CN115154334A - 一种含有抗衰活性物纳米脂质体制剂的制备工艺 - Google Patents

一种含有抗衰活性物纳米脂质体制剂的制备工艺 Download PDF

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CN115154334A
CN115154334A CN202210911356.5A CN202210911356A CN115154334A CN 115154334 A CN115154334 A CN 115154334A CN 202210911356 A CN202210911356 A CN 202210911356A CN 115154334 A CN115154334 A CN 115154334A
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stirring
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李易兴
邓正贵
孟万敏
黄俊波
欧艳红
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Guangzhou Xizi Cosmetics Technology Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种含有抗衰活性物纳米脂质体制剂的制备工艺,包括以下步骤:步骤1、将油相原料投入真空均质搅拌锅,保温搅拌,直至溶解均匀;步骤2、将水相原料投入搅拌锅,保温搅拌,直至溶解均匀;步骤3、将水相原料缓慢分5等份抽入真空均质锅中,混合均匀;步骤4、停止加热,降温过滤出料。步骤5、将所制得的抗衰活性物纳米脂质体完全密封,储存于室温,静置备用。本发明保证了活性物包埋粒径,使包埋粒径更小、生物利用率更高、热稳定性好。同时,对生产操作人员的要求相对简单,设备也要求不高,控制条件容易实现,易于进行稳定生产,能够满足生产的成本要求。

Description

一种含有抗衰活性物纳米脂质体制剂的制备工艺
技术领域
本发明属于化妆品的技术领域,具体涉及一种含有抗衰活性物纳米脂质体制剂的制备工艺。
背景技术
常见的乳液一般为不互溶的两相-水相和油相,在乳化剂、温度以及剪切力的相互作用下改变表面张力从而形成微小的包囊/液滴。其中最为常见的是:油包水(W/O)乳液、水包油(O/W)乳液。这种单重包裹的乳液,也称之为传统乳液/常规乳液/巨型乳液,活性物粗分散于液滴之中,乳液的液滴半径在300nm到100μm之间。单重乳化体系是动力学不稳定的,也就是说,分散的油相和水相要比乳液本身具有更低的自由能。由于液滴半径大,双磷脂层薄膜在热力或者动力干扰下容易破裂,例如在高温或者摇晃过程中,传统乳液会出现破乳或者分层的情况且这种破乳分层是不可逆的。
更稳定的双重或多重乳液在近三十年间陆续应用于制药、食品、化妆品等多个领域。其体系中存在着多重的、复杂的包裹结构,其中较为普遍的有:水包油包水(W/O/W)型或油包水包油(O/W/O)型等。目前市面上也有叫少数的硅包油包水(Si/O/W)、硅包油包硅(Si/O/Si)等新型多重乳液,但由于其技术尚处于萌芽初期,成熟度以及经济性尚缺,因此较少企业将该技术正式投入批生产过程。
微乳/纳米脂质体与传统乳液相比,一些胶体分散体系由于其相比于传统乳液大大减小的粒径而有着更好的物理化学稳定性和生物可利用率。纳米脂质体液的液滴粒径一般在20-300nm之间,且粒径分布较为狭窄。纳米脂质体是将活性物通过高速剪切,让活性物、水、油、乳化剂充分混合并包埋,从而制得透明或者半透明的热力学稳定向同性液。纳米脂质体既亲水又亲油的性质使得其以后可以加入后续其他剂型,使得不溶于水或者不溶于油的活性物具备溶解性,是一种比较理想的活性物中间体。
现有的微乳/纳米脂质体制备大多依赖于通过瞬间爆发极高的剪切动能,从而使得大的液滴破裂并重新凝结成更细小的液滴。因此,大多是通过机械挤压、挤出的物理化学机制达成;例如高压均质法微射流注入法超声乳化包埋法和薄膜挤压法。
超声乳化法是采用超声装置,利用超声波作用使得体系内的不相溶液体粉碎并分散均匀,与周围液体形成乳状液的方法。超声乳化法在降低粒径方面具有显著作用,但是其受到超声传递过程中能耗损失的因素影响,其只能应用于实验室研究(批产量1-10KG),所以在量产方面受到限制。
高压均质是在高压下,物料受到强烈的剪切力和压力而达到破碎和乳化效果。高压均质机能够在短时间内提供体系所需的能量,并得到常规属性的纳米脂质体
微射流乳化法采用微射流高压均质设备,制备的乳液粒径通常在200nm以下且分布集中、重复性强。相较于超声乳化法和高压均质法,微射流乳化法可以连续生产,因此其产量较为可观。
相转变温度法(PIT法)是基于非离子表面活性剂的分子几何特点随温度的变化而改变的方法。在含有水-油-表面活性剂的三元体系中,当体系的温度升高至相转变温度时,表面活性剂的自发曲率接近于0,此时的表面张力最低,然后瞬间冷却体系,即得到粒径较小的纳米脂质体液。在低温时,表面活性剂自发曲率为大的正值,因此有利于形成稳定的水包油(O/W)乳液;在高温度时,表面活性剂自发曲率为大的负值,因此有利于形成稳定的油包水(W/O)乳液。
然而,高压均质设备较为昂贵、产能受限、且能耗较大;目前更适用于中试阶段(批产量10-30KG),所以在量产方面受到限制。微射流乳化法所设计的微射流喷嘴挤出率以及流速受限,增加微射流喷嘴则需要涉及到较高的设备投入以及后续维护、维修、保养费用。因此其适用于量产,但是量产成本相对较高。相转变温度法对于操作人员要求较高,需要操作人员在过程中良好的把握控制加热时间以及冷却时间。
总之,目前的生产工艺对于操作人员要求较高,且设备投入高,致使生产成本高,难以满足实际生产的需求。
发明内容
为解决上述问题,本发明的首要目的在于提供一种含有抗衰活性物纳米脂质体制剂的制备工艺,该工艺通过两步法的工艺路线制备,所需要涉及的设备均为常规的乳化均质设备,该工艺路线的设计对于操作人员要求不高,生产成本低,控制条件容易实现,易于进行稳定生产。
本发明的另一目的在于提供一种含有抗衰活性物纳米脂质体制剂的制备工艺,该工艺将多种抗衰活性物预均质成为纳米脂质体,然后将包裹了活性物的纳米脂质体通过二次均质,并结合反相均质法制得活性物包埋粒径更小、生物利用率更高、热稳定性更好的多重结构液晶乳化面霜。
为实现上述目的,本发明的技术方案如下。
一种含有抗衰活性物纳米脂质体制剂的制备工艺,包括以下步骤:
步骤1、将油相原料投入真空均质搅拌锅,升温至80-90℃,保温搅拌,直至溶解均匀;
步骤2、将水相原料投入搅拌锅,升温至80-90℃,保温搅拌,直至溶解均匀;
步骤3、将水相原料以0.5~0.6L/hr的流速分5等份抽入真空均质设备中,每次抽入水相料体后均质时间为5分钟,期间保持缓慢搅拌以确保设备内壁料体完全刮下并混合均匀;分次且缓慢将水相与油相混合是保证纳米脂质体的生成关键。
本发明将油水大粒径分子,在均质分散设备的作用下,被均匀剪切和包裹成20-80纳米级别的脂质体小微粒,本发明分多次加入水相分散相,是为了充分保证均质分散的效果和粒径大小,同时形成的脂质体微乳液稳定性较高,输出产品的保质期和稳定性更好。
步骤4、停止加热,缓慢(在20rpm的速度下)搅拌30分钟以上,降温过滤出料。
步骤5、将所制得的抗衰活性物纳米脂质体完全密封,储存于室温25℃,静置备用。
本发明中,首先将油相和水相各种溶解均匀,以便于后续的反应,经过长时间(1天的溶解时间)溶解,能够使水相和油相的溶解均匀,有利于后续包埋粒径的减少,然后通过控制反应速度,使反应能够准确缓慢地进行,从而保证了活性物包埋粒径,使包埋粒径更小、生物利用率更高、热稳定性好。特别地,本发明通过时间换取控制条件的相对宽松,使得操作人员的要求相对简单,设备也要求不高,控制条件容易实现,易于进行稳定生产,能够满足生产的成本要求。
所述步骤1中,升温至85℃,保温搅拌30分钟以上,直至溶解均匀。
所述步骤2中,升温至85℃,保温搅拌15分钟以上,直至溶解均匀。
所述步骤3中,温度保持在80-90℃。
所述步骤3中,优选采用多级连续乳化均质泵或者高压微射流均质泵注入真空均质锅中,以控制水相注入速度。
所述步骤4中,在降温搅拌过程中还可加入辅助制剂,混合均匀后,降温过滤出料。
所述步骤5中,静置等待5天,检验合格放行。
本发明通过两步法的工艺路线涉及到分段生产,因此生产所需时间相较于制备传统乳液时间较长。其中,步骤1-步骤2为预均质时间,通常为1天,步骤3、4为乳液的制备,通常乳化1天,步骤5为静置时间,静置待检放行5天,这样,分段制备法所需时间则为预均质1天,乳化1天,静置待检放行5天,合计7天时间。
本发明的有益效果是:
本发明将油相和水相各种溶解均匀,然后通过控制反应速度,使反应能够准确缓慢地进行,从而保证了活性物包埋粒径,使包埋粒径更小、生物利用率更高、热稳定性好。同时,对生产操作人员的要求相对简单,设备也要求不高,控制条件容易实现,易于进行稳定生产,能够满足生产的成本要求。
而且,本发明所实现的通过预制备抗衰活性物纳米脂质体,可以减小活性物包裹粒径,提高乳液稳定性,让活性物。在后续制备膏霜过程中可以同时将亲水活性物以及亲油活性物进行二次包埋,从而提高活性物包埋率,促进产品更好的渗透以及吸收。
同时,多次加入水相分散相,是为了充分保证均质分散的效果和粒径大小,同时形成的脂质体微乳液稳定性较高,输出产品的保质期和稳定性更好。
附图说明
图1是本发明所实现的工艺原理示意图。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白,以下结合附图及实施例,对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解,此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明,并不用于限定本发明。
结合图1所示,本发明所实现的含有抗衰活性物纳米脂质体制剂的制备工艺,包括以下步骤:
步骤1、将油相原料投入真空均质搅拌锅,升温至85℃,保温搅拌30分钟以上,直至溶解均匀;
步骤2、将水相原料投入搅拌锅,升温至85℃,保温搅拌15分钟以上,直至溶解均匀;
步骤3、将水相原料缓慢匀速(0.5-0.6L/hr)分5等份抽入真空均质设备中,每次抽入水相料体后均质时间为5分钟,期间保持缓慢搅拌以确保设备内壁料体完全刮下并混合均匀;分次且缓慢将水相与油相混合是保证纳米脂质体的生成关键。本发明采用德国IKA常压高速均质分散机作为核心设备,油水大粒径分子,在均质分散设备的作用下,被均匀剪切和包裹成20-80纳米级别的脂质体小微粒,本发明分多次加入水相分散相,是为了充分保证均质分散的效果和粒径大小,同时形成的脂质体微乳液稳定性较高,输出产品的保质期和稳定性更好。
步骤4、停止加热,缓慢搅拌30分钟以上,降温过滤出料。
步骤5、将所制得的抗衰活性物纳米脂质体完全密封,储存于室温25℃,静置备用。
具体地说,本发明的具体应用如下:
实施例1。
Figure BDA0003774061920000061
应用1制得的抗衰活性物纳米脂质体可以应用于多个方面,例如制作面霜、乳液、精华素、柔肤水等,如下面的实施例所示。
实施例2。
Figure BDA0003774061920000062
Figure BDA0003774061920000071
实施例3。
Figure BDA0003774061920000072
实施例4。
Figure BDA0003774061920000073
Figure BDA0003774061920000081
实施例5。
Figure BDA0003774061920000082
1、功效性评价实验
测试方法:乳酸刺痛评估实验
乳酸刺痛评估 第0天 第7天 第14天 第28天
均值(39人) 2.51 2.15 1.49 0.92
变化率(使用后-使用前)/使用前 / -142857 -309524 -379310
P值(pvalue) / 0.025574 0.000065 0.000185
差异性分析(与使用前对比) / 有显著性差异 有显著性差异 有显著性差异
该配方共招募测试人数40人,完成测试人数40人。招募消费者肤质类型100%为东亚人皮肤、年龄段在30~45岁之间。本测试通过测量40名健康受试者在使用测试样品(样品为应用2:多重脂质体面霜的制备所获得的面霜)前后的乳酸刺痛评价以及主观功效评价,验证送检样品在舒缓、温和不刺激等方面的功效宣称。与使用样品前相比,39名受试者在使用样品第7天后,乳酸刺痛评分值降低了14.28%,P=0.025574<0.05,结果有显著性差异;与使用样品前相比,39名受试者在使用样品14天后,乳酸刺痛评分值降低了30.95%,P=0.000065<0.05,结果有显著性差异;与使用样品前相比,39名受试者在使用样品28天后,乳酸刺痛评分值降低了437.3%,P=0.000185<0.05,结果有显著性差异。
2、HET-CAM试验。
测试方法:体外眼刺激试验HET-CAM试验
实验标准:SN/T 2329-2009
取0.3g受试样品样品为应用2:多重脂质体面霜的制备所获得的面霜)均匀覆盖于CAM膜上使受试物与CAM膜直接接触,确保至少50%的CAM表面被受试物覆盖。作用3min后,用生理盐水轻轻冲洗CAM膜上的受试物,冲洗操作可能很快将CAM膜上轻度的出血变化掩盖,因此应在30s冲洗完成后观察结果,观察每种毒性效应变化的程度。每个样品做6枚有效鸡胚。采用终点评价法进行的试验,应计算终点评分(ES),每只鸡胚记分=每只鸡胚观察到的出血、凝血和血管融解程度的和;ES=6只鸡胚得分的数学总和。根据ES数值按以下标准对受试物眼刺激性进行分类。ES≤12,无/轻刺激性;12<ES<16,中度刺激性;ES≥16,强刺激性/腐蚀性。所测得6只鸡胚综合ES得分的综合为4,改样品眼刺激性分级为无/轻刺激性。
总之,本发明所实现的通过预制备抗衰活性物纳米脂质体,可以减小活性物包裹粒径,提高乳液稳定性,让活性物。在后续制备膏霜过程中可以同时将亲水活性物以及亲油活性物进行二次包埋,从而提高活性物包埋率,促进产品更好的渗透以及吸收。
多重包埋的结构将活性物包裹于纳米脂质体中,可以减少活性物在渗透过程中的损失,让活性物更好的直达肌底,且在吸收过程中达到持续缓释的效果,从而确保产品得以更好的吸收。纳米脂质体的包裹体通过包埋缓释的原理,低剂量、低浓度、长时间的释放,可以降低部份功效型活性物的刺激性。
相比于传统的油包水型封闭面霜,通过转相乳化技术,可以达到先清爽后滋润的肤感,适合多种肤质人群使用。让用户从一开始的水包油乳化体肤感慢慢过渡至油包水乳化体肤感的特使用体验,它可以让我们在同一款产品中依次体验到两种截然不同的肤感。刚涂抹时,清润的化水感从指尖绽放,迅速铺满肌肤表层,渐渐地,油润感开始大肆侵染清爽感,肤感逐渐升华,最终转变成奢华的滋润感。
通过转相技术可以让皮肤表面形成保护性油膜,在油膜的保护下,使活性成分更好地封锁在肌肤内,外界污染及刺激性成分更好地被隔离在油膜之外。因此转相霜具有更加长效保湿、长效护理的作用,同时可以增强皮肤对外界伤害的高防护性能。
以上仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已,并不用以限制本发明,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (9)

1.一种含有抗衰活性物纳米脂质体制剂的制备工艺,其特征在于包括以下步骤:
步骤1、将油相原料投入真空均质搅拌锅,升温至80-90℃,保温搅拌,直至溶解均匀;
步骤2、将水相原料投入搅拌锅,升温至80-90℃,保温搅拌,直至溶解均匀;
步骤3、将水相原料缓慢分5等份抽入真空均质设备中,每次抽入水相料体后均质时间为5分钟,期间保持缓慢搅拌以确保设备内壁料体完全刮下并混合均匀;
步骤4、停止加热,缓慢搅拌30分钟以上,降温过滤出料;
步骤5、将所制得的抗衰活性物纳米脂质体完全密封,储存于室温25℃,静置备用。
2.如权利要求1所述的含有抗衰活性物纳米脂质体制剂的制备工艺,其特征在于所述步骤1中,升温至85℃,保温搅拌30分钟以上,直至溶解均匀。
3.如权利要求1所述的含有抗衰活性物纳米脂质体制剂的制备工艺,其特征在于所述步骤2中,升温至85℃,保温搅拌15分钟以上,直至溶解均匀。
4.如权利要求1所述的含有抗衰活性物纳米脂质体制剂的制备工艺,其特征在于所述步骤3中,温度保持在80-90℃。
5.如权利要求4所述的含有抗衰活性物纳米脂质体制剂的制备工艺,其特征在于所述步骤3中,采用多级连续乳化均质泵或者高压微射流均质泵注入真空均质锅中,以控制水相注入速度。
6.如权利要求1所述的含有抗衰活性物纳米脂质体制剂的制备工艺,其特征在于步骤3中,水相原料缓慢分5等份抽入真空均质锅中是指水相原料以0.5~0.6L/hr的流速抽入真空均质锅中。
7.如权利要求1所述的含有抗衰活性物纳米脂质体制剂的制备工艺,其特征在于所述步骤4中,在降温搅拌过程中还可加入辅助制剂,混合均匀后,降温过滤出料。
8.如权利要求1所述的含有抗衰活性物纳米脂质体制剂的制备工艺,其特征在于缓慢搅拌30分钟以上,是指在20rpm的速度下,搅拌30分钟以上。
9.如权利要求1所述的含有抗衰活性物纳米脂质体制剂的制备工艺,其特征在于所述步骤5中,静置等待5天,检验合格放行。
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