CN115139861A - Automobile hydrogenation control method and system, whole automobile controller and fuel cell automobile - Google Patents
Automobile hydrogenation control method and system, whole automobile controller and fuel cell automobile Download PDFInfo
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- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 97
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 82
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 378
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 377
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 377
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 86
- 238000003745 diagnosis Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000004590 computer program Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 17
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 5
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- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/30—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling fuel cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04201—Reactant storage and supply, e.g. means for feeding, pipes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/0438—Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow
- H01M8/04425—Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow at auxiliary devices, e.g. reformers, compressors, burners
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04746—Pressure; Flow
- H01M8/04776—Pressure; Flow at auxiliary devices, e.g. reformer, compressor, burner
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2250/00—Fuel cells for particular applications; Specific features of fuel cell system
- H01M2250/20—Fuel cells in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
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Abstract
The invention discloses an automobile hydrogenation control method and system, a vehicle control unit and a fuel cell automobile. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring state data of a hydrogen system, and judging whether the hydrogen system is in a filled state or not according to the state data of the hydrogen system; if the hydrogen system is in a filled state, acquiring the power-on state data of the whole vehicle; and controlling a target execution component to perform pre-safety operation according to the power-on state data of the whole vehicle, and entering a hydrogenation working mode after the pre-safety operation is finished. The invention can ensure the feasibility and the safety of the hydrogenation control operation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fuel cell automobile control, in particular to an automobile hydrogenation control method and system, a vehicle controller and a fuel cell automobile.
Background
Fuel cell vehicles are regarded as an important technical route by many enterprises due to their advantages of long driving distance, environmental protection, and high fueling speed. The hydrogen filling process of the fuel cell automobile is similar to the oil filling process of the traditional fuel oil automobile, a hydrogen storage bottle on the automobile needs to be filled in a short time, namely, hydrogen is transferred to the hydrogen storage bottle of the automobile from a hydrogen storage container of a hydrogenation station in a pressurizing mode in a short time, and a plurality of uncontrollable factors exist in the process, so the hydrogenation safety is an important link for ensuring the safety of the fuel cell automobile.
Currently, there are two nominal pressure ratings for hydrogen systems of fuel cell vehicles: 70MPa and 35MPa, in order to ensure the safety of the hydrogenation process, the domestic 70MPa hydrogen system is generally provided with an infrared communication device, when in hydrogenation, an automobile and a hydrogenation station carry out information interaction through infrared signals, information such as the pressure and the temperature of the hydrogen system, whether hydrogenation is allowed and the like is transmitted to the hydrogenation station, and a control system of the hydrogenation station judges corresponding filling control according to the information. The 35MPa hydrogen system is not provided with an infrared communication device generally, and the hydrogenation process belongs to 'blind addition', namely: the hydrogenation station is not communicated with the fuel cell automobile, a control system of the hydrogenation station cannot know the state of the automobile, and only part of information can be indirectly acquired through a control strategy of a station end so as to judge whether conditions are met to receive hydrogenation control operation.
In addition, if only one of the fuel cell vehicle and the hydrogen station is equipped with an infrared communication device, the method also belongs to the form of the blind addition. In addition, abnormal operation occurs in the hydrogenation process of the vehicle, when no communication hydrogenation is performed, the high-risk conditions that the vehicle is in a high-pressure state and the like cannot be known by a control system of the hydrogenation station, if hydrogen leaks at the moment, electric sparks generated when an electric component with high pressure works can detonate the hydrogen, so that great potential safety hazards exist, and when the hydrogen is filled, the hydrogen system is in a hydrogen supply state, and the parts of the hydrogen system can be caused to break down.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an automobile hydrogenation control method, an automobile hydrogenation control system, a vehicle controller and a fuel cell automobile, which are used for enhancing the safety guarantee in a non-communication hydrogenation process.
The invention provides an automobile hydrogenation control method, which comprises the following steps:
acquiring hydrogen system state data, and judging whether the hydrogen system is in a filled state or not according to the hydrogen system state data;
if the hydrogen system is in the filled state, acquiring the power-on state data of the whole vehicle;
and controlling a target execution component to perform pre-safety operation according to the power-on state data of the whole vehicle, and entering a hydrogenation working mode after the pre-safety operation is finished.
Preferably, the acquiring the hydrogen system state data and determining whether the hydrogen system is in a charged state according to the hydrogen system state data includes:
acquiring the residual capacity of the hydrogen bottle at the current moment and the residual capacity of the hydrogen bottle at the previous moment;
calculating the capacity change rate at the current moment according to the residual capacity of the hydrogen bottle at the current moment and the residual capacity of the hydrogen bottle at the previous moment;
and if the capacity change rate is larger than the capacity change threshold value, the hydrogen system is determined to be in a filled state.
Preferably, the acquiring the hydrogen system state data and determining whether the hydrogen system is in a charged state according to the hydrogen system state data includes:
acquiring the residual capacity and pressure of the hydrogen bottle at the current moment and the residual capacity and pressure of the hydrogen bottle at the previous moment;
calculating the capacity change rate at the current moment according to the residual capacity of the hydrogen bottle at the current moment and the residual capacity of the hydrogen bottle at the previous moment;
calculating the pressure change rate at the current moment according to the pressure of the hydrogen bottle at the current moment and the pressure of the hydrogen bottle at the previous moment;
and if the volume change rate is greater than a volume change threshold and the pressure change rate is greater than a pressure change threshold, determining that the hydrogen system is in a filled state.
Preferably, the vehicle power-on state data includes a current working state of the fuel cell system; according to the whole vehicle power-on state data, a target execution component is controlled to carry out preposed safe operation, and the method comprises the following steps:
if the current working state of the fuel cell system is a working state, controlling the fuel cell system to shut down, sending a power-off instruction to a battery management system, and controlling a high-voltage relay to be switched off;
and if the current working state of the fuel cell system is a working stop state, sending a power-off instruction to the battery management system, and controlling the high-voltage relay to be switched off.
Preferably, if the hydrogen system is in a charged state, acquiring vehicle power-on state data includes:
if the hydrogen system is in the filled state, vehicle state data are obtained, and whether the vehicle state data meet the state judgment condition corresponding to the hydrogen system in the filled state or not is judged;
and if the vehicle state data meet the state judgment condition corresponding to the filled state of the hydrogen system, acquiring the power-on state data of the whole vehicle.
Preferably, the obtaining vehicle state data and determining whether the vehicle state data meets a state determination condition corresponding to the hydrogen system being in a charged state includes:
acquiring the speed of the automobile at the current moment;
if the automobile speed is zero, determining that the vehicle state data meets the state judgment condition corresponding to the hydrogen system in the filled state;
and if the automobile speed is not zero, determining that the vehicle state data do not meet the state judgment condition corresponding to the filled state of the hydrogen system.
Preferably, after the determining whether the vehicle state data satisfies the state determination condition corresponding to the hydrogen system being in the charged state, the automobile hydrogen addition control method further includes:
if the vehicle state data do not meet the state judgment condition corresponding to the hydrogen system in the filled state, performing fault diagnosis on a pressure sensor and a temperature sensor on the hydrogen system to obtain a fault diagnosis result;
and executing a target protection strategy according to the fault diagnosis result.
The invention provides a vehicle control unit which comprises a memory, a processor and a computer program stored in the memory and capable of running on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to realize the vehicle hydrogenation control method.
The invention provides an automobile hydrogenation control system, which comprises a vehicle control unit, a hydrogen management system, a vehicle-mounted sensor and a fuel cell system, wherein the hydrogen management system is connected with the vehicle control unit; and the vehicle controller performs hydrogenation control according to the hydrogen system state data acquired by the hydrogen management system, the vehicle state data acquired by the vehicle-mounted sensor and the vehicle power-on state data.
The invention provides a fuel cell automobile which comprises the automobile hydrogenation control system.
According to the automobile hydrogenation control method, the automobile hydrogenation control system, the whole automobile controller and the fuel cell automobile, the rationality of the whole automobile power-on state can be judged only when the hydrogen system state data meet the requirement of being in the filled state, and the target execution part is controlled to carry out preposed safe operation according to the whole automobile power-on state data, so that on one hand, the hydrogen system can be ensured to be in the filled state, and the feasibility of hydrogenation control is ensured; on the other hand, the safety of hydrogenation control operation after entering a hydrogenation working mode can be guaranteed.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required to be used in the description of the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the description below are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive labor.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an automotive hydrotreating control system in accordance with an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a vehicle hydrotreating control process in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is another flow diagram of an automotive hydrotreating control process in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is another flow diagram of an automotive hydrotreating control process in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is another flow chart of a vehicle hydrotreating control process in accordance with one embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 6 is another flow diagram of an automotive hydrotreating control process in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is another flow diagram of an automotive hydrotreating control process in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is another flow chart of a method for automotive hydroprocessing control in accordance with an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 9 is another flow chart of a method for controlling vehicle hydrogen addition in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
According to the automobile hydrogenation control method provided by the embodiment of the invention, the automobile hydrogenation control method can be applied to an application environment shown in figure 1. The automobile hydrogenation control method is applied to an automobile hydrogenation control system, the automobile hydrogenation control system comprises a Vehicle Control Unit (VCU), a hydrogen management system connected with the vehicle control unit, a vehicle-mounted sensor and a fuel cell system, and the automobile hydrogenation control system is used for achieving hydrogenation control and guaranteeing the safety of a hydrogenation process according to hydrogen system state data collected by the hydrogen management system, vehicle state data collected by the vehicle-mounted sensor and vehicle power-on state data.
The hydrogen management system is connected with the hydrogen system and the vehicle control unit and used for collecting hydrogen system state data of a hydrogen storage bottle in the hydrogen system and sending the hydrogen system state data to the vehicle control unit, so that the vehicle control unit guarantees the safety of hydrogenation control according to the hydrogen system state data. As an example, the hydrogen system status data includes, but is not limited to, hydrogen cylinder remaining hydrogen amount and hydrogen cylinder pressure of the hydrogen storage cylinder.
The vehicle-mounted sensor is connected with the vehicle controller and used for collecting vehicle state data, and is used for collecting the vehicle state data and sending the vehicle state data to the vehicle controller, so that the vehicle controller can guarantee the safety of hydrogenation control according to the vehicle state data. As an example, the vehicle state data includes, but is not limited to, vehicle speed.
The fuel cell system is a power generation system including a fuel cell as a core, a fuel supply system, an oxidant supply system, a water/heat management system, a controller, and the like. As an example, the fuel cell system controller is connected to the vehicle controller, and is configured to collect and acquire power-on state data of the vehicle, and send the power-on state data of the vehicle to the vehicle controller, so that the vehicle controller guarantees safety of the hydrogenation control according to the power-on state data of the vehicle.
In an embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the present invention provides an automobile hydrogenation control method, which is described by taking an example that the automobile hydrogenation control method is applied to a vehicle control unit shown in fig. 1, and the method includes the following steps:
s201, acquiring hydrogen system state data, and judging whether the hydrogen system is in a filled state or not according to the hydrogen system state data.
S202: and if the hydrogen system is in the filled state, acquiring the power-on state data of the whole vehicle.
S203: and controlling the target execution component to perform pre-safety operation according to the power-on state data of the whole vehicle, and entering a hydrogenation working mode after the pre-safety operation is finished.
Wherein the hydrogen system state data is data collected in real time to reflect the current state of the hydrogen system.
As an example, in step S201, the hydrogen management system collects hydrogen system state data in real time, and may send the hydrogen system state data to the vehicle control unit, so that the vehicle control unit receives the hydrogen system state data and determines whether the hydrogen system state data meets a hydrogen system charging condition, and if the hydrogen system state data meets the hydrogen system charging condition, the hydrogen system is determined to be in a charged state, so as to execute a subsequent control step, and ensure the safety of the hydrogen charging control.
The hydrogen system filling condition is a preset condition for evaluating whether the hydrogen system state data meets the hydrogenation control.
As another example, in step S201, the hydrogen management system acquires state data of the hydrogen system in real time, and determines whether the state data of the hydrogen system meets a hydrogen system charging condition, and if the state data of the hydrogen system meets the hydrogen system charging condition, the hydrogen system is determined to be in a charged state, and then sends a hydrogen system state determination result to the vehicle controller, so that the vehicle controller determines whether the hydrogen system is in the charged state according to the hydrogen system state determination result, thereby executing a subsequent control step and ensuring the safety of the hydrogen charging control.
Specifically, whether the change of the hydrogen system state data in the unit time meets the hydrogen system charging condition can be determined according to the change condition of the hydrogen system state data collected in the unit time, so that whether the hydrogen system is in a charged state or not is judged. As an example, the hydrogen system filling condition herein may refer to performing a hydrogen filling test after a hydrogen filling plug of a hydrogen filling station is inserted into a hydrogen filling port of a fuel cell vehicle. Generally, when a hydrogen filling test is performed after a hydrogen filling gun of a hydrogen filling station is inserted into a hydrogen filling port of a fuel cell vehicle, it is necessary to evaluate whether a change in collected hydrogen system state data satisfies a hydrogen system filling condition, so as to determine whether a hydrogen system is in a filled state. Understandably, the hydrogenation insertion gun of the hydrogenation station is inserted into the hydrogenation port of the fuel cell automobile, which is the premise of realizing hydrogenation of the fuel cell automobile by the hydrogenation station, thereby ensuring the feasibility of hydrogenation control.
The whole vehicle power-on state data is data which is collected in real time and is used for reflecting the current working state of the fuel cell system. The current operation state includes an in-operation state, which may be understood as a state in which the stack in the fuel cell system is performing an electrochemical reaction, and an out-of-operation state, which may be understood as a state in which the stack in the fuel cell system is not performing an electrochemical reaction.
As an example, in step S202, when the hydrogen system is in the filled state, the vehicle controller needs to acquire the power-on state data of the vehicle in real time, and may specifically determine the current working state of the fuel cell system according to the current state code sent by the controller of the fuel cell system.
As an example, in step S203, the vehicle controller may determine, according to the vehicle power-on state data, a target execution component matched with the vehicle power-on state data, and then control the target execution component to execute a pre-set safety operation to ensure that the fuel cell system is in a shutdown state, the high-voltage relay is in a disconnection state, and the power cell is in a disconnection high-voltage state, and then enter the hydrogenation operating mode to achieve mutual exclusion and uniqueness between the hydrogenation control process and the vehicle high voltage, thereby avoiding a potential safety hazard caused by hydrogen leakage during the hydrogen filling process.
The target execution component refers to a component for executing a pre-safety operation, and for example, the target execution component includes, but is not limited to, a controller of a fuel cell system, a high-voltage relay connected with a power cell, and a battery management system. The pre-safety operation herein refers to an operation performed before the fuel cell vehicle enters the hydrogenation operation mode for securing hydrogenation safety.
As an example, after the pre-safety operation is finished, the hydrogen supply station enters a hydrogen supply operation mode, which may be specifically understood as a process in which the hydrogen station transfers hydrogen to a hydrogen storage bottle of a fuel cell vehicle, and may perform real-time monitoring on current hydrogen supply data such as hydrogen bottle pressure, hydrogen bottle temperature, and hydrogen concentration in the environment in a hydrogen system, and perform safety control according to the current hydrogen supply data monitored in real time. For example, when the hydrogen concentration in the environment is greater than the target concentration threshold, it may be determined that there is a hydrogen leak, and the hydrogen operation mode may be ended in order to ensure safety during the hydrogen filling process.
In the automobile hydrogenation control method provided by the embodiment, the rationality of the whole automobile power-on state is judged only when the hydrogen system state data meets the requirement of being in the charged state, and the target execution component is controlled to perform the preposed safe operation according to the whole automobile power-on state data, so that on one hand, the hydrogen system can be ensured to be in the charged state, and the feasibility of hydrogenation control is ensured; on the other hand, the target execution component can be controlled to execute the preposed safe operation according to the power-on state data of the whole vehicle, so that the safety of the hydrogenation control operation is guaranteed.
In an embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, the step S201 of acquiring the hydrogen system state data and determining whether the hydrogen system is in the filled state according to the hydrogen system state data includes:
s301: and acquiring the residual capacity of the hydrogen bottle at the current moment and the residual capacity of the hydrogen bottle at the previous moment.
S302: and calculating the capacity change rate at the current moment according to the residual capacity of the hydrogen bottle at the current moment and the residual capacity of the hydrogen bottle at the previous moment.
S303: if the rate of change of capacity is greater than the threshold rate of change of capacity, the hydrogen system is deemed to be in a primed state.
The hydrogen cylinder residual capacity is the residual capacity of hydrogen gas in the hydrogen storage cylinder of the hydrogen system. Generally, during the driving of a fuel cell vehicle, hydrogen gas in a hydrogen storage tank is consumed, and therefore, the remaining capacity of the hydrogen tank is reduced. The capacity change rate is a numerical value for calculating the change in capacity in the hydrogen storage bottle in real time. The capacity change threshold is a threshold that is set in advance for evaluating whether the change in capacity of the hydrogen storage cylinder satisfies the hydrogen system charging condition. The capacity change threshold is a threshold set according to the situation of the capacity change during the hydrogen filling test, and is generally set as a positive number.
As an example, in step S301, the hydrogen management system collects the remaining capacity of the hydrogen cylinder at the current time, specifically, performs a correction calculation based on the pressure and temperature of the hydrogen cylinder in the hydrogen system, and determines the remaining capacity of the hydrogen cylinder at the current time. In this example, the remaining capacity of the hydrogen cylinder at the current time may be a capacity value calculated in real time by using a capacity calculation formula according to the pressure of the hydrogen cylinder and the temperature of the hydrogen cylinder, or may be a capacity value latched after the previous work flow is completed. Wherein, hydrogen bottle pressure can be for setting up the pressure that pressure sensor on the pipeline cavity between the cylinder valve of hydrogen storage bottle and relief pressure valve gathered in real time, and when the cylinder valve of hydrogen storage bottle was opened, hydrogen bottle pressure was the internal pressure of hydrogen storage bottle. The hydrogen cylinder temperature may be a temperature collected in real time by a temperature sensor provided on a cylinder valve of the hydrogen storage cylinder. Understandably, the pressure sensor and the temperature sensor are standard configurations of a hydrogen system of a fuel cell automobile, no additional component is needed, and the safety of hydrogenation control can be guaranteed without additionally increasing the cost.
As an example, in step S302, the hydrogen management system or the vehicle control unit may calculate and determine the capacity change rate at the current time according to the remaining capacity of the hydrogen cylinder at the current time and the remaining capacity of the hydrogen cylinder at the previous time. For example, if the remaining capacity of the hydrogen cylinder at the current time is C1 and the remaining capacity of the hydrogen cylinder at the previous time is C0, the rate of change in capacity Vc = (C1-C0)/(T1-T0) at the current time, and T1 and T0 are the current time and the previous time, respectively. Generally, the hydrogen management system collects the residual capacity of the hydrogen bottle once every unit time, and the time difference T1-T0 between the current time and the previous time can be set to 1, so that the capacity change rate Vc is the difference between the residual capacity of the hydrogen bottle at the current time and the residual capacity of the hydrogen bottle at the previous time, namely the value of C1-C0, which helps to simplify the calculation process and improve the processing efficiency.
As an example, in step S303, the hydrogen management system or the vehicle controller may compare the capacity change rate at the current time with a preset capacity change threshold; if the capacity change rate at the current moment is larger than the capacity change threshold, determining that the hydrogen system state data meets the hydrogen system filling condition, namely determining that the hydrogen system is in a filled state; and if the capacity change rate at the current moment is not greater than the capacity change threshold, determining that the hydrogen system state data does not meet the hydrogen system filling condition, namely determining that the hydrogen system is not in a filled state.
Generally, if the hydrogen refueling station implements a standard refueling protocol, a refueling test is required after the refueling cartridge is inserted into the refueling port of the fuel cell vehicle. For example, the hydrogen filling station can adopt a 1-2 pulse mode to carry out filling test, namely filling is suspended for a preset time after about 1-2s of short filling each time, and the residual capacity of the hydrogen bottle is reduced after being temporarily increased and is slightly higher than that of the hydrogen bottle before filling; determining the capacity change rate at the current moment according to the residual capacity of the hydrogen bottle at the current moment and the residual capacity of the hydrogen bottle at the previous moment, and comparing the capacity change rate with a capacity change threshold; if the capacity change rate is larger than the capacity change threshold, the hydrogen system state data is determined to meet the hydrogen system filling condition, the fuel cell automobile is determined to be in a hydrogen filling test state (namely, the hydrogen system is determined to be in a filled state), and at the moment, the hydrogenation insertion gun is inserted into a hydrogenation port of the fuel cell automobile, so that the feasibility of hydrogenation control can be guaranteed.
In the automobile hydrogenation control method provided by this embodiment, a capacity change rate is determined according to the residual capacity of the hydrogen bottle acquired at the current time and the residual capacity of the hydrogen bottle acquired at the previous time, the capacity change rate is compared with a capacity change threshold, and when the capacity change rate is greater than the capacity change threshold, the fuel cell automobile is determined to be in a hydrogen filling test state, that is, a hydrogenation insertion gun of a hydrogenation station is inserted into a hydrogenation port of the fuel cell automobile, so that the fuel cell automobile is in a filled state, and it can be determined that hydrogen system state data meets a hydrogen system filling condition, that is, the hydrogen system is determined to be in a filled state, so as to perform subsequent hydrogenation control operations.
In an embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, the step S201 of acquiring the hydrogen system state data and determining whether the hydrogen system is in the filled state according to the hydrogen system state data includes:
s401: and acquiring the residual capacity and pressure of the hydrogen bottle at the current moment, and the residual capacity and pressure of the hydrogen bottle at the previous moment.
S402: and calculating the capacity change rate at the current moment according to the residual capacity of the hydrogen bottle at the current moment and the residual capacity of the hydrogen bottle at the previous moment.
S403: and calculating the pressure change rate at the current moment according to the pressure of the hydrogen bottle at the current moment and the pressure of the hydrogen bottle at the previous moment.
S404: if the rate of change of volume is greater than the threshold of change of volume and the rate of change of pressure is greater than the threshold of change of pressure, the hydrogen system is deemed to be in a primed state.
Wherein the pressure change threshold is a preset threshold for evaluating whether the pressure change of the hydrogen storage bottle meets the filling condition of the hydrogen system.
As an example, in step S401, the hydrogen management system collects the hydrogen cylinder pressure and the hydrogen cylinder temperature of the hydrogen system at the current time; the residual capacity of the hydrogen bottle at the current moment can be determined by correcting and calculating according to the pressure of the hydrogen bottle of the hydrogen system and the temperature of the hydrogen bottle of the hydrogen system. In this example, the remaining capacity of the hydrogen bottle at the current time may be a capacity value calculated in real time by using a calculation formula according to the pressure of the hydrogen bottle and the temperature of the hydrogen bottle, or may be a capacity value latched after the previous work flow is completed. Wherein, hydrogen bottle pressure can be for setting up the pressure that pressure sensor on the pipeline cavity between the cylinder valve and the relief pressure valve of hydrogen storage bottle gathered in real time, and when the cylinder valve of hydrogen storage bottle was opened, hydrogen bottle pressure was the internal pressure of hydrogen storage bottle. The hydrogen cylinder temperature may be a temperature collected in real time by a temperature sensor provided on a cylinder valve of the hydrogen storage cylinder. Understandably, the pressure sensor and the temperature sensor are standard configurations of a hydrogen system of a fuel cell automobile, no additional component is needed, and no additional cost is needed when the safety of hydrogenation control is ensured.
As an example, in step S402, the hydrogen management system or the vehicle controller may calculate and determine the capacity change rate at the current time according to the remaining capacity of the hydrogen cylinder at the current time and the remaining capacity of the hydrogen cylinder at the previous time. The hydrogen management system or the vehicle control unit can also calculate the pressure change rate at the current moment according to the pressure of the hydrogen bottle at the current moment and the pressure of the hydrogen bottle at the previous moment. For example, if the hydrogen cylinder pressure at the current time is P1 and the hydrogen cylinder pressure at the previous time is P0, the pressure change rate Vp = (P1-P0)/(T1-T0) at the current time, and T1 and T0 are the current time and the previous time, respectively. Generally, the hydrogen management system collects the hydrogen cylinder pressure once every unit time, and the time difference T1-T0 between the current time and the previous time can be set to 1, so that the pressure change rate Vp is the difference between the hydrogen cylinder pressure at the current time and the hydrogen cylinder pressure at the previous time, i.e., the value P1-P0, which helps to simplify the calculation process and improve the processing efficiency.
As an example, in step S404, the hydrogen management system or the vehicle controller may compare the capacity change rate at the current time with a preset capacity change threshold, and compare the pressure change rate at the current time with a preset pressure change threshold; if the capacity change rate is greater than the capacity change threshold value and the pressure change rate is greater than the pressure change threshold value, the hydrogen system state data is determined to meet the hydrogen system filling condition, namely the hydrogen system is determined to be in a filled state; and if the capacity change rate is not greater than the capacity change threshold value or the pressure change rate is not greater than the pressure change threshold value, the hydrogen system state data is determined not to meet the hydrogen system charging condition, namely the hydrogen system is determined not to be in a charged state.
Generally, if the hydrogen refueling station implements a standard refueling protocol, a refueling test is required after the refueling cartridge is inserted into the refueling port of the fuel cell vehicle. For example, the hydrogen filling station can perform filling test in a 1-2 pulse mode, namely, the filling is suspended for a preset time after about 1-2s of short filling each time, the pressure of the hydrogen bottle and the residual capacity of the hydrogen bottle are both temporarily increased and then decreased and are respectively slightly higher than the pressure of the hydrogen bottle and the residual capacity of the hydrogen bottle before filling, and the pressure of the hydrogen bottle at the current moment can be acquired and the residual capacity of the hydrogen bottle at the current moment can be calculated after the filling is stopped for the preset time. Then, the capacity change rate at the current moment is determined according to the remaining capacity of the hydrogen bottle at the current moment and the remaining capacity of the hydrogen bottle at the previous moment, and the pressure change rate at the current moment is determined according to the pressure of the hydrogen bottle at the current moment and the pressure of the hydrogen bottle at the previous moment. The rate of change of volume is then compared to a volume change threshold, and the rate of change of pressure is compared to a pressure change threshold. If the capacity change rate is greater than the capacity change threshold and the pressure change rate is greater than the pressure change threshold, the hydrogen system state data is determined to meet the hydrogen system filling condition, the fuel cell vehicle is determined to be in a hydrogen filling test state, namely the hydrogen system is determined to be in a filled state, and at the moment, the hydrogenation insertion gun of the hydrogenation station is inserted into the hydrogenation port of the fuel cell vehicle, so that the feasibility of hydrogenation control can be guaranteed. Understandably, compared with an evaluation mode of only using the capacity change rate to determine whether the hydrogen system is in the filled state, the method can eliminate the interference of the change of the ambient temperature to cause the increase of the residual capacity of the hydrogen bottle, so that the evaluation result is more accurate.
In an embodiment, as shown in fig. 5, in step S203, according to the vehicle power-on state data, the controlling target execution unit performs a pre-safety operation, which includes:
s501: and if the current working state of the fuel cell system is the working state, controlling the fuel cell system to shut down, sending a power-off command to the battery management system, and controlling the high-voltage relay to be switched off.
S502: and if the current working state of the fuel cell system is a stop working state, sending a power-off instruction to the battery management system, and controlling the high-voltage relay to be switched off.
As an example, the vehicle control unit may receive a current status code sent by the controller of the fuel cell system when the hydrogen system is in the filled state, and determine the current operating state of the fuel cell system according to the current status code. When the current working state of the fuel cell system is a working state, it is described that the fuel cell system is connected with the power cell at this time, and the fuel cell system supplies power to the power cell or absorbs redundant electric quantity generated by the power cell, so that the whole fuel cell vehicle is in a high-voltage state, and in order to avoid safety risk caused by detonation of leaked hydrogen gas by electric sparks formed in the high-voltage state, the fuel cell system needs to be controlled to shut down before entering a hydrogenation working mode at this time, so that the fuel cell system is ensured to be in a stop working state. And then, the vehicle control unit needs to send a power-off command to a battery management system connected with the power battery so as to control a high-voltage relay connected with the power battery to be disconnected, so that the power battery is in a state of prohibiting high voltage from being charged, and the safety risk caused by the fact that electric sparks formed by high voltage electricity formed in the process that the high-voltage relay supplies power to the vehicle load are detonated and leaked hydrogen is avoided. Understandably, after the vehicle control unit sends a power-off command to the battery management system to control the high-voltage relay connected with the power battery to be disconnected, the mutual exclusion and uniqueness of the hydrogenation control operation and the high-voltage state on the vehicle can be ensured when the fuel cell vehicle enters a hydrogenation working mode, the hydrogen-electricity separation interlocking protection function is realized, and the safety of the hydrogenation process is ensured.
As another example, when the current operating state of the fuel cell system is a stop operating state, which indicates that the fuel cell system does not supply power to the power battery at this time, the vehicle controller needs to send a power-off command to the battery management system connected to the power battery to control the high-voltage relay connected to the power battery to be disconnected, so that the power battery is in a state of prohibiting power-on high voltage, so as to avoid a safety risk caused by an electric spark formed by high voltage electricity generated during the process of supplying power to the vehicle load by the high-voltage relay to ignite leaked hydrogen.
In an embodiment, as shown in fig. 6, in step S202, when the hydrogen system is in the filled state, acquiring vehicle power-on state data includes:
s601: and when the hydrogen system is in the filled state, acquiring vehicle state data, and judging whether the vehicle state data meets the state judgment condition corresponding to the filled state of the hydrogen system.
S602: and if the vehicle state data meet the state judgment condition corresponding to the filled state of the hydrogen system, acquiring the power-on state data of the whole vehicle.
The vehicle state data is data which is collected in real time and is used for reflecting the current state of the automobile, and the data comprises but is not limited to the automobile speed. The state determination condition corresponding to the hydrogen system being in the charged state is a state that the vehicle should enter when the hydrogen system is in the charged state. For example, when the hydrogen system is in a charged state and the vehicle should be in a stationary state, the state determination condition is to evaluate whether the vehicle is in a stationary state.
As an example, in step S601, when the vehicle controller determines that the hydrogen system state data meets the hydrogen system charging condition, that is, when it determines that the hydrogen system is in the charged state according to the hydrogen system state data, it needs to collect the vehicle state data in real time, and determine whether a state determination condition corresponding to the charged state of the hydrogen system is met according to the vehicle state data, for example, determine whether the fuel cell vehicle is in a stationary state according to the vehicle state data, so as to further check a state result that the hydrogen system is determined to be in the charged state by the hydrogen system state data, thereby ensuring accuracy of a determination result that the hydrogen system is determined to be in the charged state.
As an example, in step S602, when the vehicle controller determines that the vehicle state data meets the state judgment condition corresponding to the hydrogen system being in the filled state, the vehicle controller collects and acquires the vehicle power-on state data, so as to control the target execution component to perform the pre-safety operation according to the vehicle power-on state data. In this example, the vehicle controller acquires the vehicle power-on state data only when it is determined that the hydrogen system is in the filled condition according to the hydrogen system state data and the vehicle state data meets the corresponding state judgment condition, so as to eliminate interference on the hydrogen system state data by using the vehicle state data, avoid the situation that the hydrogen system state data is judged incorrectly, and further guarantee the accuracy of the judgment result.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 7, in step S601, acquiring vehicle state data, and determining whether the vehicle state data satisfies a state determination condition corresponding to the hydrogen system being in the filled state includes:
s701: obtaining the current time the vehicle speed of (1).
S702: and if the vehicle speed is zero, determining that the vehicle state data meets the state judgment condition corresponding to the filled state of the hydrogen system.
S703: and if the automobile speed is not zero, determining that the vehicle state data does not meet the state judgment condition corresponding to the filled state of the hydrogen system.
Generally speaking, when a fuel cell vehicle is in a driving state, the hydrogen adding control cannot be realized, and at the moment, the collected hydrogen system state data cannot meet the hydrogen system filling condition, so that when the hydrogen system is in a filled state, the correction can be carried out by determining whether the current working state of the fuel cell vehicle is the driving state, and the accuracy of the hydrogen system state data can be ensured.
As an example, in step S701, when the hydrogen system is in the filled state, the vehicle controller may obtain a vehicle speed of the vehicle at the current time acquired in real time by the wheel speed sensor, so as to determine whether the fuel cell vehicle is in the driving state according to the vehicle speed, and further check the hydrogen system state data.
As an example, in step S702, when the vehicle speed of the vehicle at the current time acquired in real time is zero, the vehicle controller may determine that the fuel cell vehicle is in a stationary state instead of a driving state at the current time, and may determine that the vehicle state data satisfies the state judgment condition corresponding to the hydrogen system being in the filled state. Understandably, when the hydrogen system is in the filled condition and the vehicle speed is zero according to the hydrogen system state data, the judgment result that the hydrogen system of the fuel cell vehicle is in the filled state can be determined to be more accurate, the interference of sensor abnormality is eliminated, and the accuracy of hydrogen system state data acquisition is ensured.
As an example, in step S703, when the vehicle speed of the vehicle at the current time acquired in real time by the vehicle controller is not zero, it may be determined that the fuel cell vehicle is in the driving state at the current time, and since the hydrogen filling test is not possible in the driving state, it may be determined that the hydrogen system state data used for evaluating that the hydrogen system is in the filled state is most likely to be data acquired when the sensor is abnormal. That is, when the pressure sensor and the temperature sensor are abnormal, even when the fuel cell vehicle is in a driving state, the hydrogen system charging condition may be satisfied by the hydrogen system state data collected by the fuel cell vehicle, for example, when the sensor is abnormal, the remaining capacity of the hydrogen tank thereof abnormally increases or the pressure of the hydrogen tank abnormally increases. For example, under normal conditions, if a fuel cell vehicle is not filled with hydrogen, the remaining capacity of the hydrogen cylinder and the pressure of the hydrogen cylinder gradually decrease with consumption, and the decreasing rate depends on the working condition and the hydrogen consumption level of the fuel cell vehicle; however, under some working conditions, such as the change of the ambient temperature of the vehicle, the pressure fluctuation and the sensor abnormality exist at the position of the pressure sensor caused by the instant opening of the hydrogen cylinder, and the like, so that the residual capacity of the hydrogen cylinder and the pressure of the hydrogen cylinder can also rise even if the hydrogen is not injected.
In an embodiment, as shown in fig. 8, after step S601, that is, after determining whether the vehicle state data satisfies the state determination condition corresponding to the hydrogen system being in the filled state, the method for controlling vehicle hydrogen addition further includes:
s801: and if the vehicle state data does not meet the state judgment condition corresponding to the filled state of the hydrogen system, performing fault diagnosis on a pressure sensor and a temperature sensor on the hydrogen system to obtain a fault diagnosis result.
S802: and executing the target protection strategy according to the fault diagnosis result.
As an example, in step S801, if the hydrogen system is in the filled state and the vehicle state data does not satisfy the state determination condition corresponding to the filled state of the hydrogen system, for example, the hydrogen system state data collected when the fuel cell vehicle is in the driving state satisfies the hydrogen system filling condition, it may be determined that the sensor collecting the hydrogen system state data is abnormal, and therefore, it is necessary to perform fault diagnosis on the pressure sensor and the temperature sensor on the hydrogen system to obtain a fault diagnosis result.
As an example, in step S802, after obtaining the fault diagnosis result, the vehicle controller needs to determine a corresponding target protection strategy according to the fault diagnosis result, and then execute the target protection strategy to control the corresponding target execution component to execute the fault protection operation.
In an embodiment, as shown in fig. 9, before step S201, that is, before acquiring hydrogen system state data and determining whether the hydrogen system is in a filled state according to the hydrogen system state data, the method for controlling vehicle hydrogen addition further includes:
s901: receiving a power-on starting instruction, and acquiring power-on state data based on the power-on starting instruction;
s902: and when the power-on state data meet the power-on starting condition, sending a power-on instruction to the battery management system.
The power-on starting instruction refers to a starting instruction triggered after the fuel cell vehicle is powered on. The power-on state data is state data acquired by the vehicle control unit in real time after the vehicle control unit receives a power-on starting instruction and starts a self-checking program. The power-on start condition is a condition set in advance for evaluating whether or not a high voltage can be applied. Generally, the power-on starting condition includes a condition that the power-on starting condition is not in a hydrogenation working mode, so as to ensure the mutual exclusion and uniqueness of hydrogenation control operation and high pressure on a whole vehicle, and further ensure the safety of the hydrogenation control operation.
As an example, when a user operates an OFF/ON key, so that the vehicle control unit receives a power-ON start instruction, the vehicle control unit starts a preset self-test program based ON the power-ON start instruction, collects power-ON state data, and sends a power-ON instruction to the battery management system only when the power-ON state data meets a power-ON start condition, so as to control the vehicle to enter a high-voltage state.
It should be understood that, the sequence numbers of the steps in the foregoing embodiments do not imply an execution sequence, and the execution sequence of each process should be determined by its function and inherent logic, and should not constitute any limitation to the implementation process of the embodiments of the present invention.
In an embodiment, the present invention further provides a vehicle control unit, which includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and capable of running on the processor, where the processor executes the computer program to implement the vehicle hydrogenation control method in the foregoing embodiments, for example, S201-S203 shown in fig. 2, or S3-9, which are not described herein again to avoid repetition.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that all or part of the processes of the methods of the embodiments described above can be implemented by hardware instructions of a computer program, which can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium, and when executed, can include the processes of the embodiments of the methods described above. Any reference to memory, storage, database, or other medium used in the embodiments provided herein may include non-volatile and/or volatile memory, among others. Non-volatile memory can include read-only memory (ROM), programmable ROM (PROM), electrically Programmable ROM (EPROM), electrically Erasable Programmable ROM (EEPROM), or flash memory. Volatile memory can include Random Access Memory (RAM) or external cache memory. By way of illustration and not limitation, RAM is available in a variety of forms such as Static RAM (SRAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), double Data Rate SDRAM (DDRSDRAM), enhanced SDRAM (ESDRAM), synchronous Link DRAM (SLDRAM), rambus (Rambus) direct RAM (RDRAM), direct Rambus Dynamic RAM (DRDRAM), and Rambus Dynamic RAM (RDRAM), among others.
It should be clear to those skilled in the art that, for convenience and simplicity of description, the foregoing division of the functional units and modules is only used for illustration, and in practical applications, the above function distribution may be performed by different functional units and modules as needed, that is, the internal structure of the apparatus may be divided into different functional units or modules to perform all or part of the above described functions.
The above-mentioned embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: modifications of the technical solutions described in the embodiments or equivalent replacements of some technical features may still be made. Such modifications and substitutions are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention unless they depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An automobile hydrogenation control method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
acquiring state data of a hydrogen system, and judging whether the hydrogen system is in a filled state or not according to the state data of the hydrogen system;
if the hydrogen system is in the filled state, acquiring the power-on state data of the whole vehicle;
and controlling a target execution component to perform pre-safety operation according to the power-on state data of the whole vehicle, and entering a hydrogenation working mode after the pre-safety operation is finished.
2. The automobile hydrogenation control method as claimed in claim 1, wherein said obtaining hydrogen system status data and determining whether the hydrogen system is in a charged state according to the hydrogen system status data comprises:
acquiring the residual capacity of the hydrogen bottle at the current moment and the residual capacity of the hydrogen bottle at the previous moment;
calculating the capacity change rate at the current moment according to the residual capacity of the hydrogen bottle at the current moment and the residual capacity of the hydrogen bottle at the previous moment;
and if the capacity change rate is larger than the capacity change threshold value, the hydrogen system is determined to be in a filled state.
3. The automobile hydrogenation control method as claimed in claim 1, wherein said obtaining hydrogen system status data and determining whether the hydrogen system is in a charged state according to the hydrogen system status data comprises:
acquiring the residual capacity and pressure of the hydrogen bottle at the current moment and the residual capacity and pressure of the hydrogen bottle at the previous moment;
calculating the capacity change rate at the current moment according to the residual capacity of the hydrogen bottle at the current moment and the residual capacity of the hydrogen bottle at the previous moment;
calculating the pressure change rate of the current moment according to the pressure of the hydrogen bottle at the current moment and the pressure of the hydrogen bottle at the previous moment;
and if the volume change rate is greater than a volume change threshold and the pressure change rate is greater than a pressure change threshold, determining that the hydrogen system is in a filled state.
4. The vehicle hydrogenation control method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the vehicle power-on state data includes a current operating state of the fuel cell system; according to the whole vehicle power-on state data, a target execution component is controlled to carry out preposed safe operation, and the method comprises the following steps:
if the current working state of the fuel cell system is the working state, controlling the fuel cell system to be shut down, sending a power-off instruction to a battery management system, and controlling a high-voltage relay to be switched off;
and if the current working state of the fuel cell system is a stop working state, sending a power-off instruction to a cell management system, and controlling the high-voltage relay to be switched off.
5. The vehicle hydrogenation control method of claim 1, wherein obtaining vehicle power-on state data if the hydrogen system is in a charged state comprises:
if the hydrogen system is in the filled state, vehicle state data are obtained, and whether the vehicle state data meet the state judgment condition corresponding to the filled state of the hydrogen system or not is judged;
and if the vehicle state data meet the state judgment condition corresponding to the filled state of the hydrogen system, acquiring the power-on state data of the whole vehicle.
6. The automobile hydrogenation control method as claimed in claim 5, wherein said obtaining vehicle state data and determining whether the vehicle state data meets the state determination condition corresponding to the hydrogen system being in the charged state comprises:
acquiring the speed of the automobile at the current moment;
if the automobile speed is zero, determining that the vehicle state data meets the state judgment condition corresponding to the hydrogen system in the filled state;
and if the automobile speed is not zero, determining that the vehicle state data does not meet the state judgment condition corresponding to the hydrogen system in the filled state.
7. The automobile hydrogenation control method according to claim 5, wherein after said determining whether the vehicle state data satisfies the state determination condition corresponding to the hydrogen system being in the charged state, the automobile hydrogenation control method further comprises:
if the vehicle state data do not meet the state judgment condition corresponding to the hydrogen system in the filled state, performing fault diagnosis on a pressure sensor and a temperature sensor on the hydrogen system to obtain a fault diagnosis result;
and executing a target protection strategy according to the fault diagnosis result.
8. A vehicle control unit comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the vehicle hydrogenation control method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 when executing the computer program.
9. An automobile hydrogenation control system, which is characterized by comprising the vehicle controller of claim 8, a hydrogen management system connected with the vehicle controller, a vehicle-mounted sensor and a fuel cell system; and the vehicle controller performs hydrogenation control according to the hydrogen system state data acquired by the hydrogen management system, the vehicle state data acquired by the vehicle-mounted sensor and the vehicle power-on state data.
10. A fuel cell vehicle characterized by comprising the vehicle hydrogen adding control system according to claim 9.
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