating the solid waste incineration flue gas and the method for treating the solid waste incineration flue gas have the same inventive concept, so that the system and the method have the same beneficial effects. The beneficial effects of each embodiment in the system for treating the solid waste incineration flue gas will not be described herein, and please refer to the related description of the method for treating the solid waste incineration flue gas.
It is noted that relational terms such as first and second, and the like, are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one …" does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in a process, method, article or apparatus that comprises the element.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and are not limiting; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The method for treating the solid waste incineration flue gas is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
carrying out gas-liquid reaction on the solid waste incineration flue gas and the first alkali liquor to obtain a first product solution and a first mixed gas; wherein the solid waste incineration flue gas comprises sulfur trioxide, sulfur dioxide, hydrogen chloride, carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides, oxygen and nitrogen, the metal cations in the first alkali liquor comprise sodium ions and/or potassium ions, the first product solution comprises sulfite, bisulfite, sulfate and first chloride, and the first mixed gas comprises carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides and nitrogen;
mixing the first product solution with an ash water washing solution of a solid waste incineration power plant to obtain a calcium sulfate precipitate, a calcium sulfite precipitate and a second product solution; wherein the ash water wash solution comprises calcium chloride, the second product solution comprises a second chloride salt, and the second chloride salt comprises at least calcium chloride compared with the first chloride salt;
carrying out gas-liquid reaction on the first mixed gas and the second alkali solution to obtain a third product solution and a second mixed gas; wherein the metal cations in the second alkali liquor comprise sodium ions and/or potassium ions, the third product solution comprises a carbonate solution, a bicarbonate solution and a nitrate solution, the second mixed gas comprises carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides and nitrogen, the carbon dioxide content of the second mixed gas is lower than that of the first mixed gas, and the nitrogen oxide content of the second mixed gas is lower than that of the first mixed gas;
mixing the carbonate solution contained in the second product solution and the third product solution to obtain calcium carbonate precipitate and a fourth product solution; wherein the fourth product solution comprises a third chloride salt, wherein the third chloride salt does not contain calcium ions;
electrolyzing the fourth product solution to obtain hydrogen, chlorine, oxygen and third alkali liquor; wherein, the metal cations in the third alkali liquor comprise sodium ions and/or potassium ions.
2. The method of claim 1, further comprising, after said obtaining the first product solution and the first mixture:
mixing the first product solution with a calcium hydroxide solution to obtain a calcium sulfite precipitate and a fourth alkali liquor; wherein, the metal cations in the fourth alkali liquor comprise sodium ions and/or potassium ions;
and mixing the fourth alkali liquor with the first alkali liquor to obtain a new first alkali liquor.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the mixing the carbonate solution comprised by the second product solution and the third product solution comprises:
detecting the pH of the third product solution for mixing with the second product solution;
if the pH is greater than 12, mixing the third product solution and the second product solution;
if the pH value is more than 8 and less than 12, mixing the third product solution with alkali liquor so as to enable hydroxyl ions in the alkali liquor and bicarbonate ions in the third product solution to react to obtain carbonate ions, and mixing the mixed solution with the second product solution.
4. The method of claim 1, further comprising, after said subjecting said fourth product solution to electrolysis:
carrying out gas-liquid reaction on the chlorine and the fifth alkali liquor to obtain a fifth product solution; wherein the metal cations in the fifth lye comprise sodium ions and/or potassium ions and the fifth product solution comprises a fourth chloride salt and a hypochlorite salt;
and mixing the third alkali liquor, the fifth product solution and the second alkali liquor to obtain a new second alkali liquor.
5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising, after the subjecting the first mixed gas and the second alkali liquid to the gas-liquid reaction:
mixing the third product solution with a calcium hydroxide solution to obtain a calcium carbonate precipitate and the fifth alkali liquor; wherein, the parts of the fifth alkali liquor except the chlorine gas which is subjected to gas-liquid reaction are used for respectively mixing with the first alkali liquor and the second alkali liquor.
6. A treatment system of solid waste incineration flue gas, which is characterized by comprising a first reaction device (300), a second reaction device (302), a third reaction device (304), a fourth reaction device (306) and an electrolysis device (308), wherein the first reaction device (300) is respectively connected with the second reaction device (302) and the third reaction device (304), and the fourth reaction device (306) is respectively connected with the second reaction device (302), the third reaction device (304) and the electrolysis device (308);
the first reaction device (300) is used for carrying out gas-liquid reaction on the solid waste incineration flue gas and the first alkali liquor to obtain a first product solution and a first mixed gas; wherein the solid waste incineration flue gas comprises sulfur trioxide, sulfur dioxide, hydrogen chloride, carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides, oxygen and nitrogen, the metal cations in the first alkali liquor comprise sodium ions and/or potassium ions, the first product solution comprises sulfite, bisulfite, sulfate and first chloride, and the first mixed gas comprises carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides and nitrogen;
the second reaction device (302) is used for performing gas-liquid reaction on the first mixed gas and the second alkali solution to obtain a third product solution and a second mixed gas; wherein the metal cations in the second alkali liquor comprise sodium ions and/or potassium ions, the third product solution comprises a carbonate solution, a bicarbonate solution and a nitrate solution, the second mixed gas comprises carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides and nitrogen, the carbon dioxide content of the second mixed gas is lower than that of the first mixed gas, and the nitrogen oxide content of the second mixed gas is lower than that of the first mixed gas;
the third reaction device (304) is used for mixing the first product solution and an ash water washing solution of the solid waste incineration power plant to obtain a calcium sulfate precipitate, a calcium sulfite precipitate and a second product solution; wherein the ash water wash solution comprises calcium chloride, the second product solution comprises a second chloride salt, and the second chloride salt comprises at least calcium chloride compared with the first chloride salt;
-said fourth reaction means (306) for mixing said second product solution with a carbonate solution comprised by said third product solution to obtain a calcium carbonate precipitate and a fourth product solution; wherein the fourth product solution comprises a third chloride salt, wherein the third chloride salt does not contain calcium ions;
the electrolysis device (308) is used for electrolyzing the fourth product solution to obtain hydrogen, chlorine, oxygen and third alkali liquor; wherein, the metal cations in the third alkali liquor comprise sodium ions and/or potassium ions.
7. The system of claim 6, further comprising a fifth reaction device (310), the fifth reaction device (310) being coupled to the first reaction device (300);
the fifth reaction device (310) is used for mixing the first product solution and the calcium hydroxide solution to obtain calcium sulfite precipitation and fourth alkali liquor; wherein, the metal cations in the fourth alkali liquor comprise sodium ions and/or potassium ions; and mixing the fourth alkali liquor with the first alkali liquor to obtain a new first alkali liquor.
8. The system of claim 6, further comprising a pH detection device (312), the pH detection device (312) being coupled to the second reaction device (302);
-said pH detection means (312) for detecting the pH of said third product solution for mixing with said second product solution;
if the pH is greater than 12, mixing the third product solution and the second product solution;
if the pH value is more than 8 and less than 12, mixing the third product solution with alkali liquor so as to enable hydroxyl ions in the alkali liquor and bicarbonate ions in the third product solution to react to obtain carbonate ions, and mixing the mixed solution with the second product solution.
9. The system of claim 6, further comprising a sixth reaction device (314), the sixth reaction device (314) being connected to the electrolysis device (308) and the second reaction device (302), respectively;
the sixth reaction device (314) is used for performing gas-liquid reaction on the chlorine and the fifth alkali liquor to obtain a fifth product solution; wherein the metal cations in the fifth lye comprise sodium ions and/or potassium ions and the fifth product solution comprises a fourth chloride salt and a hypochlorite salt; and mixing the third alkali liquor, the fifth product solution and the second alkali liquor to obtain a new second alkali liquor.
10. The system of any of claims 6-9, further comprising a seventh reaction device (316), the seventh reaction device (316) being connected to the first reaction device (300), the second reaction device (302), and the sixth reaction device (314), respectively;
the seventh reaction device (316) is configured to mix the third product solution with a calcium hydroxide solution to obtain a calcium carbonate precipitate and the fifth alkaline solution; wherein, the parts of the fifth alkali liquor except the chlorine gas which is subjected to gas-liquid reaction are used for respectively mixing with the first alkali liquor and the second alkali liquor.
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