CN115138709A - High-strength high-toughness special-shaped armor forming die and process - Google Patents
High-strength high-toughness special-shaped armor forming die and process Download PDFInfo
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- CN115138709A CN115138709A CN202210925427.7A CN202210925427A CN115138709A CN 115138709 A CN115138709 A CN 115138709A CN 202210925427 A CN202210925427 A CN 202210925427A CN 115138709 A CN115138709 A CN 115138709A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910000963 austenitic stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000617 Mangalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
- B21C37/06—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of tubes or metal hoses; Combined procedures for making tubes, e.g. for making multi-wall tubes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/08—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for tubular bodies or pipes
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Abstract
The invention provides a high-strength high-toughness special-shaped armor forming die and a process, which belong to the technical field of machining. A forming process of high-strength high-toughness special-shaped armor comprises the following steps: manufacturing an N50 primary tube blank; heating the N50 primary tube blank to 1150-1200 ℃ by a heating furnace; reaming the N50 primary tube blank; extruding and forming along a square extrusion die by using an extruder to prepare an N50 three-stage pipe blank; pickling the N50 tertiary tube blank; drawing and forming the N50 three-stage pipe blank to obtain an armor blank; and annealing the armor prototype to remove stress to obtain the finished armor. The armor prepared by the die and the process has the advantages of high dimensional precision, no defects such as cracks in the armor, high yield and high yield strength.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of machining, and particularly relates to a high-strength high-toughness special-shaped armor forming die and a process.
Background
The armor is a protection tool for devices such as cables, superconducting conductors and the like at present, and can well prevent the content of the armor from being abraded. The published Chinese patent with the application number of CN202010696312.6 discloses a flexible armor structure for protecting a cable and an assembling method thereof, and the flexible armor structure mainly comprises a flexible armor interface, a flexible armor outer ring, a flexible armor inner pipe and a cable structural member, wherein the cable structural member is sleeved with the flexible armor inner pipe and the flexible armor outer ring which are mutually hooked end to end, two ends of the flexible armor outer ring and two ends of the flexible armor inner pipe are fixed through the flexible armor interfaces, and the flexible armor interfaces are butted with connecting equipment. The inner pipe and the outer pipe are buckled with each other, so that the bending, compression and torsion of the flexible armor can be realized, the bending length of the flexible armor can be adjusted, and finally, flexible connection is realized; the manufacturing is simple, and the common machining workshop can realize the manufacturing; under the condition of satisfying the bending and torsional deformation, the load acting force along the axial direction can be realized; the cable protection capability is strong.
With the vigorous development of science and technology, the application demand of a strong magnetic field is higher and higher, such as a large-scale accelerator, a fusion reactor device and the like, which can not be separated from a superconducting magnet. The cable conductor (CICC) in the pipe consists of an outer stainless steel armor and an inner superconducting cable, and is a preferred structural form for preparing a large-size, high-current and high-intensity magnetic field superconducting magnet coil conductor. The CFETR toroidal field coil of the future Chinese fusion engineering reactor requires that the current carrying can reach 80 kA and the magnetic field strength can reach 15T, so that the armor material applied to the low-temperature 4-6K operation temperature has the characteristics of high strength and high toughness, the yield strength of the armor at the temperature can reach more than 1500MPa, and the fracture elongation can reach 25%. The armor is a main bearing component in the whole superconducting magnet operation process, and has high requirements on mechanical properties. The flexible armor in the prior art can obviously not be applied to the technical field of novel superconducting materials. While the yield strength of the stainless steel armor material 316LN and the high manganese steel JK2LB under 4.2K can only reach 1100MPa, and the future armor strength use requirement can not be met. Through material screening and optimization, the novel austenitic stainless steel material N50 has potential value of armor application, meets the use requirement of the armor during the operation of a fusion reactor superconducting magnet in the future, but has the problems of low armor forming size precision, easy occurrence of defects and cracks in the interior, low yield and the like in the preparation process in the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a high-strength high-toughness special-shaped armor forming die and a process, and the armor prepared by using the die and the process provided by the invention has the advantages of high dimensional precision, no crack and other defects inside, high yield and high yield strength.
The invention relates to a high-strength high-toughness special-shaped armor forming die which comprises a similar conical hole expanding head for expanding a N50 pipe blank and a square extrusion die for high-temperature extrusion forming of the N50 pipe blank after hole expansion, wherein the similar conical hole expanding head comprises a front end core rod, a middle conical grinding head and a tail fixing clamping groove, the front end core rod, the middle conical grinding head and the tail fixing clamping groove are fixedly connected in sequence, a forming cavity is arranged in the square extrusion die, the cross section of the forming cavity is a square with a chamfer, and the inner chamfer radius of the chamfer is larger than 8mm.
More preferably, the square extrusion die has a thickness greater than 25mm.
More preferably, the front end core rod has a length of 30-40 mm and a diameter of 25-35 mm.
Preferably, the taper of the middle tapered grinding head is 30-45 degrees.
Preferably, the tail fixing clamping groove is a trapezoidal groove.
Preferably, the trapezoidal groove comprises a first transverse groove and power-assisted side walls arranged on two sides of the first transverse groove, and the side walls are provided with a balance section and an inclined section.
A forming process of high-strength high-toughness special-shaped armor comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing an N50 pipe blank, drilling a through hole with the diameter of 35 mm in a specification round steel with the diameter of 241 mm, and controlling the inner and outer chamfers of the pipe blank to be R25 +/-5 mm to manufacture an N50 primary pipe blank;
the content of C in the used N50 primary tube blank is less than 0.01%, the content of Si is less than 0.4%, the content of Mn is controlled to be 4-6%, the content of P is less than 0.03%, the content of S is less than 0.007%, the content of Cr is 20-23%, the content of Ni is 13-15.5%, the content of Mo is 1.5-3%, and the content of N is 0.3-0.5%.
(2) Heating the N50 primary tube blank, and heating the N50 primary tube blank to 1150-1200 ℃ by using a heating furnace;
(3) Reaming the N50 primary tube blank, and under the condition that the temperature of the N50 primary tube blank is kept above 1150 ℃, reaming the N50 primary tube blank by using a similar conical reaming head to prepare an N50 secondary tube blank;
(4) Extruding the N50 secondary tube blank at high temperature, and extruding and molding the reamed N50 secondary tube blank along a square extrusion die by using an extruder under the condition that the temperature is kept to be higher than 1150 ℃ to prepare an N50 tertiary tube blank;
(5) Pickling the N50 tertiary tube blank;
(6) Drawing and forming the N50 three-stage pipe blank to obtain an armor blank;
(7) Annealing and destressing the armor prototype to obtain a finished armor, and keeping the temperature at 1100-1230 ℃ for 30-70min.
The front-end core rod is used for fixing the position when reaming is carried out; afterbody fixed slot is used for the transmission of power, forces middle part toper bistrique to advance in to the inner chamber, and class toper reaming head tapering is little, and the cracked production can effectively be avoided to the reaming in-process, and at high temperature extrusion in-process, the square extrusion die of taking the chamfer can improve the shaping size precision of interior round side outer armor. According to the process for preparing the armor by using the die, the N50 austenitic stainless steel with high toughness and strength is selected as the primary tube blank, the armor yield is improved, and the produced armor has no internal defects, is accurate in size and high in yield strength.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a cone-like reamer head according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a square extrusion die according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a high strength and high toughness shaped armor forming process of the present invention.
Wherein; the device comprises a similar conical reaming head 1, a front end core rod 11, a middle conical grinding head 12, a tail fixing clamping groove 13, a first transverse groove 131, a power-assisted side wall 132, a balance section 1321, an inclined section 1322, a square extrusion die 2, a forming cavity 21 and a chamfer 22.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a high-strength high-toughness special-shaped armor forming die comprises a similar conical reaming head 1 for reaming a N50 pipe blank and a square extrusion die 2 for high-temperature extrusion forming of the N50 pipe blank after reaming, wherein N50 refers to N50 austenitic stainless steel, the similar conical reaming head 1 comprises a front end core rod 11, a middle conical grinding head 12 and a tail fixing clamping groove 13, the front end core rod 11, the middle conical grinding head 12 and the tail fixing clamping groove 13 are fixedly connected in sequence, the front end core rod 11 is 30mm in length and 25mm in diameter, the middle conical grinding head 12 has a taper of 30 degrees and a small taper so as to prevent defects or cracks of the high-strength N50 pipe blank in the reaming process, the tail fixing clamping groove 13 is a trapezoidal groove, the trapezoidal groove comprises a first transverse groove 131 and power-assisted side walls 132 arranged on two sides of the first transverse groove 131, the side walls are provided with a balance section 1321 and an inclined section 1322, a square cavity 21 is arranged inside the square extrusion die 2, the cross section of the square cavity 21 is a chamfer angle of 22 mm, and the square extrusion die has a chamfer angle of 30mm, and a chamfer angle of 10 mm. The square extrusion die 2 is cylindrical.
When the raw material of the armor is processed, firstly, hole expansion is carried out, the purpose of hole expansion is to fix the material so as to facilitate the subsequent processes of extrusion forming and the like, and in the application, the front-end mandrel 11 enters an inner cavity of the material needing hole expansion to be used as position fixing; then the head of a hammer rod or the like for applying external force for reaming is extended into the tail fixing clamping groove 13 to knock, and the middle conical grinding head 12 is forced to move forward to the inner cavity, and the diameter of the opening of the inner cavity can be gradually enlarged because the middle conical grinding head 12 is conical, so that the reaming process is completed. The cone-like reamer head 1 can avoid the formation of cracks.
Another mould can be used in the extrusion molding in-process of armour, square extrusion mould 2, and this mould is equipped with one-tenth die cavity 21, is equipped with specific chamfer 22 in the one-tenth die cavity 21, can improve the shaping size precision of interior round outside armour.
A forming process of high-strength high-toughness special-shaped armor is shown in a specific flow chart in figure 3 and comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing an N50 tube blank, drilling a through hole with the diameter of 35 mm in a specification round steel with the diameter of 241 mm, and controlling the inner chamfer angle 22 and the outer chamfer angle 22 of the tube blank to be R25 +/-5 mm to manufacture an N50 primary tube blank;
the content of C in the N50 primary tube blank is less than 0.01%, the content of Si is less than 0.4%, the content of Mn is controlled to be 4% -6%, the content of P is less than 0.03%, the content of S is less than 0.007%, the content of Cr is 20%, the content of Ni is 13%, the content of Mo is 1.5%, and the content of N is 0.3%.
(2) Heating the N50 primary pipe blank, and heating the N50 primary pipe blank to 1150 ℃ by using a heating furnace;
(3) Under the condition that the temperature of the N50 primary tube blank is kept above 1150 ℃, the similar conical hole expanding head 1 is used for expanding the N50 primary tube blank to form an N50 secondary tube blank;
(4) Extruding the N50 secondary tube blank at high temperature, and extruding the reamed N50 secondary tube blank along the square extrusion die 2 by an extruder under the condition that the temperature is kept to be higher than 1150 ℃ to prepare an N50 tertiary tube blank;
(5) Pickling the N50 tertiary tube blank; the method is used for cleaning the oxide skin formed by the high temperature of the N50 tertiary tube blank.
(6) Drawing and forming the N50 three-stage pipe blank to obtain an armor embryonic form;
(7) And annealing the armor prototype to remove stress to obtain a finished armor, wherein the annealing is used for eliminating stress accumulated in the armor preparation process, improving the smoothness of the inner surface and the outer surface of the armor and forming a final product, and the annealing is carried out at 1100 ℃ for heat preservation for 70min.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the high-strength high-toughness special-shaped armor forming die comprises a similar conical reaming head 1 for reaming a N50 pipe blank and a square extrusion die 2 for high-temperature extrusion forming of the N50 pipe blank after reaming, wherein the similar conical reaming head 1 comprises a front end core rod 11, a middle conical grinding head 12 and a tail fixing clamping groove 13, the front end core rod 11, the middle conical grinding head 12 and the tail fixing clamping groove 13 are fixedly connected in sequence, the length of the front end core rod 11 is 40 mm, the diameter of the front end core rod is 35 mm, the taper of the middle conical grinding head 12 is 45 degrees, a forming cavity 21 is arranged inside the square extrusion die 2, the cross section of the forming cavity 21 is a square with a chamfer 22, the radius of an inner chamfer 22 of the chamfer 22 is 10mm, and the thickness of the square extrusion die 2 is 30mm.
A forming process of high-strength high-toughness special-shaped armor comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing an N50 pipe blank, drilling a through hole with the diameter of 35 mm in a specification round steel with the diameter of 241 mm, and controlling the inner chamfer 22 and the outer chamfer 22 of the pipe blank to be R25 +/-5 mm to manufacture an N50 primary pipe blank;
the content of C in the N50 primary tube blank is less than 0.01%, the content of Si is less than 0.4%, the content of Mn is controlled to be 4% -6%, the content of P is less than 0.03%, the content of S is less than 0.007%, the content of Cr is 23%, the content of Ni is 15.5%, the content of Mo is 3%, and the content of N is 0.5%.
(2) Heating the N50 primary tube blank, and heating the N50 primary tube blank to 1200 ℃ by using a heating furnace;
(3) Broaching N50 primary tube blanks, namely broaching N50 primary tube blanks by using the similar-cone broaching head 1 of any one of claims 1 to 6 under the condition that the temperature of the N50 primary tube blanks is kept above 1150 ℃ to prepare N50 secondary tube blanks;
(4) Extruding the N50 secondary tube blank at high temperature, and extruding the reamed N50 secondary tube blank by an extruder along the square extrusion die 2 of any one of claims 1 to 6 under the condition that the temperature is kept to be higher than 1150 ℃ to prepare an N50 tertiary tube blank;
(5) Pickling the N50 tertiary tube blank; used for cleaning the oxide skin formed by the high temperature of the N50 tertiary tube blank
(6) Drawing and forming the N50 three-stage pipe blank to obtain an armor blank;
(7) And annealing the armor prototype to remove stress to obtain the finished armor. The method is used for eliminating stress accumulated in the armor preparation process, improving the inner and outer surface smoothness of the armor and forming a final product, and the annealing is carried out at 1150 ℃ and the heat preservation is carried out for 30min.
Example 3
The conical-like reamer head 1 and the square extrusion die 2 used in this example are the same as those used in example 2.
A forming process of high-strength high-toughness special-shaped armor comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing an N50 pipe blank, drilling a through hole with the diameter of 35 mm in a specification round steel with the diameter of 241 mm, and controlling the inner chamfer 22 and the outer chamfer 22 of the pipe blank to be R25 +/-5 mm to manufacture an N50 primary pipe blank;
the content of C in the N50 primary pipe blank is less than 0.01%, the content of Si is less than 0.4%, the content of Mn is controlled to be 4% -6%, the content of P is less than 0.03%, the content of S is less than 0.007%, the content of Cr is 22%, the content of Ni is 15%, the content of Mo is 2%, and the content of N is 0.4%.
(2) Heating the N50 primary tube blank, and heating the N50 primary tube blank to 1160 ℃ by using a heating furnace;
(3) Broaching N50 primary tube blanks, namely broaching N50 primary tube blanks by using the similar-cone broaching head 1 of any one of claims 1 to 6 under the condition that the temperature of the N50 primary tube blanks is kept above 1150 ℃ to prepare N50 secondary tube blanks;
(4) Extruding the N50 secondary tube blank at high temperature, and extruding the reamed N50 secondary tube blank by an extruder along the square extrusion die 2 of any one of claims 1 to 6 under the condition that the temperature is kept to be higher than 1150 ℃ to prepare an N50 tertiary tube blank;
(5) Pickling the N50 tertiary tube blank; used for cleaning the oxide skin formed by the high temperature of the N50 tertiary tube blank
(6) Drawing and forming the N50 three-stage pipe blank to obtain an armor embryonic form;
(7) And annealing the armor prototype to remove stress to obtain the finished armor. The method is used for eliminating stress accumulated in the armor preparation process, improving the inner and outer surface smoothness of the armor and forming a final product, and the annealing is carried out at 1230 ℃ and the heat preservation time is 50min.
The armor materials prepared by the processes in examples 1 to 3 were taken and tested for yield strength with the following specific results;
as can be seen from the data, the yield strength values of the armor prepared in the process of the present invention are around 1600 MPa.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a special-shaped armour forming die of high strength and high toughness, its characterized in that, including being used for N50 pipe underreamed class toper reaming head and being used for the square extrusion mould of the high temperature extrusion of N50 pipe behind the reaming, class toper reaming head includes front end plug, middle part toper bistrique, afterbody fixed slot, front end plug, middle part toper bistrique, afterbody fixed slot rigid coupling in proper order, the inside shaping chamber that is equipped with of square extrusion mould, the square of cross section for having the chamfer in shaping chamber, the interior chamfer radius of chamfer is greater than 8mm.
2. A high strength high toughness shaped armor forming die as claimed in claim 1, wherein said square extrusion die has a thickness greater than 25mm.
3. A high-strength high-toughness profiled armor forming die as claimed in claim 1, wherein said front end mandrel has a length of 30-40 mm and a diameter of 25-35 mm.
4. A high-strength high-toughness specially-shaped armor molding die as claimed in claim 3, wherein the taper of the middle conical grinding head is 30-45 °.
5. A high-strength high-toughness specially-shaped armor forming die as claimed in claim 4, wherein the tail fixing clamping groove is a trapezoidal groove.
6. A high-strength high-toughness special-shaped armor forming die as claimed in claim 5, wherein the trapezoid-shaped groove comprises a first transverse groove and power-assisted side walls arranged on two sides of the first transverse groove, and the side walls are provided with balance sections and inclined sections.
7. A high-strength high-toughness special-shaped armor forming process is characterized in that a high-strength high-toughness special-shaped armor forming die as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6 is adopted; the method comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing an N50 tube blank, drilling a through hole in round steel, and manufacturing an N50 primary tube blank;
(2) Heating the N50 primary tube blank, and heating the N50 primary tube blank to 1150-1200 ℃ by using a heating furnace;
(3) Reaming the N50 primary tube blank, and under the condition that the temperature of the N50 primary tube blank is kept above 1150 ℃, reaming the N50 primary tube blank by using the similar conical reaming head to manufacture an N50 secondary tube blank;
(4) Extruding the N50 secondary tube blank at high temperature, and extruding and molding the reamed N50 secondary tube blank by using the square extrusion die under the condition that the temperature is kept to be higher than 1150 ℃ to manufacture an N50 tertiary tube blank;
(5) Pickling the N50 tertiary tube blank;
(6) Drawing and forming the N50 three-stage pipe blank to obtain an armor blank;
(7) And annealing the armor prototype to remove stress to obtain the finished armor.
8. The forming process of the high-strength high-toughness special-shaped armor according to claim 7, wherein the annealing is carried out at 1100-1230 ℃ for 30-70min.
9. The forming process of the high-strength high-toughness special-shaped armor according to claim 8, wherein the content of C in the N50 primary pipe blank is less than 0.01%, the content of Si is less than 0.4%, the content of Mn is controlled to be 4% -6%, the content of P is less than 0.03%, the content of S is less than 0.007%, the content of Cr is 20% -23%, the content of Ni is 13% -15.5%, the content of Mo is 1.5% -3%, and the content of N is 0.3% -0.5%.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210925427.7A CN115138709A (en) | 2022-08-03 | 2022-08-03 | High-strength high-toughness special-shaped armor forming die and process |
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| CN202210925427.7A CN115138709A (en) | 2022-08-03 | 2022-08-03 | High-strength high-toughness special-shaped armor forming die and process |
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2022
- 2022-08-03 CN CN202210925427.7A patent/CN115138709A/en active Pending
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