CN115135575A - Ship with a detachable hull - Google Patents

Ship with a detachable hull Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115135575A
CN115135575A CN202180015832.9A CN202180015832A CN115135575A CN 115135575 A CN115135575 A CN 115135575A CN 202180015832 A CN202180015832 A CN 202180015832A CN 115135575 A CN115135575 A CN 115135575A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
vessel
azimuth
thrusters
hull
azimuth thrusters
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN202180015832.9A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
J·H·范柴克
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Damen 40 BV
Original Assignee
Damen 40 BV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Damen 40 BV filed Critical Damen 40 BV
Publication of CN115135575A publication Critical patent/CN115135575A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H5/00—Arrangements on vessels of propulsion elements directly acting on water
    • B63H5/07—Arrangements on vessels of propulsion elements directly acting on water of propellers
    • B63H5/125—Arrangements on vessels of propulsion elements directly acting on water of propellers movably mounted with respect to hull, e.g. adjustable in direction, e.g. podded azimuthing thrusters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
    • B63B35/66—Tugs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B3/00—Hulls characterised by their structure or component parts
    • B63B3/14—Hull parts
    • B63B3/38—Keels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H21/00—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels
    • B63H21/12—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels the vessels being motor-driven
    • B63H21/14—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels the vessels being motor-driven relating to internal-combustion engines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H25/00—Steering; Slowing-down otherwise than by use of propulsive elements; Dynamic anchoring, i.e. positioning vessels by means of main or auxiliary propulsive elements
    • B63H25/02—Initiating means for steering, for slowing down, otherwise than by use of propulsive elements, or for dynamic anchoring
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H5/00—Arrangements on vessels of propulsion elements directly acting on water
    • B63H5/07—Arrangements on vessels of propulsion elements directly acting on water of propellers
    • B63H5/08—Arrangements on vessels of propulsion elements directly acting on water of propellers of more than one propeller
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H5/00—Arrangements on vessels of propulsion elements directly acting on water
    • B63H5/07—Arrangements on vessels of propulsion elements directly acting on water of propellers
    • B63H5/125—Arrangements on vessels of propulsion elements directly acting on water of propellers movably mounted with respect to hull, e.g. adjustable in direction, e.g. podded azimuthing thrusters
    • B63H2005/1254—Podded azimuthing thrusters, i.e. podded thruster units arranged inboard for rotation about vertical axis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H5/00—Arrangements on vessels of propulsion elements directly acting on water
    • B63H5/07—Arrangements on vessels of propulsion elements directly acting on water of propellers
    • B63H5/125—Arrangements on vessels of propulsion elements directly acting on water of propellers movably mounted with respect to hull, e.g. adjustable in direction, e.g. podded azimuthing thrusters
    • B63H2005/1254—Podded azimuthing thrusters, i.e. podded thruster units arranged inboard for rotation about vertical axis
    • B63H2005/1256—Podded azimuthing thrusters, i.e. podded thruster units arranged inboard for rotation about vertical axis with mechanical power transmission to propellers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H25/00—Steering; Slowing-down otherwise than by use of propulsive elements; Dynamic anchoring, i.e. positioning vessels by means of main or auxiliary propulsive elements
    • B63H25/02—Initiating means for steering, for slowing down, otherwise than by use of propulsive elements, or for dynamic anchoring
    • B63H2025/026—Initiating means for steering, for slowing down, otherwise than by use of propulsive elements, or for dynamic anchoring using multi-axis control levers, or the like, e.g. joysticks, wherein at least one degree of freedom is employed for steering, slowing down, or dynamic anchoring

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Glass Compositions (AREA)
  • Closures For Containers (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)

Abstract

A vessel (1) comprising a hull (2) comprising a bow (3) and a stern (4) and having an aspect ratio of less than 10:1, and preferably less than 5: 1. The hull (2) has a vertical Centre Plane (CP) extending in a direction from the bow (3) to the stern (4). At each side of the Central Plane (CP), the vessel (1) has at least two azimuth thrusters (6) comprising respective propellers (6a), the azimuth thrusters (6) being located adjacent to each other in a transverse direction of the Central Plane (CP). Each azimuth thruster (6) is drivably coupled to its own prime mover (7).

Description

Ship with a detachable hull
Technical Field
The invention relates to a ship comprising a hull comprising a bow and a stern and having an aspect ratio (length-to-beam) of less than 10:1, preferably less than 5:1, wherein the hull has a vertical centre plane extending in a direction from the bow to the stern.
Background
Such vessels are for example known in the form of tugboats having an aspect ratio of about 3: 1. A typical known tug has two azimuth thrusters for propelling and maneuvering the tug, which are located at either side of a central plane. The azimuth thruster is drivably coupled to the respective diesel engine and can be operated by the tiller, for example by means of a respective joystick.
Disclosure of Invention
It is an object of the present invention to provide a highly manoeuvrable vessel.
This object is achieved with a vessel according to the invention, wherein at each side of the centre plane the vessel has at least two azimuth thrusters comprising respective propellers (propeller), which azimuth thrusters are positioned adjacent to each other in a transverse direction of the centre plane, and wherein each azimuth thruster is drivably coupled to its own prime mover. Thus, a row of at least four azimuth thrusters extends in the transverse direction of the hull. In practice, the same number of azimuth thrusters will be positioned at both sides of the central plane.
Due to the relatively small aspect ratio, the relatively widened vessel width (beam) provides the possibility of applying a plurality of azimuth thrusters at each side of the centre plane. To achieve similar power levels, an increased number of azimuth thrusters may have a reduced propeller diameter of a single azimuth thruster. Thus, the total height of the series of azimuth thrusters can be kept relatively small.
The use of a relatively small azimuth thruster also provides the opportunity to use a relatively small mating prime mover. The advantage of a relatively small azimuth thruster and prime mover is that their response time is relatively short, which results in improved manoeuvrability of the vessel.
In a practical embodiment, the azimuth thruster is aligned in a direction transverse to the central plane.
The distance between the centre lines of the propellers of each two adjacent azimuth thrusters may be the same in order to achieve a symmetrical arrangement. The distance between the centre lines of the propellers of adjacent azimuth thrusters positioned at either side of the centre plane (i.e. the two azimuth thrusters positioned closest to the centre plane) may be different from the distance between the centre lines of the propellers of each two adjacent azimuth thrusters positioned at each side of the centre plane.
In a particular embodiment, the propellers of the at least two azimuth thrusters have different diameters. The propeller diameter of one of the at least two azimuth thrusters positioned at a greater distance from the central plane than the other of the at least two azimuth thrusters may be greater than the propeller diameter of the other of the at least two azimuth thrusters.
The azimuth thruster may be located at the bow or at the stern.
At least one of the prime movers may be an internal combustion engine. The internal combustion engine may be a diesel engine having a maximum speed above 1000 rpm. Such a diesel engine may be referred to as a high-speed diesel engine. If the desired power of each single azimuth thruster is relatively large, such that a low speed diesel engine has to be applied, it is preferred within the spirit of the invention to apply a larger number of relatively small azimuth thrusters comprising a high speed diesel engine, instead of a smaller number of relatively large azimuth thrusters comprising a low speed diesel engine.
The at least two azimuth thrusters and their prime movers may be functionally coupled to a common controller for simultaneously operating the at least two azimuth thrusters. The common controller may be a joystick, such that an operator can operate two joysticks, one joystick for simultaneously controlling the at least two azimuth thrusters including their prime movers located at one side of the central plane, the other joystick for simultaneously controlling the at least two azimuth thrusters including their prime movers located at the other side of the central plane.
In a particular embodiment, at each side of the centre plane, a skeg (skeg) is mounted to the underside of the hull, which skeg extends in the longitudinal direction of the hull, e.g. from the bow to about half of the hull. In this embodiment, the vessel has at least two skegs which may have a relatively small height, which reduces the draft of the vessel, improves seaworthiness and facilitates easy docking. Furthermore, the at least two skegs improve course stability and maneuverability and allow for relatively large steering forces during the defending of large vessels.
The skeg may be located at a horizontal position between the rotational axes of the respective propellers of the at least two azimuthing thrusters, seen in a direction from stern to bow.
Furthermore, the maximum height of the skeg may be less than the diameter or 1.5 times the diameter, or even less than 80% of the diameter, of each propeller of the respective azimuth thruster.
The vessel may be a tug.
Drawings
The invention will be elucidated hereinafter with reference to the very schematic drawings, which show embodiments of the invention by way of example.
Fig. 1 is a side view of an embodiment of a vessel according to the invention.
Fig. 2 is a plan view of a part of the vessel shown in fig. 1, shown on a larger scale.
Fig. 3 is a rear view of the vessel shown in fig. 1, shown on a larger scale.
Fig. 4 is a view similar to fig. 3, but showing an alternative embodiment.
Detailed Description
Fig. 1 to 3 show an embodiment of a vessel according to the invention. The vessel is a tug boat 1 having a hull 2 comprising a bow 3 and a stern 4. Such a tug 1 is normally used as a convoy tug, an anchor handling tug, a salvage tug, a dirty oil recovery vessel, a safety reserve vessel or a ship handling tug for use as an offshore terminal and FPSO (floating production storage and offloading vessel). The tug 1 may be used to assist a large vessel that is much larger than the tug 1. The tug 1 may be connected to the large vessel by means of a towing line in order to tow the large vessel in a specific direction, or the tug 1 is manoeuvred against the large vessel in order to be able to propel the large vessel in a specific direction.
The hull 2 of the tug 1 shown in fig. 1-3 has a length of about 50m and a beam width of about 16m, and thus has an aspect ratio of about 3. The hull 2 has a vertical centre plane CP extending in a direction from the bow 3 to the stern 4, see fig. 2 and 3. A central skeg 5 is mounted to the underside of the hull 2. The central skeg 5 extends from the bow 3 to about half of the hull 2 in the longitudinal direction of the hull 2 at the central plane CP.
The tug 1 is provided with a series of four azimuth thrusters 6 arranged in aligned rows extending in a transverse direction of the centre plane CP. The azimuth thruster 6 has a corresponding propeller 6a located below the hull 2 (in this case at the stern 4). In alternative embodiments, the azimuth thruster 6 may be located at the bow 3 or at other positions in between.
The use of azimuthing thrusters for propelling ships is well known, for example in ASD (azimuth-stern-drive) tugboats. The entire propulsion unit can be turned in a horizontal plane and can generate propulsion force (thrust) in any desired direction.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 1 to 3, at each side of the centre plane, two azimuth propellers 6 are located adjacent to each other in a transverse direction of the centre plane CP, and the azimuth propellers 6 are drivably coupled to a respective prime mover in the form of a high speed diesel engine 7 via a respective propeller shaft 8. A high speed diesel engine 7 is positioned within the hull 2 below the deck 9. The high speed diesel engine 7 provides a fast response when increased propulsion is desired.
Fig. 3 shows that the propeller 6a of the outer two azimuth thruster 6 has a larger diameter than the propeller 6a of the inner two azimuth thruster 6.
The pair of azimuth thruster 6 and its prime mover 7 located at one side of the centre plane CP may be operated simultaneously by a first joystick, while the pair of azimuth thruster 6 and its prime mover 7 located at the other side of the centre plane CP may be operated simultaneously by a second joystick.
Fig. 4 shows an alternative embodiment which differs from the embodiment shown in fig. 3 in that two skegs 5a, 5b are mounted to the underside of the hull 2. The skeg 5 extends from the bow 3 to about half of the hull 2 in the longitudinal direction of the hull 2 at a distance from said centre plane CP. Each of the skegs 5a, 5b is located at a horizontal position between the rotational axes of the propellers 6a of adjacent azimuth thrusters 6, as viewed from behind the hull 2. Due to the application of two skegs 5a, 5b, their dimensions in the vertical direction are relatively small, which results in a relatively small draft. Thus, for example, the combination of at least two relatively small azimuth thrusters 6 and at least one skeg 5a, 5b located at each side of the central plane CP allows for a small draft and facilitates docking of the ship. The height of each of the skegs 5a, 5b may vary along its longitudinal direction. The maximum height may be less than the diameter or 1.5 times the diameter of each of the propellers 6 a.
The invention is not limited to the embodiments shown in the drawings and described above, which may be varied in different ways within the scope of the claims and their technical equivalents.

Claims (15)

1. A ship (1) comprising a hull (2) comprising a bow (3) and a stern (4) and having an aspect ratio of less than 10:1 and preferably less than 5:1, wherein the hull (2) has a vertical Centre Plane (CP) extending in a direction from the bow (3) to the stern (4), characterized in that, at each side of the Centre Plane (CP), the ship (1) has at least two azimuth thrusters (6) comprising respective propellers (6a) positioned adjacent to each other in a transverse direction of the Centre Plane (CP), and wherein each azimuth thruster (6) is drivably coupled to its own prime mover (7).
2. Vessel (1) according to claim 1, wherein the azimuth thruster (6) is aligned in a transverse direction of the Central Plane (CP).
3. Vessel (1) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the distance between the centre lines of the propellers (6a) of each two adjacent azimuth thrusters (6) is the same.
4. Vessel (1) according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the propellers (6a) of the at least two azimuth thrusters (6) have different diameters.
5. Vessel (1) according to claim 4, wherein the propeller (6a) of one of the at least two azimuth thrusters (6) located at a greater distance from the Central Plane (CP) than the other of the at least two azimuth thrusters (6) has a diameter larger than the diameter of the propeller (6a) of the other of the at least two azimuth thrusters (6).
6. Vessel (1) according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the azimuth thruster (6) is positioned at the bow (3) or at the stern (4).
7. Vessel (1) according to any of the preceding claims, wherein at least one of the prime movers is an internal combustion engine (7).
8. Vessel (1) according to claim 7, wherein the internal combustion engine is a diesel engine (7).
9. The vessel (1) according to claim 8, wherein the diesel engine (7) has a maximum speed above 1000 rpm.
10. Vessel (1) according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the at least two azimuth thrusters (6) and their prime movers (7) are functionally coupled to a common controller for operating the at least two azimuth thrusters (6) simultaneously.
11. Vessel (1) according to claim 10, wherein the common controller is a joystick, such that an operator can operate two joysticks, one joystick for simultaneously controlling the at least two azimuth thrusters including their prime movers located at one side of the centre plane and the other joystick for simultaneously controlling the at least two azimuth thrusters including their prime movers located at the other side of the centre plane.
12. The vessel (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein at each side of the Centre Plane (CP) a skeg (5a, 5b) is mounted to the lower side of the hull (2), the skeg (5a, 5b) extending in the longitudinal direction of the hull (2).
13. Vessel (1) according to claim 12, wherein the skegs (5a, 5b) are positioned at a horizontal position between the axes of rotation of the respective propellers (6a) of the at least two azimuthing thrusters (6), seen in a direction from the stern (4) to the bow (3).
14. Vessel (1) according to claim 12 or 13, wherein the maximum height of the skegs (5a, 5b) is smaller than the diameter or 1.5 times the diameter of each propeller (6a) of the respective azimuth thruster (6).
15. Vessel (1) according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the vessel is a tug (1).
CN202180015832.9A 2020-02-25 2021-02-19 Ship with a detachable hull Pending CN115135575A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP20159261.5A EP3871970B1 (en) 2020-02-25 2020-02-25 A vessel
EP20159261.5 2020-02-25
PCT/EP2021/054099 WO2021170493A1 (en) 2020-02-25 2021-02-19 A vessel

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN115135575A true CN115135575A (en) 2022-09-30

Family

ID=69845812

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202180015832.9A Pending CN115135575A (en) 2020-02-25 2021-02-19 Ship with a detachable hull

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US20230070348A1 (en)
EP (1) EP3871970B1 (en)
CN (1) CN115135575A (en)
AU (1) AU2021226803A1 (en)
CA (1) CA3168219A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2021170493A1 (en)

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3750607A (en) * 1971-06-23 1973-08-07 D Seymour Shallow-draft boat
US3934531A (en) * 1974-07-18 1976-01-27 Allen Rudolph A Ocean going cargo transport system
SE8301196L (en) * 1983-03-04 1984-09-05 Goetaverken Arendal Ab DEVICE FOR SHIPS WITH PARALLEL HULLS
CN103482037A (en) * 2013-09-23 2014-01-01 浙江海洋学院 Small-sized tugboat
WO2016023080A1 (en) * 2014-08-12 2016-02-18 Frozen Motion Pte Ltd Marine craft for performing surface operations

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP3871970A1 (en) 2021-09-01
CA3168219A1 (en) 2021-09-02
EP3871970B1 (en) 2024-10-09
US20230070348A1 (en) 2023-03-09
WO2021170493A1 (en) 2021-09-02
AU2021226803A1 (en) 2022-09-15

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